Newspapers / The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, … / Oct. 15, 1895, edition 1 / Page 1
Part of The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, N.C.) / About this page
This page has errors
The date, title, or page description is wrong
This page has harmful content
This page contains sensitive or offensive material
PROGRESSIVE MIERJ Largest Ciicula tion of any Paper in the South At lantic States. plant Your Ad vertisement in Rich Soil. THE INDUSTRIAL AND EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS OF OUR PEOPLE PARAMOUNT TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS OF STATE POLICY RALEIGH, N. 0,, OCTOBER 15, 1895. Vol. 10. No. 36 I TBB NATIONAL FARMERS' ALLI ANCE AND INDUSTRIAL UNION. president J. F. Willetts, Topeka, Kan. Vi"e President II. C. Saavely, Leb riwry-Trcasurer-Ool. D. P. Dun &n. Columbia, S. C. EXECUTIVE BOARD. H. L. Loucks, Huron, S. D. ; Mann pacre Brandon, Virginia; I. E. Dean, Hoa'ove Falls, New York; H. C. Dem ming, Secretary. Harrisburg, Pennsyl vania; Marion Butler, Raleigh, N. C. JUDICIARY, il. A. Southworth, Denver. Colo. W. Beck, Alabama, y. D. Davie, Kentucky. 1 'JRI'LI CAROLINA FAIlMSRH" sT&TS ALU ANOE. irpflirint Dr. Cyru.i Thompson, Rich lauds, C. v'ic - resident J no. Graham,Ridge vray, N. O. ,T. . b -: rotary-Treasurer . J. barney L-rturer-J. T. B. Hoover, -Urn City, N C 'otewurd Dr. V. N. Seawe'l, Villa DChapiain-Rev. P. H. Massey, Dur ham. C. Door keeper Geo. T. Lane, Greens- b ,ro, . O. Assistant Door-keeper Jaa. Lyon, Durham. N. C. Servant -at Arma-A D. K. Wallace, Rutherfor ;ton, in. atace Business Agent T. Ivey, Trustee Business Agency Fund W. A. Graham, Machpelah, N. C. aXEOwTIVB COMMITTEE OF THE NORTH CAHOUSA FARMERS BTATZ AIXIANCK. A. F. Hileman, xwcord, N. G. ; N. C. Engli-h, Trinity, N. C. ; James M. Mewborne, Kins on, N. C. STATE ALLIANCE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE. John Graham, Gatesville, N. C. ; Dr. J. Harrell. White-vilie, N. C. ; T. J. Candler, Acton, N. C. Tti- Carolina Reform Press Association. JirersJ. L. Ramsey, President; -:;ori Butler, Vice-President ; W. S. -i-es, Secretary, PAPERS. fMVwAve Farmer. State Organ, Raleiffh. N. C. L'aucasiaa, y. T .ry, 0-.r Home. The Populist, Tie Pfoi le's Paper, The Vt-ptibnle, Tht I'lo A-Koy Or Una Watch man. Hickory, N. C. Whltakers, N. C. Beaver Dam. N. C. Lumberton, N. C. Charlotte, N. C. Concord, N. O. Wudet-boro. N. C. fca iabury, N. C. :Ach of the above-named papers are rtieated to keep the lif t siariding on f.mr vagc and add others, provided ar e duly elected. Any paper fail nj io advocate the Ocala platform will dropied from the list promptly. Our people can now see what papers arc :!?kcti in their interest. AGRICULTURE. Spinach likes a rich sandy loam and h a rauk feeder. G )od crops can be grown on mrdium sandy land by using su- h fertilizers as blood and bone, fish or 1 ruvian guano. Tne firpt thirg to be learned in the live stock business is that it ccs's just muen to raise and keep a poor ani m il as it does a good one. When farm ers are convinced of this fact it is not long until his place is stocked with pure bred anima's of some kind. In the early fall is the best time to apply manure to fruit trets, th&t it may get the benefit of the fall rains, which wesh its soluble parts into the soil. This starts an early growth in the spring. It is not beet that the mo-t luxuriant growth bo made while the fruit is maturi g. It is bstter farming to grow pigs on gr;vs than on grain. R jots and clover hay in the winter will greatly reduce the cost of keeping them, and th?y ruuat be kept growing through that season it we would have them in con dition to quickly fatten for the spring market; not fat, but growing. lnere is naraiy a cneaper way of l- lL. A. ". 1 it growing porK mau to auow me pis the run of a good clover field, giving a po.