North Carolina Newspapers

Tho Progressive Farmor, April 11902. . i Published Weekly at Raleigh, N.C. (-p-rr- , 1 ; UftXEicc i. rot wtf. T T. CtlMAKK.. frritrn BiiliiiiBiimr. 5 SUBSCRIPTION Single Subscription One Year. . .$1J)0 Six Months... .50 Three Months, .25 1 'The Industrial and jjiduoation ai Interests op our People Para mount TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS of State Policy,' is the motto of The Progressive Farmer, and upon this platform it shall rise or tan. serving . no master, ruled by no faction; cir cumscribed by no selfish or narrow policy, its aim will be to foster and promote the best interests of the whole people of the State. It will be true to the instincts, traditions and history of the Anglo-Saxon race. On all matters relating specially to the great interests it represents, it will apeak with no uncertain voice, but will fearlessly the right defend and impartially the wrong condemn.' From Col. Polk's Salutatory, Feb. 10, 1886 Be sure to give both old and new addresses In ordering change of postofflce. DISCONTINUANCES Responsible subscrib- 11iniiHTina - nuwlTa thin Innrnul nntll M m rW waa uu w m. v - J v he publishers are notified by letter to dlscon- i . ii A V. KAM T f wm onus, wueu au arrearages must ue pan, jvu. to not wish the Journal continued for another rear after your subscription has expired, you ihould then notify us to discontinue it. RENEWALS The date opposite your name in your paper, or wrapper, shows to what time our subscription is paid. Thus 1 Jan. '00, ihows that payment nas been received up to .an. 1, 1900; 1 Jan. 01, to Jan. 1, 1901, and so on. Two weeks are required after money is re ceived before date, which answers lor a receipt, an be changed. If not properly changed within ;wo weeks after money is sent notify us. We Invite correspondence, news Items, sug ;etlons and criticisms on the subjects of agri mlture, poultry raising, stock breeding, dairv jxg, horticulture and'garding; woman's work, lterature, or any subject of interest to our lady readers, young people, or the family generally; public matters, current events, political ques tions and principles, etc. In short, any subject liscussed in an all-round farm and family news per. Communications should be free Irom personalities and party abuse. A THOUGHT FOR THE WEEK. It is right to be ambitious to excel "in whatever you do. Slighted work and half-done tasks are sins. "I am as good as they are" ; "I do my tasks as well as they" ; are cowardly max ims. Not what others have done, but perfection, is the only true aim. From "The True Citizen." The best thing that has yet been said in the oleomargarine bill con troversy was the answer of Senator Hoar to Senator Bailey's inquiry as to whether or not the tax is for the purpose of raising revenue. "No," Mr. Hoar replied, "I have tried to make that as clear as I could. This ten cents a pound is a lax, not on oleomargarine, but on fraud, on false coloring and it is not merely be cause it is a fraud, but because it is a fraud whioh interferes with our legitimate power of taxation." as to lynchings. There was no excuse, we think, for the lynching of the negro poisoner in Beaufort County last week. That he would have been oonvisted and proparly punished by law cannot bo doubted. And there is nothing else in the South so discreditable to its people as the lack of regard for law that is at the root of the lynching idea. Reverence for our courts of justice, the safeguards of liberty, is weak ened by every manifestation of the mob spirit that goe3 unpunished. Consoioasly or unconsciously, those who engage in lynohing expeditions and the communities in whioh they oocur lose in some degree the respect for law and order that is the most obvious mark of a people's advanoe from anarchy and barbari?m to civil ization. For barbarism is anarchy, and without law and order civiliza tion cannot exist. The punishment of crime by pri vate vengeance strikes therefore at the very corner-stone of orderly government. But for their weak ness, those who aid or abet the mob spirit would, like blind old Sttmson, tear down the temple upon their own heads. More than once before have we ex pressed opinions similar to this. We refer to the matter again beoause we believe it is the duty of every Southerner who ha proper regard tor the majesty of the law to negleot no opportunity to lift his voice in behalf of law and order and in con demnation of the mob spirit, than whioh, as we have said, there is nothing in the South more discredit able. The foregoing paragraphs were written just after the news of the lynohing, near Washington, N. C, reaohed us. It is gratifying and en couraging to note that the press and the greater part of the people of that vicinity publioly express their re gret for the conduot of the mob. ii, t THI8 WEEK'S PAPER. The article on watermelon grow ing, printed on page 1, contains many useful suggestions and . pos sesses also the merit of timeliness Prof. Irby, it will be remembered, is now engaged in business in Beau mont, Texas. The reports of farm conditions in Beaufort and Carteret Counties are good, but