i
The Progressive Farmer, August 28, 1900.
State News.
- rgT TAR HEELS ARE, DOING.
of the State Press Drops of Turpentine
CdGrains of Rice From the East Clusters
f Grapes and Tobacco Stems From the
yorth Stalks of Corn and Grains
of Wheat From the West .
Peanuts and Cotton
Seed From the
South. -
(Congressman " Small writes the
Greenville Reflector that he will
have rural free delivery of
Jnails in Pitt county. Let the good
work go on.
Durham Herald: A month ago
e Tvere assured that with the pass
age of the amendment and the elimi
nation of the negro from politics it
would leave the white voters free to
form opinions as to the different
political issues and to vote accord
ingly, and now there seems to. he a
fear that they will exercise this
privilege.
Newton Enterprise : Cotton is he
ginning to open in early fields. There
is a fine crop of "bolls hut the young
ones and the squares are begining to
drop off on account of the severe
drought. The dried fruit trade is
beginning. This county has' the
largest peach crop for several years.
The dried fruit crop will be quite an
important item, of income to the
farmers.
Charity and Children : President
Venable, of the University of North
Carolina, is showing himself a man
of sound common sense as well as of
ability. We predict solid prosperity
for the University under his admin
istration. His policy seems to be to
heal rather than to wound. It is
folly to array our State school
against any other school, and the
president of the University will hold
out a friendly hand toward all our
people.
Notice has been given that on or
about September 1 light vessel No.
69 will be placed on Diamond Shoals
station, about six and three-quarter
miles east southeast from the east
erly point of the Outer Diamond
Shoal, about fifteen miles southeast
from Cape Hatteras light house, and
light vessel No. 71, now marking
that station, will be withdrawn.
Light vessel No. C9 will show lights
and sound a fog signal, having the
same characteristics as that of the
latter vessel and her general appear
ance will be the same as No. 71.
At least one defeated candidate
seems to have preserved his good
hnmor. F. M. Moore, defeated by
Dr. McNeill for the Legislature in
Brunswick county, writes the South
port Standard as follows: "Now
the question arises why Dr. McNeill
was elected? Why, bless your soul,
the answer is plain : simply because
he received more votes than I did.
Again, why did he get more votes
than myself? Because I was in favor
of the Amendment and a majority
of the people, like the Dr., were op
posed to it. I think every man has
a right to vote for who he pleases
nnder a republican form of govern
ment. I have no ill will to any one,
but it strikes me now, that I am
beat like the very old Nick."
m m
A FORWARD STEP.
The Holt-Morgan and the Tolar-Hart-Holt
Cotton Mills, which are
situated a mile and a half south of
this city, have about them two goodly
sized villages of operatives. These
companies have entered into an
agreement for the erection and main
tenance of a school for the children
of their villages, which promises
much for their welfare. They are
now erecting a large two-story, well
planned school building, which will
cost quite 12,000, and they will run
there a nine months' school They
11 supplement the public funds
"ith an amount sufficient to make
this long term possible.
They have also adopted a rule that
no child under twelve years of age
will Ijc allowed to work in their mills
and not then unless strong and able
Wied. These manufacturers are to be
commended for this action. Both
the educational provision and the
ae limit regulation are steps to
ward the betterment of the mill pop
tion. North Carolina is fast be
coming a manufacturing State and
111 many communities the manufac
turing people compose the great ma
jority. ' ' '
iU not other mills' follow the
Worthy example of these two Fay
teville mills? Such wholesome
Merest in the welfare of the work
ln people by the mill owners will go
ar toward continued harmony and
Sood will between capital and labor,
yetteville Baptist. . '
HOW THE COUNTIES VOTED.
The State Board of Elections met
Thursday and canvassed the vote
cast on the 2nd of August on the
Constitutional amendment. The vote
stood : For, 182,217 ; against, 128,285,
the majority for the amendment be
ing 53,932. The total vote cast was
310,502.,
The falling off in the vote of August
ak compared with that of 1898 is re
markable. It is 27,000. It is all in
the negro vote, practically.
The Board on Saturday canvassed
the vote for State officials. The vote
by counties for Governor was as
follows :
, Counties. Aycock. Adams.
