North Carolina Newspapers

jle Prosrci Ctt Farmer ii a Jwd possibly Jfc best adwrtis- medium la N. printer Ink. Has the largest circulation cf any family agricuita ral or political Saper published etween R i c h mond and Atlanta THE INDUSTRIAL AKD EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS OF OUR PEOPLE PARAMOUNT TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS OF STATE POLICY. Vol. 13, A RALEIGH, II. C, AUGUST 30, 1898. Ho. 30 "if IE MlOGtlSSIYK ffc"A 1MTR1.. a 11 El I f a ! .CI 11 II Ilffl ft : i PUBLISHER VEEKLY "The date on your labl L.Hntlnn expires- Rect y you "when your I for money on 8urvi.jtrtn will be civpn Ufiiancfi nf d&te on label. " EOt PfoP'iy changed in two weeks, noUfr : ""Tfoev at our ri.'k if Bent by registered letter or money order. Please don't send stamps. pe mre to give both old and new addresses in c;derlDg change of postoflice, s of Advertising Rates: ten cents per agate Liberal discounts for time and space. eve want intelligent correspondents in every antv ia the State. We want facts of value. Stilts accomplished of value, experiences of itlue plainly and briefly to d. One solid, demonstrated icr, is worth a tnonsand theo ries. ; The Editors- are zot responsible for the views 0f Ccrresrondente. Th Progressiyz Farmer is the Official Organ of the North Carolina Farmers State aYiiaace. . . am standing now just tehind the attain, and in full glow of the coming Znset. Behind me are the shadows on iiTtrach, before me lies the dark valley i the river. When I mingle with its iark waters J want to cast one linger Ina looh upon a country whose govern ment is of the people for tgffffi nd by the people? L. L. Folk, juiy hth. 1890. The Spaniarda have a proverb some thing like thia: "He stole a pig and in God'a name gave the trottera to the poor." Bat auch 4 'benefactors" must not be called scoundrels, except by those who do not fear the righteous -,rth of Bro. Bailey, of the Reorder. The Damocratic speakers and editors make a great fuss about the disgrace of "Russell rule," "corruption," 'fraud," "jobbery," "looting," "in competents, etc.. etc They rave ; they fume; they howl, but when you aak them to specify institutions and give instances, and point out facta to prove their statements aa to "corruption, fraud," th9y are struck dumb. They simply howl and Borne people see that the howl ia a meaningless one. The seasDn of year when most North Carolina editors spend a considerable portion ot their time dunning delin quents has arrived. The Progressive Farmer ia fighting the battles o North Carolina's workingmen, and we be lieve they feel it their duty to support their champion. And we hope no urg ing ia needed to make them do their duty. Rjnew your subscription at once, if possible. We tru8t that all who find they cannot possibly renew now will get us a club of trial subscrib ers at once. We repeat the statement made in cur issue of Aug. 2 We shall be glad to give space to an article from Dr. Kilgo or any of hia friends, who wish to defend him. Thia invitation ia a standing one. We have no axe to grind, are not prejudiced, and wish to be entirely fair. A great number of North Carolina's best citizens are Methodists, and we believe that they want only the beat men to instruct their sons. They desire, too, aa we de sire, that Dr. Kilgo shall have a fair hearing. As the matter now stands it seems that Dr. Kilgo do?s not stand with the people in their fight against ' corruption in high places." A few days ago we told a Democratic nero county howler to write ua aa strong a defence of the Democratic Party's policy of scaring the people with the cry of "negro" aa he could and we would publish it in The Pro gressive Farmer He stopped howl iog "negro" long enough to refuse our invitation. We urged. "Hero's an opportunity to tell thousands of Pop ulisti the "horrora of negro rule," a chance to tell them of the glorious Dzm oeratic party," we said, but he could nt be induced to write. And still thia enn delights to howl negro, i3 a good Writer, and a Democratic ex pie eater. Hi hag sense enough to know, however, that when these catchy cries, "negro sjpramacy" and "social equality" are P a: in cold type, calmly considered, aad the other eido given, the people vv ill gee there i3 nothing in them. m E"cry campaign the laborer realizes thut he needs better laws, laws which not give the monopolies the legal rkh$ to rob him. Ha needs freo silver; an increase in the volume of money; an iucome tax which will prevent the accumulation of vast fortunes, and other laws which will put labor on an equal footing with capital. The white laborer reaiiz this ; the colored laborer 'Qil'zgit. Bat monopoly which robs them both sneers at them. "They are fools," say the monopolists, theso vot- iiiiVH inn nnviiPi-n nr maKiut uo . , v w ' u stop our depredations, but the idiots never do it. 8oe, here comoa the col ored voter. Now that old idiot wants free silver, an income tax, more money, etc. But I shako thia scare-crow "Party That Freed You," thia grinning old bugbear and the senseless negro votes against the very things he wanta and puts me in power again to rob and abuse him. But now comes the white laborer. Like the colored laborer he wanta an income