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V FT t. f THE INDUSTRIAL AM) EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS OP OUR PEOPLE PARAMOUNT TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS OF STATE POLICY. " -v RALEIGH, N. G, MARCH 5, 1895. No. 4 I NATIONAL farmers alli ance and industrial UNION. ;W6ident-J. F. Willetts, Topeka, ce-President-H O. Snavely, Leb- retary-Treasurer Col.D. P. Dun- Columbia, 8. O. EXECUTIVE BOARD. j. L. Loucks, Huron, 8. D. ; Mann rz9, Brandon, Virginia; I. E. Dean, z'ieove Falls, New York; H. C. Dem- ig, Secretary. Harrisburg, Pennsyl tjia; Marion Butler, Raleigh, N. O. JUDICIARY. i A. Southworth, Denver, Colo, t W. Beck, Alabama. L D. Davie, Kentucky. s , jjn OAROLUTA FARMERS' 8TAT3 AJLLI ANCS. President J. M. Mewborne, Kinston, 'C ' 7ice-President A. C. Shuford, New- jecretary-Treasurer W. 8. Barnes, r leigh, N. c. . , "'jecturer Cyrus Thompson, Ricn- sada. N. C. . Steward J. T. B. Hoover, Elm City, ycSaplain Dr. T. T. Speight, Lewis- X C. m r Ooot keeper Geo. T. Lane, Greens ro, N. C. issistant Door keeper Jas. E. Lyon, : irham, N. C. " iergeant-at Arms J. R. Hancock, -eensboro, N. C. . Jtate Business Agent W. H. Worth, Jeigh, N. C. , ttt ftrustee Business Agency Fund W. i Graham, Machpelan, N. C. :KUTIVB OOMMTTTEM OT TRU NORTH 1BOLIN A FARMERS' STATU ALLIAlffCE. Ifarion Butler, Goldsboro, N. C; J. Long, Eoka, N. C; A. F. Hileman, ncord, N. C. tra AixiANca judiciary oosmrrrES. Ino. Brady. Gatesville, N. C. ; Drr J. Harrell. Whitville, N. C; John aham. Ridge way, N. C. ; ftb Carolina Reform Press Association. oncers J. L. Bamsey, President; ivion Butler, Vice-President; W. 8. lines, Secretary, PAPERS. t r88lTe Farmer, State Organ, Raleigh, N. C. acaslaa, Raleigh. N. C. -rcory. Hickory, N. C ;ttler, Whltakers, N. C. r Home. Beaver Dam. N. C. e Populist, Lumberton, N. C. People's Paper. Charlotte, N. C. Vestibule, m Concord, N. C. . e Plow- Boy. Wadeeboro, N. C. alow Blade, Peanut, N. C. Each of the above-named papers are pttitea to keep the list standing on .J first page and add other, provided ty are duly elected. Any paper fail 7 to advocate the Ocala platform will dropped from the list promptly. Our :ople can now see what paper are bluhed in their interest. EDITORIAL SUGGESTIONS. Diversify, diversify. That is not the Jy secret of success, but is essential ien no special crops will pay, as is e case at present. The first thiag to do in the spring is apply a liberal allowance of soluble rtuirer on the asparagus bed, as as ragus comes early in the spring. Farmers who figure on their profits ould endeavor to estimate the ex nse incurred in loss of fertility sold the produce. This fertility must be turned to the sod or the succeeding ops will be lessened correspondingly. If you have been selling off the fertil 7 of your soil do not count all your oceeds profit. While you make a ring jou must at least be making the rm better, or you are nothing at all lead. Even your living must soon &se. Potash is essential' to land bearing Jits, and, therefore, ashes is a valu le fertilizer for such ground. In using hes use it alone, for it has wonderful wer of liberating some of the most .luable element in nitrogenous f er izers. Farmers must have an ideal to which work, and not be content to go along kbout as usual." There is no success ithout an aim, and this aim should i a high one and every energy bent i it at all times. This is a law of suc ai everywhere. As the value of the cold storage sys in of preserving fruits becomes better aown farmers are thinking more out the value of their apple and pear chard a. We are a fruit eating peo le, taking oranges, bananas and figs om other countries, butiaooeof them re better in flavor or more wholesome ian the fruits that can be easily grown i the rocky hills of the South. Notice that where the ground & icked by tb.e horses turning at the Jge of the field the strongest wheat 1 grow. Were it not a slovenly way, would recommend that the cattle 3 turned into the field after seeding, 7hen the ground is dry, that they may the ground. At least this teaches B that we cannot work nor roll our di tso much. THE ALLIANCE IN GUILFORD. A Thorough Lecture System and How it is Conducted. Correspondence of the ProgreMlre Farmer. As I have not seen anything for some time in your valuable paper about the Alliance in Guilford, I thought that I would write you a few lines to let you know that the Alliance in old Guilford is not dead. The Alliance in Guilford is divided into "five districts. This is done so we may have a more thorough lecture system. Each district has its own lecturer, and all the subs, in that district meet together as often as they please. Your correspondent lives in the first district, and on the morning of, the 27th of December, when the timber was bending with a very heavy load of sleet, we drove thirteen miles to meetT with the District Alliance, which met with Oceola Sub Alliance. Oceola Sub Alliance is the banner Sub Alliance in Guilford county. It has never lost a member since its organization, but has kept up a steady increase in its