r1 i ' ... THE INDUSTRIAL AND EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS OP OUR PEOPLE PARAMOUNT TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS OF STATE POLICY. '.o oL 5. RALEIGH, N. 0., FEBRUARY 10, 1891 v No. 49 rH" NATIONAL FARMERS' AL LIANCE AND INDUSTRIAL UNION. p-eside"t L. L. Polk, North Carolina. Address, 341 D. St, N. W.t Washington, D C Vice-President B. H. Clover, Cam- irdee, Kansas. T Secretary-Treasurer J. H. Turner, Georgia. Addr-. 239 North Capitol St, If W.. Washington, D. X Lecturer J. H. Willetts, Kansas. BKSOUTIVB BOARD. 0 W. Macane, Washington, D. C. A'-nzo Wardall. Huron, South Dakota, j T.TiiInin, Palmetto, Tennessee. JUDICIARY. 0. Patty, Macon, Mississippi. Issa? McCracken, Ozone, Arkansas. H E. Cole, Fowierville, Michigan. XATIONAL LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL. The Presidents of all the State organi eations with L. L. Polk Ex-ojfficio Chair-aaan. OBTH JAROLIKA FARMERS' STATE ALLIANCE Pre -i'nt Elias Carr, Old Sparta, T.C. V.ca-President A. H. Hayes, Bird-cow-, N. C. Secretary E. C. Beddingfield, Raleigh, ' T.'c-asurer J. D. Allen, Falls, N. C. c.turer Thos. B. Long, Asheville, 0. Assistant Lecturer R. B. Hunter, tfuntersvilli?, N. C. n-snlainS. J. Veach. Warsaw, N C. Do J: Keeper W. H. Tcmlinson, Fay ette nlle, N. C. T A distant Door Keeper H. E. Jtvmg, Pa ;r,t. N. C. Sigeant-at-Arms J. S. Holt, Chalk Lev.-l, N. C. Sta e Business Agent W. H. Worto, Ralegh, N. C. Trtee Business Agency Fund W. A. Graba i, ilacbpelah, N. C. IXECUT VK COMMITTEE OF THE NORTH CARO LINA FARMERS' STATE ALLIANCE. S B. Alexander, Charlotte, N. C. Ohai - -au; J. M. Mewborne, Kinston N. 0.; J ?. Johnston. Ruffin. N. C. STATE ALLIANCE LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE. R. J. Powell, Raleigh, N. C; N. C. English, Trinity College ; J. J. Young, Polenta; H. A. Forney, Newton, N. C. EDITORIAL NOTES. Ax exchange says one of the Sioux Chiefs, now in Washington, is named Big Bead This particular Indian is destined to furnish one side of a cranial antithesis no; usual in the National Capital of late years. Representative Lawler, of Illinois is said to have introduced a bill into the House to simplify spelling. There seems to be noth ng wrong with Con jressional spelling. What Congress den do need is a simpler grammar a smch simpler grammar. The Progressive Farmer is strongly in favor of having the present legisla ture relieve the people from the delay, and expense, and vexation, and con fusion, attendant upon the special legislature so common in this S.ate. Cannot something in this line be done t once ? An exchange says Judge Ptffer is a nan of great purity and moral worth; but his judgment has never been praised. We infer from this, that Judge Peffr is equal to the average Senator plus a good moral character. Something seems to have been gained his election to the Senate. Wm. Windom la:e Secretary of the Treasury, is dead He served four terms in the lower house of Congress, as a conspicuous and useful member f the Senate for a number of years, was Secretary of the Treasury in Gar ield's Cabinet resigning at ;he acces ton of Arthur. He was called upon to taie his old position in the Treasury, Pon the incoming of the Harrison ministration. He was an able, up right, and patriotic man and citizen, & has fallen in the midst of his Tears and usefulness. Several of our correspondents have bitten to us demanding the repeal of system of county government. " are of the opinion that we should e in the direction of this repeal Tery Blwly. For our present system 8 devised to tecure the control of eoaty affairs to the intelligence and wth of the counties; and-we have oUeen any case where the system hardships to anyone. Our ob servations, however, of the system have been limited, and there may be coun. ties and sections where the plan works badly. We want everybody to un derstand that our columns are open to all those who have anything of value to say, either for or against our sys tern of county government, or upon any other question of public concern. We believe in the people in all the people and we invite the fullest and freest discussion of all sorts of public questions. We assure brother W. F. Grab3 that his letter about the pic nic was not published because his name was not signed to it. We could not write him because he did not put his address up on the first letter just as he did not put his address on his last letter to us. Always put your true name on any thing you write for publication, and if you do not want the piece to appear over your true name, write your nom de plume at the bottom of your piece and your real name and address a little lower down, or at one corner. Always give your address. One of the lawyers who have spoken upon the railroad commission before the committee expressed the opinion that all the railroads in the S .ate should be put upon the same foot ing of advantage, which a single road now enjoys, by reason of its charter. This seems to us to be strange reason ing. One road has been able, by hock or by crook, to secure a charter from the S.ate which is unfair and oppres sive to the people; therefore every other road should have a charter from the State whi;h would be unfair and oppressive to the people. We