North Carolina Newspapers

nyae Projfrea frt Farmer is a paper far bove the ayer-e--and possibly e best advertia medium in N. printers' Ink "The Projjre" sire Farmer la a good paper fir febore the average- -and possibly the best advertis ing mecium in 11, C? Printers Ink. THE INDUSTRIAL AND EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS OF OUR PEOPLE PARAMOUNT TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS OF STATE POLICY. fol. 12. RALEIGH, N. C., NOVEMBER 30, 1897. Ho. 43 jBOGEESSIVE , I i J NATIONAL. FARMERS ALLI AMCE AND INDUSTRIAL UNION. president Mann Page, Brandon, ce President a Vincent, Indian &tary Treasurer W. P. Brickcr, 0 Station, Pa. LECTURERS. r P Soamon. Charlotte, N. O. Hamlin V. Poore, Bird Island, Minn, y H Prsol, Parkersburg, W. Va. RATIONAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. page. Brandon, Va ; R. A. a,nthorrh, Denver. Col.; John Bre W Va ; A B. Welch. New York ; VjT A. Gardner, Andrew's Settlement, JUDICIARY. o a. Southworth, Denver, Colo. E W. Beck, Alabama. jL D. Davie, Kentucky. IQSTfl OAEOUSA rARMZBfT STATE ALU ANCE. President Jno. Graham, Ridgeway, N vL Present W. B. Upohurch, KSretary Treasurer-J.T. B.Hoover. State Business Agent-T. B. Parker, r-Dr. V. N. Seawall. Villa -f&Stant Lturer-W. B. Brick hoa?p, Mckn Ferry. N. C. Chaplain-W. 8 Mercer, Moyock, K C. Door-keeper Geo. T. Lane, Greens distant Door-keeper Jaa. E. Lyon, Difiiam. N. C. Sersreant-at- Arms A. D. K. Wallace, Baleigh, N. C. Inwt' Business Agency Fund w. A, iwhara. Machpelan, N. C. CXCUTIVE X)MMITTES5 OF THE HOCTH CAS iA rARBfERS' STATU ALLIANCES!. J. W. Denmark, Chairman, Baleigh, SJohn Graham, Ridgeway, C. W. B. Fien.iog, Ridgeway, N. O. A. F Hileman, Concord, . O. Dr J B Axandar, Charlotte, N. C Themes J O dbem, Teer, N. C. HATE A-il'lANCE JUDICIARY OOmnTTES. Dr. J E Person, Pikeville. N. C. W 8 Brnp Raleigh, N. C. fliUeh.iro, N C. AGRICULTURE. KORTH CAROLINA RECOURSES. Ool. Fred?rick Annaniaa Olda has written a very interesting letter to the Wikuir gron Meaenger regarding the report cf the Commissioner of Labor. EesayR: "Ia tne chapter on fruit growing in Western N ?rth Carolina, which ia 10 appear in this year's report of the State Lator Commissioner, it ia stated that fourteen counties ship 90 000 barrels; Hay wo ).i and Swain 15 000 each ; Cald wall an1 Wilkea, 10 000; Yancey, Clay, Jack n una Surry, 8,000 There are Bany io : ilitie in tbia section where peaches are seldom killed, and espe cially is this the case in the thermal re pon. Applea are kept -all winter in ordinary cellara. It ia destined to be tte greatest apple growing region in America. There have so far been few 'tempta to grow apples in a systematic man:;, r, and an absence of system as Hcul.injr. nickmtr and fehiDDine. Tnese Jforrii c rolina apples have this year tekea pr;z a at New York exhibitions. ihe grr.it KZiof many of the trtea at tact- urrer.tion; aa it ia not uncommon wfiua trum three feet in diameter. TANNERIES niifttrv ia much krgtr i a this State than ia generally known a vprv larffa DroDortion of j - &e fci . rs produced are tanned in the tatp Tnu o rn n H a n rn rtf nilr n.nri hpm - - l li U v lft M (JBB 'W tak bars would enable the Scate to tan Mitral, jfha iioorl urirVt in itfl limiffl A krge pi'c of the leather now produced Qthe 8 te ia made into harness and ttllar-. Tna greater nart of these CO r more. Richmond and Atlanta, euricpsfuily compete with the frtfuj: of other 8tatea. A Hat of 122 toanTi- is gwen, with postofflce ad-kii-j-t and ownera. Chatham county with 8 COPTER MINING. "Ihe vnpperoresof thia State usually curiutwo forma gold bearing and Don gold bearing. The ores in Person Gr .nville, with a high per centage copp-r, have never received the at 0r(- Knob, in Ashe,haa been worked 10 an im!iien8e extent and to a depth of feet The discovery of a vastde en the exteme western boundary the 8:ta haa led to mining on a great Jje, and over 100 persona are em ' yed Tnia last discovered deposit ia Probably on the Georeia side of the 1 V list of 14 mines ia given from noi o.1nnA ia fa Von on rt 99 131 which considerable quantities of cooper have been taken in connection with the gold mined MARBLE "Marble ia found in Catawba, in the north extension of the King's Mountain Umestonea, Ia McDowell, Sain and Cherokee, but the Cherokee quarries are the most important of all. These are now quite extensively worked. Marble of various colors and of high grade ia being shipped from taat coun ty in large quantities. Georgia and Tennessee get the credit of producing a age quantity of marble which is really the productof Western North Cirohna The peculiar situation of Cherokee makes the markets of these States much nearer than those of thia State. It ia declared that a lot of marble used in building the new congressional library and