tax, more money, &o. But he ia juat as big a fool aa the negro. Sec me shake this scare crow 4Negro Supremacy" at him and he too votes me ux power again." We wait to see, dear reader, if you too are one of these voters whom monopoly deceives, and then laughs at. It is an open secret that the Demo cratic speakers expect to test the merits of "soft soap" this year. They have, in previous campaigns, abused all those who had the courage to disagree with them. They have rotten egged and insulted honest Populists. Bit the decree has gone forth that in the year of our Lord 1893 a new plan ia to be tested. Populists are to be told that they are sweeter than honey and better than pie. Read the following from a Hypocratic paper at Wilson, N. C, and when you hear the delicious honey words of the Hypocratic speakers, re member that 'tia for eff3Ct: that the eamo men abused and insulted you from '92 to '96. Says the Advance: "Tne people of North Carolina have another political campaign before them. It is absolutely necessary for tho wel; fare of the State that the Djmocratic party win. In order to win it is ot course necessary that it have tho sup port of tho people of the State. In or der to get that support the Democratic leaders should be careful of the manner in which the campaign is waged. Their warfare heretofore has been that of abuse and intolerance. They have been persistent in refusing to allow their opponents the same honesty of opinion that they claim for themselves. They havo heaped abuse and insults on those who;disagree with their views and branded them aa traitors and black guards. Abuse will never bring a man back to the party, but every insult drives him farther away and makes the breach wider. Hundreds of men have been kept from the party by this very same abuse and insult. It must ba stopped if the Democratic party ever hopes to get control again." NORTH CAROLINA LETTER. m m wmm m m m " You will please excuse mo if I con fine these notes to the western or moun tain eection of our noble old State. I am a Buncombeite, and in previous articles I have tried to write about the phyeical advantages not only of old Buncombe, but of all our mountain counties. The Creator has done much for us ; climate uncoiled, beautiful mountain scenery, fine timber, water power al most sufficient to run all Uncle Sam's machinery, rich minerals, productive lands everywhere. Unfortunately our people ,have not utilized cur advantages aa they ehould, but great improvement hag been made of late years. Better houses have been built ; great improvement in farming ia noticed ; some factories ere going up. but there ia room for much more. We need more people if we can get the right sort. We need people of some means with "git up and git" about them, and we invite them cordially. Most who come do so for health and pleasure, and scarcely ever get off the lines of railroad and know but little of the real advantages of our section, Stir out when you come and be Con vineed I have not lied. I have no land to sell ; would rather buy more ; no per Bona! interest prompts these lines; have not told half Should you ba in clined to take up your abode with us, you no doubt will want to know some thing of our people. Wo have some iirnorant and somo bad people among ua, such perhaps aa you will find every where, but we have upon the whole, I guess, aa many good and intelligent people a3 you can find anywhere. have no doubt that many who ought to read this, especially up North, have been greatly deceived in the past, and perhaps now are blindfolded. For many yeara our section has been cursed with a class of adventurers of the pen who wrote articles to be circulated up North and to please the haters of the South, tried to hunt for all the bad and put that aa a type of the whole; a grots slander on us, and a fraud on the North. Of late years we have had a new style of adventurers in the form of missionary teachers and preachers, who are not needed by any means. In order to get money from the North, they have to represent us as sorter semi savages, so they hunt up the moat ignorant they can find and leave out the rest, and make them a type of the whole. All thi3 ia proclaimed up North in speeches and in papers not circulated much South, but we see them occa sionally. Many of these adventurers slander us in another way. They go through the country and take pictures of our houses, teams, etc ; they find the worst cabins and ox team?, and picture them and leave out all the good, and make them a type of the whole. To acquire adherents, many of these missionaries adopt a very cute method. They have shipped to them boxes and barrels of old second hand clothing to be distributed, and euch as will receive them jump at the chance, and generally join their church, but most of our people feel indignant at the offer, so it engenders etrife and ill feeling. It certainly indulges those who receive th6m as a general thing in lazmess, for they only have to work for victuals. I am no enemy by any means to the missionary cause when properly carried out, but when carried out as above etatei, ii has a tendency to prrj id ice our best people against tho noble cause. Tho class of people I have rf plied to above does our