1300 (16)
LIVESTOCK AND DAIRY.
DAIRY WISDOM FROM DENMARK.
The Kind of Cows the Danes Keep, and How They Care for
Their Milk: ..
Kun god Maelk giver flnt Smor. .
- Til god Maelk rod res.
(1) Frlske ogr sunde Foderatoffer.
( 2 ) Rene Koer og rene Stalde.
(3) Godt rensede OS rustfrl Spande.
(4) God Afkoling og Ogbevaring af
Maelken. -
Spandene rentes bodat ved forat at
skruppes i lunkent Vand og deref ter
indamores med et Lag laeaket Kalk der
efter at KvarterB Forlob skruppes af,
og Spanden skylles med koghedt Vand.
VII man lkke anvendo Kalk, maa
Spanden forat skruppes 1 lunket Vand
og deref ter skruppes i kogende Soda
vand og til Slutning skylles i koghedt
Vand. Spandene maa atzolnt lkke skylles
1 koldt Vand Bldst, da de derved'lerrer
sent og raster bnrtlg. Maelken maa
opbevares 1 f rl Luf t, saaf romt det lkke
fryser haardt, 1 saa Tilfaelde ambrlnges
den 1 en Lo om Natten, Kelevandet maa
staa ligesaa hejt uden. on Spanden, som
Maelken 1 Spanden.
Kolevandet maa sklftes mindst saa
Gang. '
( Only Good 3111k Hakes Fine Batter.
To make good -milk requires:
(1) Fresh and dry fodder.
(2) Clean cows and stalls.
(3) Clean and rust-free milk buckets
and cans. . ,
(4) Clean and careful handling of
the milk. .
The cans are best cleaned by wash
lng them In lukewarm water and then
applying lime. Then wash the lime
away with boiling water. If you do
not use lime, first scrub the can with
lukewarm water and then wash in boil
ing water which ' has soda ' in It. The
can absolutely must never be washed In
cold water last. The milk vessels must
be kept ' where the air Is fresh If It
is not vers., cold, the milk .itaust be put
in a cooling house, and the water, which
is used for cooling milk must be as
deep' outside the cans " as " the .milk
Inside the cans. .. -, , "
Cooling water must be changed at
least once a day.
its freight charges,' it is a . certainty. '.
that 'such corn is going to he '.too ,
high-priced to feed to hogs as' an ex-.
clusi?e ration. VBut," say our hog
raising enthusiasts,, "we intend to
raise the corn, or-have raised it."
That makes no difference. The South
consumes more corn than she raises,
hence the price of corn in the South
has the profits of the Northern grow
THE PROGRESSIVE PARMER.
lYVHENlYOU COME TO WEAN
:.--r:THE CALF. : ;
er, and those of the dealers and' the . mit of doing.
THE above Is a Danish copy and
an English translation of a slip
which is wrapped around every
pound of butter sent back to all
farmer members of the Kildevang
Co-operative Creamery, as was de
scribed in our article on Denmark
last week. The unusual care and
cleanliness exercised account in large
of the Copenhagen Milk Supply Com
pany are given herewith, and com
mended to our American dairymen:
"Before stabling the cows in
the autumn, the tails, hind-quarters,
and udders must be shorn.
"Milk, from recently calved;
cows may not be supplied dur-
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THE KIND OF COWS TH EY HAVE IN DENMARK.
measure for the high prices received
forDanish butter, and the fact that
cow-testing associations have weeded
out the unprofitable cows also ac
counts largely for the good profits
obtained. A photograph of a fine
herd of Danish cows is reproduced
herewith. V
An Irish expert, Mr. T. M. McClus
key, whose report we may print next
week, rightly says that one of the
most impressive things in Danish
dairying is that "every farmer,
whether with one cow or three hun
dred, makes provision for cooling his
milk. On the small farms, imme
diately the milk is drawn from the
cow, the milk can is immersed in
cold water, and on the large farms,
suitable coolers are used." An in
genious milking pail is that" required
by the Copenhagen Company for
those who supply milk for infants.
There is a little -separate compart
ment in the bottom of the bucket in
which ice and salt are placed, and
this cools the milk as quickly as it
comes from the udder of the cow.
Milking machines have been, used
to some extent in Denmark, but none
seem to have given complete satisfaction.-
One curious' custom which obtains
ing the first fortnight, faf ter they
come into milk. The society re
fuses to take the milk of sick
cows, or of cows which do not
give more than a, maximum of
six liters a day.
"The milkers, during the milk
ing, mufet wear a special dress,
and be provided with a towel to
use when they need to wash
their hands.
"Milk must, at every season of
the year, be passed thru a refrig
erating apparatus, which lowers
its temperature to 41 degrees F.
It must be kept at this temper
ature until it leaves the farm.
, Cows certified by the veteri
nary to be tuberculous must be
immediately separated from the
herd and sold, or killed as soon
as possible.
