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Tho Progressive Farmer, July 31, 1900. Published Weekly at Raleigh, N. C Mbs. L. L. Polk, - - Proprietor Clarence H. Poe, - - Editor. Benjamin Irby, ) Corresponding . Frank E.Emery, J Editors. J. W.. Denmark, Business Manager. , SUBSCRIPTION Single Subscription One Year. . .$1.00 tc ti Six Months. . . .50 Three Montns, .25 'The Industrial and Education al Interests of our People Para mount TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS op State Policy, ' is the motto of The Progressive Farmer, and upon this platform it shall rise or fall. Serving no master, ruled by no faction, cir cumscribed by no selfish or narrow policy, its aim "will be to foster and promote the best interests of the whole people of the State. It will be true to the instincts, traditions and history of the Anglo-Saxon race. On all matters relating specially to the great interests it represents, it will speak with no uncertain voice, but mil fearlessly the right defend and impartially the wrong condemn." From Col. Polk's Salutatory, Feb. 10, 1886. The Progressive Farmer is the Official Organ of the .North Carolina Farmers' State Alliance. RENEWALS The date opposite your name an your paper, or wrapper, shows to what time your subscription is paid. Thus 1 Jan. '00, hows that payment lias been received up to Jan. 1, 1900; 1 Jan. '01, to Jan. 1, 1901, and so on. Two weeks are required after money is re ceived before date, which answers lor a receipt, can be changed. If not properly changed within two weeks after money is sent notify us. DISCONTIN V ANCES Responsible subscrib ers will continue to receive this journal until the publishers are notified by letter tn discon tinue, when all arrearages must be paid. If you do not wish the journal continued for another year after your subscription has expired, you should then notify us to discontinue it. Be sure to give both old and new addresses in ordering change of postoffice. Adlressall business correspondence to and make monev orders payable to "The Progres sive Farmer, Raleigh, N.C," and not toany iricKvidual connected with the paper. Editorial. ATTENTION, ALLIANCEMEN! Secretary Parker requests us to repeat" and urge upon Presidents of county Alliances the importance of having a call meeting of each county organization that failed to meet in July. It is important that every County Alliance having one or more live Subs, be represented at the State meeting. "Where for any reason a county meeting was not held at the regular time, let the president at once call a meeting to be held before State meeting, say Thursday, August 9th, or Saturday, August 11th. This is a matter that admits of no delay ; let the call be made at once. To make these county meetings a success, every Sub. must be repre sented. If your Sul. has not met in some weeks, have a call meeting at once, let every member be present, pay his dues, and send a good man as delegate to county meeting. The campaign is over. Get your Subs, together ; get county organiza. tions in good shape, and all together for a great State meeting at Hills boro, August 14th, and the great work of re-organization that is to follow! The order is, that we go forward ! EDITORIAL NOTES. The country's corn crop this year will Ix? immense. The Goebel murder trial is in pro gress. Thus far there have been no important developments. It is asserted that Towne will be withdrawn from the Populist ticket. Bryan, if elected, will give him a cabinet position. Bryan's notification speech will be devoted entirely to imperialism. Currency and trusts will have atten tion in his letter of acceptance. The Legislature met here last Tuesday, only a few members attend ing, and no business was done. They adjourned to meet again Monday, 30th, but as we go to press only a few members have arrived and it is certain that no business will be transacted. An advertising agency sends us an article in defense of the trusts pre pared by the Rt. Rev. Samuel P. Jones. We will gratify the Rev. Mr. Jones' morbid desire for pub licity only so long as it takes us to say that it is not our intention to publish any of his stuff. " The news from China is very, very unsatisfactory and stale. The daily newspapers use several columns each day to say that they know nothing about the situation and to tell why they know nothing. The outlook is very gloomy and an avalanche of horrible news is not unexpected. The alliml message from Conger Bvvn in our last issue is not con sidered reliable. The election occurs Thursday. Go to the polls and vote your con science and your convictions, allow ing no man to swerve you from the course you believe to be right by threats or by flattery. Do all you can to preserve peace and order and to keep the. "hot heads" in check. Disturbances on election days should not be tolerated in a civilized State. Charity and Children, the paper which, in our opinion, has made more improvement during the past two years than any other one of our North Carolina exchanges, has just entered its fourteenth volume. It is an excellent paper. Some other re ligious editors will do well to study this paragraph from its last issue : "In the capacity