-d daily slop feed in addition, a id breed farrowed in April, under th rxd treatment, will maintain a gro which will fit them for market in good on in the fall or early winter. Kxperimmt with cotton seed and (' -: jn seed meal shows that by soaking in water until fermented, and the fermentation over, hogs have no trouble resulting from eating it. It is rich in nutriment and fattening qualities, but feeder have been discouraged by the attendant dangers. Hogs eat it heartily. Pruning is something deferred ULtil trees are in leaf, to avoid "bleeding." Harm seldom follows this practice, but it is well to remember that it ia always a check to vitality and vigor. There are various varieties of young apples 'hich are better for being pruned hile in leaf. Wood growth renders them slow in bearing, on good soil. WEEKLY WEATHER CROP BUL LETIN For the Week Ending Monday, Oct 5, 1895. Central Office, Raleigh, N. C. The reports of correspondents of the Weekly Weather Crop Bulletin, issued by the North Carolina State Weather Service, for the week ending Saturday, Oct. 5, 1895, indicate a very unfavor able week. The temperature was con siderably below the normal, with frcsts on thr e mornings, damaging tobacco and other crops considerably. Drought continues to prevail; practically no rain having fallen auy where. Cotton is a very poor crop, is nearly all open, and will bo all gathered much earlier than usual. All late crops have been injur d by the drought, and turnips are nearly ruin d. G-it hexing c rn is under way. but fall plowing continues at a standstill. Eastern District Tha past week has been very cool and dry, with more than usual amount of sunshine. Frosts occurred on the mor ings of the Is1: and 2nd. Tne drought continues una bited, injuring peas, potatoes and tur nips, ana killing young berry plants. Wei's and streauus are low, and some mills have stopped running. Cotton, which has opened very rapidly ar d is a poor crop, will probably all be out by tho end of October Crn was beyond possibility of injury and is being house J. Peanuts being stacked. R ce crop is fair. Second crop of frish po tatoes poor. Very little planting and no fall plowing has been done. Central District. A dry and very cool week, with frosts on several dajs, which damaged immature pea vim s and killed considerable tobacco wbich was uncut and some late corn. High north to northerns winds prevailed; weather clear and dusty. Cotton will be picked out very rapidly. Tno yield of sweet potatoes is not good. G ither ing corn and making molassr s are the chief work of the farmers at prepent, as long as fall plowing is impossible. No rain fell anywhere during tho week; mills cn small streams have stopped and some wells are going dry. Western District Frost occurred on three mornings, which damaged to bacco considerably, as there was more uncut in this district than in ethers. Pea vines were also injured and some late corn. Drought continues unabated, and turnips are practically ruined. Gathering corn and digging potatoes are progrf sing. Tae cotton crop ap p ars to be nearly ail open. More than the upu d Hmount of feed for stock has been put up. Some farmers are trying to sow whea. Where winters are severe a slight covering with litter or evergreen branchf s will be of great service to the strawberries Do not place thfs until November or December, or after the ground is frozen. It is a common mis take to put on too much or too early and to leave until too late in the spring. ADVANTAGES OF SILAGE. Practical experience, coupled with careful experimental study, has now abundantly proved that, for a dairy man there is no way of harvesting, storing and feeding corn to cowa with so little labor and so small a loss as that afforded by the silo. It is not to be understood, however, that the silo is destined to supplant the haymow, for soma dry fodder should be used with silage in with rations; but the silo has cimo to stay, and as its merits come to be better known and its con struction better understood, it must come into general use. A properly constructed and filled eilo makes it possible for a dairyman not to loss more than 8 to 12 per cent, of the dry matter put into the silo, whereas corn cured and fed dry under the very best possible conditioLs mut sustain a loss of dry matter amounting to from 2ft r.n 1 Pf o U J the whole ?rcdt. And uuu una proved through two years' work that even in the arid cli mate of Colorado the necessary losses of dry matter in feeding corn as dry corn fodder are just aR large as he had found them to be in Vermont. F. H King, Wisconsin Experiment Station in American Agriculturist. WINTERING POTATOES. In a report of the Kansas State Board of Agriculture it is said that if buried, potatoes must be covered lightly at first, and the covering added from time to time, but only encugh to protect the tubers from