Alamance 2,498 2,321
Alexander 892 1,027
Alleghany 784 607
Anson 2,015 522
Ashe..... 1,659 1,969
Beaufort 2,933 1,525
Bertie. : 2,675 998
Bladen 1,589 1,375
Brunswick 915 948
Buncombe.. 4,332 3,401
Burke.. 1,509 1,171
Cabarrus. 1,905 1,550
Caldwell 1,248 1,272
Camden. 545 567
Carteret 1,363 957
Caswell 1,421 1,33.3
Catawba 2,008 1,863
Chatham.: 1,755 1,894
Cherokee 778 1,080
Chowan. 1,055 984
Clay..... 388 418
Cleveland 2,652 1,172
Columbus 2,178 1,201
Craven 2,611 932
Cumberland 2,719 1,629
Currituck 1,002 374
Dare 524 406
Davidson 2,466 2,275
Davie 956' 1,367
Duplin .'. . '2,125 1,297
Durham 2, 765 2, 170
Edgecombe 3,758 385
Forsyth 2,913 2,432
Franklin 3,021 1,831
Gaston 2,514 1,584
Gates 1,232 603
Graham . . 396 343
Granville 2,540 1,527
Greene..- 1,474 .774
Guilford 4,071 3,343
Halifax... 6,618 877
Harnett 1,515 1,339
Haywood..... 1,736 1,244
Henderson 1,121 1,468
Hertford 1,368 429
Hyde 971 905
Iredell 2,779 2,319
Jackson 1,118 1,025
Johnston.... 3,777 1,750
Jones 906 694
Lenoir 2,101 1,123
Lincoln 1,341 1,288
Macon 1,044 1,059
Madison 1,176 2,374
Martin 2,002 990
McDowell.! 1,174 1,034
Mecklenburg 5,095 1,627
Mitchell 413 1,940
Montgomery 1,341 868
Moore 1,890 1,875
Nash 2,957 1,360
New Hanover 2,963 3
Northampton.. 2,438 1,096
Onslow 1,548 637
Orange 1,471 1,469
Pamlico 657 599
Pasquotank 1,502 926
Pender 1,260 276
Perquimans 959 732
Person 1,607 1,286
Pitt:.'...' 3,433 2,096
Polk . 534 650
Randolph 2,468 2,513
Richmond 1,645 185
Robeson 4,100 557
Rockingham 2,913 1,946
Rowan 3,157 1,519
Rutherford 2,389 2,092
Sampson. : 1,356 1,954
Scotland 1,065 25
Stanly M53 , 837
Stokes 1,519 1,944
Surry 2,154 2,594
Swain 540 816
Transylvania.....'.. 596 607
Tyrrell 591 410
Union .. . 2,379 660
Vance 1,304 944,
Wake. 5,732 4,448
Warren..... 2,133 1,069
Washington.... 976 '571
Watauga. 1,055 1,411
Wayne 3,828 1,878
Wilkes;... ......... 1,435 2,257
Wilson 2,916 1,430
Yadkin '.. 1,011 1,821
Yancey.... .' 986 1,081
Total.
. . 186,650
126,296
The Vance monument was unveiled
in the presence of 10,000 people, in
Capitol Square, Raleigh, last Wed
nesday.. The address of Mr. R..H.
Battle was a fine one.
' When an . Alliance resolves to do a
thing let every member go to work
until the end is accomplished. .
General News.
SPARKS FROM THE WISES.
Governor Beckham has issued a
proclamation convening the General
Assembly of Kentucky , in extra ses
sion on Tuesday, August 28th. The
only, subject to be considered is the
modification or amendment of the
Goebel law.
. The possible connection between
Bresci, the Italian murderer of King
Humbert, and the New Jersey group
of anarchist, which has been sug
gested since the assassination of the
king has moved our government to
take measures to investigate the an
archist situation in and around
New York. The authorities are
moving quietly, and it is not known
just what steps have been taken.
Prof. Charles Venable, for many
years professor and for the past five
years professor emeritus of mathe
matics of the University of Virginia,
ginia, died Saturday at his home in
Charlottsville. He was one of the
most distinguished educators in the
South, the author of several text
.books, and during the war between
the States served with distinction
on the staff of General R. E. Lee.
Delegates to the Congress of the
National Anti-Imperialist League met
in Indianopolis last week. They de
cided not to put up a ticket. The
following resolution passed : "While
we welcome any other method of op
posing the re-election of Mr. Mc
Kinley, we advise direct support of
Bryan as the most effective means
of crushing imperialism. We are
convinced of Mr. Bryan's sincerity
and of his earnest purpose to secure
to the Filipinos their independence.
His position and the declarations
contained in the platform of his par
ty on the vital issue of the campaign
meet our unqualified approval."