known aa "Georgia" and "Tennessee" marble, was taken from Cherokee quarries. A Hat of 8 q iarries is given, 6 of these being in Cnerckee. MARLS AND PHOSPHATES 'In the majority of the counties cf the coastal plain region, marls are lound near enough to the surface to render it practical to mine tht m. They contain from 50 to 90 per cent, of car Donate of lime, but so cheap has lime been in recent years that the farmera pay they can buy it cheaper than they can mine and haul the mark Deposits of phosphate have been found in Du plin Sampson, Pender, Oat-low, Bruns wick and New Hanover. In the last the Castle Haynes mine is in operation and is the only one in the State. Most of it has been shipped by the private owners to fertilizer companies at Wil mington, Norfolk and Baltimore in the crude state. A Wilmington firm now proposes to take all the product from the State (which thia year bought the mine), up to 20 000 tons a year. In Sampson and Dupiin the phosphate is found in beds ranging from a few mches to two feet in thickness, highly water worn and overlaid by from 6 to 10 feet of sand. BUILDING 8TONE3 "Three of too geological belts in the State carry most of the atone used for budding purposes; the brown?tone of Anson, Chatham, Wake, Durham, Guilford, Orange, Rjc&ingham and Stokes; the granites in two eaatern, five middle, twelve piedmont and four mouutain counties Oae of the largest and mot remarkable formations of granite occurs in Wiike and ia known aa Stone Mountain, which furnishes stone of a fair quality and ia f oon to be developed. Tne best known granite quarry ia that at Mt. Airy, and ia n tensively worked. It ia of regular grain and tex' ure and is exposed over an area of more than 40 acres In Davie there ia a beautiful sto known aa "orbicular" granite. The figurea aa to production of quarries are not re cent, thes? for 1894 being the last Tnere ia a list of 11 brownatone,- 25 granite and 2 sandstone quarrie8." MR. McWHIR rER'S PLAN. Correspondence of the Progressive Farmer. Pioneer Mills, N. O , Nov. 18, 97 I gave you my plan aa a remeoy for five cent cotton to change the date rf payment of all debts contracted m 1898 to August, 1899. Now I ask spaca to discuss the details. First, under the present system, the cotton ia marketed on the commence ment of the manufacturer's cotton year, which compela the manufacturer to build warehouses to protect bia cot ton from eight to eieven months, in or der that he may have cotton enough to run his milla through the year. Secondly, to save him the expense of insuring euch an enormous amount of cotton, which is a very heavy ex pense, and also save interest on the same, which might be left in the pock ets of the planter under my plan. I believe that, the law of supply and de mand under thia system would rule be yond a doubt, because the cotton would commence going on the market in Oc tober, as usual, without being forced, aa the manufacturers demand it, which would leave it in the planter's hands until the demand brought it out. Thirdly, the planter, at a very small cost, could put up sheds to protect his cotton on his own farm, and also in sure it under the Farmers Mutual In su ranee Company, into which most of the States, if not all in the South, are organized, which is actually no cost after the issue of the policy, until there is some actual loss by fire or storm, since for a policy in thia company there ia no annual or monthly premium to be paid. Now, in consideration of thia plan, I earnestly ask the cooperation of the manufacturers, merchants and plant- W wish to call your attention to our gret rff t. It is this: To'any one not now a subscriber to this paper, we will srd THE PROGRESSIVE FAR AfER every week until January 1 1899 for only One Dollar We want 10 (K)0 ue euoecrioers under the terms of thia rffr. We want you tolielp us. Tnia ff r would not be a great one were it given by a paper that lives on campaign funds or ia re hashed f'om patent outrides or dailies. Bus for a paper of the size and character of The Progressive Farmer, ft is a great offer. It. aoes not become ua to boast. "We don't have to." Per one who know the paper know ita merits. But aa we are sendingput numerous samples thia week, we wish "to stake a few claima" aa Klondykers say, and we defy any one to pull up theee stakes. If y u Bre not subscriber, pleaae consider well the following facts; if you are a subscriber, you know the truth of these state ments, but will you kindly call your neighbor's attention to them? The following facts show juat a few reasons why you should take The Pro GRESsrvE Farmer After you have takec it for awhile you can give many more reasons for saying it is the best North Carolina paper. 