t w trea Published Weekly at Raleigh, N. C. Mrs. L. L. Polk, Clarence H. Poe, Proprietor. Editor. Benjamin Irby, ) Corresponding r Frank E.Emery, ( Editors. J. W. Denmark, Business Manager. SUBSCRIPTION Single Subscription One Year. . .$1.00 " Six Months. . . .50 Three Months, .25 " 'The Industrial and Education al Interests of our People Para mount TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS of State Policy,' is the motto of The Progressive Farmer, and upon this platform it shall rise or fall. Serving no master, ruled by no faction, cir cumscribed by no selfish or narrow policy, its aim will bo to foster and promote the best interests of the whole people of the State. It will be true to the instincts, traditions and history of the Anglo-Saxon race. On all matters relating specially to the great interests it represents, it will speak with no uncertain voice, but will fearlessly the right defend and impartially the wrong condemn." From Col. Polk's Salutatory, Feb. 10, 1SSG. RENEWALS The date opposite your name on your paper, or wrapper, shows to what time your subscription is paid. Thus 1 Jan. '00, shows that payment has been received up to Jan. 1, 1900; 1 Jan. '01, to Jan. 1, 1901, and so on. Two weeks are required after money is re ceived before date, which answers tor a receipt, vn be changed. If not properly changed within two weeks after money is sent notify us MSUO N T I N U A N C KS lies ponsi ble su user il -trs will continue to receive this journal until the publishers are notified by letter to discon tinue, when all arrearages must be paid. If you do not wish the journal continued for another vear after your subscription baa expired, you should then notify us to discontinue it. Address all business frrcs:ronilence to and make money orders payable to "Thk Pkoukks- i'akmek, IlAi.F.iuir. N.C.," aud not to any J SI VK F individual connected with the paper. lie sure to give both old and new addresses in ordering change of iostomce. The Puo'jukssi vk Fakmkk is the Official Organ of the North Carolina Fanners' .state Alliance. When sending your renewal, be sure to give exactly ths name on !;ih.'l and postotrice to which the copy ot paper you receive is sent. Editorial. ALLIANCE MATTERS. Visiting Hillsboro last week, we found Secretary Parker quite optim istic as to the future of the Alliance. The Order is steadily gaining ground in spite of political excitement, and unless all signs fail, with good man agement and brotherly feeling on the part of the present members viin things essential, unity; in all things, charity" thorough re-organization after the August election will be easy. From Columbus, Wayne, Guilford, Brunswick and nearly all other counties comes news of steadily in creasing numbers and renewed en thusiasm. A new Sub. has recently been organized in Alexander and a general revival in the Piedmont and mountain counties is expected. Bro. Parker has nearly 62, 000 worth of Alliance shoes on hand and wishes it known that he is still ready to till orders. The shoes have given almost universal satisfaction. The State Alliance adjourned last year to meet again August 14th, 1000. This is only a few days after the August election and most Alliance men with whom we have talked be lieve that it would be better to post pone the State meeting for two or three weeks. Political feeling will then have subsided and the brethren will have had time to consider plans arfd measures for the promotion of the Alliance cause. Going only a few days after the culmination of a heated campaign, it is feared that the delegates would not be prepared by previous study, planning, and consultation with brother Alliance men, for the really great work be fore them. If a majority of the counties at their July meetings in struct their delegates not to go to Hillsboro August 14th, ask the Presi dent to call a meeting within a stated period after that time, the delegates to attend the called meeting, the Shite Alliance meeting can be post poned ; otherwise, it cannot be done. Several counties have already de clared in favor of the change and so tar only one has opposed it. President Cluirles D. Mclver, of the State Normal and Industrial College, who has been often men tioned as the man best lifted to suc ceed Dr. Alderman as President of ; neighbors turn ashy pale and gives the State University, announces pos- to the landscape the hues which it itivcly that he is not a candidate for ' takes in a stereoscopic picture. The the position and could not accept if moment the last ray of light disap elected. In this we believe Dr. Me- pears there bursts upon the specta Iver has acted wisely. v While he tor a vision so marvelously beauti would be a worthy successor to Dr. ! ful, so startling by its novelty, that Alderman, he has had long exix'ri- his self-possession and self-control rncc in the education of young wo- desert him." 1. . 1 j.i . . - ' - r men, iia.s gicn this subject careful , ivcu mi.