It is said that Northern Republi
cans must oppose the North Caro
lina amendment to hold the North
ern negroes in line. A Washington
Post correspondent puts it this way :
"The admission by the Chicago cor
respondent of the Post that the Re
publican managers are considerably
exercised about the negro vote in Illi
nois, Indiana, and Ohio brings the
public face to face with a truth, long
known to careful observers. Re
publican managers, to arouse en
thusiasm in the negro, must do more
than match the tactics of Democratic
management. They must catch some
of the old time enthusiasm and con
vince the negro that the Republican
party is not yet prepared to see the
fifteenth amendment nullified by men
who gave their sacred honor that it
should be kept inviolate as a part of
the Constitution."
The liberty congress of the Anti
Imperialists met at Indianapolis sev
eral days ago, and though not a
large assemblage was an enthusias
tic one. The most sensational fea
ture of the day was in the afternoon
when the venerable George S. Bout
well, secretary of the treasury under
Grant and ex-governor of Massa
chusetts, declared his position. Mr.
Boutwell said in part : "In my youth
I had do disguises. I turned aside
and left the Democratic party when
it surrendered to slavery. In my
age I leave the Republican party
now that it has surrendered itself to
despotic and tyrannical motives. I
helped create the Republican party,
a party at , that time of justice and
principle and honesty. I now be
lieve it is a party . of injustice and
despotism, and I will help to destroy
it. And how? There is but one
available means, and you know what
that is. I am for Bryan. I am for
Bryan in spite of what he may be
lieve concerning the currency or
finances of the country. This ques
tion to which we invite the country's
attention is a question of life or
death to the Republic,"
TRANSVAAL WAS NOT OVER.
London, Aug. 25. While ,the Brit
ish forces, under General Roberts,
continue to drive the Boers from
pillar to post, the burghers are in
flicting rather serious losses upon
the armies of the queen, and the de
cisive battle has not yet been fought
in South Africa. '
It has been expected for sometime
in London that Roberts would trap
the main army of the federalists and
bring the war to an end, but the
elusiveness of DeWitt and the other
burgher generals, whose familiarity
with the country enables them to
escape, with 'surprising regularity,
has thus far prevented the action
which it was hoped would end the
desultory hostilities. , .' .. J't
i .
QUIETER IH CHINA.
The Chinese trouble seems to be
blowing over. Gen. Chaffee says
the fighting is ended. The impor
tant development in the situation
last week was the decision of the
government not to send any .more
troops to China. All the troops at
sea, amounting to about 4,000, to
gether with those under orders for
service in the far East which have
not sailed, amounting to about 3,000
more, will be sent to Manila. These
troops will sail on the same route,
and upon touching at Nagasaki, , will
go on to Manila, unless there are de
velopments in China, not expected,
which would make . their presence in
that country necessary.
The Canadian postoffice, modeled
on the European system, goes far
ahead of that of Uncle Sam. While
2 pounds is the limit as to weight of
mail packages in the States, the
11-lb. parcels post keeps down the
ravenous appetite of the express com
pany combination on excessive rates.
Again, the postal savings bank fea
ture at 850 postofnces is a great ac
commodation. Every money order
opostofnce is obliged to received de
posits in amount up to $3,000, but not
to exceed $1,000 in any one year, on
which 3 per cent- interest is paid.
Over $162,000,000 has been received
in these popular banks in 30 years,
on which nearly $15,000,000 interest
has been paid. At present there is
about $35,000,000 deposited, with an
average credit to each depositor of
$245. The one place in which the
Canadian postoffice department is
slow is in the establishment of free
rural mail delivery. Ex.
The Georgia cotton crop is short,
and negro pickers very scarce. Few
can be secured, even at 50 per cwt.
The South Carolina crop is 25
short.
LIFE IN THE PHILIPPINES.
How cheap life is held in some of
our new possessions is instanced by
an American officer lately returned
from the Philippines. The Island of
Mindanao is governed by Datto
Dandy, most intelligent and courtly
of Moros, who more than once has
visited Madrid, and wears several
Spanish decorations, He is absolute
ruler of ten thousand warriors, with
unquestionable powers of life and
death A newspaper correspondent
wished to take Mandy's picture in
the characteristic pose of striking
down an enemy. It was difficult to
explain this wish without an inter
preter, but at last a smile broke over
the despot's face, and he sent for
his great word and a servant. But
for the sudden interposition of the
American officer, the man's skull
would have been actually cloven in
his sovereign's willingness to gratify
the realistic whim of the photogra
pher. Ex.
PENNY SAVINGS BANK IN FALKLAND
ISLANDS.
The penny savings bank in the
Falkland Islands has' accomplished
more than its originators expected.