1 leersoijs There is no other weekly of any 8'"z shape, price or character in the State (except these weeklies re hashed from dailiep) that is (1) Aa large aa The Progressive Farmer; (2) That gives as lul; and complete a record of State news as The Progres bive Farmer ; (3) Pht gives aa much general news an The Progressive Farmer; (4) That haa as large a circulation a The Progressive Farmer; (5) That has firmer friends than The Progressive, Farmer. (6) That has fewer humbug advtrti8jmentatnn he Progressive Farmer; (7 That gets lees from campaign funds than The Progressive: Farmer; (8) That owes less to rings, cliques or combines man The Progressive Farmer ; (9) That contains more valuable farm hints than The Progressive Farmer; (10) That haa as complete horticultural, farm, pou'try, live stock, dairy, fun and religious departments as The Progressive Farmer; or, (11) That will please you, your wife ud enfldren every member of the family as The Progressive Farmer wilL j Give us your support. We will fibt for you and your interest and prom ise to keep the paper up to its present higtrstandard. Send us a c ub. Yours for business, The Progressive Farmer. RLETGH. N O Novfmber IB. 1897 rDO VT DELAY! erj of the South in helping to bring thia plan into operation. But if thia plan does not meet the wishes of all concerned, I ask them to show cause why not. end give ua a better plan Mr. Editor, I aak you .to give the original plan in full in your next i?sue with the above details. I ak all who are opposed to thia plan, with thoae who favor it. to dicuas it thoroughly. Respectfully, 8 S McWhirter. Mr. McWhirter'a plan is thia: that the farmera and merchants meet on January l-tt and bgree that the debts contracted for the year 1893 run until Auguat, 1899, wh'ci ia the ind of the cotton year of 1898 By so doing, the cotton will not be put on the market in three montha, aa it now ia, but can go on the market aa the manufacturer wanta it at a fine price. QUESTIONS A NO. ANSWERS. UorrespoBdence of the Progressive Farmer Warren Oo , N O.. N iv 15 1897. Agricwtural Experiment Station, Raleigh. N C : Sirs: Aa you are willmg to give the farmera such information as they need, I would lifce to ask a favor of you. I have a young cow, partly Jersey ; she had on May lac, 1897, the second calf; on the 25 on of Junesne was bred again ; she ia well fed, getting morning and evening cotton seed ana corn meal and fodder, more than any other cow in the neighborhood; besides, she is in pasture and haa a pure spring of water, which she ai way s had. Formerly she gave a good supplv of milk, but now she gives scarcely a quart a day. Could you give me any information about what could be wrong with her, I would be very thankful. I feed and milk her myself, so I know she gets her feed and everything right. Once a week she geta salt, and every few weeks a little sulphur. I would like to ask another favor: Thieves stole my best chickens. I wrote to several parties about Wyan dotte eggs or a set of young chickens Could you sell me a set of young Wyan dottes or a set 13 or 26 eggs? I have two hens that want to hatch. I am willing to pay a good price and will send the money as soon as it is required. You would do me a great favor if you would sell me eggs or a rooster and a hen or two; no matter how young they are. Hoping to hear from you soon, I re main, Yours, The above consigned communication was recently received at the Expert ment Station. We should be glad to get the writer's name in order to sug gest that the cow be watched a few day 8 and locked up at night tied in a position so she cannot suck herself. It is not impossible, although improbable that thia cow haa alien off rrcm hav ing rea ;hf d a certain stage of gestation. Ic is much more provable that, 1st, she sucks herself, or 2ad, some thief is stealing her milk; hence the above ad vice. Aa to chickena, thia Station has seme for sale and can doubtless furnish our correspondent eggs or a pair, a trio, or a single bird which will satisfy him if his name can be learned ; therefore, if he pees thee lines and will write again, we will q iote prices to him on eggaand cnickena and hope he will report further as to the co . Frank E Emery. FORTY PER CfcNT. AT FARMING. Mr. Henry Parker, who, with hia brother, owns a 90 acre farm near Eu faula, Ala , haa told the Times, of that place, how he has succeeded at farm ing. "We made," said he, "last year 40 per cent, profit on the place And it is of considerable value because we have unusually good accommodations on the place, among other things an exceedingly nice ciuntry house, with outhouses, etc. We get money from cows We have five Jersey cows, from which we sell the butter and the in crease. We sell 200 head of hogs a year, many of them a3 pigs, others when grown. We make fodder and hay, and last year got good money from 300 bushels of peanuts. We raise great quantities of sweet