North Carolina Newspapers

11 1 i 1 1 . TI1E INDUSTRIAL AND EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS OF OUR PEOPLE PARAMOUNT TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS OF STATE POLICY. Vol. 6. RALEIGH, N. CL MAY" 26, 1891. No. 14 r FKOGKESSIV FARMER i 1 CIRCULATION. The actual circulation of Volume V, which closed with the issue of Febru ary 17th, 1801, was as follows: February 18. 12JO August Sept. t ti October ik Nov. 13,18'.t0, 16,680 26, " 16,680 2;, 4, " 11, ' IS l 2. " i, " s. " ir, " .. s; " -., ik 15, " , " 27, " 5, " Id, " li. " 1, " S, " r, " .. 12.2-u March 12,000 IO.'htO 10.5W) 10, N0 10,SOO 10,800 10,.S4)0 lu,tio 11,040 11,044) ll,l0 11,160 11,44)0 11, :jso 11.2X0 11,400 11,400 11,4410 11,520 11, t.UO 12, :0 i:i,soo is,a 10,60 10,800 10.800 9, " 10, SI, " an, " i 14, " 21, " 4. " 11, " 18, 17,040 1H.84IO 17.2H0 17,010 17,280 17,2X0 17.2J 17,280 17.7fU) 17.7tMt 17,760 in,2:a 18.244) 18,240 1S,240 April VI ay I nne Dt'cemb'r 2, " July January H, 1X91, 18,240 241, " 18,240 " 27 " 18,240 February V, " KS240 " 10, " 18,244) 17, " 18,240 An pi ist, -r, 12, " lirst tt months, 307,080 Second 0 months, 458,1(R) Making a total circulation for the year of 705,240; averaging for 52 suc cessive issues, per issue, 14,710, and showing a net increase for the year of 5.400, or more than 113 per week. The above statement is taken from the records kept in the office of The Progressive Farmer, and i correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. J. W. Denmark, Business Manager. I am Book-keeper for Edwards & Broughiou. Printers and Binders. Ral eigh, X. C. The press-work on The Progressive Farmer has been done for the past three years by Edwards & Broughton, and I have kept account of the same. I have compared the above statement with the account I have kept, and find it tallies throughout, and is correct. T. J. Bashford. Persona ay appeared before me, W. T. Womble. Notary Public, J. W. Den mark, Business Manager of The Pro gressive Farmer, als. T. J. Bashford, Book-keeper for Edwai ds & Broughton. and mike oath that the statements contained above are correct to the best of their knowledge and belief. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my notarial seal of office this day, February 20th, 1891. W. T. Womble, Notarial Seal Notary Public. EDITORIAL, NOTES. We hope the Democrats will nomi nate Gov. Gray, of Indiana for the presidency in 1892. He is a man of the people and true as steel. Mr. Gladstone is a wonderful man. He is eighty-one years old, is the head of a great party, has driven Mr. Par nell from his leadership of the Irish party and has lately had a successful tussle with la grippe. He is truly a wonderful man. Let it be understood that the recast ing and the regeneration of the entire financial system of the country is be fore the people, and will have to be noticed in no equivocal way by those who write the platforms of the parties next year. This question of financial reform will not down at the bidding of the bosses, and they would just as well make a note of that fact, and govern themselves accordingly. The Inidliqenccr and the News and Observer; of this city, have been merged, and Messrs. Ashe and Jerni gan will be joint editors of the News and Observer from now on. This is an able .editorial team, and the public may congratulate itself that this arrangement has been made. Our neighbor the State Chronicle has made arrangements for a new dress, new presA and very great enlargement. Truly, journalism in Raleigh is on a boom. The University base ball te;un re cently took a trip to Richmond to meet and play the team from the University of Virginia. We think this practice should oo stopped at once. The people of North Carolina cheerfully pay taxes to support the University in order that it may have the facilities to educate the young men of the State for places of usefulness. We think this junket ing business seriously hinders the studies of the young men, and we would like to see it discontinued. The Republican party is very much in hopes that the Democrats can be in duced to try conclusions with them next year upon the single issue of tariff reform. These astute politicians would "ve something handsome if they could, get the Democrats to elimi nate the silver issue from the contest. At this time it looks v-ery much as if the Republicans would get their wish. We are in favor of tarilf reform, and we want it to be an issue in the cam paign. But we think the party that succeeds next year will win upon more than one issue. We see no reason why tariff reform ami free silver cannot both be put into the contest. The misrepresentations by the gold j men in relation to the free coinage of silver continues without abatement. We want our friends to understand the exact point of the contention. The friends of silver demand that the white metal shall be made a full legal tender for all debts, public and private, and shall be put upon exactly the same footing as to coinage with gold. This is the point of our contention, and nothing else. If any one asks what is meant by free coinage of silver, tell him that it means doing for silver by law exactly what the government now does