of a citizen we have strong political convictions, and we do not hesitate to say what we believe, but as the editor of the Orphanage organ we have no politics and know no party." The Progressive Farmer is sold upon its merits. We do not attempt to attract silly non-subscribers by guesses at tne popuiauon oi 'tuts United States, or other catch-penny schemes. If you subscribe for I he Progressive Farmer you pay your money and get a paper worm it; then if you care, to risk any hard and honestly won dollars in a scheme that has been so carefully planned by the promoters that it is next to impossible for them to lose anything, you are at liberty to do so. The July or "Apple" Bulletin of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture has made its appearance. It is beautifully illustrated and is as useful as it is ornamental. Most of the work on this bulletin, we under stand, was done by the efficient Sec retary, Mr. T. K. Bruner. One of the most valuable features of the publi cation is Mr. George E. Boggs' paper on apple culture, to which we have already referred. If you have not yet taken our advice and had your name entered on the regular Bulletin list, send for a copy of the July number. Recent outbreaks of small boy thieves m liaieign nave made many supporters for the reformatory idea. The best people of the State have been working for years for the estab lishment of such an institution for young criminals. But while Legisla tures have appropriated many thou sand dollars for less worthy objects, the reformatory is not yet in sight. And as legislative candidates this year have devoted themselves almost entirely to discussion of the amend ment a matter with which the Legislature will have nothing to do it is not likely that many of them are pledged to any important reform. Prominent memlxjrs of the Alli ance in each political party have written us this year on the Constitu tional amendment and other politi cal issues, but they have done so as individuals, making no attempt to drag the Order into the controversy. No contributor has pronounced it treason to the Alliance to hold opin ions not in accord with his own, but 'granting honesty of purpose and good intention to others," the issues have been discussed in a plain, straight forward manner. If there is any virtue that has more than its share of "attention in the Alliance Declaration of Purposes, it is charity ; and every member is urged to recog nize the right of all men to think for themselves. "In things essen tial, unity ; in all things, charity." THE CAMPAIGN AND OUR POLICY. Before our next issue the campaign will be over. "Serving no master, ruled by no faction, circumscribed by no selfish or narrow policy," The Progressive Farmer has preserved a non-partisan attitude, and has spoken only in the interest of truth, toler ance, peace, and moderation. We are under obligations to no party or party boss, and whether Democrats or Fusionists win, you may expect from us a fearless and impartial account of the manner in which they serve the public and con duct themselves regarding their plat form pledges and all matters in which the people are interested. We know that we could have received from two to four times as much money during the past six months by adopting a partisan course as we have by the independent policy we have pursued, but we cannot shut our eyes to the truth wherever found nor condone a falsehood because upheld by some special set of men. We are still here an unmuzzled paper for the masses, and our circulation is consid erably larger than at the beginning of the campaign. SHALL WE GO FOBWABD ? Two weeks from the date of this issue of The Progressive Farmer the fourteenth annual session of the North Carolina Farmers' State Alii ance will begin. We hope that every delegate and alternate and many other wide-awake brethren will be on hand.. A State Alliance meeting is worth seeing, whether or not you are a delegate. If every Sub. could have one representative at the State meeting to get in touch with the faith, the enthusiasm, the determination there exhibited.the influence for good could hardly be over-estimated. The meeting of this year is one of unusual importance. It is to determine whether or not the order shall go forward. There is no doubt that the farmers of NorthGarolina realize, more keenly, perhaps, than ever before, the need of thorough organization. The trusts and com bines that have taken advantage of the farmer's unorganized condition to plunder him the grinding op pression of the tobacco trust, the revival of the jute bagging trust, and the organization of trusts in nearly every industry ren der the organization of the far mers a matter of absolute necessity. Those hitherto unwilling to acknowl edge this have at last been forced to a realization of the self-evident fact. There are many other facts that have rendered the organization of the farmers a matter of more vital importance ever before. The rapid develoxmient of manufacturing en terprises in North Carolina has made profitable branches of agriculture hitherto undeveloped ; a more pro gressive and profitable system of farming must be adojited. For edu cation in all matters, for a better