It was started by the dean of the
Episcopal Church with the .design
of teaching the children habits of
thrift. On every Monday morning,
the children bring their accumula
tions of pennies, sixpences, and shill
ings to the government school for
deposit. The funds are received by
the principal and the amount and
date recorded jn the deposit book , be
longing to each child. When the
deposits amount to 1, interest is
paid. The private secretary of the
manager of the, bank is at hand to
enter up the amounts in the ledger.
The whole thing does not take more
than ten minutes. , . ..
As to results, the following items
are taken from the . last year 's bal
ance sheets : In ; 1899y 17 new ac
counts were opened up and . llclpsed,
leaving 94 depositors, among whom
the balance on hand 640 lis. lid.
($3,116,46) was distributed. This
gives an average of about 6 16s. 4d.
($33.17) to each depositor, During
the year, 244 18s. ($1,191.80) were
deposited in 750 separate deposits,
and 108 9s. ($527.77) were with-
1 drawn in 39 separate withdrawals.
On the deposits loaned to the Gov
ernment Savings Bank, there was
paid 14 6s. 3.d. ($69.65).
When the parents realized the
I value of the bank, they began to-de
posit in the name of their children,
and at last the government ; took
hold of the matter and organized a
I regular savings bank ..The - number
of depositors is steadily increasing.
; J, E Rowen, Consul,
Port Stanley,.. Falkland Islands.
: ; -
Living Issues.
INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION.
An Address Before the Farmers' State Alli
ance in Session at Hillsboro, N C, Aug.
v15th, 1900, by President Geo, T.; Winston,
of the A. & II. College Reported for The
Progressive Farmer.
No question is more entitied to the
consideration of our people than that
of industrial progress. The great
mass ( of mankind is engaged in a
struggle to obtain for themselves
and their children food, clothing and
shelter. One-third of the human
raee is without clothes, one-third
sleep without shelter. Upon indus
trial progress depend not only physi
cal comfort but also education, politi
cal power, refinement and civiliza
tion. Industrial progress mean bet
ter food and clothing for our families,
better furniture in pur houses, larger
and more comfortable . dwellings,
longer terms for our schools, better
teachers for our children, better
school houses and churches, better
preachers with better pay, better
doctors, better roads, public libraries
and museums, private homes embel
lished and beautified and purified
with pictures, books, music and
other art. The industrial question
is the greatest one that confronts
our people. Whether we wish or
not, it will command our attention.
In North Carolina the industrial
problem is certainly foremost. Our
people have suffered poverty for a
full generation with a heroism and a
patience never equalled. According
to the census of 1890 we had the
smallest per capita wealth of any,
State in the Union. In 1790 we were
near the head of the column, rank
ing fifth in the original thirteen
states. We were ahead of Massa
chusetts until 1840, but now Massa
chusetts has the largest per capita
wealth and North Carolina has the
least. The Faemers' Alliance can
accomplish no greater work than to
ascertain the causes of this change,
find remedies, and apply them.
As long as agriculture was the
sole pursuit of tne United States, 1
and population was confined to the
Atlantic Coast, North Carolina held
her own in competition with other
States. Our soil was less fertile
than that of the middle states and
not more fertile than that of New
England, but ourpeople by industry,
thrift and intelligence pushed for
ward to the front rank. But, when
population crossed the mountains,
and immigration flowed in from
Europe, occupying the more fertile
lands of the Mississippi Valley and
the great Northwest and Southwest,
agriculture began to be unprofitable
on the Atlantic Coast. North i Caro
lina, yielding on a average 12 bushels
of corn per acre, was unable to com
pete with other states yielding 30 or
40, An average yield of 13, bushels
of wheat could not compete with an
average of 20 to 30. An average
yield of 12 bushels of oats coula not
compete with an average of 40 to 50.
Our yield per acre of cotton and to
bacco is equal to that of other states,
butTthe necessity of using commer
cial fertilizers makes the cost of pro
duction larger than that elsewhere.
Under these adverse conditions, ac
cording to the census of 1890, we
dropped in a century from the fifth
place in the Union of States to the
lowest, in per capita wealth. The
chief reason of this remarkable
change is that North Carolina re
mained a purely agricultural State,
while manufacturers developed else
where ; ard employed neither agri
cultural machinery nor improved
processes of bringing up the fertility
of the soil, which became poorer
year by year.
If the New England or Middle States
had remained purely agricultural
and had clung to the same methods
of culture, they would now be even
poorer than North Carolina. But
these states early diverted from agri
culture a large portion of their popu
lation; which sought employment in
mining, commerce and manufac
tures. Thus 'cities and towns were
built up, and local markets were
created for fruits, poultry, eggs, but
ter, .milk, meats, . . vegetables and
other, farm products that could not
easily : be shippedd . from the West.