for gold, and let him sweat over the conclusion. The Chilian insurgent steamer Itata, with arms and munitions of war on board, intended for the Congressional party in Chili, was recently seized upon the Pacific coast of the United States. This vowsel slipped her cables and put to sea with a United States Marshall on board. The steel cruiser Charliston was at once sent in search of the runaway. But up to this writ ing the Charleston has had no success. The Esmeralda, a powerful warship of the insurgent Chilians, is lying in the path of the Itata waiting to render her any assistance she may need. The Charleston is also at Acupulco, and a conflict between that vessel and the in surgent ships may take place at any time. As we go to press the laboring men of the country are gathering in Cincin nati to discuss the feasibility of l'orm- ing a third party. What the outcome j the nit. ting w ill be- we cannot fore cast, out we shall not be kept long m doubt about it. We hope the mem bers of the conference will have the wisdom to look the whole field care fully over, and take only such action as will secure to the people all the ends of good and economical government. This is a critical time in the history of politics in this country, and a false step may bring untold harm to the country. Whatever mav be the outcome of the meeting at Cincinnati, let every citizen do his plain duty, and the country will be safe. They do some strange things in the Old World. As one result of the treaty of Berlin at the conclusion of the late Russio-Turkish war, Servia was erected into a separate government, with Milan for King. After some years King Mi lan repudiated his Queen, Natalie, and sent her out of the country. Her sub sequent return and other political com plications forced Milan to abdicate his throne in favor of his infant son, the conducting of the government being turned over to a Regency during the minority of the child King. For some years past Queen Natalie has lived quietly in . Belgrade. The other day the Regency decided upon her expul sion from the country. The attempt to expel the Queen was resisted by the students and populace for full twenty -four hours. But the Regency finally overcome the opposition, and sent the broken-hearted wife and mother out of the country by force. Great excite ment prevails, and serious consequences are likely to ensue. The enemies of free silver are dying with fear, so to speak, of the schemes of the owners of the silver mines. We make no doubt such fears are very virtuous as such fears always are and we are ready to rain tears of sym pathy as large as walnuts, if that were possible, upon the degeneracy of the silver miners and their menace to our common country. But before we do any large amount of crying over the silver miners, we wrant to be in formed definitely as to who shall cry over the schemes of the gold miners. It seems to our simple intelligence that ruin from the hands of the silver miners would not be any worse than ruin from the hands of the gold miners. Why do not some large-hearted and disin terested patriots come forward and bawl over the wickedness of the gold miners? We are willing to cry at will over tho ruin of our country. But we want to do the whole job at once ; and so we insist that the gold men be put with the silver men in this oncoming national boo-hoo-oo 1 FARMERS, ATTENTION. A Plan of Co-operation for Improvement in Farming Methods, Etc. One great aim of the Alliance organ ization is improvement at home. Nv other improvement can be made as far reaching, as productive of such bene' ficial results as the permanent im j provement of the soils and the adop, tion of improved methods in order to retain this fertility after it is once im proved. In other words improvement I at home is synonomous with better j financial condition, with better crops. with more easy, comfortable living, j No improvement can be made at once i all reforms take time. But it can j well be said that the sooner these re- j forms are commenced in a rational j thoughtful way, the sooner will they be productive of permanent, useful re sults. The N. C. Agricultural Experiment Station seeks to aid in this improve ment at home by offering to the farm ers ail the assistance afforded by any of its various divisions in agricultural work. The Station has been doing this from the moment of its organization in 1877 up to the present time. It has assisted individuals in every part of the State. We want now to offer assistance to communities instead of individuals and no better plan am be adopted than to co-operate with organizations al ready established. The Alliance is strong in numbers in every county of the State, and with the active ener getic spirit constantly manifested by all of its .members, it would seem that there could be no better means afforded by which the farmers could collective ly co-operate with the Station and util ize whatever advantages it has to af ford. And the Station is willing and anxious to begin. It may just as well be said at once that the Station derives its support from the United States and no one need be apprehensive of any cost to themselves or the State. The first clause in the