fUUrityOcttber 22. 1S1I.
$500 More a Year farming: (low to Get It
BY DRAINING THE LAND.
All Our Level Land and Mach o f Oar Hill Land Needs Under-;
Drainage The Work Most Eve ntually Be Done and Should Be
Began. Now. - v y hl rU Lj
By Tilt Butler,
- I
(S) S17
' Tbac Crop CmUlaju. The norneisnuxastr tf Ustrcii-
The United Slaves Dpartatat f I,u nff". araMa a aygtmlc
AgrlculturoVtaakea the following es- End dltteUc treatment, who place
ttmate as: (& the condition of the to- inexr "lin ln PromiBea or a cure
made by patent medicine advertis
ers, should suffice to kindle a flame
of indignation among the American
people that will ever increase in la
tenslty until the patent medicine
devil is cast out of our midst Jno.
A. Ferrell, M. D.
baccocrop on October 1:
LIMATIC conditions, especially every additional aid Obtainable, , to
1 . , rainfall, exert a powerful influ-V-
ence on soil fertility. We have
frequently' pointed-4ut facts relating
to this matter which seem to be gen
erally overlooked. Our long; hot,
take care of the torrential and con
tinuous rains which we sometimes
have. The handling of the "water
which falls on our soils is a much
more important problem than South-
moist summery cause a rapid, decay em farmers have yet realized. Too
of all organic matter that may be on much of these heavy rainfalls now
Or in the soil, and the heavy rainfall i. goes off over the surface, carrying
and open winters faror the, washing with it the finest and best soil par-
and leaching of plant foods out of all.
unprotected lanas. iue urm, ansy w
wards maintaining the fertility of
Southern soils is a full recognition of
these climatic conditions. V Our rain
fall of from 60 to 60 inches . annually
plays a more important part in soil
fertility and land management than
is ; involved in merely supplying, the
necessary moisture to our crops.
. On the other hand, this large rain
fall produces other soil conditions
which necessitate v drainage, besides
those connected, with an excess of
tides; while still further destruction
to soil fertility results from too great
quantities remaining in the surface
soil for long periods.
Where Surface Drainage Fails.
The foregoing observations point
unmistakably to oiie conclusion, and
that Is, that the under-drainage of the
larger part of our soils is a necessity
to the highest soil fertility. Surface
drainage is merely a makeshift, and
is' in any , case an evil, which must
under ideal conditions be reduced to
moisture in the soil.. Soil that is de-v a minimum, in most cases it is bet
pleted of -soluble plant foods and ter than none, and being cheaper, is
eroded by excessive rains at certain sometimes the only sort of drainage
seasons, requires drainage even Possible ; and, therefore, a necessity,
though It may be dry enough at Dut tne b?st results will never be ob
other seasons to ( produce profitable tained on "practically all our lands un
ions. In other words, an excess of W1 they are tile drained. Our exces-
moisture in the soil at any- season,
for any considerable length of time,
is injurious to the; land: This In
jury comes not only from leaching or
washing, but also from excluding, the
sive rainfall at certain seasons 'makes
this under-draining doubly important
with us, and causes it to be needed
on a much larger proportion of our
lands than . where the rainfall does
air, killing germ life and running the not exceed 35 inches annually. There
soil together, all of which lower the
fertility of the soil at other seasons
of the year. In fact, lands that re
main saturated with water for any
considerable , length of time, suffer
most from lack of moisture in the
surface soli in periods of dry weath-
We Must Both Dispose Of and Save
: the Rainfall. ; ; -vy
Our problem, then, is not alone to
is another reason why tile draining
must increase, and that is the neces
sity of doing away with short rows
and the: obstructions offered to the
use of larger implements by open and
hillside ditches.
It , may. appear impracticable to
suggest the tile drainage of land that
is not worth (but $ 10 to $25 an acre,
to people who are financially poor;
but we are cbnvinced that many acres
which are now scarcely worth the
carry off the water so that the land $10 or $15 at which they are valued,
will be sufficiently dry . during the
crop growing season, but to also so
handle and dispose of the heavy rain
fall at all season that it will do least
injury to. the land andbe most read
ily available during periods of drouth.
would be better worth $50 to $100
an acre if tile drained. However,
we do not expect all . our lands to be
, tile drained in the near future, nor v
are we advising it; but we do Insist
on the wisdom of working to that
We have a problem in disposing of end by starting the work at once and
our heavy rainfall on the rolling
lands scarcely less important than
that of taking the water off the low
lands. When we have solved these
two problems we shall have solved
the greatest problems in soil manage
ment which confront the Southern
farmer. Extremes of moisture in the
soil are disastrous to crops, and the
one is more or less dependent on the
other. At least, the : excessive mois
ture which we have on practically all
lands at certain seasons, is one of the
chief .causes why we suffer so se
verely i from dry periods when they
do' occur; for unquestionably, land
which is well drained or is never too
wet for any considerable length of
time withstands dry weather best. ;
Wkere Under-Draining is Needed.