potatoes. And do you know that you can't buy a sweet potato in Barbour county now. and they are worth 90 cents a bushel! Ic ia true. I am shipping potatoes from N shviiie. The farmer gets impatient and will not hold any part of his crop for a rise. Think what a magnificent thing it would be now to have several hundred bushels of potatoes ! We have sold already $22 worth of new Irish po tatoes. We get good returns from sugar cane, and $9 in the last month or two from cattail millet seed. We raise field peas and all kinds of vegetables Of course, we raise oats and corn, but only to feed our own stock. We made last year over 40 per cent on our farm alone. And some people will say that our store helped us out. And so it did. We sold the product of the farm largely through the store, but the store got a profit. The net proceeds to the farm, after deducting the value of our ser vices aa storekeeper from the amount, gave ua a profit on our farm of over 40 per cent, on ita entire cost to ca." Farm Magazine. CROP REPORT FOR NOVEMBER TJ. S Department op Agriculture. Washington, D. C. CROP CONDITIONS The following estimates, based upon the November returns, are merely pre liminary, and are subject to revision in the final report : Corn The returns indicate an aver age yield of 23 7 bushels per acre, as compared with the preliminary esti mate of 57 3 bushels in November last, and of 26 2 ousbela in November, 1895. The average indicated yield in bushel a per acre in seme of the principal corn producing 8tate8 is as follows: New York, 32 5; Pennsylvania, 36;Tennes see, 21; Kentucky. 23; Ohio, 32 5; Indi ana, 28; Illinois, 31.5; Iowa, 29; Mis souri, 25; Kansas, 19, and Nebraska, 29. The average aa to quality is 86 3 per cent., aa compared with 88 4 per cent, in November last, and 92 3 per cent, in the previoua year. Irish Potatoes The indicated aver age yield per acre of Irish potatoes is 64 6 bushels against 86 8 bushels in No vena Der last, 100 7 bushels in the pre ceding year, and 76 9 bushels the aver age for the laat fifteen yeara. Tooacco. The indicated average yield of tobacco per acrei? 645.9 pounds, as compared with 678.9 in November last, and 7i2 5 pounde as the average for the last fifteen yeara. The Depart ment is now making a careful revision of its figurea of the acreage devoted to this crop and while the foregoing esti mate of the average yield per acre may be accepted as an approximately cor rect indication of such average yield, it should not be applied to any figures of acreage that the Department haa published in the past. The Kentucky crop is reported as the smallest in many yeara, and on the other hand tnat of Wisconsin shows a larger acre age, a larger yield per acre, and a higher average quality than for a dec ade. In Florida tobacco growing is said to have been greatly stimulated by the condition of affairs in Cuba. Hay. There ia every indication that the hay crop will prove to be the larg est on record, the indicated average yield being 1.42 tons per acre, or 0 06 ton per acre above the high average of laat year, and 0 21 ton per acre above the average for the last fifteen yeara. Cotton. The average indicated yield of lint cotton per acre is 181.9 pounds. The principal State averages are as fol lows: North Carolina 184 Texas 165 rtouth Carolina 189 Arkansas 2 1 5 Georgia 7d Teunebeee. . . . 132 Alaoama 155 Oklahoma 225 Mississippi 220 Indian Territ'y 300 Louisiana 245 Florida 110 In the main tne crop has been picked io excellent condition, the weather having been highly favorable. There is not the slightest apparent disposition on the part of the Department's large corps of correspondents to overestimate the effect of unfavorable conditions during the growing season or to con ceal or minim the importance of such conditions as have been favorable, and while the figures now published are subject to revision in the final re port tb&y art believed to approximate iy represent the actual condition of the crop Sugar Cane. The returns regarding thia pr jduct are exceedingly meager, and do not afford a sufficient basis for even a rough estimate. Sorghum. rhe reports concerning this product also are meager and gen erally unsatisfactory. Fruit The returns on grapes, ap pies, and pear a indicate production aa compared with a full crop, and have been largely foreehadowed in preced ing reports ARTICHOKES. In a recent issue of the Practical Farmer, an Indiana man writes as fol lows: "I have tried the white Jerusa lem artichoke ax d am well pleased with the result. We have a two acre lot, one end of which is partitioned off into small pens and provided with houses suitable for one sow ; the balance of the lot is planted in artichokes. The soil is a deep, rich, black, sandy sou. Arti chokes do exceedingly well on it,' pro duciog several hundred