frost. This is the most unsatisfactory and expensive way of storing potatoes. The next worst way is a cellar under a building. The most satisfactory and cheapest way is to j store in a dug out. In mess Kansas soils, no walls but the dirt walls are needed. The roof will be of earth over poles and brush. In wet weather such a roof will leak unless covered with boards, corn stalks, straw or other cov ering. The best location will be a slope or bank facing south. By leaving an alley through the center of a dug out, with plenty of large ventilator shafts through the roof, a brisk circulation will bo set up whenever the door in the end is opened particularly where the door opens on the level, as it will if the building is dug in the side 1 f a bank. Tho trouble with a cellar under a build ing i3 to give it air enough. The dug out should be built with a bin on each side of a central alley. The bottom of the bins should ba raised six inches from the ground. Both the bottom and sides are best made of fence boards, with inch spaces between. The sid -s of the bins should be clear of contact with the walls, whether stone or dirt. Spouts should bo placed at intervals through the roof near the outfide of the binp, through whioh to pour down tho potatoes into the cellar. Such a building, carefully managed as to ven tilation, opened up on frosty nights and kept closed during tho warm days of fall and early winter, will take E irly Ohio potatoes through to spring with out a sprout. Erly Rose, Beauty of Hebron and such varieties miy require turning over at once. The only anti dote for sprout ing, aside from the man ner of storage, that is known, is the scoop shovel. Potatoes may be kept in cold storage until August withouc a sprout. If the soil is rich, cultivation U the best manure for cabbages during warm weather; but if the soil be deficient, nitrate of soda is one of the most effi cient fertilizers. It will make gxd heads out of plants whi;-h without it would furni h rnly a bunch of loose leaves. Well-rotted stable manure is almost as good HQKT1CULTUBE ONIONS IN THE SOUTH. Oaions may bo grown from seed, sets or large onions; also from buttons, or top sets. Plant during early fall, or as soon as possible after Chris mas. Two methods of planting are practiced with us: (1) in 30 inch drills or rows, (2) in beds 15 to 20 feet wide aud slight ly elevated in the middle so as to drain gently to both sides. Drills for receiv ing the seeds or onions are then placed at right angle to the length of tho beds and 15 inches apart. Whether in tho row method or in the bed method, the seed is sown in tho drills so as to have threo or four seeds to each inch in length, and are covered with light soil, about one half to three-fourths inches deep. Sats are placed about a hand's breadth apart, large onions (raulti pliers) twice this width, and covered so as to hide the bulb. The onion requires tho richest, b?st prepared soil in the field or garden, and success will always be in proportion to the atteution given. Nothing short of thorough and clean culture will do for this plant. Culture should be fl it except for potato onions and shallots. Varieties: Yellow Dan vers, Wethergfield, Pearl, Prizetaker, Creole, Bermuda and others. Market them green in early spring, or matured in following summer and winter. -Prof. A. B McKay, Mississippi Agricultural College. HOW TO PACK APPLES. There's promise of a good apple crop. A large trade is expected and in order to have the outcome satisfactory it will be necessary to give strict attention to sorting and packing. With this end in view the following suggestions are sub mitted by the Trade Bulletin and it is earnestly hoped that they will b3 care fully followed: Country shippers and packers of apples should make it a poiut to pack their fruit honestly ; that is, to have the fruit run alike all through the bar rel. Do not endeavor to cause decep tion by placing good, sound, largo fruit on the top and bottom of the bar rel, and fill in the middle with a lot of gnarly, wormy and decayed fruit. It does not pay. The deception is easily detected upon investigation, and mer chants do not care to have fraud prac ticed upon them, neither do they care to practice it upon their customers. Full regulation-sized barrels should be used. Take the barrel, one head out, nail the hoops, and break off the ends of the