THE PROGRESSIVE FARIIEE: AUGUST 20, 1895. 8 THE DAIKY. PROFITABLE DAIRYING. Editors of the American Cultivator: The lack of positive knowledge con cerning dairying causes more failures than anything else. Dairying properly conducted by experienced men is proflt able, ifgreat many assume that some land, and a certain number of cows, will make a farmer independent in the dairy business. Bat these are only the raw material of the industry and how to handle them is never learned by some. Too much land is a lc s i to s )me dairy men, and it is causing heavier burdens than they can stand to be thrown upon their backs. They are probably pay ing interest or rent upon land that they do not need and cannot properly culti vate. Either the land should be de creased in acreage or the herd of cows increased. One cow to the acre should be aimed for. If that amount of land will not support the herd there is some thing radically wrong in the system. Now to make this a go the farmer must rely on rotation. Plenty of clover hay, cow peas, ca's. Eucculent corn and en silage are absolutely ncc s?ary for sue cess. Keep up the fertility of the s:il with clover and grasses, and raise the peas, oats and corn solely for stock feed. Do lejs summer dairying at d more winter. The overproduction of sum mer butter and cheese increases every season, and those who supply the trade make a very narrow margin of profits. A warm barn, good water, good feed, and good sense will make winter dairy ing more successful than summer. Devote some of the time and labor now spent in summer dairying to the rais ing, storing and preparing focd for winter feeding. The results will jcs'iify -you in this work. Instead of non pro ducing cows through the winter, you will have profitable producers, bring ing in more actual profits than the summer cows. Food is cheap in sum mer, but it can be made cheap in win ter, too. Batter is very cheap in sum mer and high in winter. Make the winter feeding cheap, and then the high prices for butter in winter will turn the balance of the ledger in the right direction. Do not trust any cow that c mes along, but test her abilities thoroughly and weed her out of the herd if she does not c )me up to the standard. Good cows produce more for the food given then than the inferior onea This does not mean pedigreed cows, necessarily, but well-bred atimals whose record for producing milk and cream are well knowD. Butter cheese and butter should be made. Special attention should be given to the study of scientific cheese and butter making. Many Canadians are outS2lIing us in the foreign markets because of our half ekim policy of cheese making. Canadian cheese is also entering into direct competition with American cheese in all of the cities of the United States. On the whole, the so called part ekims, espe cially the under grades, do not pay but a narrow margin of profits, and some times none at all, while they give American cheese a bad name at home and abroad. When part ekims are selling for li and two cents per pound in the market where is the profit for the manufacturer? This kind of work should be abandoned and better cheese and butter be turned out on our dairy farms. Second and third grade butter likewise hardly pays the producer any profit. Better material, more c ire and a better knowledge of dairy methods will enable the producer to realize a great deal more per pound for his product than he does now. A good growth of rye plowed under makes a most excellent fertilizer for corn. Among the things to recom mend it is that it is a cheap fertilizer; it does not cost all the succeeding crop is worth to sufficiently enrich it. LIVE STOCK. WHAT A CHANGE WILL DO. Any cow, especially one that i3 very highly bred, is a creature of habit, and very sensitive; anything that disturbs that habitude does so at the expense of production. To demonstrate in a prac tical way the effect of a change in hab itude, I would mention that I received letters from Jersey breeders during the progress of the ninety days' test, who had cowa that were then d ring better than those at Chicago, and who thought they would be desirable arq iisitions to our herd. At my suggestion, they brought these