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t Tho Progressive Farmer, August 12, 1C00. 1 i 111 : ; l cuutcicc i. rut. I, . tCIMAII SUBSCRIPTION: Single subscription, 1 year. $1.00 Single subscription, 6 months 50 Single subscription, 3 months 25 "The Industrial and Educational Interests of our People Paramount to all other considerations of State Pol icy is the motto of The Progressive Farmer, and upon this platform it shall rise or fall. Serving no master, ruled by no faction, circumscribed by no selfish or narrow policy, its aim will be to foster and promote the best interests of the whole people of the State. It will be true to the instincts, traditions and history of the Anglo Saxon race. On all matters relating specially to the great interests it rep resents, it will speak with no uncer tain voice, but will fearlessly the right defend and impartially the wrong con demnsFrom CoL Polk's Salutatory, February 10. 1886. . ' DISCONTINUANCES Responsible ubacrtb er will continue to receiTe thl Journal until the publishers are notified by letter to discon tinue, when all arrearage must be paid. If you do not wish the Journal continued tor another year after your subscription has expired, you should then notlfr us to discontinue it. A THOUGHT FOB TUB WEZZ. That day is well spent of which you can say: "To-day I have planted a new idea, have awakened a noble sen timent, have corrected a defect, have sown a seed for good in the heart of a child." Selected. THIS WXXK'I F APES S 0 HZ BAHDOM COHHEST. Harry Farmer tells the interesting story of one farmer's success, success that is within the reach of any ener getic man. "When reading of any one's progress, it is always well to call to mind John Ploughman's homely couplet : "Said I to myself, 'Here's a lesson for me, For this man's a picture of what I might be."' The cotton crop report will inter est many of our readers. It will be seen that the condition of the crop in North Carolina is 4 points higher than the average. Texas stands at the foot of the list. The Farmers Institutes announced on page 1, will be conducted by men well qualified to make them of value to all that attend. We hope that Progressive Farmer readers living within reach of - these meetings will do all in their power to make them successful. -f"".- I We have already published a letter from Treasurer Reynolds regarding the Farmers' National Congress to be held at Macon, Ga., in October. The list of delegates from North Carolina is given on page 1. Secretary Stahl says that 1,000 delegates from North ern States will attend. The railroad rate, it is said, will be one straight fare for the round trrp. Another note about corn shredding is published this week. We know that a great many shredders have been sold in this State within the last two years. Will not some who have bought write their experiences for the benefit of other farmers? The comparative advantages of town and country life are very well set forth by a correspondent on page 6. Just why so many strong, sensible country boys will surrender the free dom of a farmer's life and shut them selves up as underlings in city stores has always been hard for us to un derstand. A corrected list of educational ral lies appears on another page. Those already held seem to have been thor oughly successful. The best piece of agricultural liter ature that came to our notice last week was that article from the Mon roe Journal which we give the place of honor in our "Thinkers" department-on this page. True, it doesn't say a word about corn or cotton or mules or plows or fertilizers, but it does say something richly worth the saying about what constitutes true success on the farm. And in this commercialistic age we need contin ually to remind ourselves of the truths emphasized by the Master Himself that " the life is more than meat and the body is more than raiment" and that "a man's life consisteth not in the abundance of the things that he possesseth." True success has to do with higher things than money get ting. An article from the Youth's Com panion tells how the rural telephone plan is worked in the West. We should greatly like to hear from any of our readers who are interested" in this subject. THE SUPBXHX COURT'S SCHOOL TAX 0PIWI0N. In the course, of a recent opinion of the Supreme Court written by Judge Furches, the provision of our State Constitution which says that "there shall be no discrimination in favor of, or to the prejudice of either race" in public school affairs was interpreted as meaning that the school fund should be divided between the children of the two races per capita. Said Judge Furches: "That is, one white child of the school age shall have the same amount of money per capita as a colored child, and no more; and the colored child shall have the same amount per capita as any white child, and no more; that both races shall have equal opportunities for an education, so far as the public money is concerned." This opinion or dictum has attract ed a great deal of attention for, since negro schools are less expensive than uhite (all negro labor being cheaper than white), the