nails at the inside; place a layer or tier of apples, good and uni form size, smooth, bright, heilthy, as closely as possible, stems downward, on the lower end, then fill up a basket full at a time, throwing out small. yruruiy, gnarly and windfall apples and shaking the barrel well after each deposit until it is full two inckus above the rim ; place the head f q iarely on the apples and with a Ecrew or lever press force it into place and nail secure ly. Turn over the barrel and mark name of apple with red or black lead, or pencil. Bear in mind that, to be shipped safely, fruit must be packed tight to prevent rattling or bruising. In shipping applrs the first of the season-arly varieties shippers should see that openings are cut 01 the side of the barrel and also in both ends, to admit of free circulation of air, which will greatly help to bring apples through in good condition during warm weather. The q liet disposition of the Poland China hog, which enables him to lie down and grow fat after eating, is much in his favor, and then observe bis broad, deep t-houlders, well sprung ribs, making a bread ba?k and loin, the broad, deep sides, and the long, thick, meaty ham. In all respects he is a typical porker. PQULTEY YARD DIR I Y EGGS WILL NOT KEEP. Ia laying down eggs for winter use care should be taken to see that they are perfectly clean. The shell is porous and the cdors of any filth attached to it qu'ckly penetrates to the interior and begins the process of de ompofei tion. It is impossible to keep eggs many months and have them exactly like fresh eggs. The evaporation from the egg robs it of moisture, though this is largely prevented by immersing the egg in lime water. But all water, ex cept that which ha3 been just boiled, contains some air. Packing eggs in salt will keep them for a short time, and is the easiest acd cheapett way of keeping for home uee . . . THE CAUSE OE SMALL EGGS. The Farmers' Voice says the steady improvement in the grade of poultry kept by farmers has resulted in the in ' creased eiza of eggs. This difference ia so marked that the eggs produced in the North always command in the markets a higher price than those from the South, where the improved breeds have been more slowly intro duced. In that section the unders'za of poultry and egg is doubtless due chief ly to the lack of new blood. The de bilitating effect of the heat is seme times given as the explanation, but the true one is rather the lack of care and proper attention to breeding, the indi rect result of the climate, which, by per mittir g the birds to forage all the year round relieves the owner of much trouble, but at the same time checks his interest in their b st development. TAR FOR POULTRY. Poultry raisers seem to have failed to learn the value of tr. It is valua ble in many ways, siys C. W. Norris in the Epitomist. I am led to believe that to tar the fence around the poul try house, instead of whitewashing, will be much better. It will contribute largely to the durability of the wood, protecting it from storm and time. It is in the poultry house that the value of tar is the greatest, for it conduces greatly toward healthfulness. When cholera makes its appearance, we would advise, first, a thorough cleaning of the house. Next, an appli ance of tar on all the joints, cracks and crevic s of the inside of the building, and then plenty of whitewash properly applied. The tar ahsjrbs or drives away the taint of disease and makes the premises wholesome. The smell is not offensive in fact, many people like it, and it i3 directly opposite to unhealthy. To vermin, lice, etc, the smell of tar is very repulsive, and but few will remain after you have tarred the housa. A neighbor of ours was once troubled with chicken cholera, and by adopting the above, in connec tion with removing affected fowls, he goon put a stop to its ravages. A small lump of tar in the drinking water supplied to the fowls will be found beneficial. Farmers' Voice. FEEDING ON FARMS. The slightest change in the food may, be the turning point to laying. -It is certainly gratifying to know that farm ers who raise poultry at the present day have changed the methods in vogue a quarter oi a century ago. The tim.3 has been when poultry was not consid ered deserving of any attention at all from the farmer. It was as much out of his line as baking bread or