cows at home to as ap proximately near a condition as the cows would be in at Chicago, for the purpose of seeing how far they would, in the changed condition, stand up to the work they were then doing. Tney isolated the cows from the rest of the herd for a period of a week, the same man attending to them and milking iuem,anaat the end of the week be vc IOr another week. During IT, X , 8. they "ere to be fed any v"Cr vow was in June and July) ond anv feed the owner thought would attain the best results. There were six cows so treated, and of these but one retained the flow of milk and butter production of the preceding few weeks She was not an extremely heavy pro ducer, not exceeding what some other cows were then doing at Chicago. But all other cows decreased in flow from twenty to thirty per cent., and in per centage of butter fat at least one per cent. This would be about the same proportion which the actual work of most of the cows at Chicago bore to the home production, as reported by the owners. There were cows in the herd that not only yielded as much as they had done at home, but exceeded. But if the same care, thought and at tention were given to them as wa3 given at home, I am satisfied that, un der normal condition, with home sur roundings, the cows that were at Chi cago could increase their production under favorable conditions at least twenty to twenty five cent, over their work done there. This is not my own opinion alone, but is shared in by the chairman of the testing cemmittee with whom I conversed. V. E Fuller. SHEEP AFTER HARVEST. No species of stock will pay better return when turned on the stubble field 8 after harvest than sheep, says the Iowa Homestead. They will not only clean up all waste grains left by the harvesters, but will eat all the young weed 3 and grass as well, and will prevent the weeds from going to seed and scattering trouble all over the farm. They will also distribute fertil ity upon the land and if kept in this way there will be an appreciable gain in the flock from feed that would other wise have been lost. This feed would not only be lost to the flockmaster, but the noxious weeds that would spring up in the fields,, without the sheep, would make the loss greater than that of the gleanings of the harvest merely. It may oocur to the reader that some other stock will answer this purpose as well, but there is nothing that fills the bill in these respects like the sheep Swine may get all the wheat and now and then eat a hog we el or some purs lane, but the sheep will take a clean swath, apparently unconscious of the taste, and animated only with a des're to clean up everything in its path. The value of the clover field is largely lost when pastured too late in the fall or too early in the spring. It is a gocd iule never to turn on clover after frost, nor until it begins to show heads form ing. Thus treated, it will make a much heavier growth of roots and taps I?QTJXr.RY YABD CANKER IN CHICKS. Canker of the throat in chicks is often mistaken for gapes, says Farm Journal. The characteristic yellow sores sometimes close up the mouth of the windpipe and cause the birds to gasp for breath. If an attempt be made to extract gape wcrrr s from a chick so affected it id likely to die in the operation. A drop of peroxide of hydrogen applied with a pippet syringe or dropper to the sores may give speedy relief. Old fowls and pigeons are also frequently effected by canker. Sick birds should be removed at once from the fl ,'ck, and all water vessels cleaned out, scalded and coated with lime wash, and all food should be supplied in clean vessels. Give homeo pathic mercurus vivus or nitric acid in drinking water. CHOLERA AND ITS PREVENTION. In April, 1893, a hen at the North Carolina Experiment Station showed symptoms of cholera. She was dump ish, with dark comb, and refused foe d Epsom salts were administered and this was followed with copious water ing put in the mouth with a spoon, fhe hen was placed in a warm, sunny placp, isolated from ujual rues, and recovered very slowly. Another hen died in a few days and then another and a cockerel. Tae htn and cockerel died near night, and n xt morniDgtwo other hen?, were dead and