Practically all level lands would,
be improved by, under-draining, and
much of : the rolling lands would be
benefited almost as much , by under-
. drains that would help to carry off
water, thereby reducing the quantity
which now goes off over the surface.
Moderate rainfalls may be' absorbed
by a soil well filled with humus, and
it It be tiled 6r uqder-dralned, It will
take in, and properly dispose of, a
much greater quantity; but both these
laying as many tile each year as the
available resources will permit
Use a HERCULES
- AO-Steel Triple-Power
Stump Puller on
30 Days Free Trial
Clear up yowstumpy fields at our risk now
. with a famous Hercules 6n30 days' Free Trial.
Test it on your place at our risk. Pulls stumps
out, roots and all. 40056 stronger than any
other puller made. Triple power attachment
means one-third greater pull. The only stump
puller guaranteed for 3 years. Only one with
Double Safety Ratchets. Only one with aU
bearings and working parts turned, finished
and machined, reducing friction, increasing
power, making: it extremely light-running.
I Hitch on to any stump
4An ' - andthe
More ! f Cf- Xt knwA
Power Wl,vuuu
10 ume
Also pulls largeet
sized green trees,
Hedgerows,
etc. Don't risk
dangerous
nd 'costly
drn&mlte. It
only shatters
tnmr and leares
1 roots In ground.
1 k 8,t money
I n I by tre Ulnar otrr
FR BOOKS special rropoitlon .to
first buyers where we baye no .. frXQ us a
postal oard today. Address , '.j-T'iyK '
HERCULES MANUFACTURING io.
:18017th Street, CanterrilU, low , r
. f
Kentucky ....
North Carolina
Virginia
Tennessee ....
South Carolina
Florida ......
80
73
85
81
74
87
81
77
88
82
84
85
Ten,Year
At.
83
78
83
84
82
89
United States.. 80.2 81.3 83.0
The soil for early crops should be
plowed early and tilled often. Pro
fessor Fletcher.
SgaTO miffli SULKY STAUC CUTTER
Best by actual test "Tasting the
nudding Is the roof thereof." Put
bur machine to field test vith others
and if ours does not prove itself the
best we will pay expense of making
the test' A square deal is all wt ask.
Don't delay. Write us at once, we
have something to tell you.
The Jno. A. McKay Manufacturing Co,
DUNN, N. O.
LOOK -frjjr
UOE SIMf 1
: jh isQtjR GUAR
BEST MATERIAL, the BEST WORK MAN
SHIP and PERFECT SATISFACTION
v . .. . . ' ..
Have ibeen the standard in the South for many years. They meet
i the requirements of local conditions as no other wagon can;
they are the lightest, easiest running, and longest lasting
wagons in existence. ,'
" Ask your dealer to show you the Thornhill; if he does not
r; handle , them, write us and we will appoint an Agent in your
; locality-who will supply you promptly.
THORNHILL WAGON COMFY, Manufacturers,
, . LYNCHBURG, VA.
r
Calalope
FREE.
$20,00 ZtS
$45.00J
$20.00 Up.
Cash or
Credit
r '
Q8B1TS WANTED
We want men who are not aetlvelj
encased In business to act as onr
agents. tFe pay liberal tash com
missions. Write for oor cataloyne
and full particulars.
bbbbbbbbbbbbsbHbbbbbbbHBbBbbbbS
' ' ' -.,
Only $10. Caoh.
Bal&nca $5 a month. Warranted for 3 years.
Only $25. Caoh.
Balanoe $7 a month. Warranted for 8 years.
SriB0m ' VJsiafjoiniG
Only $15. Cach.
Balance 5 a month. Warranted for 8 years.
We trust honest people located in al
parts of the world. Oasa or easy monthly
payments. Write for our free catalogue.
OEtlTURY r.lFQ OO,
Dipt. 851 fast a, Loult, a
are, needed, as also is probably