we should have at least a half dozen such letters eaoh week. Nor is it hard now to get up an in teresting batch of farm news items. We should like to have reports from every oounty as to ohange in acreage of different crops, quantity of fer tilizer purohased, outlook for fruit and trucking crops, general condi tion of the farmers, eto., eto. The boys on the farm will thank Harry Farmer for his defence of fishing. Many a farmer, too, would do well to consider the statement, 44 A day off from home will do any farmer good." Nor should it be for gotten that this statement applies with equal force to the farmer's wife. The farmer gets the needed change of scene by trips to town for supplies or to the postofflce for the mail; the wife remains at home. When she does get an opportunity to "take a day off," therefore, the fam ily should urge her to do so even if her departure means cold viotuals for one or two meals. We again direct attention to Dr. Kilgore's exposure of the Lipps fer tilizer scheme, and we also repeat the request that all interested read ers apply to the Department of Agri culture, Raleigh, for a copy of the February Bulletin containing a com plete copy of the "process" as filed in the Patent Offioe, with its every feature explained by Dr. Kilgore. The fourth installment of Dr. But ler's "Beef Production in the South" appears on page 8. Every one who feeds stook will find this ohapter vorth reading. A moment's con sideration of the enormous sum spent in every State every year in feeding cattle alone, will show the importance of rational and economi cal feeding. It is unfortunately true, as Dr. Butler suggests, that talk of balanoed rations appalls the average farmer a oondition of affa'rs the more regrettable sinoe any man of ordinary intelligence can with very little study get suoh an under standing of the subject as will en able him, in every day feeding, to save money that is worth the saving. Dr. Burkett, whose letter arrived too late to appear on page 1 or 8, makes a suggestion (and it deserves attention right now) as to the plant ing of a oorn patoh for summer feed for dairy cows. Mr. Keith speaks very briefly of the importance of industrial train ing in the public sohools. We should like for him and others to discuss the matter at greater length. "Ruralist" furnishes some remi niscences that will interest many readers. Will not some of our other subscribers who can tell something of times unlike those in which we are now living, follow Ruralist's ex ample, and write us about the "good old days of long ago"? In our series of poetioal selections, we are quoting chiefly from authors of world-wide fame. An exception is made in the case of Arohibald Lampman, but we make no apology for this. Except Kipling's "Reces sional" and Markham's "Man With tho Ho?," we know of no short poem that has appeared in English within the last decade that we regard as nobler than The Largest Life." It is a poem that should live. Written for the Atlantic Monthly, it appeared in that magazine three years ago. Some sound advice as to the "Duties of Husbands and Wives" is given in the article with this title on page 5, also in the one entitled "Partners"; but the editor, for ob vious reasons, refrains from further disoussion of the subject. Aunt Jennie has a practioal letter on flowers for the country home ; and we do hope that the men on the farms will oo operate with the wo men in every effort to add beauty to the buildings and grounds. If some people who waste much energy in worrying over their inability to build an elegant house to live in, should devote half the energy so wasted to beautifying grounds and lawns with flowers, vines, grass and trees, the results would be no less gratifying than astonishing. The produots of her pine forests have made North Carolina famous, but how few of us have ever made an. intelligent, sympathetic study of the different members of the pine family ! Those who have and those who have not alike will find mnoh to interest them in Mrs. Stevens' paper, "Among the Pines," printed on page 5. OTJE C01I1IEBCJAL INVASION OP EUROPE, This is the phrase used to describe one of . the most important develop ments of recent years. It is agitat ing all Europe, and should be a source of as much gratification to Ameri cans as it is of annoyance to Euro peans. c And what is it and what does it mean? It is and it means a notable ohange in the commercial relations of Amerioa and the rest of the world a ohange that can be best ex pressed by this outline of the prog ress of American manufacturing and commerce : Roughly speakiDg, from the be ginning of our government till 1850 we bought the manufactured goods of Europe; from 1850 till 1900 we were building up our ovn manufac turing industries and preparing to supply our own wants ; now we have entered upon a new era and our manufacturers meet and undersell European manufacturers in Euro pean markets. This is "the com mercial invasion of Europe." Inevitably, this sale of American manufactured goods to European purchasers has brought about a ohange in the balance of trade ; we now sell the rest of the world