country a great ir jury. It has a tendency to deter good cmi grants from coming among ua. Their writings and speeches deceive the ear, and their pictures deceive the eye. They get money up North by working on the sympathies cf good people there, so it is a slander on us and a fraud on the people up North. We hope if Uncle Sam cor quers the islands he is looking after, the missionaries can find room there, and that their places will be taken by men of means to help develop our resources. To them we give a hearty welcome. We need you, but not the missionaries. Rrad the old Home and Farm and be wise. T. M. Dula, Weaverville, N. Q, in Home and Farm. " WAGE-EARNERS." I have been impressed for many years that too many of our young men are seeking employment as wage earn era. When a man arrives at his ma jority he should seek employment by which he can support himself and those dependent upon him. My opin ion is that a young man cannot afford to bind himself to another for money and therefore become a servant for a stipulated amount, giving time and talent to another. If there is nothing but wage earning that presents itself and nothing else can be procured, of course go to work and make the best of the job. One can be a good and faithful servant earning his wages, and more if he can, for hia lord (for such he is,) thereby makiDg a good name for himself, which is worth more by far than all it coata. While thus em ployed one should use the position only aa a stepping stone to something higher, seek earnestly for a businesa of his own. Though it may be an humble calling, take it and elevate it, end the calling will, if honorable, elevate you. Whatever undertaken, give it your whole manhood, both mental and physical, by so doing, with rigid econ omy, business will improve and one will find he is on the royal road to sue cess. As financial strength ia gained, ability will increase; and in proportion to the thought, energy and economy practiced business will enlarge. A stalwart man will develop in mind and body because of having exercised both in pursuit of hi3 calling. Hia mental faculties having baen exercised are de veloped, and he has become strong and independents that line. Frienda and neighbors come to him for counsel, and hia children rise up and call him blessed. Then tho freedom of following one's own busines?, being dictated to by no man, having a day eff without loaa of wages or the risk o displeasing an other. The wage earner, if he pleases hia employer, must give him all hia time and talent. Oae's independency i3 dwarfed and a man loses confidence la himself to engineer a business of his own. So he pursues the eame plodding course from day to day, from week to week, and from year to year, as a cog in eome groat wheel that turn3 on without change until it is worn eo badly J that it cannot fill its place in the rotary motion and has to be replaced by an other more efficient. Thus in old age, too late to build upon a foundation of his own, he is left without employment and in too many cases without means, as it is generally conceded that wage earners lay by but little of their earnings for old age. Many are left penniless at that stage of life, dependent on the cold charities of the world, and of ttimes find themselves inmates of some charitable institution. Therefore, ycung man, seek a business of your own; give it your energy, thought and youthful enterprise. Be come self reliant, live within your in come, never eacrifioe one principle of honor, look onward and upward and success will be yours. R. H. Skeen, in ColmanV R irai World. PURE WATER ON THE FARM. The importance of pure water for the family and live stock is not generally appreciated. In a newly-settled coun try the danger of defilement of water through filth accumulations in the soil is not so great. As a region becomes thickly populated we may say the dan gerof water defilement increases with the increase of population and the number cf animals kept on the farms or in villages. The danger on old farms and in villege3 and towns where the problem of sewerage, paving and water supply has not been solved by the corporation ia so constant that not a year passes without outbreaks of typhoid fever, diphtheria or other filth disease?. The farm supply of water is so largely under the control of the farmer, says The Breeder's Ga zette, that he is not tho victim of the carelessness of hia neighbor as ia the dweller in the undrained village or town. Hence if the farmer's family is visited with diseases originating in im pure water or defective drainage or un clean management of his premises he cannot lay the blame on his neighbors or a mysterious providence. In dairy districts the responsibility of a seller of milk is not limited to his own family. He is in a sense his brother's or patron's keeper. That typhoid fever is so often traced to dairy farms and dairies that supplied the victims of the disease with milk makes the responsibility of the milk seller broad and serious. The water supply of a dairy farm is very soon contaminated unless more than ordinary care is taken to prevent its defilement. So long as farmers and dairymen sink wells in the barn or barn lots there will be increasing chances of impure