famous Hatch act. which : appropriates this money to an experi ment station in every State and Terri tory, is as follows: '"That in order to aid in acquiring and diffusing among thu people of the United States use fid and practical in formation on subjects connected with agriculture, and to promote scientific investigation and experiment, etc." It can thus be seen that one of the cardinal principles for which the ap propriation was made by the United States is to diffuse practical and useful information among the farmers as well as also to learn new agricultural truths. In this the Station and tUe farmers must work together. The Station for its part must place before the farmers such knowledge as itself can discover from experiments under taken, or else the result of similar work done elsewhere or knowledge so cured which would be advantageous to know. It is one thing to reach results through any investigation it is entire ly another thing to place them in the hands and in the heads of farmers who should uso them. A man might work half-dozen life times, and discover truths of great value every minute of his time, yet his time will bo totally wasted unless he places before others the result of his work. To be of the greatest value, the work of the Expe riment Station must be carefully con sidered by every farmer in the State. The farmers of the State on their part should be always alert to take ad vantage of anything that is offered by the Experiment Station, to ask its aid whenever it is possible for the Station to give it, and to adopt such methods as have been proven valuable by actu tl trial. They should join forces with the Station, and not only derive as much benefit as possible from it, but also to take a lively interest in it and seek to aid it as far as can be done. To increase this co-operation the fol lowing plan has been outlined and is now in progress. Briefly, as follows : The election by each Sub-Alliance in every county of a committee of three to be known as the "Experiment com mittee" whose chairman will report at each meeting cf the Alliance. This committee will keep in constant com munication with tho Experiment Sta tion, and will in turn gire the mem bers of the Alliance the benefit of such correspondence, such matter being thoroughly discussed in the meeting. By this means the following, among other things, can be accomplished and learned through these committees : 1. Any member of the Alliance can be able to see any information in any branch of farming. 2. Caii learn by forwarding to the Experiment Station the name of any destructive insect and what remedies are best to exterminate them. 3. The best plan to get rid of any specially troublesome weed. 4. The best treatment for any par ticular soil, by giving its history and character. 5. The free chemical examination of any marl, muck, phosphate, or home made application, to learn of their value. 0. The application of lime to soil; when it is best to do it ; when it is best not to do it. 7. The free chemical examination of chemicals or fertilizers, when the samples are taken according to direc tions. 8. The value of any particular grass or clover can be learned, soils most suitable, treatment necessary for growth, &c. 9. How to plant an orchard or vine yard, and how to tend it. 10. How to -thip fruit, to make the most money. 11. What garden vegetables can most profitably be grown, how to grow them, and how to keep them. 12. What fertilizers are best for any particuFvr crop, and how to mix them for the least outlav of monev. 1. . The value of pea vine manuring Tor crops, especially wheat. 14. The value of crimson clover. Jr. The best plan for the preserva tion of. manure, and the great value it i when properly saved. I (5. The propr care and management of stock in winter and summer. 1 7. The most economical and rational plan of feeding stock. 15. The great economic value of en silage, how to preserve it, and how to uso it. 19. The value of different feeding stutfs, and compared with each other. 20. The examination of seeds to test th':ir purity and vitality. 21. The economical production of milk and butter. ' .TV-.o F.xperjniont Static; will -end to the committees all of its bulletins and publications, and these can be dis cussed by those present in the meet ing. 23. Short, concise reports of the Sta tion's work, and other matters of gen eral agricultural interest (such as are now given press bulletins) will be sent for general information once a week to the committees. 21. Official analyses can thus be more promptly distributed to the hands of the farms. 25. Special reports and bulletins can be gotten into the hands and before the attention of the farmers sooner and more efficiently in this way than in any other. 