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THE INDUSTRIAL AND EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS OF OUR PEOPLE PARAMOUNT TO ALL OTHBF CONSIDERATIONS OF STATE POLICY. 7ol. 5. RALEIGH, N. C, NOVEMBER 25, 1890. No. 39 i i ' nE NATIONAL FARMERS' AL- . . tTTTTnTnl AT LIANCE ANV iwwuo i xit UNION. President L. L. Polk, North Carolina, iddress, 511 9th St., N. N., Washington, Vice-President B. H. Clover, Cain- on&;tArvJ. H. Turner, Georgia. Ad- ireST 511 9th St' N'-W-' WashinSton D C " Tr'es -arer W. H. Hickman, Puxico, ' Lecturer Ben Terrell, Texas. EXECUTIVE BOARD. C W. Macune, Washington, D. C. Ajonzo Wardall, Huron, South Dakota. F. Tillman, Palmetto, Tennessee. JUDICIARY. R C. Patty, Macon, Mississippi. Isaac McCracken, Ozone, Arkansas. Svan Jones, Dublin, Texas. tITH CAROLINA FARMERS STATE ALLIANCE. sident Elias Carr, Old Sparta, .C. Wee-President A. H. Hayes, Bird- mro, N. C. Secretary E. C. Beddingfield, Raleigh, y Q. ' Treasurer J. D. Allen, Falls, N. C. Lecturer Thos. B. Long, Asheville, tf. 0. Assistant Lecturer R. B. Hunter, Huntersville, N. C. Chaolain S. J. Veach, Warsaw, N C. Door Keeper W. H. Tomlmson, Fay- --edlle, N. C. Issiotant Door Keeper H. E. King, r.'&nut, N. C. Serjeant-at-Arms J. S. Holt, Chalk '.rTeirN.C. State Business Agent W. H. Worth, rijueif'h, N. C. Trustee Business Agency Fund W. A. -fthara, Machpelah, N. C. ilCUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE NORTH CARO LINA FARMERS STATE ALLIANCE. 3. B. Alexander, Charlotte, N. C., ;:air a&n; J. M. Mewborne, KinstonJN. ... J. S. Johnston. Ruuin, N. C. STATE ALLIANCE LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE. R. J. Powell, Raleigh, N. C; N. C. English, Trini y College ; J. J. Young, Polenta; John tfranam, Kiageway. THE PUBLIC ROAD QUESTION. Mr Editor: -I see in The Pkogbes sive Farmer one of your correspon dents suggests the discussion of the iad question, the best plan on wiiich they can be kept in repair, etc. This is eminently proper, for a wise and well regulated system of public . highways throughout all our borders is of the first importance, and is daily becoming a prime necessity for the natural development and utili zation of the varied resources of the State, and merits and will claim the best thought and most judicious action of next our legislature. The public highways of the State are the channels through which flow the agricultural and mineral produc tion and commercial supplies of the country. They are, so to speak, the life bloo 1 of the State, leading to and connecting with those great ducts of travel and transportation the rail roads of the country. Our railroad system is constantly increasing in efficiency, while the common roads of the country have been neglected and are inferior to those of any civilized country of which we read. The most casual ob server must be aware that our roads are utterly deficient in every necessary qualification that can cailm to be the attribute of a good road. Thi3 miserable condition of the roads of the country have not only resulted from an ignorance of the true principle and methods of road-making and repairiDg, but from defective leg lslation as well. The system in vogue with us is unsound in principle, unfair in its operations, wasteful in its practical results and totally unsatisfactory. It is a relic of ancient feudalism, copied from the "statute labor " of England and its effects are apparent to-day in the neglected condition of the common thoroughfares of the country. It is a question of the first impor ance to the wellbeing of the State that these arteries and veins of agri cultural and commercial lifeshould receive that attention at the hands of ur legislators thu their supreme im portance demands in order to remedy existing defects and establish a uniform State efficient jystem throughout the is phin that by perfecting as ear as possible these public high jays, every department of our agri aitural, commercial and manufactur- fit HlDt-eSt WOuld be greatly tie J," very article of consumption ouid thus be diminished in price; e motive power now necessary could reduced, and by these and similar ttvlr? mLent8 sands - could be th a peoPle anua. In fact Z 8 that would result f ro effect not n.iS great obJect is incalculable, only to the agricultural commun ity but to the whole people as a State. But the investigation pertinent to this important matter is the question. formulating a plan which will be most successful, practicable, just and satisfactory in bringingtabout the de sired improvement will require earnest thought and consummate skill. Oar present system is based in the main on personal service. This is manifest ly unjust. I can see no just reason why property should not be taxed as. well as the poll to keep up the roads; neither do I see why a healthy man of forty six years of age should not work the roads as well as his neighbor, who is only forty five. The roads should be kept up by all classes who use and enjoy them. After reflection, I would suggest