are unable to appreciate the logical pro cesses by which tais startling con elusion is reached. We want to say again, as we have said before, that we are not in favor of oppressing the railroads just because we are not in favor of allowing the railroads to op press the people. We believe in be ing fair in our dealings with this ques tion, to every class of interests in volved. This is our position upon this and upon all other public questions which are up for settlement at the present tune. . ' .. J, ft , Lff We understand that the sending back of Senator Williams' interest bill to the committee on Judiciary was in tended to kill it. We hope our infor mation is incorrect. We hope the legislature may see its way clear to either pass the bill or vote it down. We have been, and we are, and we expect to be, in favor of reducing the rate of interest. Bat wo have little concern about the maiter, because we know the people have power to settle this matter; and we can wait, two years longer for the educating effects of Alliance agitation upon this subject. This legislature illustrates the fact that, upon some subjects, it is difficult to run a wheel within a wheel. In other words, it is hard to sesure per feet harmony upon some questions between the Alliance and the party in power in North Carolina. We think this is to be regretted, for many rec--Eons; and we would avoid it if we could. But we want it to be distinctly understood that we, as Alliancemen, do not intend to handicap our demands upon the United States Treasury for money at a low rate of interest, by continuing the high rate which we think our State now wrongfully al lows. If our demand for money from the National Government at a low rate of interest is just and right, then our demand for a low rate of interest from our State Government is also just and right. There is no escape from this logic. The two demands stand, or fall together. We want this to be distinctly understood. If our friends in the legislature cannot give us the relief we ask, we shall know how to get it from some other legisla ' ture. ALLIANCE CORRESPONDENCE. Resolutions adopted by Orange County Alliance, January 9, 1891: Resolved, That we recommend that 100 per cent, increase be made in our public school fund. Resolved, That we recommend to Congress the sale of the Pacific Rail roads that refuse to pay their indebt edness to the government. H. P. Jones, Sec'y. Hattie, N. C, Jan. 3, '91. Wbereas, We think that tax payers should do their own voting; therefore Resolved By Sweet Water Alliance, No. 1,969, that we recommend such an amendment of the election law of North Carolina, by the present Legis lature, as will prohibit any one from voting who cannot show his tax re ceipt for the year next preceeding the election, unless he became of age be tween tax listing and registration, or those exempt by law. Resolved, That a copy of these reso lutions be sent to The Progressive Farmer for publication. L. C. Wilson, Sec'y. Resolution by W. B. Yrk, adopted by Orange County Alliance, January 9th, 1891. Realizing the fact that the farmers and laboring classes pay more than their just proportion of the taxes, and that the cardinal principle of the Alii ance is to practice strict economy in governmental as well a3 private af fairs. Therefore we, the County Alii ance of Orange county, do KResolve, That we ask our Represen tatives to have the statute exempting all school property from taxation amended so as to exclude school prop erty owned by private individuals and used for private gain. Resolved, That a copy of this resolu tion be sent to our Representative at Raleigh and a copy to The Pbogres sive Farmer for publication. H. P. Jones, 3ec'y. At a regular meeting of Gum Neck Alliance, No. 1,824, held January 3d, 1891, the following resolutions were unanimously adopted: Whereas, A great many of the partisan papers oi tnis ana otner States have lately assailed our much esteemed National President, Col. L. L. Polk, both his public and private character; and where, a gooi many individual men hive falsely attacked and tried to slander him for selfish motives; therefore Reeolved, Th it we take pleasure in denouncing all such papers and men, and recommend that no such papers shall in the future be recognized by this Alliance. Resolved, That a copy of the above resolution be sent to The Progressive Farmer for puolication. J. B Liverman, Sec'y. North West, Va , Jan. 12, '91. Mr. Editor: Having seen nothing from our Aliance in your valuable paper, The Progressive Farmer, I take the liberty to pen you a few lines to let the outside world know that we are still alive and have our being. About three years ago a few of our neighbors succeeled in organizing our Alliance, known as Mayock Central, No. 1,290, with ten charter members. Since then we have worked up our nembership to thirty-three, of which thirty are in good standing. To do that we have had to work hard, for we have several hard shells to contend with, though we are fast breaking through on them, and I don't think it will be long before we cin swell our number to 50 or 60. We buy all of our groceries through ou agency and realize quite a profit by so doing; also we have decided tp build a hall, and have all of the lumber ready