more than we buy. We are paying all ex pensed and laying up a surplus in our banks. This is a new phase or rather the new phase. Balancing our accounts from 1790 to 1897, it appears that we just barely managed to sell as muoh as we bought : there was a balanoe for the 107 years of only $357,000,000 in our favor. But in the last four years our excess of exports over imports has been $2, 354,000,000 nearly four times as muoh as for all the other 107 years of our history. This is a truly marvelous showing, and suggests some important ques tions. Can this state of affairs con tinue, or shall we return to the old system of selling only as muoh as we buy? Clearly, we think, it would be foolish to expect the balance of trade to continue so largely in our favor as it has for the last five years ; but it does appear likely that we shall for generations dominate the markets of the world. To the incredulous we commend Dr. Joai'ah Strong's book on "Expan sion,' with its strixing array or sta tistics and arguments as to the re sources of America and the Ameri can people. It is on Dr. Strong's authority that we give the figures that follow. Our agricultural supremacy, as everybodv knows, has been for years undisputed ; the United States pro duces 32 per cent, of the world's food supply, though it has only 5 percent. of the world's population. And the consciousness of her inferiority in agriculture , causes Europe to view with greater alarm our rapid strides in manufacturing. So the question of questions with the captains of industry on both sides of tho Atlantic may be put in this form : Do the natural resouroes and ad vantages of America oompared with those of Europe indicate that Amer ica's commercial supremacy will be permanent? Dr. Strong furnishes a very inter esting answer to this question. "In modern manufactures," he asserts, "coal is king andiron is his soeptre." Of both these minerals, America has a larger supply than has any com petitor. Take ooal : England's sup ply wilj probably be exhausted in 50 years. She nas y,uoo square miles to draw on for coal ; Russia, 27,000 ; Ger many, 3,600; France, 1,800; other European oountries, 1,400. Compare these with the 194,000 square miles of ooal measures in the United States Of iron our supply is praotioally in exhaustible. In 1860 our output of pig iron was only 821,000 tons ; in 1890 it, was 9,023,900 tons, and in 1898, 11,962,000 tons about one third of the world's supply ad 3,000,000 tons more kh.au wni produced by Great Britain, which stood next to us. Of stel we ittMkan hvu larger proportion or the totU output, out stripping even lurcher every com petitor. Not less eential t'v.ui coal or iron is the right kind of labor, and here too we have the advantage. Our workmen are more effloient and in telligent than those of JEurope. The intelligent shoe faotory operative in Massachusetts gets $15 per week and makes shoes at labor oost of 40 cents per pair; similar workmen in Ger many get $4 per week but are less effloient, less capable of managing machinery, and the labor oost of a shoe there is 58 cents this was the report of a German expert a few years ago. The average American farm laborer produces four times as much of food produots as the aver age European farm laborer. Cheap raw materials are also essen tial to manufacturing supremaoy. In this , respect Amerioa is highly favored. Of minerals and metals, we supply one-third the world's output ; of agricultural produots, we are far in the lead. Of cotton, the world's consumption in 1899 was 13,032,000 bales, of whioh the United States produced 11,235,000 bales. Coal, iron, cheap labor oost, oheap raw materials then the fifth essen tial to oommeroial success is aooess to markets. "On this point," to quote Dr. Strong, "it is only neoes sary to remark that we lie midway between Europe and Africa on the east, and Asia and Australasia on the west, while another continent adjoins us on the south ; and when the Isthmian Canal is out, it will emphasize the advantages of our position." With these five advantages the supremaoy of American manufac tures is as nearly assured as it is possible for things human to be. The oommeroial invasion of Europe is not a short-lived freak, a fantastic trick, but a logioal, well-grounded polioy that has in it the elements of permanenoy. This faot means more to Amerioa, to all olasses of her population and to her statesmen who are to work out the problems of government, than we yet realize. In faot, so far from being ready to settle the new problems presented, the average Amerioan is not yet awake to the faot that a ohange of suoh import ance has been brought about. CECIL RHODES, THE MODERN JASON. The death of Cecil Rhodes, in Cape Town, South Africa, last week, re moves from the scene of aotion one of the ablest and most masterful Englishmen of the last century. He was known as "the unor owned king of South Afrioa," and he deserved the title. It was the ambition of his lifo to win for England as large a part of Afrioa as possible. He dreamed great dreams and oherished massive projeots. William T. Stead said of him, "Some men think in parishes, some