sweeping the rooms of the dwelling-house. TL e i - . . hens were allowed to go anywhere on the farm in winter ; but they remained near the cattle, seeking food wherever they could find a morsel. Some times the farmer's wife, with her sympathy for helpless creatures, would laborious ly wend her way through the snow to give her pets a mess of corn; but eo far as the farmer himself was concerned, he did not consider them worthy of notice. The farmer however, never overlooked the returns. He would naturally wonder why the hens did not lay, but though he really had no right to expect something from nothing, yet he would lay the fault to the refusal of the hens to produce eggs rather than to their inability to do so. As the pure breeds began to be developed, the farmer took some interest in poultry, and gradually the hens have been given better treatment. At the present day, eays the Farm and Fireside, the farmer is more prone to make his mistakes in overdoing the work and in using but little judgment in feeding. He feeds liberally, but de pends too much on grain. A slight change in the food will some times ac complish much. When the hens have been given corn exclusively they re quire something that is radically differ ent. Lean meat or a ration composed of bran and linseed meal may start the hens to laying, simply because such foods are jus!; what they require Grain is deficient in mineral matter, and as) abounds largely in starch. Foods that contain less starch and more mineral maUer and nitrogen will ba a change that will cheapen the cost of the food, because more eggs will be the result. Corn is not favored as a summer food, because it is too heating and too fatten ing; but there is an advantage in feed ing corn to fowls that are intended for market. Do not attempt to fatten fowls on nothing but corn, as they may suffer from indigestion. Let the fowls receive three meals a day, and of a variety of anything that they will eat, allowing a mess of chopped gres or clover, and give the corn at night, as much as the hens will eat. Every other day give a mess of f qual parts of bran and grouad oats, witn a gill of linseed meal in the mixture for a dozen hens. Keep the poultry house ciean, and the fowls wili fatten rapidly. FREE COINAGE. Mr. Tomlinson Gives Eleven Reasons Why He Favors It. Hon. John W. Tomlinson, a promi nent attorney of Birmingham, Ala , tells the New York Mercury why he favors free coinage of silver as follows: First Because the single gold standard is unfair to the debtor class. "Second B: cause there is not now a sufficient amount of gold for a circu lating medium. "Third Because the parity would then be maintained naturally instead of artifijially, as at present. "Fourth Because the production of gold is not keeping pace with increas ing population and business. "Fifth Because under the single gold standard, gold is comparatively constantly appreciating. ' Sixth Because, like a river fed from two sources, the circulating me dium would then be less liable to fluc tuation. "Seventh Because both gold and silver, as primary money, is the con stitutional money of the people. "Eighth Because it would bo more difficult for gamblers in the money centers to corner both gold and silver. "Ninth Because there would be two metals as primary money, so that the debtor might have the option in which he would pay. "Tenth Because now in the tranaac tion of the business of the world credit has to be resorted to, which is condu cive of panics and is too expensive, ex cept for tnose favored few who own the gilt edge, easily convertible securi ties "Eleventh Because it would Lasten the development of this comparatively new country, for the masses of the DeoDle. while having nroDerty, have not the money now with which to in vest in new enterprises, and from bit ter past experience they are not likely for some time to come to borrow, even to start new industries " What WTall street wants is for the free silverites to stay in the old parties, and that is just what Bland, Jones, Harris, Morgan, Teller, Wolcott and Dubois ard advising them to do. Wall street may not be paying anything for that advice, but it is worth lots of money to it. Tennessee Current. i : UNMASKED! A BOLD ATTEMPT OF THE USURER CLASS TO DECEIVE THE PEOPLE, EXPOSED. We would call the serious attention of every reader of the Arena to the fol