26. Questions and answers of general interest will bo printed in the columns of The Progressive Farmer. The above are only suggestions of some ways by which the people of the State can be benefited, if they co-operate and interest themselves in the proposed plan. It will be found that actually many other ways will present themselves in which good can be ac complished. The Station has on its staff men who have been equipped in the field and the laboratory, have learned practically and scientifically the different branches they are now investigating, and desires to place this knowledge where it will accomplish the greatest good. It is firmly believed that in no other way is it possible to secure such immediate and it is hoped beneficial results than through its offer of co-operation with tho individual farmers, collectively, through their various Sub-Alliances. With this end in view, it is my in tention to present this plan to every Sub-Alliance in the State and request their consideration of it, and if favor able, to request : 1. The election of a committee of three to be known as the "Experi mental committee." 2. A regular time during the meet ing for the reading and consideration of whatever the committee desires to bring before the meeting. :. The adoption of a question box at tho place of meeting, in which box can be placed by any member questions or any matter pertaining to the work of the experimental committee. These can be discussed and forwarded to the Experiment Station at Raleigh for an swer. Already many of those committees have already been formed, and express much interest in the plan. It was out lined to some of tho County Alliances last fall, and was received with much favor. It gives me much pleasure to say that Col. Elias Carr, President North Carolina Farmers' State Alliance, ap proves of the plan, and writes as fol lows : " I would suprtrest that vou send your plan of co-operation direct to the Sub- , ordinate Alliances, and ask the ap pointment of these committees, and to which you have my authority to affix hearty endorsement." H. B. Battle, Director N. C. Agl Exp't Stat n. AN EARNEST APPEAL. Beaver Dam, N. C, May 13, '01. Brethren, we are now approaching the most critical period in the history of our order. Both the great parties are using every conceivable effort to cripple the Alliance by causing dissen sion and strife in our ranks. Politi cians who have so long kept the people in the dark as to the real issues, see that the success of the labor organiza tion means political funerals for them. Great moneyed corporations that are working fortunes from the life-blood of humanity, see inscribed on our ban ner "equal rights to all and special privileges to none," and know it means justice to producers. Railroad kings see in the Alliance something that makes them quake and tremble for fear of justice. Bankers see our de mands and are fired with indignation towards us. A crisis is ncaring that will try men's souls and test their loy alty to their countiy. Having inves tigated the causes and devised a rem edy, the great task now i-j how to ap ply it. This can be done only by unity of action, and how to secure this seems to be the greatest question. Some say work in the dominant party, but all the argument that I have seen in favor of this is very inconsistent. Were the two great parties pure as they once were, the plan would be contrary to our principles, as "unity of action is imperatively demanded." But since the leaders of both parties are firmly united against our demands, it appeal's to n:e the merest U V t -. tryo bve them enacted by either party. Then you are going to form a "third party." No, it is ready formed and has been since the first labor organization, Par tics form themselves and no power can prevent it. When I hear a man say that he is an Alliancemau and a Democrat, I know that man is ignorant and needs infor mation. If I hear him say the Adiance and Democratic platforms are prac tically the same, I sympathize with him, for I know the Democrats have him hitched up to a Democrat-Republican wagon and the poor fellow has been pulling against a similar horse at the other end for twenty years and the result is, tho wagon has been rocked deeper in the mud and the horses are nearly worn out and will soon be turned into a dry pasture to die. It is said that a pup gets its eyes open in nine days, and it does seem that the people could get theirs open in nine vears. Brethren, in the name of our coun try, in the name of your wives and children, let me urge you to study the conditions that surround you. Studv the system that allows idle drones to grasp all your harl earnings. When you are laboring side by side with your wife and daughter and see your chil dren developing into manhood and wo manhood with minds uncultured and bodies deformed from labor, ask your self whether you live in a free coun try. When you see so many of your brethren losing their homes the dear est places on earth to them and con sider how earnestly they have labored from early morn till late at night and actually suffered for the necessaries of life and after all can hardly keep body and soul together, ask whether there is an. "overproduction" in this country. When you see that our government fosters a system that causes 10,000 children to die annually in New York City for want of food and clothing, ask which way our civilization is tending. Note the downfall of other nations and inquire into the causes and see whether ours can long survive under present conditions and tendencies. If you are desperately in love with either of the two political parties, could you