membership. If every Sub Alliance in the State were as active and as full of life and energy and enthusiasm as this Sub Alliance is, North Carolina would carry the banner at the National Alli ance. On arriving at Oceola we found a goodly number of the brethren already on the ground, considering the inclem ency of the weather; and it has never been my pleasure to meet with a more enthusiastic set of Alliancemen than was there. The meeting was called to order by the President, Bro. Z. Christ man. The roll was called and all the Subs, in the district answered when their names were called except one. At thoK3 meetings we bring up dif ferent subjects for discussion. At this meeting the discussion was opened by Bro. Z. Christman, who made a short, pointed speech in behalf of the Alliance. He was followed by the Assistant Lec turer and Chaplain, both of them mak ing very timely and appropriate speeches for the upbuilding of our noble Order. Bros. Fields, Boone and others made short speeches on the educational fea ture of the Alliance. We also had very interesting talks on the cultia tion and growing of wheat, cowpeas, clover, grasses and so on. The Alliance, during the campaign of 1892. lost quite a number of its mem-1 bers in Guilford, but the actual strength of the organization is but little weak ened. The campaign of 1892 was noth ing more than a testing cruciable, which separated the pure silver from the dross. The brethren who are in our organization to day are those who went into it from principle, and not for the loaves and fishes that were in it. Those who did not vote as the bosses said, had it hurled at them that the Alliance had gone into politics. Those that put party abo e principle, left the Alliance. We have no fight to make with them for their difference of opin ion in politics. Men always have dif fered in their opinion in politics, and always will, as long as time lasts. We entertain the best of feeling toward them, and will at any time extend to them again the right hand of fellow ship in our noble Order. There is no better time than now to work to build up the Alliance. We have just passed through a very heated political campaign without even the smell of politics on our noble Order. Therefore it behooves every Alliance man, when he considers again the fact that there was an actual gain made of 30 per cent, all over ,the UniteckBtates, during the last election by the political party that endorsed the demands of this organization, to-bestir himself to double activity for the upbuilding of this organization. This is an age of progress; there is no such thing as standing still. , We have got to go to work to build up the Alli ance, or the brethren in the Old North State who have labored so zealously in behalf of the .Alliance are destined 'to see its destruction in the near future. It seems passing strange that the basil industry of the nation should be looked upon as of so little, and the people who till the soil as a class of little or no im portance at all, even by their own class. As long as this is true what can we expect of the farmers, did they exert the power of which they are capable! They would command more respect than all otber classes combined, and wield a greater influence for the good of all concerned. Now the ques tion may be asked as to the manner by which the farmers ma exercise this influence or power over the affairs of the nation. The answer must be that only by thorough organization can the end be accomplished ; organized, the farmers are a mighty power; standing alone, isolated from their fellows, they become ignorant, selfish and narrow in their nature of things, and can wield but little or no influence anywhere. By social contact in the Alliance, or any other farm organization, friendly ties are strengthened, brotherly love in creased, ideas are broadened, and the power for doing good enlarged. Then why not organize -to the extent of bringing into some one of the farmers' organizations every farmer and his family? D. A. Montgomery. OUR FINANCES. Something: Wrong With our Ficancisl System or Ourselves Which it It ? Correspondence of the Progressive Farmer. Hunters ville N. C. Need we compare the times or coij dition of the farmers now with the ter rible crisis in the business and financial world of 1857, to see upon what the farmers are standing and the enormous burdens that weights them down! Every day places one more burden, upon their tired bodies. Has the time come when the farmers or the fathar from which all general business is the offspring, shall be made to toil day in and day out for daily bread and then not get it! Many, yes, hundreds of once well to-do farmers are now bankrupt. The farmers, or I should say the general run of farmers, harn't enough provision to keep them through another season. What are they to do? Mortgage the crop that is to be made? That is all that they can do. They can't mortgage their farms, they are already mortgaged, not only their farms, but in many cases, their homes, horses, cattle, wagons, farm ing tools and in some cases their house hold furniture. So they go