-, .suoject careiui , enthusiastic study, and is exception- ' ully well qualified for the position he posit now fills. We are glad that he will ""remain wU-the Normal. THE ECLIPSE. The total eclipse of the sun, booked for the 2Sth of this month, is a mat ter of interest to the whole world and ought to be of special interest to North Carolinians in view of the fact that Old Sol has specially favored our State in his little per formance. As a fully total eclipse this will bo seen only along a path fifty miles wide, which crosses Mexico, darts across the Gulf and runs straight from New Orleans to Norfolk, crosses the Atlantic and ends in northern Africa. The path in America includes Mobile and Montgomery, Ala., Macon and Mil ledge ville, Ga., several South Caro lina towns, and in our own State, Wadesboro, Fayetteville, Raleigh, Smithfield, Nashville, Louisbur Eden ton, and intervening country. To the unaided eye the eclipse will appear total throughout the State. At Raleigh the eclipse begins at 7 :37 a. m., becomes total at 8 : 40 and ends at 10 : 10 a. m. Some of the world's most noted astronomers will observe the eclipse at Wadesboro. Not within more than a century, perhaps several certuries, have conditions been so favorable for observing a total eclipse of the sun in this State. An eclipse is caused, it is unneces sary to shite, by the dark body of the moon passing between the earth and the sun and thus obstructing the sun's light and throwing a shadow upon our planet. A solar eclipse v,v"" j moon is now, just as an OClipSO of the - , , ., moon nappens oniy wnen mu mouu is full. The sun can never remain totally eclipsed to any part of the world longer than seven minutes and 58 seconds. In the eclipse of this year, the duration of totality is very short, being little more than a min ute near New Orleans, and less than a minute and a half in North Caro lina. Americans have been quite fortun ate in the matter of total eclipses of the sun, this month's being, we be lieve, the third or fourth of the century. On the other hand, only one total solar eclipse has been visi ble in London, England, for more than seven hundred years and the next one does not become due for six hundred years. Nothing so excited and terrified our ancestors of a few centuries ago as these eclipses. Nor is it sur prising that thoy were so affected. Of all the phenomena of nature, nothing is said to be more awe-inspiring. The famous Professor Grant says : "On no other occasion does the display of stupendous power in the economy of the physical universe exercise so subduing an influence over the mind, or produce so humili ating a conviction of the impotence of all human efforts to control the immutable laws of Nature and arrest the course of events, as when the ' glorious orb of day, while ri ling in j the heavens with unclouded splen-; dor, begins to melt away from an ' unseen cause, and soon totally dis- appears, leaving the whole; visible j world wrapped in the sable gloom of j nocturnal darknoss. The scene is j rendered still more impressive by the J circumstances accompanying so re- j markable an occurrence. The ! heavens assume an unnatural aspect, which excites a feeling of horror in j the spectator ; a livid hue is diffused j over all terrestrial objects ; plants close up their leaves as on the ap proach of night ; the fowls betake themselves to their resting-places ; the warbling of the grove is hushed in profound silence ; in other words, universal Nature seems to relax her energies, as if the pulse which stimu lated her mighty movements had all at once stood still." A gentleman who observed the eclipse of August 7, 186D, says of it : "No one who has not seen a total eclipse of the sun can fully appre ciate the grandeur of the occasion. As the light, ray by ray, is cut off, a strange and ghastly darkness comes down upon us ; not like the darkness of night, but a violet colored dark ness which makes the faces of our icantimo. we hooet for fair ix-aimine, we hope i wcuther and an unclouded si day of tho 0(;lile. iky on the The President, cannot attend Charlotte celebration this week. the The Progressive Farmer, May 22, 1900. WHAT CONGRESS IS DOING. According to the Washington Post, the House leaders say they will be ready for the sine die adjournment June 1, but allowing for delays and accidents incident to the closing up of the session, they are not inclined to think both Houses will be ready to quit before June 10th. Among-the items in the general deficiency bill taken up in the House last week was one of $20,000 for ex penses incurred by Richmond Pear son in his contest. The Senate, after a protracted dis cussion, has passed the Naval Appro priation bill. By this measure, as finally agreed to the Secretary , of the Navy is authorized to procure armor of the best quality at $445 per ton ; but if he is unable to obtain it at that price, he is then authorized to pay $545 per ton for the armor for the battleships Maine, Ohio and Missouri, and proceed to erect a government armor factory at cost not to exceed $4,000,000 one half of which amount is made immediately available. Congress had another sensation last week. W. A. Clark, the mil lionaire Senator from Montana, fur nished this one. It will be remem bered that every member of the com mittee appointed to consider his case became convinced that his elec tion was accomplished by the whole