eight more were sick. The six were brought out in the sunlight and given salt and waier. Treatment was bezun at once. Two hens were killed and buried. The bouse and yard we:e thoroughly disin teu wunonopmtof strong sulphuric acid to eight gallons of water. The nens tnemselvea were sprayed with this. Their drinking water charged with carbolic acid (one teaspoonful to half a gallon cf water) and assafoetfda was put in their food at the rate of one heaping tablespoon to the food of 30 chickens. The next morning six hens could not get off the roost, though all but two had gone up, as usual, the night previous and after their treat ment. These were treated as before and put outside of the yard. Before night all but four hens were walking about picking grass. After three days days of isolation these four were re turned to the yard cured. Sx hens and a cockerel were lost before the health of the fl ck was restored by the treatment as given above. Had we known the disease at first, says the Station, it is doubtful if a single bird need to have been lost. Promptness to disinfect and treat the sick birds will save many lossr s. The doses of salts, not recommended to our knowledge, doubtless helped to rid the birds of the cholera bacilli sooner than if it had not been given, and so hastened the eradi cation of the dis?ase. The assafoetida acts as a diffusible stimulant to help keep the birds warm. The drinking water was for some days kept charged with carbolic acid, and all that is then needed to secure immunity from an other attack is a second thorough dis infection and to continue for some time the addition of carbolic acii to the drinking water . Not one farmer in five hundred keeps a satisfactory system of books. He does not know just how he stands this year as compared with last. There should be a strict account of income and expenses, and an inventory every year, and kept as conscientiously as does the merchant his. A CORRECTION. Correspondence of the Progressive Farmer. WlHTEVILLE N. C. We call attention to a mistake in the resolution from Columbus County Allianca. In reading "not"' before eligible on 5th page. Our prominent betrayers have been members are eligible; our demands are more secure in the hands of some judges, solictors and those to the mannor born and we can make them at least equal. My efloit to consolidate Concord and Pleasant Hill Alliances resulted in 16 true and tried members and three new applications ; the name of Peacock Alii area was elected. "Tnere is no abate ment in the principles. Next county meeting at this place with public din ner. J F. Harrell WATCH US DO 'EM UP. Correspondence of the Progressive Farmer. Sourn Creek, N. C. Seeing the Rev. J. O. Alderman's eer mon on "Justice" in The Progressive Farmer, it causes one to wonder if the same species of rascality was partici pated in all over the State. Then if one will only r flx:t how we left them in the face of all the fraud and corrup tion that was committed, it will give us a faint idea of what we are going to do for them with an honest election law a- we now have. I am only ac quainted in a small degree with what was done in Beaufort, Pamlico, Craven and Pitt, and it locks like enough was doue in those four counties to forever damn any party in the eyes of the hon est voters who would participate in such outrages as not allowing the elect ed c fficers to bond when they eff red better bonds than those who were a ready holding siid offices. But wo need not expect any better when busi ness men can own their owi Justices of the Peace, and keep them in their employment to try causes of action be tween them and their slaves; who can appoint their own school committee to employ their pets to take the public schools, in the face of a strong petition from the majority of the patrons of the school asking that certain of their neighbors should be appointed who would consult the interests of the pat rons in regard to the teacher employed, also as to the time the school should be taught. I had the p'eisure of attending the annual Sunday School picnic at Merritt, in Pamlico county, last Thursday the 1st day of August: It was one of the largest gatherings of eiple it has been my