that every ablebcdied man that has nothing but his head be valued at, say, $500 or' $1,000 as the exigencies of the case might require them, let every $500 or $1,000 of taxable property contribute a like amount either in laior or its equivalent in money. The machinery necessary to put this scheme in execution need not be complicated. Have good over seers and pay them and hold them re sponsible for the faithful discharge of the duties imposed and the execution of the law. I do not see how any one could oppose this plan, as every one would be only required to con tribute in proportion to his means, but pass it on and let's hear from others. T. H. Christie. LETTER FROM BEAUFORT. The Progressive Farmer and the Sub Treasury Bill. Aurora, N. C. Mb. Editor: After a long silence, I write to let you know that we still live, i-iet me say belore l go any further, though 1 am not known on your subscription list, 1 am a silent sub scriber and an ardent admirer of your valuable paper and expect to be as long as it champions the people 8 measures in such a bold and fearless style. I don't see how any American citizen can do without such papers. Up to the time of the organization of the F. A. and I. U. the average farmer and laborer knew nothing of the govern ment of the United States, but thank God the day is close at hand, with such guiding 6tars as The rogbes sive Farmer, National Economist and others when the people will be edu cated up to a sense of duty in regard to who they send to represent them. The election is over so far as judicial, congressional and county matters are concerned, but the most important battle of all for us, the people, is to take place between now and January. In case you should be misled by what I may have to say, I will say that 1 never voted any other than a Democratic ticket in my life and am no aspirant for any office. I have been as great an admirer of Hon. Z B Vance as any heathen worshipper ever was of his idol, but when a man attempts to slay the goose that has laid the golden egg, I think it is time for the old goose to get out of the way or put him out of the way. There went more than 1,500 petitions to Senator Vance from his constituents asking him to support the Sub Treas ury bill. What did he say in his let ter to President Carr ? " In my opinion it is unconstitutional."- DA he think because he was Vance that the people would take a mere opinion of his like that and say: " Well, he knows more than all the hayseeders in the United Stales." The time has been when they would, and when I glance around me in our section and see who favors hi3 return to the U. S Senate, I should say if he was to re turn that things have not changed, that the people, i. e. the masses .have no voice in public affairs. Not hardly a man in this section favors his return except professional men, merchants, cross road politicians and editors. don't propose to champion anybody in his place. Yours, etc. R. H. Lane. LETTER FROM MAYWOOD. Mb. Editor: I have not seen any thing from Maywood Alliance, No. 1.555. I will write a line. We have 95 members, 68 males and 27 females We still continue to grow in number as well as in interest. We meet first and third Saturday in each month. think our average a tendance is 35 to 50. We buy most of our groceries through the Alliance. Those who have been buying guano through the Alliance have saved a great deal of money. We are in favor of tha Sub Treasury or something better "United we stand, divided we fall.' Yours respectfully, W. A. H. Matkins. I NUTS TO CRACK AT THE FARM ER'S FIRESIDE. Press Opinions from Many Sources. The organized labor of the world is on its march to the grandest victory that ever shattered the power of oppression. Lockwood, (Mo ) Inde pendent. The stringency in the money mar kets of the country is effecting the price of cotton all over the country. Cotton nowhere is selling for its true value. Mississippi Clodhopper. Some of these fellows who sit in the doorway of the court house defam ing Farmers' Alliances and whistling up their courage had best take vermi fuge. Ashland, Ohio, Free Lance. . There is but one way for the farmer, mechanic and liborer out of the many troubles which now harrass them on every side, and that is, to stand firm and united in one grand movement. Grange Advocate. The only proper kicking that might be done about the farmers and work ingmen going into politics is that they ought to get some one to kick them for not doing it ten years sooner. Kansas Commoner. Yes, ye men of brawn shout aloud for the McKinley bill. It will prove your salvation for do you not know that dried blood, bones, bladders, bees wax and g intestines are on the free list? 2 he Grest West. Tae working people have as much right to organize a standing army to enforce their demands, as the corpora- tions hive to keep a standing army of Pinkerton cut throats to intimidate their.e:nployees. Jexas Labor Journal. Tom Reed boldly stated this week at St. Paul, before 5,000 people, that sugar was on the free list. That is a sample of high toned political lying. Only grades used in refining below 16 Dutch standard are "on the free list.