sale use of bribes and that common honesty aud decency demanded his expulsion from the Senate. Finding that he was to be kicked out, Clark, on last Tuesday, rose to a question of personal privilege, announced that he had telegraphed his resignation to the Governor of Montana, and bade farewell to his colleagues. Right here it may be stated that tho Governor of Montana, Mr. Smith, is an avowed enemy of Clark, while the millionaire Senator has no firmer friend than the Lieutenant-Governor of the State, Mr. Spriggs. Well, Clark telegraphed his resignation to tho Governor of Montana, but it so happened (?) that Governor Smith was absent on a business trip to another State, leaving Spiggs acting Governor. Whereupon Spriggs ac cepted the resignation of Clark, and within a few hours appointed the self-same W. A. Clark to fill the va cancy caused by the resignation. This, it appeared, would make Clark safe, for while it could be shown that he was elected by fraud, the Governor had a perfect right to ap point him to fill the vacancy. But the end is not yet. The Semite is naturally. annoyed at Clark's little scheme to avoid expulsion. And on Friday, 18th, the committee resolved to press to a vote the original resolu tion declaring that his election kiis null and void on account of briberies, attempted briberies and corrupt prac tices by his -agon Is and of violations of the laws of Montana (leaning and punishing crimes against the elec titive franchise." The passage of this resolution could not, of course, affect Clark's title by appointment, but it would give him a hint as to the feeling of the Senate and the country as to his election and the methods adopted to accomplish it. And the situation is still further complicated. Gov. Smith returned to Montana Friday, revoked acting Governor Spriggs' appointment of Clark, and appointed Martin Magin nis to fill the vacancy caused by Clark's resignation. As reasons for this action Smith asserts that Clark's re-appointment was secured "under circumstances and conditions which indicate collusion and fraud." He asserts, we believe, that a Clark agent induced him to leave the State Thus the matter stands as this is writ ten. The case is undo abtedly without a parallel in. American history. In the matter of anti-trust legisla tion, Congress proposes a Constitu tional amendment that is worse than nothing, a cowardly makeshift. The amendment would give Congress power to dissolve a North Carolina corporation, were if not objection able to the people of this State. It is not at all probable that such an amendment could be adopted. Con gress pretends to favor anti-trust legislation, yet continues to protect the worst trusts in the land by high tariffs on products controlled by mo nopolies. If our law-makers would prove their faith by their works, let them no longer protect from outside competition these gigantic robbers of the peoiJle. - The General M. E. Conference will vote this week on the resolution censuring President McKinley for alleged shortcomings in temperance mutters. Great interest is manifested. STOPPING A PAPER. Editor Johnson of Charity and Children recently scored that class of people who discontinue their sub scription by "a cutting message on a postal card, 'Stop my paper,' or the abrupt information sent by a post master, "refused,' without a word of explanation." Continuing, he said: "If the Editor has offended you, or if you do not wish to continue taking his paper, sit down and wTrite the man a decent letter (not a postal card) and tell him all about it. That is the polite thing to do, and while it will cost you two cents it will be money well invested. Besides it will give the editor a chance to defend himself against possible injustice and may open your eyes to some facts you did not know before. It al ways pays to do the fair thing. Spend two cents and quit like a man. You will feel better for it and save the feelings of another." While we have very little cause for complaint along this line, as the circulation of The Progressive Far mer is steadily increasing and few of the old guard dropping off we never theless feel like endorsing the state ments quoted from Bro. Johnson. Only last week a gentleman called at the office to stop his paper because of a misunderstanding of our position on a certain matter. A moment's explanation put him straight. Had he adopted the mode criticised by Bro. Johnson ho would still have a mistaken idea of our course. CONTROL OF CONTAGIOUS DISEASES OF LIVE STOCK. There has just been issued from ' the Biological Division of the State ! Dejjartment of Agriculture a neat pamphlet under tho above title. I Readers of The Progressive Farmer ' whose names are not on the depart- ! ment mailing list will do themselves ; a benefit by sending for this pam- i phlct and registering their names ' for other publications of this depart- ment of the State government. ! You will find this one full of mat- i ter pithy and pointed injts line and I this for your benefit. The State De- i partment of Agriculture is taking an advanced stand all along the line of agricultural improvement and in the ! division which issues the pamphlet I -i . ii now under review is seconu to no similar division in any State. You will note that not only is it in close touch with the U. S. Bureau of Ani mal Industry, but that that Bureau is being asked to define its position and to take position on movement of stock in relation to diseases which may be regulated, but which without such regulation might result in in jury to North Carolina breeders. The present Board of Agriculture is a progressive set of men and have installed active efficient officers in this department. The conse'quence is a real awakening along new lines and the effusion of more life into the department, perhaps, than ever be fore certainly more than since the days of Col. Polk, when this was a new untried part of the State gov ernment. The stock law and quarantine map is well worth a postal card to secure the bulletin. It is included in the bulletin. This shows all free range and stock law territory as defined by present State laws. The U.S. Quar antine line is also shown . This line marks the boundary by which the value of all cattle on the South and East are condemned to pass to the shambles for immediate slaughter if shipped to any Northern point. This is an effectual barrier against the free shipment of even the very best of breeding stock. The bulletin says : The Federal quarantine of the cattle traffic of 81 counties of " this State, while the traffic of 16 others is not intered with, leads to a consideration of the means by which they too may obtain free traffic. The conditions of the stock law area are such that on the part of cattle owners but lit tle EFFORT IS NECESSARY TO FREE ITS ENTIRE TRAFFIC. If this last statement is true and we know it to be true then the cat tle owners of all the stock law region have the power to remove the dis crimination of the U. S. quarantine law against the movement and there fore the value of their cattle by a "little effort." That this effort will be accompanied by saving much value in cattle now sometimes lost by disease and raising the value of stock in the territory thus freed irom restraint is without question and will be so recognized as fast as these cattle owners begin to investi gate it for themselves. Crush out disease, gentlemen, and take your legitimate places in the live stock traffic of the nation. F. E. E. HONOR TO WHOM HONOR IS DUE. No one has more severely con demned the present election law than The Progressive Farmer. We believe, however, that it should have credit for each and every fair provision it contains. It is being charged that it gives to the Demo crats all the judges of the election. The charge is untrue. The law says that the county board of elections shall appoint twp persons "who shall act as judges of the election at each place of holding elections in their respective districts, each of whom shall be men of good character and able to read and write, and they shall be of different political parties." RAPE IN NORTH CAROLINA. In the article by Prof. Henry printed last week he says : "So far as known to the writer the only in sect pest attacking rape is a plant louse which severely injures it in hot weather." There is another insect, also a bug, which does great harm to rape in North Carolina. This is the terrapin bug, or calico bug, (murgantia his trionica) . Rape should be sown very early for spring use or in later mid-summer for fall grazing for two reasons. First, that it does better at those times and corn, cow pea, or sorghum does much better in the early sum mer ; while, second, the bug enemy will thus be avoided except during seasons which there is much dry hot weather in the fall. F. E. E. COMPOSITION OF OLEOMARGARINE AND NOTES. From report of Internal Revenue Bureau to Congress, May 14th, 1900: Natural Lard 34.27 Oleo Oil 26.82 Cottonseed Oil 4.77 Sesame 53 Coloring Matter 16 Sugar 12 Glycerine 01 Stearine 07 Milk 1.5.-35 Salt 7.42 Butter Oil 4.76 Butter 1.72 Cream 3.86 100.06 The above was taken from Raleigh Morning Post May 15th, 1900. This shows manufacturer's formula as we understand it for the year ending June 1899. What factorv, or com bination of factories used this for mula is not stated. Some of the figures are not exact, since it should foot down to 100. There is less stear ine than we had been led to suppose. If this is the general formula for oleomargarine to date the water in it could come from the milk used in the manufacture. There would be some water from the cream. But the finished product contains much less salt than given in the formula, so the per centage of each other in gredient would be somewhat higher than given in the above formula. But New York chemists have "found from 9 to 11 per cent, of paraffine in several lots they ana lyzed." "Paraffine is an absolutely indigestible petroleum product." "The editor of the Chicago Dairy produce has ascertained that a large quantity of stearine is used in the cheaper goods where a great deal of cotton seed oil is used in order to give the mixture the body that is necessary." Thus it would seem that even the revenue officials have been duped as to the composition of this .stuff and that there is no end to the cheap stuff that is used when