fortune to be with in a long time. The table, if it could, would .have groaned under the weight of good things placed thereon. If anybody came away without satisfying the inner man, I can positively say that I know they did it just to have something to talk about, for there was any quantity of vituls left after all had eaten, -f catftruly say that, had I not bean almost sick with a bad cold, I never enjoyed myself better in my life. The hearty handshakes of dear friends was almost enough to cure me, and did do me a great deal of good. Now, I want to say a word or two in regard to The Progressive Farmer, and I am done. It is our paper and has done more to take us from under financial and political bondage than every p?per in the S;ate combined, and I think it the duty of e-very laboring man in the State, yes, in the United States to take it, acd let's help polish the weapon that is so bravely Cghtirjg our battles. It is already a power in the land, and we, by holding up its hands, can make it ten. yes, a hundred times more powerful. I noticed in a recent issue B II Tyson gives his ida of keeping sweet potatoes. If it will not be out of the way, I will give mine, which is cheap and effectual. I take posts 8 inches square and board with rough boards, inside and out, making eight inches be- t.Wpfin. which I fill with sawdust, hav- I ing the room about eight feet square inside I make a ventilator out of 8 inch boards and let it go across the bottcm of the flxr from east to west, and from centre of same through the top. Fill same with 1 inch auger holes. I put two small doors in south side. Hang one on the inside and the other on the outs de. I rarely ever have to usa the inside door. I use the ground as a floor, and put eiough straw on tame to give potatoes a good bed. Use no straw around or over the pota toes, and leave top and door open. When I first put in potatoes, until they are cured quit sweating I have saw dust in readiness, and if it comes cold I place top close over tht m and put a good coat of sawdust on. Of course I have a tight roof over them. R H Lane. S )il in its natural 1 1 ite is more apt to crack and dries out much sooner th&n soil that he s been stirred with an im plement. Stirring the soil givf s it a more unform texture, and makes it more receptive and retentive of mois ture Thorough cultivation enables the soil to hold more water and feed more roots. Vacuum Leather Oil May as well know it. Get a can at a harness- or shoe-store, 25c a half-pint to $i.2$ a gallon ; book " How to Take Care of Leather," and swob, both free ; "Use enough to find out ; if you don't like it, take the can back and get the whole of your money. Sold only in cans, to make su-e of fair dealing everywhere handy cans. Best oil for farm ma chinery al-o. If you can't find it, write to VACUUM OIL COMPANY, Rochester. X.Y. Lands Wanted. Large and small farms mineral lands, water powe s aid otoer real e3 ata property. We will also sell, lease or rt city property, make coi tions, examine titles, survey and p'at land. Adress, D . . FORT & CO., ilffJ2 Real Et-tate Agents. Kaleigh. N. C. FERTILIZE t rAMAkirAI IV m 1 J I 1 I V I 1 s 1 L L I o PROFITABLY AND E FFCCTI V ELY BY THE USE OF NITRATE OF SODA Nearly all fertilizers are ineffective because thev contain too little nitrogen ("ammo nia') and this little in an insoluble form. Add a little sitrate of soda to these and the result will be antonishinp. A nAIJmUl CT CDCC telling how a n rnmi iiul 1 ti-u. a jv Ifc to nsfi nitrate and how to buy and use fer- ; 1 H rHifirnLci nitu Utilizers most economically. Address g S. M. Harris, Moreton Farm (P. 0.), New York, D.IRBO T - UMbTt. Best Combination Bit Severe or Easy, as you whdT it. Parrv.le in tiled, XC &UX) Nickle 150 mm MALLSA3L5 fflOH CO., Rw.'r POSITIONS GUARANTEED under reasonable conditions. Do not say it can not be doue, till you send for free catalogue of DRAUGHON'S PRACTICAL Xaslivllle, Teun. This College is strongly endorsed by bankers and merchants. FOUR weeks by Dfaughon's method of teaching bookkeeping is equal to TWELVE weeks by the old plan. Special ad vantages in Shorthand, Penmanship and Teleg raph'. Cheap board. Open to both sexes. No vacation. Knter