- The Great West. The Kansas City pickers announce a rise in the price of canned meats and a further rise of cent a pound on canned lard. The new prices take immediate effect. This is all on ac count of the McKinley tariff on tin plates. Rockdale Messenger. No vote can be lost or thrown away which is cast against corrupt political parties to express desire for a reform in government. Always vote for principle though you have to vote alone, and you cin cherish the sweet reflection that your vote is never lost. Exchange. All the old party hacks complain that the Sub Treasury bill involves class legislation. What if it does ? Farmers as a class are injured by class legislation and now they propose to right themselves by the same kind of law, and call upon all good mon to aid them. Weekly Monitor. It is amusing to observe the eager ness with with which the 2x4 editors print the remarks of some other fellow against the SubTreasury scheme. Like the small-fry politicians they wait till the bosses have spoken, and then, parrot-like, jump up and say, "me too !" Arkansas Economist. The most dangerous element that enters into a political campaign now a-days is the free use of money. And the more hopeless the condition of the people becomes the more influence does money wield m shaping the re suits of the election. Moral: Give the people prosperity. Western Ad vocate. The new tariff lowers the duty on live poultry from 10 cents a pound down to 3 cents, and on dressed poul try, from 10 cents to 5 cents. Why the tariff was put up on eggs and down on egg producers, it is difficult to say, unless it was intended to stimulate egg production and discourage the killing of hens for market Last Saturday as two girls stood watching the long procession of farm ers passing in the streets of Fremont, one of them said, "Let's go." "No," said the other, " Let's stay and see the end. A farmer standing by re marked: "Little girls, you will not see the end of that until it reaches the White House two years hence." Arlington Neb , Defender. What a spectacle to see a man half clothed and living in a poor board shanty with a poorly clad wife and children, voting for a party ticket that will always keep him in rags and f poverty. It is a shame for hard work ing men who can t get enough ahead to buy a home nor to burry his dead, to vote with the parties who have placed him in those circumstances. Labor Tribune. The man or the party that attempts to defend the national banking sys tern holds an unenviable position. The I people of Kansas, at least, have found out that there is some connection be tween this dangerous system and the mortgage plague that has attached i'self to them and they have conclu ded that not with their consent will they longer be ruled as they have in the past. Western Advocate. What estimate are we to form of American journalism and statesman ship when we remember that there are three millions of idle men seeking employment, and millions of our peo ple suffering for food, clothing, fuel and shelter, while said journalists and statesmen are trying to find a market for our surplus products, the very thing our own people are suffering for but are too poor to buy ? Climax Advocate. Jay GouLl has this to say of the McKinley tariff bill: "I cannot see that the new tariff of it3elf will be a disadvantage to the country. If it increases the cost of some articles peo pie will simply use less of them. Take wool, for instance. If the tariff on woolmakes clothing cost more, a per son will get along with one suit where he would otherwise have two." How does this suit the farmers and me chanics and laboring men generally, who fijd it difficult enough already to clothe" themsevles and their wives and families? Topeka Advocate. COST OE FEED FOR WORKING TEAMS. The price of grain is now so high that the following comparisons have been made to secure an economical feed for working teams. The sum maries of the value of oats, wheat bran and corn have been extracted t'rom Prof. Stewart's work on " Feed ing Animals." They are of digestible materials in value per 100 lbs. $0.98 for oats, with nutritive ratio of 1 to $6 1 ; $1.01 for wheat bran, with ratio of 1 to 5.6; $111 for corn with ratio of 1 to 8.6. The present prices in Ra!eig per 100 lbs. are for oats $1 875 to $1,953, for wheat bran $1.25, for corn $1,375 to $1.43. The advance above Prof. -Stewart's valua tion for new corn is proportional with bran. For oats the corresponding in crease would be $1 213, whereas the present price is as high as $1.875 or 54 5 per cent, higher than they should be in comparison with the other stand ard feeds. Old corn is 5.4 per cent, higher than new corn or bran, and may not be far from the real difference in actual feeding value. Instead of feeding oats or corn ex clusively, a mixture of 100 lbs. in equal parts of wheat-bran and corn would be much more