social life among our people, for the general uplifting of agriculture and agricultural interests the Alliance is needed. The charge of partisanship so of ten brought against the Order for j years prevented reorganization, but i this charge was completely knocked out at the last State meeting and with proper work on the part of the State Alliance and its officers there seems to be nothing to prevent a general Alliance revival. While, on account of the campaign, there has been little progress made as to an increase of membership this year, there has been perhaps less scatter ing than usual during a campaign, while the change of sentiment among outsiders from, that of indiff erence or opposition to the Alliance to that of avowed frienHliness has been quite marked and general. Shall the Alliance seize the oppor tunity presented and by wise and judicious action and earnest work grow again to the strength it should have? Let the delegates to the State Alliance take the problem now and study it. So far as we have heard from, they are good men men anx ious to build up the Order upon the principles of the Declaration of Pur poses, who will go to Hillsboro with out "prejudice, unhealthy rivalry, or selfish ambition" and work for this great purpose. The opportunity is ours. Let us "lay aside every weight and run with patience the race that is set before us." No time must be lost. As Bro. Parker writes us : "The more I think about it, the more I see the need of vigorous work immediately after the State meeting. If we are to be tenants for the trusts, the sooner we realize it and adapt ourselves to the situa tion, the sooner we will get used to it and-stop lamenting." "There is a tide in the affairs of men, which, taken at the flood leads on to fortune ; omitted, all the voy age of their life is bound in shallows and in miseries. On such a sea are we now afloat; and we must take the current when it serve, or lose our ventures . ' y Let us act wisely. It is evident that the great fight in the election Thursday will be over the Legislature. Each party is willing to sacrifice everything else, if necessary, to capture it. If the reader has a limited amount of time wherein to keep in thorough touch with each months's doings in world happenings,then Cram's Maga zine should be read. A mere glance over the richly laden table of con tents for July proves that Cram's is a magazine that cannot be safely ig: nored by either the searcher after historic truth, or the mere reader for intense entertainment. Typo graphically, too, this months' issue shows wonderful improvement. HAYING AGAIN. Haying is one of the neatest and nicest operations on the farm. When cood weather prevails there is noth ing to do but cut, cure, and store the haY. It is a simple operation But there is more in it than seems, when the best quality of hay is to be made Some one must determine i when the grass is ready to be cut for the best and the most hay ; other work must be done, or subordinated to the hay making, and the curing must reach a certain stage in order that the hay may keep well and come out of mow," or stack, bright and with that delightful new hay smell which perfumers try to dupli cate. It must not be over cured either, for then the leaves are broken and lost and the hay is reduced in amount and quality. But it is when other work is press ing and rains, or showery weather interferes, that the farmer's capacity is taxed and he often has to change plans and do quite different work during a part of the day than he lays out and starts on in the morning This latter was the condition follow ing what we wrote about haying last month.. There had been Tain after rain and hoeing crops was delayed and early grasses were, cut over ripe and sometimes wet before the hay could be housed. The rains, how ever, were verv beneficial to later grasses, and when other work was finally caught up and late timothy was ready to be made into hay the weather became settled into bright sunny days that rejoiced the hearts of hay makers and those who had grain curing. For several years we have wished to see hay making done on a scale to use the side delivery rakes and hay loaders as shown in N. C. Exp. Sta tion Bulletin, "Forage Grasses and Hay Making," No. 125. Haying with these implements is very fine, when they all-work welL Sometimes just when one thinks things are moving along perfectly a break occurs and the dream that things are perfect is rudely broken. Here on Biltmore Dairy Farm this year the nearest to perfectly smooth working of these machines that we have ever seen has been realized but even here there is one lack yet the hay has to be put up into the shed mow by hand. The six-foot cutting mowers go over the ground pretty fast, but not so fast that the side delivery rakes cannot keep pace with them. With these in good weather tedders are seldom needed and scarcely ever would be used with the right kind of a mower. The loader takes the windrow up on the wagon as fast as the horses walk, and two men are required to keep it placed on the wagon so as to form a well shaped load. By this method of loading the hay is not easily pulled apart to be pitched off. The differ ent makes