it can be found cheaper than some thing else and that consistency can be reduced or increased at will of operator by using "any old thing" at hand without regard to statements filed in Washington or to consumers' stomachs. The more this fraud is aired the more reasons come to light why this nefarious trade should be taxed into "innocuous desuetude." TUBERCLE BACILLI FOUND IN OLEOMAR GARINE. Hoard's Dairyman for May 4th quotes the London Lancet as authori ty for the statement that Margenroth of the Hygienic Institute of Berlin has found virulent tubercle bacilli in 9 samples out of twenty examined. This is 45. Our con tempo remarks : "We readily see the necessity for rigid legislation to restrain this great fraud of the present century." GROUT BILL. Representative Wadsworth, Chair man of the House Committee on Ag riculture, has given his word that this bill will be brought up May 23rd. The friends of this measure pure food and dairymen, with all food consumers are confident it will pass safely. This means much for dairy men and pure food. , F. E. E, A SQUARE STAND FOR tut.. When there was a lull in the i ings on the Grout bill caused w " delaying tactics of the sulK.0Tl J tee, we several gloomy letters from disc North Carolina dairymen. these wTe forwarded to Hon. Tlie0 v Klutz, at Washington. D. c.( -y.' not only a member of Con-re t also a loyal member of the X State Dairymen's Association, as th( following letters attest. We did ( know of Mr. Kluttz's sickness untj it was announced in the papers that he had returned to his seat in th House. There he had only caught up with his duties enough to us tho day of the vote on the Tawney resolution. We asked leave to prin't this letter and are glad also to lave the honor of presenting a fuller 0ne on the same subject. Readers will note, as stated else where, that Representative Wads worth, of New York, Chairman of the Committee on Agriculture, ha-, given his word that the Grout bill will be brought up on Wednesday May 23d, and we may be able to an nounce the fate of the measure jn next week's Progressive Farmer, and also the vote of each North Carolina member of both houses of Congress on this measure, which is of so much impor tance to people who ha vt t pur: chase their food and to dairy? nen. WV regret that so many North Carolina representatives "went wron-v' on the Tawney resolution, but trust that all will support the Grout bill F. E. E. Washington, D. C, May s, Dear Mr. Emery: I have boon quite sick with "grippe" for ton days, which explains delay in answering yours of 2nd. I note Mr. Darin's let ter and have had a numher of the same tenor. I feel much interest in the fight against the oleo fraud, and hope we are going to down it. After a determined fight today the Houso passed the Tawney resolution by a good majority, calling on the depart ment for the statements of composi tion of the stuff, filed by the makers. They fought it vigorously. I fed confident of the passage of the (rout bill if we can get a square vote en it. Sincerely yours, Theo. F. Kluttz. Washington, D. C, May 17, 19V. FrankE. Emery; Esq., Raleigh, N. C; Dear Sir: Your favor of 11th inst. to hand. I wrote you hurriedly and with no thought of print, but I have no objection of being quoted on the oleomargarine question. I am in favor of pure foods, and especially of genuine butter. The vote on the Tauney resolution, Inch I heartily supported, shows v.hat the House would do if it could eta chance to vote on the Grout bi" That vote, on a privileged qucstk.-n. was a triumph over the Ways and Means Committee, and was really a test vote on the question. I favored it, because I thought the House i.ml the public entitled to know the real composition of the oleo stuff, nd this knowledge, I believe will d much to open the eyes of tho country to the deleterious nature of this sub stitute for butter. The Grout bill does not propose to interfere with the manufacture or sale of oleomargarine as such, but it does seek to restrict its manufacture and sale to its own merits, and to prevent its fraudulent sale as and for genuine butter. The additional tax of ten cents per pound is im posed only when it is colored in no tation of butter, and I can see no honest objection to this, but instead, a protection not only to the dairy in terests, but to the butter-buying and butter-eating public as well. If the stuff is wholosomc, as the manufacturers allege, let it he sold in its natural state, on its merits, and not as a colored counterfeit of pure .butter. If not so colored and l fMT is n- ot levied upon it. The revelations of the iniquitous frauds in Pennsyl vania show how necessary such legi' lation is. Very truly, yours, Theo. F. Kllttz. Pass the Grout bill and the con sumers of millions of pounds of ok j will buy butter instead, the prie 0 butter will be substantially increase and new life will be put into W dairy business. Watch how yur Congressman votes on this measure Republican State Chairman Holt' rejects Mr. Simmons' offer of discussion, charging that bad teUl1 of Democracy, red shirts, etc, this course host for the il ea- State. I n. b V

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