economical. This mixture gives a ratio of 1 to 7.2, and the 100 lbs. cost $1.06. It is richer in digestible protein and nitro gen free extract and fibre, but con tains less digestible fat than oats, and the ratio is a little wider. For all work animals, where strength rather than speed is required, this mixture would bo far preferable to oats at present prices. "If fed by weight in equal quantities it is very much cheaper, costing as it does in ton lots $25, and $27.50 per ton or $26.25, if cost for mixing is not in eluded. This is to be tried for profit when oats at sixty cents per bushel amount to $37.50 per ton. At one peck per day per horse, this substitution of corn and bran for oats would save $11.25 in two months on five horses, or $1,125 on each horse per month. In 1 cases except where high spirits and great speed are de sired, this change from oats is desir able. In some cases its mechanical effect might be very great. If the corn were cracked it might be better than the oats for common road pur poses. F. E. Emery, Agricu turist, N. C. Experiment Station. "IN TIME OF PEACE, PREPARE FOR WAR." The owners of vineyards and orch ards as soon as all the leaves have fallen should carefully rake the leaves into small piles and burn them. All the shrunken, dried up fruit on the vines and trees should also be removed and cast into the fire. These shrunken fruits and most of the lallen leaves contain vast numbers of the winter spores of the fungimildew, bla;k rot, anthracnose and scab which may have caused such a loss the past season. - Farmers should also clean up their fields soon after Christmas and burn all the trash and weeds in fence cor ners. ' These trash piles harbor nox ious insects;' weed seeds and fungi. It is much cheaper to destroy them now than to fight them next summer. Gerald McCarthy, N. C. Experiment Station. NEW INDUSTRIES. Enterprises of Various Kinds to be Pu: in Operation and Things Likely to be Done at an Early Day Rip Van Winkle Cannot Stay in the Old Noith State. Manufatcurers Record. Wilmington A knitting mill will probably be established. New Birne Samuel Cook & Son are sinking artesian wells. Lexington A plug tobacco factory is reported as being erected. Raleigh Ellington, Royster & Co. will, it is leported, erect a sa w mill. Winston T. J and N.S. Wilson are reported as enlarging their tobacco factory. Rocky Mount Contract has been let, it-is reported, for the erection of several tobacco factories. Sanford- The Sanford Sash & Blind Co. has enlarged its sash, door and blind factory and put in new ma chinery. Hillsboro H. P. Jones and R. E. Lyon, of Durham, have optioned granite quarries near Hillsboro and will probably develop same. Wilmington W. H. Bixby will re ceive proposals until December 15th for sheet piling, stone, mattresses, &c , in place in dike in Winyaw Bay, S. C Wilmington W. H. Bixby will re ceive proposals until December 15th for dreoging in the Cape Fear river at and below Wilmington and Lock wood's Folly river. Cherokee County Manning & Co., of New Orleans, La., are reported as having optioned the marble and iron property of J. M. Thrash, in Cherokee county for $25,000. Golden The Golden Valley Hy draulic Mining Co , lately mentioned, has recently increased its capital stock from $100,000 to $300,000, and will erect two saw mills. Alma Wilkinson & Fore and Mr. Fitzhugh, of Red Springs, have or ganized the Alma Lumber Co., and and will, it is stated, increase the ca pacity of their lumber mill. Winston The parties recently re ported as having purchased 400 acres of land near Winston have organized the Winston Development Co. to im prove it. The capital stock is $100,000. Oxford The Modern Tobacco Barn Co., of High Point, previously re ported as to move its factory to Ox ford, has been incorporated by D. A. Waters, W. H. Snow, D. G. Devenish, of Philadelphia, Pa., and others, with a capital stock of $250,000. Madison County R. H. King, of Kansas City, Mo., and Lynn (Mass.) parties have, it is stated, purchased 175.000 acres of mineral and timber land in Madison and Yancey counties, and will organize a $1,000,000 stock company to develop same, build a manufacturing town, &c. Winston The Piedmont Land & Manufacturing Co., reported in last issue, has for U purpose the buying and developing of mineral and timber lands and town site properties. E. rl. Stewart, of Roanoke, Va., is presi dent, and the company has a maximum capital stock of $500,000. Raleigh The Raleigh Land and Improvement Co. has been incorpo rated with A. A. Thompson, Presi dent; C. B. Edwards, Vice President, and W. N. Jones, Secretary. This company has, it is stated, purchased several tracts of land, including the Sea' well property, which it contem plates improving. "AMEN.' Hallsboro, N. C. , Mr. Editor: I write to say amen to the cry from New Hanover. "Settler" has struck the key note. Sound it loud and long, my brother. Let it be heard to the mountains and from one end of the State to the other. Again I say amen. Let it become a State