practical effect of a per capita distribution would be to give the negro schools a longer term than that of the white schools. Tula, it seems to us, would be a "discrimi nation in favor of" the negro race and to the prejudice of" the white race. Clearly, it is inconsistent with the doctrine expressed in the very next clause in the Court's opinion "that both races have equal opportunity for an education" this being, we ba- lieve, a correct interpretation of the spirit of the Constitution. And as the per capita distribution theory conflicts with this no clearly express ed opinion of the Court, we take it that the judges did not attach so much importance to this rather incautiously worded paragraph as the wide adver tising it has received would indicate. At any rate, the matter is set at rest for the present by a circular just is sued by the State Superintendent of Public Instruction, in which he says that, per capita distribution not being specifically commanded by the Court, this dictum will not be re garded by the school officials. AIT OFFOBTTJUITY FOB PATRIOTIC 8ZBTICX Everybody who reads The Progres sive Farmer knows that the rural school library plan is one of our hob bies. And we are not at all ashamed of it. It has already accomplished a great deal of good, and its work has only begun. Just now when so many country schools are running we are again moved to put before our readers the advantages of the plan, and to urge that no rural school for which it is possible to secure a library be closed before an earnest effort is made to start such a collection of books for the benefit of the children. We suppose that we have stated a dozen times the main provision of the rural school library law as passed b the last Legislature. It is, in brief, that when the friends or patrons of any country school raise $10 or more to purchase a library, the County Board of Education will set apart $10 of the school fund for that purpose and the State Bcd of Education will give another $10, making in all $110 or more for the purchase of books. But this State aid., it will be remem bered, is given to not mre than six schools in any one county. Up to date 353 of these libraries have been established, representing 77 counties. In twenty counties (if the reader hap pens to live in one of these twenty, let him hasten to the work of putting it in a more creditable position) no move has been made toward taking advantage of the opportunities af forded by this law. Whether or not your county is one of these twenty, or just what position it really occu pies, can be readily seen by consulting the following table which we have compiled from statistics given out by the State Superintendent of Public Instruction last week, and which shows the number of labraries that have beenaaided by the State in each county. It will be seen that there are forty-two counties (designated by stars) in which the limit, six, has been reached; in these no further aid can. be had from the State. If your coun ty is not one of these, then your school can have and should have a li brary. Some public spirited farmer, now that crops are laid by, can con sult the teacher, see the patrons of the school, and speedily raise the $10 needed to secure the $10 from the school fund and the $10 from the State. This is a splendid opportunity for patriotic service. Here is the table by counties show ing the number of libraries establish ed under the provisions of this law: Alamance, 6; Alexander, ..; A1 leghany, 6 ; Anson, 6 ; Ashe,l ; Beau fort, 6; Bertie, 6; Bladen, 1; Bruns wick, 2; Buncombe, ..; Burke, 1; Cabarrus, 6; Caldwell, 4; Camden, . . ; Carteret, . . ; Caswell, 1 ; Catawba, 5; Chatham, 6; Cherokee, 4; Cho wan, 6; Clay, ..; Cleveland, 6; Co lumbus, 2; Craven, 6; Cumberland, 6 ; Currituck, 1 ; Dare, . . ; Davidson, 2; Davie, 3; Duplin, 6; Durham, 6; Edgecombe, 6; Forsyth, 6; Franklin, 4; Gaston, 2; Gates, 3; Gra ham, ..; Granville, 5; Greene, 6; Guilford, 6; Halifax, 1; Harnett, 5; Haywood, . . ; Henderson, 6 ; Hert ford, 1 ; Hyde, 5 ; Iredell, 6 ; Jackson, . . ; Johnston, 5 ; Jones, . . ; Lenoir, 6 ; Lincoln, 6 ; McDowell, . . ; Macon, 2; Madison, 6; Martin, ..; Mecklen burg, 5; Mitchell, 1; Montgomery, 5; Moore, 6; Nash, C; New Hanover, 6; Northampton, G; Onslow, 6; Orange, 0 ; Pamlico, 1 ; Pasquotank, 6; Pender, . . ; Perquimans, 4; Person, 5; Pitt, 6; Polk, 1; Randolph, 6; Richmond, 2; Robeson, 6; Rocking ham, 6; Rowan, 4; Rutherford, 6; Sampson, . . ; Scotland, . . ; Stanly, 6 ; Stokes, 6 ; Surry, 2 ; Swain, . . ; Transylvania, 3 ; Tyrrell, . . ; Union, 6; Vance, 3; Wake, 6; Warren, 6; Washington,6; Watauga, 2; Wayne, 6; Wilkes, 4; Wilson, 6; Yadkin, ..; Yancey, . .. TO CLEANSE THE STATE FAIB. No paper having waged more earn est warfare against vulgar and im moral Midway "attractions" at our State Fair, it naturally gives us much pleasure to print the following sim ple and straightforward notice by the State Fair authorities, it being in the shape of a resolution adopted by the Advisory Board at its meeting a few days ago: "Resolved, That no gambling de vices, illegal games of chance, or im moral exhibitions