now. Railroad Fare Paid. TJAUT7 CTTTTW We have recently prepared nUilllj OlUUl. books on Bookkeeping, Shorthand and Penmanship especially adapt ed to " home study." Write for " Home Study " circulars at once. START0WN NURSERY, M. A Thorn eburg & Co., Newton, Catawba, Co , N. C. 2 3 a r. o v a. -5 STRAWBERRY PLANT3 Set out and waiered by tbe McSherry Automatic Transplanter, Grow better than those set by hand. Ge' a ma chine and set (.ut piants tor your i eighbois who are not so wide awake Easy Tfims. on can earn enough in one season to pay lor it. N rite tOU SOUTHERN FARM IMPLEMENT CO., 249 Meeting Street ' htrlest n, s. C. (Mention this paper.) rOSELEY'S CREAMERY. SOLD ON MERIT. Send for Special Introduc tory Offer. FREIGHT PAID Sf 03. KOSELEY & PftiTCHARD ianufacturlng Co., Clinton, . . laws 7 A $1 Magazine for 30 Cts. Send 30 cents and names of six people who might subscribe, and we will send yon. The St Louis Magazine & ttill year. The price of the magazine is $1 a year A sample copv and Aluminum Charm (dime size- with the Lord's Prayer coined in tmaliest characters, snt for 10 cents, silver or stamps. o free copies so don't send postals ST. LOUIS MAGAZINE, I 2819 Olive St., St, Louis, Mo. 1 o .S wsr- -v ,-ivifU ,ta 9 3 Ull-lll... II. II ll.lll.il . I WW- x ut uLtuicnc in a coia pan cately brown a bit of bread g your food. It will pay you vici. mo geuuiuu soul everywnere m one, "Cottolene" and -.-r's head in cotton-plant m THE N. K. FA i tl Illlfilll I Li UKUJ '.7 I .-'' """ill if i I I u U j IBANK COMPANY, L. A c"l?J VETEBIf JflBV- 6011 The most successful college on this continent. For fall particulars address thp JOS. lll'tJUESj, 31. It. C. V. S., 2537-2530 State st , 2"' - '"-"eo,TL Wanted. A position as teacher, by ayonng lady who is a graduate of one of the leading colleges i t the State Can furnish good references. Please address Miss F. H., Raleigh, N. C. Do You Want a Teacher? We will place you in correspondence with good ones, free of charge. Chas J. Parker, Mangr. Teachers' Aid Association, (1713) Raleigh, N. C. Eggsl How to preserve them six months in a sound and marketable condition. Dry process hut little labor and experse. A rew method, b which they can be sold for 31 cents per dozen Right-and full particulars, $2. J. B STUART, (1697) 20 Summer St., Melrose, Mas3. Free Silver Bound to Win. Twenty dollars buys a Cutaway Harrow. Twenty-five dollars buys a Srick B dy Buggy Thirty-six dollars and ninety cents buys t Co ning or Piano Box Bnggy. Buggy Harness from $5 up. Write for cata logue. Prices are 1 or goo 's f. o. b at C, C. I'uWSSEND & CO.'S, (1G98) Burlirgton, N. C. A New Southern Journal. Every number of the Southern Real Eatati Gazette, published monthly ot 128 Main street Norfolk, Va., contains mucb information ot valuM to the prospective Southern investor It pub ishts letters from Northerners who have s ttled in the Southern country. Every person interested in Southern inv stments or securities or vi ho is contemplating a visit South should suscrire, the low price, 25 cents a year, placing it iu easy reach of alL ? M P Y EVAPORATOR J U U kD L U THE ZIMMERMAN u h m w m m Thc standard Machine Different ilzet nd prices. Illustrated Catalogue free. l"U LMK IBOM WORKS CO Cincinnati O Southern Railroad Company. Richmond and Danville and North Care Una Divisions. In Effect Muy 9Ub, 18J5 TRAINS LEAVE RALEIGH, N. C: 5:1 5 r Ually for Durham, Oxford, fclenae. A- M. son, Buffalo Lithia Springs. Greent- boro, Winston Salem, Sallsburj Hickory, Asheville and Westen North Carolina points: Chariot t and all Florida r)oints: Atlanta. Bir 4:10 j mingham, Memphis, Ntw Orlean P. M. 1 and all points South and Southwest Daily. I Danville, Richmond, Lynchburg Washington and all points rvorth Pullman sleeping car from Raleigh t' Greensboro on train leaving at 4:10 1:10 For Selma, Goldsboro, Fayettevillt P. M. j Wilmington, Morehead City, Nev Daily. Berne and all points in aasteri I North Carolina. 8Ai5 A. M. Daily Except Sunday. For Selma, Goldsboro, Wilson. Tv boro and all Eastern Carolina point TRAINS ARRIVE AT RALEIGH 7:30 f A. M. I Daily. l:-0 n. m. From Grfcensboro North and South. and all point Daily. 4:10 P. at. Dailv. 