of power forks comes in here to advantage. Slings cannot be Used well because of disturbing the loading. We suggest slings to take off a whole load at one lift. This will make all the operations auto matic and only the scatterings will need handling. But with the implements in hand and no slings or forks more powerful than the four tined one man forks, thirty to forty loads per day of nice timothy hay was successfully stored. Farmer Brandley can tell some manufacturers of implements in use how and where certain little addi tions can be put in order to make the machines perfect automatons under rather harder conditions than they seem to have been fitted for when sent out. Plans are now laid to make the work go even smoother and bet ter next year than they have this, and we turn to cleaning the late corn. trimming up weeds, and threshing out the grain as soon as the latest can be cut stored and cured in readiness so the round of the farms with threshing machinery may not be interrupted. F. E. E. "Good order prevails over all the islands, says Governor-General Wood of Cuba, "and there is not a sign of disturbance or trouble. The island is self-supporting, and at the close of the fiscal year there was an available balance of $2,500,000. Thirty-one hundred schools have been opened, thirty-five hundred teachers are employed, and 30,000 pupils attended. Seven courts hav ing trials by juries have, been estab lished in the larger towns. This is Cuba's first experience with trial by jury and the jurors are chosen from the qualified electors of the island." Mention The Progressive Farmer when writing advertisers. BEHOVING C0EN TASSELS. - Correspondence of The Progressive Farmer. I am told that tfc pays to - pull out about one-fourth of the tassels in a corn field. Please - tell me whether or n0t there is any truth in the theory. A. M. D. Duplin Co., N. C. (Answered by Corresponding Editor Irby.) It does not pay to cut out these tassels indiscriminately. But the tassel on a" stalk with one ear, or none at all, should be cut out, as the tassel is the male part of the flower. Thus '"the pollen or yellow powder from the inf errior male will have as much influence as from the. good stalks if they are not cut out. The principle is the same as removing in ferior boars from the drove of hogs, or the inferior males of any kind from the herd. The silk is the female part of the flower. Every stran of silk must have some of the pollen to fall on it to fertilize the grain, so an abundance of pollen is very necessary. The greater the amount, Nthe more per fectly will the grain be fertilized. It would not be wise to cut tassels just for the sake of thining them out, but to eliminate the inferior ones is the thjng to do The Thinkers. TWO VIEWS OF THE PHILIPPINE PROB LEM. Whether one be in favor of or against expansion he must feel that he owes Henry Cabot Lodge a dis tinct debt of gratitude for the plain ness of speech employed in his ad dress before the Republican national convention last week in referring to his party's designs in the Philppines. He made no other pretense than that he was an imperialist, that is, that he believed in the holding of subject peoples without permitting them to enjoy the benefits and 7 privileges afforded by the constitution, and at once put the whole question of the future policy we should follow be fore the people in such a frank light that it may be considered upon its merits. He declared plainly we were not in the Philippines for philan thropy, but for business. He said : "We do not mean that the Philip- pines snail come witnin our tarm system or become part of our body politic. We do mean that they shall, under our teaching, learn to govern themselves and remain under our flag with the largest possible measure of home rule. We make no hypocriti cal pretense of being interested in the Philippines solely on account of others. While we regard the welfare of those people as a sacred trust, we regard the welfare of the American people first. We see our duty to our selves as well as to others. We be lieve in trade expansion. By every legitimate means within the province of government and legislation we mean to stimulate the expansion of our trade and to open new markets. Greatest of all markets is China. Our trade there is growtng by leaps and bounds. Manila, the prize of war, gives us inestimable advantages in developing that trade." It is something of a coincidence that about the very time Mr. Lodge was delivering his address at Phila delphia, letter written by William Jennings Bryan to a Knoxville, Tenn., paper, setting forth his views as to the rights of the Filli pinos, was published. In that letter Mr. Bryan said : "I believe that the rights of the Filipinos and the rights of the Cubans are identical. The recognition of the rights of the Cu bans by resolution did not create those rights. They existed before. If the Filipinos have a right to their in dependence, the fact that they fought for it does not justify us in carrying on a war of conquest. It is no more humiliating for a nation to recognize the rights of an opponent than for an individual to do so. We would have had the same trouble in Cuba if we had treated