will be allowed on the grounds of the North Carolina State Fair, and the following are ex pressly excluded, such as plate boards, spindles, pickouts, fish ponds, card games, cloth pin games, slot machines, book-making, etc. Hoochee-coochee or Oriental dancing, or other degrad ing exhibitions, within or without booths or tents, will not be allowed." . This declaration has the right ring, and we hope that it will be thoroughly enforced. The indecencies licensed at the last State Fair shocked the whole State. "There appears to be, so fa? as heard, general disapproval of the par don of A. L. Daly, the gold brick swindler. The public thinks that those rascals got off lightly enough, anyway." ' So says the Raleigh cor respondent of the Charlotte Observer. This does really seem to be the most indefensible use of the 'pardoning power that the Governor has yet made. The coronation of "Edward VIL, R. I., by the grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and of the British do minions beyond the seas, King, de fender of the faith, Emperor of In dia," was successfully and pompously carried out Saturday, to the intense relief of the English people. Owing to the physical weakness of the King, the program was much shortened, but it was long enough for a gorgeous dis play of royal magnificence. Prof. C. W. Burkett says that he believes there will be 125 students en rolled in the several agricultural courses at the A. and M. College this fall and winter a record-breaking en rollment. There is only one sad fea ture about this brilliant outlook for the agricultural course, and that fea ture is the pitifully inadequate equip ment and accommodations for Prof. Burkett's department of the College work. The need for an agricultural building is pressing. ' The opposition to Judge Walter Clark seems to be assuming a more tangible shape; as to 'its strength, that is unknown. Hon. Thomas N. Hill, of Halifax County, announces himself a candidate against Judge Clark subject to the action of any anti-Clark convention of Democrats that may be held. We are informed that Mr. Hill is a man of unblemish ed character, an able jurist, and a life long Democrat. Either Mr. Hill or Mr. J. Lindsay Patterson, of Winston-Salem, (a Gold Democrat,) will probably be chosen as Judge Clark's opponent. LIE. BLAIR AND MB. GT70QEB. In the1 Monroe Congressional Con vention a few weeks ago, it will be re membered, Mr. J. R. Blair, of Mont gomery County, one time received a fraction of a vote more than half the number of votes cast, but there being an understanding that one full vote more than half would be required to nominate, another ballot was taken, and he lost the seat in Congress that seemed to be within his grasp. But Mr. J. M. Gudger, Jr., of Buncombe County, is not the man to let such an opportunity slip through his fingers. At the Tenth District Democratic Congressional Convention held in Hendersonville last week, he made this fact very plain. There were 324 votes in the Convention and on the third ballot Gudges had 162.94. The chair, holding that 163 votes would be re quired to nominate, was about to or der another ballot, when Gudger jumped to the platform and declared himself nominated. And the excited delegates, seeing his spirit, let him have his way. With Gudger's tem perament and agility, Blair might now be his party's nominee for Con gress. THE ABTICLES OH 44 OLD TIXXES IV THE SOUTH." Seldom has it been our good for tune to publish such an excellent se ries of articles as that by our lady readers on "Old Times in the South," recently concluded. It is a thing very often said in awarding pries, but this time it is ac tually true that nearly every contest ant deserved a prize. But in the na ture of things all couldn't get the prize, and we have to thank the judges, Mr. O. W. Blackwell, of Kitt rell, Vance Co., N. C, and Mr. T. B. Parker, of Hillsboro, N. C, for decid ing to whom it should go. They de cide that the best letter of the series was the thirteenth, written by a Burke County lady who uses the nom de plume "Happiness" and whose ar ticle appeared in our issue of July 8th. Accordingly, a copy of "The Old Plantation," by Rev. James Battle Avirett, has been forwarded to her. The prize for the best man's letter on "Old Times in the South" (a copy of an interesting and handsomely bound book, "Sketches of Old Vir ginia,") will not be awarded before October 1st. The letters by our lady readers were so remarkably interest ing that we cannot blame the men for not measuring swords with them, but now that the men have the field to themselves we hope that a large num ber will write their reminiscences of slavery, war and Reconstruction days. Mr. B. B. Raiford starts the ball roll ing this week with his war time recol lections. Let others follow his exam ple. We gladly publish the reply of Prof. W. F. Massey to our note of last week. Unfortunately, his entire card is based on the incorrect assump tion that our editorial was a personal attack on him, instead of an attack on a principle, a protest against the Board's setting a precedent that might lead to dangerous results. We are