10.15 P.M. From Goldsboro. ex. sun. PASSENGERS LEAVING RALEIGH AT nC5 a.m. mak close connection at Green boro for all points North and South also for all Western North Carol in; points, arriving in Asheville 3 52 r m.t and Charlotte 11:40 a. m. Doubl daily trains between Raleigh, Char lotte and Atlanta. No. 12, leaving Greensboro at 1:33 a. in., ar riving at Raleigh at 7:30 a. m., carries a sleeping car No. 35, leavirg Raleigh at 4:l'l p. m., also carries a sleeping car. All trains leaving Ral eigh for Greensboro connect there with fast thiough trains for the North and South, in eluding two limited vestibules each way. Through tickets on tale at principal stations to all points. For rates or information, apply to any agent of the Company, or to J. S. B. THOMPSON, Supt. JJirst Division, Dan- W. B. RYDER, Sapt. Second Division, Char lotte, N C. W. H GREEN1, W. A. TURK, Ge7i'l Mang'r (E'st'n Sys'm), Gen'l Pass. Agt. Washington. J. i . Washington. I) r BAOE Institute for Young L&ii EALEIGH, 3ST- -Advanced, thorough, select. Particular attention to advanced Art Regular Conservatory of Music directors from Leipaic a:;i Boston. Send for new illustrated catalogue to JAS. SIMMS, H. 1, Jniversity of Yirpa, F! USE F TJ L BO O KS. THE SECRETARY-TOEASURER HAS SEVERAL USEFUL BOOKS H SHOULD BE IN EVERY SUB-LODGE. THE NAMES Secretin Poll pvN? ICES AS FOLLOWS : ir . Kfoi tthV y arranged-newkind :Z Secretary's Receipt Book, for dues, with ub '.'.'''.'.',','.'.'. 25 Secretary's Warrant Book, with stub. . . 10 Treasurer's Receipt Book, with stub ... ' 1 Secretary's Account Book 15 Treasurer's Account Book . . . i 5 Minute Book, new kind Working Bulletins. (per dozen) State Constitutions, Rituals, National Constitutions, Application Blanks, (I (in pads) jJimiL islands, Withdrawal Cards, (4 it Delegate Credentials, Fraternally, SecV iSIBliilP 1 A id 1 neat it siowiy until it will c in half a minute. Then r:1" to try Cottolene just this wav tnree, ana nve pound tins with trr , wreath on every tin. " -"fks ST. LOUIS . ...1 a l-, Wants. WANTED Every man who hWi f to adve:tise in The Progressive Farler W A NTED E very man who rai, v, , horses, cattle, hogs or ehk k :iv i',; V'00 them in The Progressive Farmer" huvU. WANT,in-smT)i.Tiiifoph,., .i , in North Carolina to advertise !!f 5ns,i:! dustries in The ProsrrH8siv tru a"si , .J.I.C.tDRMNQ Bit nas THE BIT OF BITS Sule Grculvr Than Eer' Sample maiW XC ftr A ' Nickel. SI. 50. S .Df Stallion Bits 50cts.etr. RACINE MALLEABLE IRON CO,, RA1 Lodge Weekly Publishing Co, PROPRIETORS 0F The Lodge Weekly, An Eight-Page fraternal journal, devoid Masonry, Odd Fellows and Knights of pytt Official organ of the Urand Lolfee I o 0 We are prepared to do all kinds of , i Commercial Jab P inting. Sei d to r.s nrn mates By-Laws. Constitutions, ami sb Catalogues a specialty. Good work and I prices, uive us a iriai oraer. Aaartsb: Loigs WceKy FnMng Coapaj, Raleigh, N. C Another Vcnderful Cure Ever since my "calfhood" I had l,.-?n i trouble, inherited a tendency to 'lrc::k;r out." After a severe attack I have of'i heen confined to the stable forweek. A.: a. T 1 J J j - t r . . iruuuieu wiin a ringing sensaiion in uv no-.i and a feeling asif stuck with iitrbfn.:!s !: angry men. I was threatened with "H'ocn treatment," but a friend recommended FU tlcfty as compounded by the Page uiy Wire Fence Co.. Adrian. Mirj. c.;c del worked a complete cure, and I can fTtei, recommend it in all similar cu'-s. Yours truly, Durham Lull. LAST NOTICE! County Officers, Attentioi You muet have ioxajstik: books Send yonr orders to BxRNTE3 BROS , RALEIGH, N. For anything in the way of Blank Books or Priiuing. They will wait on yon promptly, cive : flrst-clas9 work, ana at saticiaciorj pi ice. References: The Progressive Faruitr, W Worth, Alliance Eusinets Agem y. '1 50 cents a year, for a limited number is the price of the Rational Watchman, The Leading Reform Jounu', Published at the National Capital It is a neatly-printed sixuen page journal, and snou.J e read by every reformer. Sample Copies Sent on AtpiW" NATIONAL WATCHMAN, WASHINGTON, D-C 2.1 .... . ' 2 J J 50 50 W. S. BARNES, Treas. N.C.F.8. A, Raleigh, H- PATENTED I W 7

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