ahead and mortgage their crops, that hasn't been planted to get provisions to do them until gathering time. Harvest comes, they pick their cotton, which costs them from five to seven cents to raise and sell it for four and five cents. Next, with what money they de rive from their product, they pay over to the merchant, who holda mortgage for furnishing them with means to work their 6rops, but they soon find out that they can't pay the mort gage with all their four and five cent cotton, but leaves a balance to be car ried over until another crop can be made. Well, another crop is started, without means to run it; not only that, but the balance due for their last crop is a heavy ' burden they will have. to bear with the rest of their trials for the coming season. In common reasoning, is there any encouragement for the farmers -to be industrious or to spend money in cul tivating their land. No none whatever ; they are discouraged; in the broadest sense of the word, the cotton seed, which should gojback on the land, to enrich it, are being sold. Yes, every conceivable thing that can be raked up on the farms, that were once used to enrich and beautify them and give comfort to the f armer'sliome, that will bring a little cash, to buy the neces sary food and raiment to sustain them (without any comforts ) Can this last always? Something muwt be done to relieve the farmers. How does the condition of the farm era effect the merchants? The products derived from the tilling of the ground is the source or head from which the merchants are supported. Therefore, if the farmers sell their product and do not get what it cost them to raise it, how are they going to spend money with the merchants? How does it effect the cotton mills? It places cotton in their hands at an exceedingly low price, but they are deriving an enormous profit on their yarns and cloth. They also take ad vantage of the stringency of money and get labor very cheap. How does it effect our national banks? Well, it is enriching them First, the farmers have to mortgage their crops to the merchants for sup plies to work their crops. Second; the merchants have to borrow money from the banks (paying an enormous per cent, interest,) so they can meet their bills, during the. months the farmers are working their crops. How does it effect the daily laborer? The best terms I can use to express their condition is: it is the next thing to starvation with them as a body. It is not necessary to explain their con nection with, or how they are effected by the condition of our farmers, nor is it necessary to go on, farther and show who is getting poorer and who richer by the oppression of the farmers There is something wrong in our financial system or ourselvta which is it? S. E. Sossaiian. N. C. STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. At the last meeting of the State Horr ticultural Society, held at Raleigh, Oo) tober 25, 1894, a committee was ap pointed to memorialize the Governor and legislature upon THE WORK AND NEVDS OF THE STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. This Society was founded in 1879 by a number of the most prominent citi zens of North Carolina, who recognized the great natural advantages of our State for fruit and vegetable growing. The objects of the Society, fcts stated at its first meeting, were to encourage the development of our vast but unap preciated horticultural resources by 1. Disseminating trustworthy infor mation among our people as to the best varieties to plant and the best methods of caring for orchards, vineyards and gardens. ' 2 To secure cheaper rates and better methodsjof transportation to Northern markets, where the bulk of our produce is epld. 3 To endeavor to secure settlers for cur idle lands from among horticultur ists of less favored 8tates by furnishing reliable information in regard to our natural resources. All of these objects have been, in a considerable degree, attained, but not to the extent hoped for by the found ers of the Society, or that might have been attained had the Society been properly supported. The State Horticultural Society has been less successful than it should have been, becausa it has from the Begin ning suffered from a lack of funds necessary to carry on jis' legitimate work. Yet the present status of our horticulture is very different and very much in advance of what it ras fifteen years ago. It is indisputable that much of this advancement has been brought about by the public and private teach ing and influence of the State Horti cultural Society. The work of such a society is of a public nature and essentially for the public benefit. In States where horti culture is in an undeveloped condition, the work of such a society is wholly public in its scope and benefit. - The active membership of a horticultural society under such circumstances is necessarily small, because the interest and knowledge required to make hor ticulture successful are wanting. This Society assumed the responsibility of educating our own citizens to the value of the untouched mines of wealth at their doors, and of attracting