give us the reason? Is it because they both voted for contraction and caused pov erty to cast her gloom into millions of homes containing once happy families? Is it because they gave away enough of our public lands to make empires and caused one-fourth of the American farmers to become tenants for their lords? You who till the soil and feed the nation, it's time to awake and the sooner tho better. J. Z. Greene. TO THE JUSTICES OF THE PEACE OF WAKE COUNTY. Gentlemen : At our meeting at the court house the first Monday in June next, we will be called upon to fill some vacancies in the Board of County Com missioners. The Commissioners' offiee is very important. They have charge of the finances of the cotmtv, there fore we should be careful whom we elect enough so, at least, to be sure to elect men who are citizens of this county, and avoid paying so much mileage. There is no good reason for members citizens of this county charging the county with from loo to 210 miles travel in going to and from the court house to attend a monthly meeting. And, tjo, let us have an eye to the business capacity of the men we elect. Good businessmen with the in terest of the county at heart could at tend to th business of the county in less time than from five to eight or ten days each month, if they would work like other business men from six to eight hours per day. if we will ob serve the above, we may save tfie county considerable ex pence. Econ omy is a democrati j principle. 'Wake county ought not to pay any more for a pound of coffee than I do."' A. .1. P. May 14, 189 1. Eureka Alliance, No. 1,S35, Columbia, N. C, May 9, '91. Whereas, On or about the 8th day of February last brother J. M. Wood ard and brother G. B. Vanhorn had the misfortune to lose their horses by sickness, leaving them destitute of means for the present year. The two brothers have eight dependent chil dren. Therefore we, the committee appointed to solicit subscriptions for for the relief ui the two brothers, re spectfully appeal to the Sub-All ianc.es of North Carolina to aid us in restoring to them the loss of their horses, one at $50 and the other at ss.". They an; in debted Cor those hetes. from the fact that tln-y have had bad luck from sick ness in tin ir families, and are nnw about to suffer. Any com ribution, uowever small, w ill be grateluliy received by the two brothers. All remittanecs should he sent to J. A. liolloway. 1 'resident. Fraternally, B. C. Gaboon, XV. XV. Vanhorn, Jerry Brickhouse.--Committee. Approved: J. A. Holloway, President. Poplar Tent, April 24, '91. Mr. Editor: Our Alliance is still in creasing in members and zeal in the good cause. An elfort is being made to place a copy of The Progressive Farmer and National Economist in the hands of every member. We find that the most zealous and faith full members are those who read our or gans. We are always glad to get The Progressive Farmer and read every thing in it, but we were especially E leased with the article in the last issue eaded " Partisan ism " and signed "Guilford." We, like Guilford, don't wish to dictate to our editor, but we agree with him in his entire article. We were surprised when we saw the article "A Plea for Mr. Cleveland," in our organ and written Jby a member of the Alliance. Surely Pro. Beall has got in the wrong pew. Brother, either support men that will carry out the Alliance demands, or throw up the sponge and come out. Such articles as Beall's do the Alliance a great in justice. I see his article published in. the News and Courier, of Charleston, a paper not devoted to the Alliance cause by any means, but very partic ular to give the North Carolina organ and an Alliance member credit for the article. The partisan papers arc very glad to get such stuff. Let them have it direct from the manufacturers. Let me say to the members of the Alliance, stand by tho demands; support no enemy. Discuss all issues in the Alli ance and abide by the majority. Brethren, be cautious, the enemy hi shy and his name is legion. So says P. T. PLANT DISEASES AND REMEDIES. THEIR The North Carolina Experiment Sta tion has just issued a 20-page Bulletin, No. 70, on plant diseases, illustrated by 11 engravings showing the appearance of diseased plants and the best forms of spraying apparatus. Tin's Bulletin contains a brief and pointed chapter on vineyard and orchard hygiene, and treats in full of the following diseases: Rot, mildew and anthracnose of the grae, black rot, black knot of plum and cherry, apple, pear and quince scab, leaf blight of pear, fire blight of pear, peach yellows, potato blight, rust of cereals, bunt of wheat, smut of oats, smut of corn and ergot of rye. These diseases ciuse a yearly loss of over $1,000,000 to the farmers and fruit growers of this State, most of which may be saved by timely attention. This Bulletin will be sent free to all names on the regular mailing list of the Station and to others within tho State who apply for it. Only a limited number of copies will be available for distribution outside the State. These will bo sent, so long as supply lasts, to applicants who enclose 0 cents. Ad dress N. C. Experiment Station, Ral eigh, N. C. Gerald McCarthy, Botanist.