the Cubans the same as we have the Filipinos. We would have, had no trouble in the Philippine islands if we had treated the Filipinos as we have treated the Cubans. If we are going to give the Filipinos their independence we ought to say so at once, and thus avoid further bloodshed. How can we justify the sacrifice of American soldiers and the killing of Filipinos merely to show that we can whip them? The Bacon resolution re ceived the support of nearly every Democratic Senator, and was adopt ed by a Democratic caucus in the nouse. TUis resolution promised in dependence. If it had been accepted and acted upon when it was first in troduced there would have been no Filipino war. If it had been adopted at the time the vote was taken it wuua nave stopped the war. i GOOD Y70EK OF ROWAN COUNTY T?4t t rRS' AT T T ft urni? X Correspondence of The Progressive Farmer The July meeting of the County Farmers' Alliance has come and gone, but leaves upon record i the minds of some of the best citi zens of Rowan county the Memory of an nth fir social crnthpTnr ... 0 a internal greeting and a meeting of business capacity. This wa3 July meeting, and the time for the election of officer which resulted in a general change placing R. L. Brown in the chair and J. C. Bernhardt, of Salisbury Secretary. This change was made' not because of any incompetency 0r neglect of duty; but the Alliance is still true to its principles and still Opposes perpetual ofiice holding by the same man. The Alliance influ ence has been felt, and some of the great political bodies of the present day have learned some valuable les sons from it. Yet they say the Alii, ance is composed of a set of dunces simpletons, fools,dotes, ignoramuses wiseacres, blockheads, numsculls dullards, dunderpates, . clodpolls chuckle-heads, jolt-heads, nincom poops, sap-heads, and as many other bad names as they can think of, yet they have bowed to the teaching of these dunces, and must confess that they have learned something from them. Besides the regular order of busi ness, the subject of independent thinking was brought up. Here again the Alliance has food for all good citizens. He who has no thought of- his own is servant and slave to him who thinks for him, and is liable to be bought and sold, or cheated and robbed by his master. Such to day is the condition of many of our honest citizens ; their political bosses dictate and these good farmers do not think for themselves, but bow in humble submission, while their superiors suck the life-blood out of a good living. Alliancemen are generally inde pendent thinkers and the Alliance has in store many good plans by which the farmer could reduce his amount of labor, increase his amount of income, live more comfortably and prosperously. These are honest facts, and are within the reach of all the tillers of the soil. But these plans cannot be given out or brvugkt into effect without combined effort, or organization. Let it be stated again, that these advantages are in store for you if you will come through the proper channel to get them. Another subject for consideration' was the sub-store plan, i. e., let every Sub. adopt some plan by which it can receive and deliver to its members such articles as are most needed in the family. This might be done by making each Sub. a stock company ; each one put in so much stock, and sell to outsiders as cheaply as they can get such goods anywhere else and to members of the Alliance for less. Something like this is prac ticable. It is human to count gains and losses ; this would bring a gain to the stockholders, no loss to out siders and an inducement to be a member of the Alliance. A central county store might be gotten up on f1 a similar plan to supply these stores.' A beneficiary fund was also sug gested. Something like this: let each Sub. have a beneficiary treas ury, then left each member, or the boys or the girls, take a nickle or more and trade with it. This would be winning workers for the Alliance and instilling in the minds of the children a talent for business. When a sufficient gain is attained, use it for whatever object desired ; say to buy Alliance literature, to teach a music school, or to keep it as a re serve fund, belonging to each mem ber of the Sub. ; this would hold the members together and a chance for others to come in. The Alliance monument was not at all forgotten, or is in no way teil through. Instead of a plat of land two hundred feet each way, an acre is desired, which will make the place much more commodious and desir able. Our next convention is to be with Alpha, where we expect another pleasant and profitable meeting. And, by the way, I had almost for gotten to say anything about the sumptuous yes, abundant, and lus cious dinner. The people of Yost s certainly have something to eat something good and plenty of it ; a11, too, of the farmer's own production, and the ladies knew how to prepare it. Here again, we see the farmers power ; he has the rations, and ration have a power to bring any man to subserviency.. f R. L. Brown, Cor. Seo'y- 7
The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
July 31, 1900, edition 1
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