water. These wells are too often placed in the lowest part of the lot where there is least labor in sinking the well. The wall is laid with loose stones and not raised high enough to allow sufficient grading to carry off even the surface water. In a wet time the water level of the well rises from the influx of water from the barn yard and manure piles After one euoh soaking of the soil the water from such a well becomes a constant danger to the health of animals and unfortunate uaers of the milk from such a dairy. The abnormal rainfall of thia spring haa carried aged fittn into many such wella, and when the dry season comes, and the supply of water i, low, the per cant, of filth carried in each bucket of euch water ia enough to start a pestil ence. Such wella are cheap and con venient, wo know, but are they safe and cheap in the long run? The cost of one funeral will exceed the cost of a well constructed well or filter and cistern. Whether one shall have a well or cistern at the barn or dwelling is usually a question of first cost. Bj cause of their greater expense there are few who secure perfect drainage around the home or barn and trust to providence that the well or cistern may not be defiled. If instead of wall ing up wella with loess stone we will wall them with vitrified tile and care fully tamp the ground around them, usiDg clay that will pack well, and in finishing uso one or two joints above the level of the land around and then grade up to eecure a quick surface drainage for twenty or thirty feet around the well, we can feel that euch a well i3 in all human probability eafe from eurface contamination. We have one euch and fiad the first cost lees than to have used stone or brick. With surface drainage and thorough tamp ing around each tile a a it was put down, we have great confidenc3 in the water. A brother has filtered cistsma that are superior to the average well or cistern. The water ia clear and after the first year is free from any flavor of cement. If care ii taken not to let in the sum mer rainfall the water is cold and re freshing even late in summer. Wher& there is difficulty in getting satisfactory well water the filtered cistern water if the farmer's eafest eupply. Tho filtet is five by eix feet, walled with brick and cemented. A cross wall is put in of good brick laid in cement. The water filters through this wall and also through the half that is filled with charcoal or clean sand and passes out into the cistern through a four inch stoneware pipe. The part of the filter receiving the water from the roof is cleaned each fall thoroughly. Such a filter and cistern, nine by twelve, or better, nine by eighteen, will give the family a supply of pure, wholesome water and reduce doctor bills and un dertakers' expenses. Every farmer can help make hard times easier by helping to circulate The Progressive Farmer. GOOD. ROADS AND COUNTRY LIFE. An unmistakable demand for good common roads ia being heard in all parts of the United Statea. This de mand ia rapidly growing in volume and is taking on the systematic organ ization which ia essential to the success of such a movement. That bad roads in this country cause an enormous loes of money each year to those who use them may easily be proved, but thia fact is veiled from many persons be cause they have never known any thing better. The farmers are the greatest sufferers. Where wagon wheels' sink hub-deep in mud at some seasons, a farmer who has much haul ing to do must keep one or two more horses than he would need if he had only hard, even road 3 to go over, and his losa in the wear and tear of horse flesh, harness and wagons is a heavy tax on hia income. It often happens that a farmer finds the roads absolute ly impassable with a loaded wagon just at a time when his produce would bring the highest price if he could haul it to a railroad, and he is forced to wait and take a lower price later. Livery stable keepers and all other owners and users of horses and vehicles suffer from bad roads in a similar way. In order to obtain better roads two things are necessary. The first id to create a general conviction that the improvement of our highways is im perative, and that money wisely ex pended for this purpose is sure to re turn. The second requisite is to place all road making and mending under the charge of competent road builders. Various iff jrts to secure these ends are being made and the aid of county and State authorities, and even the National Government, has been in voked to further the movement. While it is very desirable that the highways of ac j lining localities should be under some central supervision, so that they may be made to form a connected whole, it may be questioned whether the National Government could be an effective agency in road improvement. Why, for instance, should the dwellers beyond the Mississippi and on the Pacific Coast be taxed to maintain in Washington a echool for road engi neers and a museum of road construe tion that few, if any, of these distant communities could derive any benefit from? A more practicable scheme would be to have instruction in road engineering given at each of the State Colleges of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. In