law; justice cries aloud for jt, and you will not find a man in any section of the State who expects to make any progress or improvement on the old way of farming but what will agree that the stock law would be of more real benefit to the farmer than any law that could possibly -be given to the people of the State. I do hope that some man will have back-bone enough to introduce this measure in the Legislature and I hope there will be farmers enough in the Legislature who understand the needs of the people to put it through. Don't fore 3 it on the people suddenly, but let it go into effect twelve or eighteen months after its ratification. I live in a section where the present system would -e beneficial if it would be anywhere; but, brethren, we have had enough of this old way with its injustice. I own a small, cne-horse farm and aoi trying to support a large family by farming. Give us justice. P. Pierce COMBINES. Warehouse Charges and a Need of Re formLegislative Aid Asked Fr. We have a long communication from Bro. Plummer Rowland, of Vance county, on the subject of to bacco warehouse charges, etc. We can only find room for a portion of the article as follows: The combine to" which I allude is the unjust and exorbitant charge levied on us by the warehouses for the sale of our !taf tobacco. We have tried every way in our power to secure redress, but in vain. They promise us better things and lower charges, but only lower them during the session of the legislature. Six years ago the farmers went to the legislature to seek redress and would have gotten a bill passed for their relief, but the warehouse men promised if they would not press its passage they would reduce their charges. They did reduce them as long as the legislature was in session, but just as soon as it adjourned they raised their charges again, thus showing us the foily of trusting to their promises when we knew they were unscrupul ous in their dealings and treacherous to their patrons. Some constitutional lawyer may say it is unconstitutional for the legislature to pass a law regu lating warehouse charges. If so, I have only to cite Uiern to laws that regulate iuterest, public ferries across our rivers, the toll charges, a3 fixed by law on toll gates, grist mills, canals or railroads. In fact you have only to look at the laws regulating public carriers and you will find a syllabus of decisions "us to constitutionality. I have before me the bills of a number of farmers from all the different warehouses in the town of Henderson with the charges made out by their ovrn clerks. They range from $1.25 to $2 per hundred pounds, or from 8 to 15 per cent, commission for selling. If they deny the above, I am ready to show their own bills of charges. I kuow of one instance where a renter sold his tobacco at a certain warehouse in Henderson aid the warehouse charges amounted to more than the landlord's fourth. My information and observation ex tends over a period of fifteen years, a portion of which time 1 was connected with a warehouse in Henderson. The correctness of the above charges will be backed up by the actual farmer bills which will be submitted to the honorable members of our next legis lature. I have already collected a large number of farmers' bills, and would be glad if all the farmers who are in sympathy with us, would send all their old bills for the last two or three years to my address, in care of Farmers' Alliance Warehouse, Hen derson, N. C. Would aho be glad of any other information bearing upon the subject matter herein. In other words, see your representative in the next legislature and impress him with the importance of legislative enact ment regulating warehouse charges. There- is no regularity in the per cent. It ranges all the way from five to twenty five per cent. Some of the warehouse men may say they cannot afford to run a warehouse for less commission than at present. To such argument I will cite you to the mam moth fortunes amassed. I have one instance in mind where, fifteen or eighteen years ago, a gentleman started a warehouse with no capital and is now said to be worth $250,000 or $300,000. A second instance of another firm whose proprietor, only a few years ago, was working for wages, and is now said to be worth $100,000 or $150,000. All this may speak well for their business capacity or financial acumen, but in plain Eog lish it means that it is ground out of the poor farmer. Plummer Rowland. - Hurrah for the Alliance 1 It has helped to 'knock the stuffin' out of the old'gang of political robbers that has so long fattened on the substance of the people in fact, deserves about all the credit for it. Keep up the good work Tire not in well doing. In the future verily your reward shall be great. By careful organization ycu can get cooirol of all the machinery of government in '92, and the reign, of shylock will be over. Exchange. f
The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Nov. 25, 1890, edition 1
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