sure that no one save the Pro fessor himself made the mistake of regarding it as aimed at Prof. Massey personally, for whom we at the time expressed our high regard. A man's chief business, it is perhaps more nearly correct to say, is that which contributes most largely to his in come rather than that to which he de votes most time. Judged by this standard, we had been led to believe that editing the Practical Farmer was Prof. Massey's chief business. If we were wrong, we shall be glad to make correction. We regret that we fell into an error with regard to the probability of Prof. Massey's doing institute work in Pennsylvania. What we said was based on the following paragraph from the Raleigh Post: "Prof. Massey is now editor-in-chief of that paper and does his work in Raleigh. If he goes to Pennsylvania he will engage in farmers' institute work for that State. Prof. Massey is willing to remain in North Carolina provided the Board of Agriculture will give him similar employment here." It is still difficult for us to see that we were wrong when we said last week that "a farmers' institute conductor to canvass among North Carolina farmers at the State's expense should have no important connection with any institution not primarily devoted to the development of North Carolina agriculture." The Thinkers. SUCCESS. A farmer of Union County, while in conversation in the Journal office one day recently, remarked that while he looked back over the fifty years of his life and contemplated his present age and his financial standing he was inclined to be ashamed of himself, but upon further reflection his shape would rather- turn into pride. Look ing at his life from the standpoint of those who count only the getting of money as success, he could but admit that it had been a failure, for though surrounded with enough to give a moderate amount of comfort, he had neither made nor saved much money. But the other side of the picture well calculated to stimulate a feeling of pride was that he had made his heme happy; he had educated his large family of boys and girls and trained them to be useful men and women (those of them who were grown, the" others were yet being trained) ; while living for himself he had lived also for others and had wielded an influence for good in his community and county. These thoughts came to him in no spirit of vanity or self -laudation ; they were merely the reflections of a sensible man who could look at things as they are. There is another farmer in Union County who has attained success. He has worked early and late worked both himself and family. He got all he could in his fifty years and kept all he got. His profits of each year were put into lands, improved ma chinery and better stock. When the hour glass of his life pointed to the half century mark, men spoke of him as well to do. But his children had grown up as the weeds about him, and none of them can read or write ; in an age of which education and the spread of intelligence are the most marked features, this man has reared his chil dren as he might have done before the invention of printing; his cattle are slick and fat, his barns are full, but his children are dwarfs ; and in an era of brightness and happiness, when the world is getting better, they are shut out from the light and will pass their days expatriated, their birth right sold for a mess of pottage which they themselves did not even receive. Which has been successful? Fewer and fewer grow the cases of success like the latter, while those like the former daily multiply. Monroe Jour nal. HOBS ABOUT THE BUBAL TELEPHONE. The loneliness of farm life, which has been considerably reduced by ru ral mail delivery, has been still furth er lessened in a number of Western communities by the introduction of the telephone. The chief obstacle to the wider use of this great modern convenience has been the high rates charged by the regular companies. Several plans to obviate this difficulty have been tried. The simplest is the actual building of a line and the installation of a small circuit by those who wish to use it. Groups of Western farmers have themselves cut and set the poles and strung the wires for their own lines, and after buying receivers, insulators, batteries and other material, have di vided the cost and shared the expense of maintenance. Lately another plan has been tried with excellent results in a number of Wisconsin towns. A stock company is formed of those who desire to use the service. The shares sell for a un iform price of fifty dollars, the aver age cost for installing each telephone in a good exchange; but no stock is sold to any one except those who rent a "phone," and only one share is al lotted for each receiver in use. The charges are . so regulated that the stockholders receive a dividend of one per cent a month. This is applied to the reduction of the regular rental. In one of the Wisconsin towns, for in stance, the rent for a phone in a bus iness office is two dollars and a quar ter a month, and in a residence one dollar a month. The dividends aver age seventy-five cents a month, so that the actual cost