to the State settlers who have the knowledge and capital requisite for carrying on this business. The result is, in the sp.te degree that the Society is enabled to carry on its work, the opening of new f.nd profitable lines of work to our own citizens; the attraction of new horticultural skill and capital to the State; the increased taxable value of lands; additional work for transporta tion companies; more labor for men, women and children, and the general ' spread of refinement, always found in communities devoted to horticultural pursuits. There is no State in the Union which has attained any prominence in com; mercial horticulture which has not an active State horticultural society, sup ported in part by funds appropriated from the public treasury. The State is the chief beneficiary of such work, and the expense of carrying on the work is too heavy for a small band of private citizens to permanently assume. . The amount of funds yearly granted for this nurpose varies in the different States from $500 in such horticulturally unpromising States as New Hampshire to $35,000 in California. The latter State has within ten years become the chief fruit growing Stats in the Union, in that State the lands which are adapted to fruit growing have, largely through the far seeing liberality of the public authorities and the well organ ized work of its horticultural societies, risen in ten years from $25 to $500 and $1,000 per- acre. Yet we have here in North Carolina lands as well adapted to growing decidious fruits apples, peaches, plums, pears, figs, etc as tne best lands in California. ' But our own people, and those of less favored States who are seeking new locations, are still largely ignorant of these re sources. Ohio grants to its State Hor ticultural Society $1,000 a year; Illi nois, $4 000; Indiana, $1,000; New Jer sey, $66; Rhode Island, $1,000; Maine, $1,(XX ; Kansas, $1,450; Nebraska, $2, 000; Missouri, $2,500; Oregon, $3,500. In addition to these sums most States print the annual report of their horti cultural societies free of cost. The North Carolina State Horticul tural Society has depended hitherto on private subscriptions and the receipts of its Fair to carry on its worlr. O wr ing partly to the general Repression of the agricultural and horticultural in terests, and partly to the succession of three poor fruit years, the Society has wholly failed in this income, which in the most favorable years was insuffi cient. It now has an empty-treasury, with no available funds to publish its annual report for the year just closed, or for carrying on its ordinary work for tb42resent year. This Society has never received std" from the public treasury, except that the Board of Agriculture donated $500 with which to pay the premiums of the Fruit Fair, held at Faj'Btteville in 1886. All that has been done by this Society has been at the cost of a few men who, from State pride and love of horticulture, Have freely and without price contributed their time, knowl edge and money. North Carolina is too great a State, its horticultural resources are too vast, the interests of its citizens are too closely concerned, to longer suffer the progress of this work to be hindered by lack of funds, considering that the work is of immediate usefulness, and can repay to ihe State more than 100 per cent, per annum on ihe money so invested. The Horticultural Society asks the State to aid its work for the next two years as follows: ' 1. The printing at the public expense of the Society's annual report, includ ing the repart for 1894, now ready but unpublished for lack of funds 2 The appropriation of $500 per an num for office expenses, postage, and a small salary for the Secretary, upon whom devolves the work of editing its publications and carrying on its cor respondence. The names of the committee for the Horticultural Society is a guarantee should the aid be granted, it will be judiciously and economically admin istered, so as to return to the State a manifold increase. The committee are : J. Van Lindlet, President, Pomona, N. C. Gerald McCarthy,. Secretary, Raleigh. C, B. Edwards, S, W. Whiting. In accordance with the foregoing pe tition, Senator Mewborne has intro duced a bill granting $500 a year for ten years to aid the work of the State Horticultural Society. This is a mat ter in which all sections of the State are interested without regard to party politics. It is to be hoped" that this bill will meet with no obstruction to its passaged , CREAM OF THE FUNNY PAPERS. Minister : 'JSo you say that you eaw some boys out fishing, Sunday, Bob bie? I hope you did somothiDg to dis courage them." Bobbie: 4Oh, yes, sir. I stole their bait." Harlem Life. Teacher: 'Now, Willie, if your mamma promised you 10 cents and your papa 15 cents, how many would you have together?" Willie: "The 10 cents mamma promised me." Chicago Inter- Ocean. Mrs. De Fashion: My dear, I have picked out a husband for you. Miss De Fashion Very well, but I want to say right now, mother, that when it cornea to buying the wedding dress I am going to select the materials my self. Harlem