to com mence building at any time. Our Alliance heartily endorses the course of President Polk, also Thb Pbogbis sive Fasmeb and National Economist in the stand they have taken in his defence. Our Alliance is small in number but is of the right grit, and you will find us always at the helm and ready at any time to defend the A liance prin ciples, let the result be as it may. For fear of worrying you, I wdl close by saying all hail to The Progressive Farme;. Yours fraternally, N. B. Powers, Sec'y. Resolution introduced by J. V. Hughes and adopted, October 3d, 1890, by Orange County Farmers' Alli ance: Whereas, The public roads of our State, as a rule, are in a wret;hed condition and in some counties a standing menace to our civilization, and believing that nothing save educa tion will add more to our material progress and prosperity than well kept and equipped public thoroughfares; therefore be it Resolved, By the Orange County Alliance, that we most respectfully recommend to our next General As sembly the enactment of such a law as will make it incumbent upon the State to lay ou, -and keep up in first clas3 order, at the expense of the State, two public highways in each county of the State intersecting at the respective county seats of the several counties; said highways to be built by convict labor, thereby doing a work of incal culable benefit to the agricultural classes as well as o:hers, and also re moving, as far as it can possibly be done, convict labor from competition with fr labor. Resolved, Tnat our Representatives in the Senate and House of the next Ganeral Assembly are hereby re quested to use every effort to secure the passage of such a law as above in dicated. H. P. J ones, Sec'y. Bowie's Creek, N. O, Jan. 15, '9L Mr. Editor: At the January meet ing of Harnett County Farmers' Alii ance, held in the town of LilUngton, January 9th, 1891, the following reso tions were unanimously adopted: Whereas, Our National Alliance, assembled in St. Louis in the fall of 1889, recommended the passage of the Sub Treasury b 11 or something better for the relief of our farming classes; and whereas, our State Alliance at its last meeting heartily endorsed every demand of our National Alliance; and whereas, the late meeting of our Na tional Alliance, assembled in the city of Ocala, again recommended the pas sage of the same bill or something better; therefore Resolved, By this meeting of the Harnett County Farmers' Alliance, that we urge our Senator and Repre sentative in the Legislature now as sembled, to see to it that whosoever is elected to represent us in the Senate of the United States be instructed to vote for the Sub-Treasury bill or something better, and to vote for and urge the passage of any other demand ot the Farmers' Alliance that will not conflict with their oath or the Consti tution of the United States. Resolued, That a copy of these reso lutions be sent to our Representative and Senator in the city of Raleigh, and a copy to The Progressive Farmer for publication. W. M. Sexton, Sec'y. Orange Co., N. C, Jan. 1, '91. Piney Mount Alliance met January 1st, 189b Presideat C. P. Whitfield called the house to order and stated the object of th meeting, and on mo tion J. W. Pemdergrats, V.ce-Preii-dent, after a few preliminary remarks read the first chapter of St. John. Prayer by J. T. Wearer, after which an opportunity was given for the brethren to express themselves accord ing to the dictates of their own minds, to which man responded, be yond the most sanguine expectation; and while we were agreeably enter taiaed we could realize the acquies cence of responsive hearts by the flowing tears and radiant counten ances. The resolutions that were in troduced were from the chapter read. In the beginning was the word made flesh, and dwelt amongst us. We might step here and ask ourselves many ques ions, bui time will not per mit. One answer will suffice and that is, Christ came to give 1 ght and that light shown in our little meeting. And now, brethren, if you wili follow that light you will not walk in dark ness. We decided to have no other god but the God of Heaven and Jesus Christ his son as our only siviour and the holy spirit as the teacher and com forter. We want the meeting ol the first day of January, 1891, printed with iadellible ink so that our children's children may celebrate with joy and gratitude the transactions of this day. J. T. Weaver, W. D. Latta, J. W. Pendergrass, Committee. Whereas, We are apprized of the fact, and from satisfactory evidence, that many of our political newspapers are endeavoring to suppress our in fluence as Alliance; and as we believe with a view to the uhima;e destruc tion of our noble institution, instead of which, believing as we do, that a more liberal and extended circulation of periodicals and newspapers devoied to the interest of the farmer and agri cultural clisses generally be encour aged and Circulated aiiogss tLo homes of our farmers everywhere. Resolved, That the members of this Alliance endorse and recommend that all politicians opposed in sentiment or expression to the principle aims and objeevs of the Farmers' Alliance, be ignored and rejected by the brother hood and excluded from the homes of all members of the order. Resolved, That