The result is that the New England
farm laborer today is as well paid as
the New .England mill hand ; and the
New , iungland farmer has a ready
market, every day in the year, for
all his products, with good pay dn
cash. The same change is now be
ginning also in North Carolina ; and
the same results are being accomp
lished. Wherever we have built up
cities, towns and manufacturing
establishments, the farmers are more
prosperous and their lands -more
i ' . : '. . : : .. '
valuable than in other more fertile
portions of the. State. The highest
valuation of farm lands in our State
according to the Auditor's report is
not where the soil is most fertile
naturally ; not in Halifax, Edgecome,
Hyde, Craven, Northampton, but in -Durham,
Gaston, Alamance, Meck
lenburg and Buncombe,- where a
large proportion of the population is
not engaged in producing food, but
in buying and consuming. ' -It
is common to hear lamentations
and even abuse, because so many of
'our people are moving from the
country to cities and towns. This
may not be always beneficial to the
mass, but it is decidedly helpful to
those who remain in the country and
cultivatethe soil. Every person that
moves from the farm to thofactory,
to the city, to the town, decreases
the number of food producers and
increases the number of food con
sumers. He thus adds to the num.,
ber of buyers on the market, and
helps raise the price. If four-fifths
of the population of North Carolina
were engaged in industries not agri
cultural, only one-fifth remaining
agricultural, that fifth, having un
limited markets for all their produce,
would be twice, thrice or ;f our times
as prosperous as they are today and
far more independent than dwellers
in cities and towns.
The future of our State depends
very largely, I might almost say de
pends largely, upon the building up
of manufactures and the growth of
Cities and towns ; for, until this is
done, we shall have no home mar
kets, but shall be forced to rely ab
solutely upon cotton, corn, wheat,
oats, tobacco and other staple crops,
in competition with the more fertile
soils of other States. We can com-'
pete with these only by producing
staple crops as a surplus and by grad
ually raising the fertility of our soil
until it equals theirs. It will re
quire time to increase the fertility
of our soil. Until we have abundant
local markets, we shall be forced to
raise staple crops, not as a surplus,
but as our sole crops. Our first and
chief hope, therefore, is in the build
ing up of local markets. We should
hail with satisfaction every increase
in our urban population, hoping for
the advent of the time when all
North Carolina farmer, like .those
of New England, will be within
sound of the locomotive or the mill
whistle. ' ..
We have in North Carolina every
facility for the production of wealth. .
Our soil is poor, but it can be made .
richer. I think it a moderate state
ment to say, that the average yield
per acre of every crop now raised in
North Carolina, within 25 years, by
a system of intense cultivation, of
rigid economy, of intelligent applica
tion of scientific principles, may be
at least doubled. The productivity
of the soil of England has been more,
than doubled in the last hundred
years. This, too, although the yield, , .
one hundred years ago was quite,
large, twice as large as that of North.
Carolina to-day. Our climate. i3 the .
best on the Continent, a golden mean,
between the cold of the North and
the heat of the South. We have a
regular succession of seasons, abun
dant rain fall, plenty of ever-flowing ,
rivers and streams, with sufficient
variety of soil and temperature, ex
tending from our high mountain
ranges, to the ocean, to enable us to
produce every article of fcood essen-(
tial to human comfort and enjoy-.
ment. If our State had a popula
tion of five millions, we could feed,'
them entirely at home and gi ve them '
not only all the comforts but all the
luxuries that can be" purchased by .
millionaires. ' ' v:l
Our mineral reiources are vast and
varied. Our trucking region is"
large and growing. Our fisnr: areas '
are the best on the Atlantic Coast. '
, Our heal th resorts for summer, for '
winter, for consumptives, rheumat: '"
ics, dyspeptics and victims of other
maladies, are close to the great' ci ties
of the Continent and unequalled in :
in the variety and the extent 'of "their
attractions and advantages! Our ' v
forests can furnish timber for every
possible kind of wood manufacture.
Our population is almost entirely '
native, sprung from the best original '
stocks, English, Scotch-Irish and '
German. Our conditions of life are" '
simple and democratic. The expense . '
of living here is so small and the
conditions of health are so favorable .'
that laborers in North Carolina can
work more days in the year and more
hours in the day, with greater com-'
fort and 'less discomfort, than ;.any-,
where else on the globe. We, have
everything essential to the produc-
V - CONTINUED ON PAGE 6. '