a country showing euch wide diffarences in soil, rainfall, tempera tire and topography between different sections as the United States does, road building can be taught and adminis tered far more efficiently by the State or the county than by the Nation. Tnere ia need of much intelligent care in framing legislation in the in terestofthe movement for better roads. Annoying prohibition should be no part of the policy of tha road reform era. For instanco, larg3 loads carried on wheels having narrow felloes and tires do great damage to roads ; hence it has been proposed to prohibit nar row tire3 on heavy wegocs. A much better polioy ia that adopted in Michi gan, ot giving a reduction cf cue half their road tax to those who will use broad tires. The movement for good roada ehows a lusty vigor. The suc cess that it haa already achieved ia splendid tes:imony to tho efficiency of voluntary aasoeiation cf individuals, and if its leaders continue to carry it on without the paralyzing patronage of the general government it i3 likely to attain great results-Popular Science Monthly. WHEAT EXPERIMENTS. Kansas Fxperinient Station, Manhattan, Kansas. Wheat went through tho winter in good condition and started well in the spring, when March 22 a freezo cut it to the ground. This delayed ripening two weeks, making it so late that it waa caught by the black ruet after the usual time of ripening. The black rust appeared June 17ch as most of our wheat was in the dough, and in three days wheat that had promised a yiold of 30 to 40 bushels per ecre waa hardly worth cutting, the plants were dead, the straw fallen over and the grains shrunken to less than half eize. We grew fifty four varieties, but most of them were so badly i jaredby the rust that they were not cut. The highest yield of the Turkey, our stand ard hard wheat, was 18 bushels per acre, while the highest yield of the Zimmerman, our standard soft wheat, was 28 bushels per acre, A test was made to determine in a drouth and harrow it into shape ready for seeding at the usual time or wait until a rain comes and then plow. The early plowing was made July 30, the ground turning up hard and lumpy. It was worked with harrows and float until in fair tilth. October 16-17 a rain fell, wetting the ground four to six inches, and the late plowing was made, the land fitted and both early and late plowed plats seeded. From the time the wheat started until it was struck by the rust that on the early plowed ground appeared more thrifty and promised a better yieli. The rust ruined all plats. The early plowed land yielded 6 4 bushela per acre, the late plowed 6 5 bushels. A trial was made of ordinary and thorough preparation of ground for wheat That given ordinary treatment was harrowed and floated until in fair condition, but having many small clods on the eurface, a condition liked by many j.ansaa wneai growers, mac given thorough treatment was gone over with dice harrow and float until a fine dust mulch four inches deep was made. Ttie ordinary treatment yielded 19 bushels per cere, weighing 53 7 pounds per struck bushel. The thor ough treatment gave 22 4 bushels per acre, weighing 51 7 pounds per struck bushel, a gain in yield of nearly 18 per cent, for thorough treatment. Two trials were made of ordinary treatment of ground for wheat, thor ough treatment and of treating in with the Campbell eub eurface packer. In one test theyielda were, ordinary treat ment 15.5 bushels, thorough treatment 17 7 bushels, and treated with the sub surface packer 18.4 bushels. In the other trial the yields per acre were, ordinary treatment 8 6 bushels, thor ough treatment 9 8 bushels, eub sur face packer run over the ground once 10 4 bushels, and packer used three times 10 7 bushels. The station has had an acre in wheat continuously for the past eighteen years without manure to test the fer tility of the land Tnia year just before the appearance of the rust thia acre promised a yield of 30 bushela. The wheat was nearly destroyed by tho rust and the yield was 9 77 bushela. The product of eighteen yeara haa been 342 5 bushela, an average of 19 bushels per year, The chief work of the station thia season in wheat has been in crossing varieties to secure higher yields and more gluten. Three thousand crosses were made thia summer and will bo planted this fall. i POTATOES IN VIRGINIA, Thia week eeea the end of a profitable potato crop. Most potato growers have made money. Our usual crop is a half million barrels, grown within 20 miles of Norfolk, and thia year the price has hovered close around the $3 per barrel mark for good stock. At one time the price broke because of eo niU3h poor stock (nripe and half growt) forced on tho market, but th9 market haa re covered and ha3 eiace held steadily. I visited a farm ia3t week where I eaw eucceasful potato growing. Last year tfce owner eold hia potatoes for 19,500, grown on 125 acres of land. Ho then gre w a second crop of potatoes on part of the 125 acre3 and corn on the rest. Tne crops grown on the 125 acres in one season reached in value fully $13 000. Taia year from 200 acres in potatoes he expects to sell 10,000 bar rels at such prices aa will bring him f 2 per barrel on the farm. A week ago CONTINUED ON PAGE 8