in nations, but Rhodes thinks in continents." When he died last week, he had not reaohed his fiftieth year, and his plans had been only partially fulfilled. His dying lament was significant : "So little done, so muoh to do." His aim to win a oontlnent for Great Britain was magnificent in soope, and the great genius with whioh he labored to that end com mands some sort of admiration ; but suoh ambition, if unscrupulous,, is not of the highest kind, nor is it of the kind that bring happiness to its possessor. Khodes undoubtedly pre cipitated the Boer War, plunging England into an unprofitable contest and bringing death and disaster into thousands of Transvaal homes. He had beoome one of the riohest men in the world, but he died unhappy and unloved like another Jason, winning the Golden Fleece, to be sure, but at a sacrifice of nobler things that money cannot buy, purity of heart and whiteness of soul. The story of Rhodes' life is an in teresting one. As a boy in England, he was frail ; believing that he was marked for consumption, the family sent him to South Afrioa for his health. While there, the South African diamond mines were discov ered, and Rhodes went to the mines. After digging or a time, he began speculating in mining stooks, in whioh he was entirely suooesssul. Returning to England, he completed his collegiate oourso at Oxford ; then went baok to South Africa. First a, stockholder in one of the mining companies, then its president, he labored constantly to bring about a combination of the corporations in torested in diamond mining. He was successful ; the monopoly, (and a imge one it was) became a reality. Riicdes was responsible, as is well known, for the ill-starred Jameson R.id, the precursor of the present struggle in the Transvaal. It was unjust, but Rhodes neither feared God nor regarded man except when it suited his purpose. He knew only that the' raid, if successful, would win the Transvaal for England. It failed. Rhodes' part in no plan ever failed, but those whom he trusted in this instance lacked his genius. Not our logical, measurative fac ulty, but our imaginative one Is king over us. Carlyle? ' 1 LITERARY NOTES. A new departure for the Woman's Home Companion is a page of humor. Fun of a olean and healthy character is one of the best things that oan be introduced into a home, but until now most of the so called home magazines seem to have avoided it. Chief among the attractive fea tures of the Easter Ladies' Home Journal is the opening installment of Helen Keller's own story of her life. The faot that this, and all the auto biography whioh is to follow, were aotually written by the wonderful girl herself , deaf , dumb and blind as she is, is only equalled by the re markable literary merit of her pro duction. The World's Work for April, be sides the editorial interpretation of events and the reports of striking instanoes of industrial and commer cial progress in its departments, con tains more than fifteen important ar tides widely varied in subject, all well written in the interesting, con cise fashion that oharaoterizes this magazine. The question, "Who is !Nixon?" the man who has suddenly sprung into national importance politically, in beooming leader of Tammany Hall, in New York, is an swered by Franklin Matthews, one of the most searching of the writers about Tammany in many campaigns. Country Life in America for April has caught the charm of the out-door world in spring. With large and superb illustrations, it has to do with everything from the trout streams and wild flowers of April to horses and dogs, garden-making, and the varied oountry pursuits of the month. A beautiful oover in colors is by Walter K. Stone, and, among the leading features, J. Horaoe Mo Farland contributes a suggestive artiole on the blooming of trees and shrubs, and the editor, L. H. Bailey, has written the first instalment of a "Country Home-Making" series, tell ing where best to seek the land for large and small places. The press of the State almost unanimously condemns the aotion of the jury in the Wiloox-Cropsey case, and the threatening, mob-like atti tude of those citizens who believed Wilcox guilty. They are enemies of society who would have anything save the law and the evidence influ ence a jury. THE GERMANS AND THEIR GOVERN MENT. Apropos of the visit of Prince Henry, Dr. Albert Shaw, editor of the Review of Reviews, writes in terestingly of some commendable political and social ideas of Germany. From the March number of hi maga zine we quote : The Germans are a great brother hood, among whom the principle of equality id far more prevalent, both in theory and in praotice, than in some other monarchical countries, England, for example. Germany be lieves in and provides for universal education, and gives the son of the poorest man his equal opportunity to rise to the highest posts through a system of publio employment to which young men are admitted in the lowest grades on merit, have life tenure on oondition of good be havior, and retire on old age pen sions. GERMANY'S CARE FOR THE PEOPLE. The private workman is insured by the publio authorities