bushels each year. In suitable weather, when the ground is not frozen, we turn the sows and pigs in and let them root. About the first of April we take the hogs out and run the plow through the patch, throwing it up in ridges, which leaves it in good condition for the hoga to harvest the next crop. The hogs al ways leave enough the ground to seed the patch. We never dig any of them, but if we had a root cellar I would grow more of them or eorre other kind of roots for our stock. In Farmers Bulletin No. 22 Jseued by the Depart ment of Agriculture, is given the com position of artichokes and other roots, , and by comparing them I find the arti choke to be as rich in food elements aa the other roots. They cost but little to grow them and the brood sows do the harvesting. Brood sows and' growing pigs need some kind of roots or green food to keep them in a healthy condi tion, and as a large maj irity of the farmers in the corn belt are not pro vided with suitable tools to cultivate root crops, their hogs are fed on grain the entire winter. I would not advise anyone to plant them on high priced land ; and where one is prepared to cul tivate and store other root cropa it might not be profitable to grow them. I am experimenting a little with mangel urzals and sugar beets, and if they prove to be cheaper and better I will discard the artichokes, but in the mean time they are worth more to me than any ether crop I could raise on the same ground. An - obj action usually made to them is that they are bad to spread, but I have not found them so. The seed does not grow, and I have no fear of being unable to get rid of them should I ever want to." SEED CORN IN THE SOUTH. Professor Maesay, of the A. & M. College, Raleigh, has been consulted as to the aavisabi ity of procuring seed corn from the North to plant in the South. Home and Farm publishes his letter. He says: ' - " We do not think it advisable to get seed corn from the North for Southern planting. It will take some time to fully acclimatize it, and you can get better corn suited to your climate by a careful selection at home from what you already have. If the corn in your section is "all run out," it is the fault of the cultivator and not of the climate. The way in which seed corn is usually selected in the South is enough to run but anything. The proper way to inv- prove corn for seed is to make the selection in the field. Have a section of the field planted in the kind of corn you wish to save for seed and give it the best of care and manuring, deep preparation, but shallow and level cul tivation. As soon as the tassels begin to show go through the piece and cut ont the tassels from every stalk that dot s not show an ear coming. Select for seed vigorous stalks that set two ' ears and mark them to stand until per fectly matured. Save only the ear next to the ground for seed. It will not probably be the finest looking ear, but save it only even if it is a nubbin. If you continually save the top ears for seed, you increase the tendency to produce the ear farther and farther from the ground, and also increase the tendency to bear but one ear. By con tinuous saving of the bottom ear you get the corn in the habit of producing its crop near the ground and the habit of bearing two ears. "Piant thia selected corn the next year and plant the seed patch with the same and pursue the same course of selection. It will take yeara to produce striking results, but if you persevere ycu will finally get a race of corn that will put money in your pocket for seed purposes. Do not in your latitude select corn for earlinesa. Y mi have plenty of time to mature the biggest, and the largest, late maturing corn will al way 8 bring you the heaviest crop. Northward corn has been selected with a view for earlinesa. Corn, more than any other grain we know of dis likes to be removed fir North or South of its native locality, and thought it adapts itself to the changed conditions, it takes time to do it, and you will do better to select from your own stock. Get the best corn you can find in your section to start with, and, my word for it, if you follow up the plan proposed you will find that we are right." When bees are wintered in the cellar many bee keepers raise the hives about 2 inches from the bottom board ; others remove the bottom board entirely. Thia allows plenty of ventilation, but little escape of heat, and all dead bees and rubbish droD down away from the cluster, where they dry instead of bo- coming moldy and rotten Horn contact with the warmth and moisture of the cluster. Thia raising of the hives gives mice access to them. The most prac tical plan to prevent thia ia to trap or noison the mice; to do to. mix equal parta of flour, sugar and arsenic and oiace in shallow dishca in different porta cf the eclbr. Ex.