the members of this Alliance do in the most emphatic terms denounce all attempts by Dews papers or newspaper men to disorgan ize the brotherhood. Resolved, That we, the members of Enon Alliance, No. 200, do firmly pledge ourselves that we will support no newspaper, no matter from where it hails, that is not friendly and in full sympathy with tha Alliance. Resolved, That a copy of these reso lutions be sent to The Progressive Farmer and Country Homes for publi cation. Thos. S. Woood, G. W. Wilson, E B. Clayton, Committee. Rural Hall, Jan. 14, 1891. Mr. Editor: An increased volume of currency is badly needed in order to move the surplus produce of the country, and that, too, at the earliest possible moment. It seems to me that it is rather a disgrace to our National legislators that this has not been done; we hope, however, that they will re trieve their character immediately in this particular. It is known that our monopolistic National banking system is a failure, so far as providing an elastic currency. It is known tha ; we have a money panic once a 3 ear, some times more intense than others. Now what is the remedy ? First, the free and unlimited coin age of silver; and next, less taxation, fewer subsidies, fewer partisan appro priations, and absolate economy in the conduct of the General Govern ment; and last, but not least, down with all class legislation, both National and State. What next? It seems to me the legislature of North Carolina shoud pass an act to issue $5,000,000 worth of State bonds to be placed in the Treasury of the United States and our General Government issue that much-currency dollar for doll at, and other States to do the same in propor tion to their solvency and wealth of real estate. Nov this amount of cu-rency could be placed in the traas ury of each State, or some other safe place, in care of a proper custodian of course this amount should be based on the true value of real estate; or in other words, better the value of lands and for the accomodation of land owners, the Treasurer of each State to be (or the treasurer of this fund in each State should be) required im mediately to distribute to the county treasurer for ;his purpose only the amount ascertained -by statistical wealth in lands and real estate in each and every county, to be loaned to the land owners at the iwo thirds of the cash valuation of said lands used for farming and other purposes of a legitimate character; but not to real estate speculators. This fund to be loaned at 2 per cent, or 3 per cent, interest per annum, on five or ten years' time, the interest on amount of said leans to be paid annually and a ratable part of the principal. Tiie treasurer for each county for this fund may be appointed by the Governor of each State, by ond through the advice and consent of the State Treasurer of this fund, who may bo appointed by the S;ate legislators. Tais fund of currency created for farmers and land owners of North Carolina must be and remain distinct from any National banking 3ystern. The bond of each State, to a reasonable amount, is far better secuiity to the United States Government than any banking securi ties iu existence. Further, should the General Gov ernment fa 1 to accept of this or some similar and equivalent plan, I hold tha; each State may issue and float her own bonds at par for say 3 per :ent. interest, and this same fundi then be loaned to the land owners for farm ing purposes, &c. But it would be far bet -er for the United States Gov-v em ment to issue ;he currency and hold the bonds as security. Should this plan or a similar one be adopted without material change, and the State issue bonds according to its solvency, it would create a safe volume of currency to the amount of about $220,000,000. Speaking from a nation, ai point of view, it is surprising why our boasted national legislators should not see th 3, or overlook the necessity of the business and commerce of our country. Twenty years ago, w.th lit tle over half the population we now have, the amount per capita was greater than it is now, and the volume of cur rency greater. Give us the volume of currency sufficient to move our pro duce briskly, and you would soon see a vast difference in our schools and laborers. Then the farmer could educate his children and pay better wages to his laborers, and as the farmer is the foundation that all build upon, all would be bettered. He is the creator of the commercial products of the earth. Our legislators, both State and Na tional, should be speedily warned against any further delay in the mat ter of a sufficient and elastic currency. While there is a little seeming interest manifested by a few of our national leg slators, it 13 mostly in the wrong direction, that through the national banks, through which it will never be reached, unless it be at too great a cost. The free coinage silver plan will do some, bat it will not be buG cient. In the plan of the State bond system, ample safeguards may b thrown around it, from which nona will be worsted, but all be better d A HINT. How do you call one that is hired all right, when you have to watch hira and rally all of your forces and whip him into measures and then say he it all right ? I call him all wrong. B. F. S. i i v..