lowing editorial taken from a recent number of the Furm R cord. It is difficult to conceive of anything more insidioua or dangerous ia its character than this systematic method of the usurer class to deceive the great wealth producing masses at tho most crucial moment in the history of our nation, at the nicment when the policy of the Bank of England, which ha3 reduced our wealth create rs from a condition of marvelous prosperity to that of de pendence upon capitalism, i3 preparing to strike its final biow. These conspira tors against the wealth makers have entered into a plan for systematically prostituting the country press of the South and West. We believe, how ever, that the intelligence of the peo ple of these sections and the bitterness of their condition are such, that they will promptly discontinue all papers which begin to publish these deceiving communications which are calculated to fasten forever tho chains of serfdom upon the wealth creators of the repub lic. This is the editorial as published in the Farm Record. There was mailed to this office from the gold bug den at 52 Williams street, New York City, on July 2i h, a letter containing three sheets. One is a list of books against the so called "silver craze," at prices ranging from fifty cents to one cent each. This is legiti mate business if anyono wants to buy the stuff, but by reading the other sheets we find that free editorials are going to all who will take them. One letter begins: "Iaclosed herewith is a sample of our broadsides. We offer to delivt r them to your c ffico free of all chargf s. as often as once in two weeks, in sufficient quantity to cover your feubscription list. We offer similar matter in plate form free of all express charges. " The other shee t eays : "We have ordered the Americaa Press Association to ship our second page of 'Sound Currency' stereotype plates to you." Signed "Calvin Tomp kins, Secretary." This ( flice never asked for any plates. In etill another sheet inclosed is a report of what has been done by this den of pirates, saying: "We are now supplying, every tvo weeks, properly dated and printed with the names of the papers circulating them, broadside supplements sufficient to accompany the full editions of two hundred local papers in every part of the country, most largely in the S )uth and West and Southwest. In thi3 way the sound currency literature is carried direct into the homes of rural voters as a part of the only paper they take, in most cases, and which they therefore read from beginning to end, and some f our hundred thousand full page sheets of sound currency literature distributed each fortnight." Again: "We are now supplying over one hundred papers (and the number rapidly increasing) with plate matter." Further on in the report it is stated that this den has in its employ over thirty clerks and editors, and eays the expenses will be very heavy from now until November, when a reft of two months will be had, after which "ex penses will rise again as the time ap proaches of first preparations for the national conventions in June, 1896." Here is the open avowal that they will expend vast sums during the prepara tion for the national conventions. What does this mean? It meats that no delegate will be chosen to a national convention next summer unlets he wear a gold collar. The "rifle diet" is just ahead. Get ready for it. It is now "uncocstitution to tax the rich" or to grant a poor man a jury triaL What will be the next step : The poison ing of the fountains of public informa tion is preparing for a coup d'etat that will throw civilizition back five hun dred years, or it will fall, and ehe will leap forward into a newer and more brilliant career than was ever dreamed by enthusiasts. In commenting on this conspiracy, the Chicago Express well observes that the determination of the money power, m its conspiracy, to poison the mind 3 of the votersjby subsidizing every pos sible avenue of news has long been evi dent, but recent movements in that direction are more obtrusive, pushed more opealy and with greater energy than ever before. The Arena, Boston. Seventy thousand employees are to be found in the sweat shops of New York City.
The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Oct. 15, 1895, edition 1
1
Click "Submit" to request a review of this page. NCDHC staff will check .
0 / 75