Life. Farmer: Why do you wear a blue tie? Dude: To match my eyes. Farmer : Then you ought to wear a soft hat to match your head. Ameri can Agriculturist. "Wimmin," said Mr. Grogan, 'is moighty similar in wan way." wat s thotf" inquired Mr. Hogan. "An "No matter hqjy many av thim you get ac quaintedwid, they're all alike in bein' different wan from another." Indian apolis Journal. "Name soma of the qualifications for a United States senator," said a professor to a young man who was.be- ing examined for admission to college. "He must be SO years of age, be above 16 Dutch standard, and be able to stand the polariscope," replied the applicant. He got marked 100. Pittsburgh Chronicle. "My good man," said the severe lady, "hve you ever stopped to think how much money-is wasted each year for tobacco and rum?" "No, mum, I hain't," answered the object; "it's takin' all my time just now to figger out how many poor families could be suDDorted off the price of the extra clotn women puts in their sleeves." CREAM OF THE PRESS. Hard Hits, Bold Sayings and Patriotic Paragraphs from Reform Papers TThey are Worth the Price cf One Paper a Whole Year. The money power has the utmost confidence in John Sherman, So has the devil. Chicago Sentinel. The Ha vemeyers are in politics purely for business but of course the bankers ar in it for the good of the people. -Labor Advocate. It is easier to keep up with the world while it is moviDg than it is to try and catch up with it after it has got ahead of you. Western Plowman. - Funny that the greenback never did . any harm till Uncle Sam began to spend $100,000 000, a year more than his income. New York Voice. It is reported that a tooth pick fac tory has lately suspended owing large ly to the fact that most people are liv- ing on soup these days. Emporia Times. Please overcome that political pre ju dice that you have been nursing. Iti3 ruining you and your neighbors and destroying your government. People's Tribune. Should a country where the manu facturers live in luxury, while the laborers are forced to the verge of starvation, be called a great commer cial nation? TularetCal; News. If the times are too hard to enable you to hoard dollars, try getting and hoarding knowledge and it will help you to get dollars when the good times come again. Western Plowman. Our domestic commeree is one hun dred and twenty times the amount of foreign commerce. Which should an American statesman legislate to pre serve and advance? BrocTct on Dia mond. . During the past two months nearly $35,000,000 of gold has come to Europe, and now President Cleveland is going to issue 4k per cent, bonds running thirty years to get it back. National Watchman. Stamp it in indellible letters as an immortal truth that not in all history can there be cited a case where full legal tender paper money issued by a living government ever depreciated. Famur and Miner. Nothing would please the railway, managers more than to see a fight to death between the1 organizations com posed of railway employees. Yet there , are railway employees trying to bring on just that sort of a fight. Holt on Tribune. The Pullman Company declares that it lost $1,700,060 last year, but it paid dividends, all the same. The Pullman Co. is the most fortunate unfortunate, and the most delightfully prosperous budding bankrupt that we ever knew. Farmers'1 Voice. It is strange how much people do suffer before learning. They seem de termined on becoming the slaves of the money power. We know this is not their intention, but it is what will be the result if they do not get their eyca open in time. Rural Banner. The farmers of Minnesota in conven tion passed the following very sensible' resolution: "That the government of the United States is under the game ob- ligation to supply the people with cur- - -i. 2 a. S 1 . rency as it is to supply them with post age stamps." Western Watchman. Fertilizers are not as truly plant food as stable manure or clover. Harm h3 been doney teaching that they are.Tho chemistry is all right, but the bacteri ology is an unexplored field. Thero who use fertilizers do not always git their money back. JJnlesa you feed so well that ycur stock makes a constant gain, you aro losing your feed, at least, and probable something more. Keep your eye cvzn " all the time to note any possible loci cf appetite, as that will quickly be fol lowed by; a loss of flesh. Clover rootlets will penetrate c.n-1 loosen the subsoil, while they are fur nishing a large quantity of valus material for forage and for fertilir r. If it is desired to subsoil a field at f - least possible expense, get it to pro ducing a good crop of clover. With cood soil and unrfnr ditions flax should be grown in aim: i any latitude of our conn trv p? , ml t-. one tune it was an industry cf p -Its culture for fibre ehnnlri vt , greater interest. Use the very, tent land, and on it do not attpmnt r-Zi crop of the same. Harvest and thrc !i " y wving im straw intact. - i'1.
The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
March 5, 1895, edition 1
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