against ao oident and Illness, and is saved from distress and humiliation when his working days are over by an old age allowance. The general system in Germany for the alleviation of distress and the oare of the sick is the most perfeotly organized and the most satisfactory in its working that any oountry haa ever devised. Germany is par excellence the home of the modern application of the principles of sanitary science to pub lio administration. The government of German cities is characterized by such thrift and good business man agement, such superior protection 1 of the rights of the people as against quasi -publio corporations, suoh ex pert knowledge and skill in engineer ing and other teohnical subjects, suoh wise relationship between the sohools and the characteristic indus tries of the town, such diligence and ability in caring for the publio health, such liberality in providing for publio reoreation and instruction, and such architectural and artistio appreciation in publio buildings, parks, and general embellishment, that even the best conducted towns v. of other countries do not quite oome np to German standards. DIFFUSION OF GERMAN PROSPERITY. Certainly there 'are aspects in which the civilizations of p England, and the United Stated points of superiority ; but these c 1 tries have had far greater 5 wealth than Germany. Even u aS with Germany's industrial dev Of UlDlil OUUi WW Ul WAIU-WICIQ V!ry f and admiration, there are n0 ji fortunes in the entire empire Ji one excepts that of Herr Krupp j three or four others. The Ger have been a poor people, and yet t have done these great things as individuals, but as an enlighi nation. Progress has not meaJ with them, the elevation of a cl at the expense of the mass, butt average uplifting of the whole po1 lation. The railroads of Ger& are for the most part publio proper j whereas those of England and United States have been expiojD for the benefit cf a few colossal p) vate fortunes. Germany will steadi? beoome rioher, and its accumulatie of effeotive capital will increase jj mensely in the course of the deoade or two. But the tended will be to a diffusion of wealf Municipal gas and eleotrical suppJ in Germany are, in a majority! oases publio property Street rsl wavs are so managed that the vate oompanies operating them tain a fair reward for the caft they have aotually invested, but' not allowed to capitalize thevaF of publio franchises so as eventual to compel the publio, as is otufcft! ary in the United States, to pt tribute to private capitalists cpj ten times or fifty times the sumfe! they have originally advance! all srifVh mattfirsi. nnMin riilita public interests are infinitely bettr safeguarded in Germany than in ft) United States. Our readers will be interested in the following Statesville dispatoVw. garding Mr. Samuel Archer, vta series ot sixteen or seventeen u tides on "Sheep in the South" au 4ia rto" art nnnV a otitiAn tpViIs they were appearing in The Pec gressive Farmer last summer: "Mr. Samuel Aroher will leave t morrow for Illinois, where he goi a. i i 3 .r t 3 he will bring here and give our oil zens practical lessons in s&eep bandry. Mr. Archer fcutSve!i matter of sheep raising muoh atte tion and is thoroughly up irf tij business and personally knows tt when properly engaged in it oan Ij made very profitable. He expects k select from the best stock possifc Messrs. W. H. Adderholt and W j x a. 3 t-v, Vt v3 urioson are inieroHbeu witu - 1.1 1 T M Aruuur in biie iiuup uu win chase.' We have lived in the South as lor. as we oan on the bounties of natnrt and have reached the point at whic we must study soience, learn arts, use our material resources as accumulate wealth, or else iau k hind and go down. President C. V. Dabney. A TRIBUTE TO THE "TWEHTY-SU NORTH CAROLINA." Congressman Warnook, of OV.o,j grizzly veteran .of the Civil War w; wore thejolue, paid North Carolin&j handsome compliment while speaj ing on the army appropriation He was disoussing the great oonfliCj of the Civil War, and in adverting') the Twenty-sixth North Caro Regiment at Getty sburg, said : J "That I regard as one of the mj remarkable instances in all M8torji That regiment was 820 strong- had 86 killed and 502 wounded, ing a total of 588, or 71.7 per That was in the first day's b&W but the most remarkable par is that this reeiment. in the t& day's fight turned up with a liJj remnant ef 216 men out of their j participated in that gallant oba and came out with only 80 menj (applause). That I regard as most remarkable loss in all histofj There was a company in that msnt (Captain Tuttle's comPftCj that went in with three officers 84 men. They came out of tbaj only one offioer and one man. other remarkable faot abont contest was the greater loss of H oers in proportion to the e nil men." Washington Cor. Post- nf mindiflli jurious both to the State and W 1 individual. It goes with oonce j deadly pride. The strange tWMj 41,. man avaonttArilnmflthe ) upon their intolerance. It ia ) that a man's conduct and a na j oonduot should be the re i thought and judgment ; but in anoe' stops; thought and ad judgment. The Century. I