to the "consumer" is only a dollar and a half for a phone in an office and twenty-five cents for one in the home. This is less than half the usual cost. Many a farmer's wife, tied to her work and cut off from social oppor tunities, would gladly pay twenty-five cents a month merely for the luxury of hearing a neighbor's voice at will; and the farmer himself, if he is alert, finds constant advantage in closer connection with his market. Boston Youth's Companion. TALK ABOUT HOME AFPAlfcg Says' the Asheville Citizen: "This being an off year in politic8 the Tennessee Democrats are o.; ' . giving their campaign a very practical sort of turn. Candidates for the Legisla ture are being appealed to in moj'Q than one paper to stop talking about trusts, tariff and the Philippines, and discuss better roads, better schools the revival ;of agricultural interests and other topics that deal directly with the development of the State The change suggested is a sensible one, it strikes us. These are practi cal questions and their discussion will do much toward educating the people concerning them and thereby may bring about much-to-be-desired improvement along these lines. The twenty candidates for Congress in this State can do about all the talk ing on national issues that the people care to hear. Let our candidates for the Legislature tell us something about what they propose toward en larging our asylum, giving us better roads, improving our schools and building up the various interests of the State." This is eminently sensible, and we hope the suggestion will be followed. For years candidates in this State, when they talked at all, have devoted most of their attention to national is sues, something with which their offi ces had no concern. Let the people force the legislative candidates to talk about home affairs the practical questions with which the Legislature will have to deal. The candidates for Congress, as the Citizen suggests, can do all the talking necessary about na tional issues. Statesville Landmark. 802IZ NOTEWORTHY ABTICLES IN TEX AUGUST MAGAZINES. "Gunton's publishes a paper on "The New Souths Rare Opportuni ty," estimating the number of children ' under fourteen years of age at work in the cotton mills of North and South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi at 22,000. Eight or ten thousand of these children are believed to be under twelve, while the fact is well established that some chil dren of nine, eight, and even six years are at work in Southern mills. In connection with these facts, we are reminded that fourteen years is, nearly the average age under which factory labor is prohibited by the laws of most of our Northern States and of European countries where there has been any legislation on the sub ject. THE RECONSTRUCTION OF NEW YORE CITY. - The opening article of the August Century is "The New New York," Mr. Randall Blackshaw's account of what is being done to make a great city on Manhattan Island. The original pur chase price of Manhattan Island was about $24. To-day building sites have brought more than $240 a square foot, and the assessed valuation of real es tate in Greater New York is to-day about $3,250,000,000. Mr. Blackshaw thinks that of all great works now in course of construction on Manhattan, the most significant are the projected railway tunnels, with the East River bridges taking second place. Next to thesecomes the erection of such mag nificent buildings as the Episcopal cathedral, the public library, the pro posed post office and the custom house, the chamber of commerce and the stock exchange. Mr. Blackshaw thinks that the proposed tri-centen-nial celebration of the discovery of the Hudson River will find us in 1909 with a city three centuries old that we can be proud of. ' OUR NEW-CAUGHT, SULLEN PEO PLES Mr. Oscar K. Davis, formerly the New York Sun's correspondent in the Philippines, contributes an article on "The Moros in Peace and War," which is timely in view of the recent peace making with the Moro people. Mr. Davis says the Moros are the most formidable of the native tribes in the Philippines, and a campaign against them must be a serious affair. The center of Moro population in Mindan ao is about Lake Lanao, in a fine up land country, where the natives culti vate great fields of rice and sweet po tatoes. The Spaniards fought their way to this lake from the north coast in the face of tremendous resistance. They opened a road, which they pro tected with numerous blockhouses, and up which they lugged three small gunboats built in sections. The boats were put together at the lake and launched, but never saw much service, and were finally scuttled. Mr. Davis says the Moro fighters are very dif ferent from the Filipinos. Although they are poorly armed, they use with deadly skill and energy terrible knives which they make themselves, and with which they can easily cut a man's head from his shoulders by one blow. August Review of Reviews.
The Progressive Farmer (Raleigh, N.C.)
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Aug. 12, 1902, edition 1
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