"All beasts bred for milkers
since 1896 must have been sub
jected to the tuberculin test.
Also the injections must be re
peated at least once a year in
the case of animals that have
not reacted to the test."
Don't Expect Him to Change From
Milk to Dry Feed All at Once.
C ALVES are getting so J they are
; worth 'while no wadays, .and It be-.
hooves us to' make them the . best
quality that , their breeding will per-
transportation charges added to It,
and will sell for the same high 'price
that Northern corn , brings on our
markets. ; "
It is all right to argue the wisdom
of feeding all the" feeds raised on the
farm, but the fertilizer, value of a
ton of c6rn (nearly 36 bushels) is
They have been living on the fat
of, the land 'during; the; past three or.
four months - Have you ever no
ticed a fine bigialf just after tie has
finished a meal off his mother's milk,
Btanding there,'' his legs spread wide
apart, his tongue sticking out of his
mouth about an inch, his face "all cov-
only about fl, and if one-half of this lered with '"m'llk? : 'If. he isn't the pic-
fertilizer value is , saved in the ma
nure ; that is only about " 1 0 - cents a
bushel: But as - a matter of ' fact,
corn usually sells from "2,0 cents to
30 cents a bushel higher in the S6uth
than in the North, therefore, the
Northern hog raiser has that advant
age over the Southern hog man, when
both feed corn. This is too great a
handicap to the Southern hog rais
er, and if you intend to depend- on
corn chiefly to feed the hogs, take
our advice and sell the corn and buy
your meat. But what feeds are the
hogs to be 'Wintered on?'
Corn is our only grain, and hogs
must have some grain 'to make satf
isf actory growth during the winter.
' ' Most of lis know that peanuts and
soy beans make good and "cheap feed
ture of - perfect contentment, where
would you go to find contentment?
And, too, he has had other good
things. : Perhaps he had learned to
take a nip of the juicy rye and crim
son clover before the' herd went on
the regular summer pasture. Then
there - were the lespedeza, the Ber
muda, the redtop, the white clover,
orchard grass, and bluegrass; all
those ' luscious Southern: pasture
plants that BUI has been keeping in
touch with; all summer. T
But now it is weaning time, and all
is changed. Bill - hasn't learned
hardship but , he' learns it now; for
the herd is brought , to the barn lot;
Bill, with ; his ; mates, . goes into, a dry
lot, where not a blade of grass can
, be found. Perhaps there Is a tub of
for hogs, when the hogs, harvest water off; in one corner of the lot:
them. It costs to harvest these
crops, but when the value of the
vines, and the beneficial results to
the land t if the manure is returned)
In growing these "crops, and their
high value when fed in connection
That is a thing ot terrbr to poor
Bill. This, and a rack in which are
a "few v armsf ull of shucks is what
' Bill has come to after his summer
of luscious green things. ; He stands
around, in a half stupor-r-thinkingi
with from one-fourth to pne-half a perhaps that; this turn is only a
dream until night closes down. All
at once is heard a faint lowing from
the back pasture. Bill mute Un
til now comes to a realization of
what he has been deprived of and his
terror-stricken,' outraged calfhood
enters protest in a heart-broken ans
wering call that is 'repeated all' the
night thru: Morning finds . him
gaunt, his face the picture of des
pair", not much such a calf as when
he stood contemplating the meal he
ration of corn are considered, why
can we not have peanuts and soy
beans for the winter feeding of the
hogs? - - -
Of course, when tfie weather will
permit of grazing, this should, be
available, and then- less grain ''feed
will be necessary r but at "all times
it will pay to feed a mixture of soy
beans and corn as a part of the hog
ration. The soy beans need not be
threshed, if hay is abundant and
some waste is permissible for. the had just finished inthe pasture. , Of
hogs will eat some of the straw and
all the beans if given the whole
plant. Sows and pigs over five
months old can be wintered at a low
cost if furnished green oats or rape
for grazing, soy bean hay, including
the beans, and a very small amount
of corn. If the green grazing can
not be provided, then silage or some
root crop like sweet potatoes may
be used.
"But," says someone, "soy beans,
sweet potatoes and peanuts when
harvested and stored are also too ex
pensive to feed to hogs." .
Yes, if only , one of theseform the
- entire ration for the hogs; but if
these be combined with corn and,
fertilizer and feeding value consider
ed, they may be profitably fed to
hogs at present prices. But there is
reason.. at this point, and if the hogs
are to be kept entirely for any con
siderable length of time in summer
or winter, on harvested feeds, the
course, he will recover from this
strenuous weaning ordeal - and start
growing again after a month or two,
if given abundant dry feed of good
quality, but he will never make the
fine animal he would have made, had
his weaning" and feeding been
handled & little differently, and his
final cost per pound will be actually
greater than it would have been had
his early good living been kept up un
til in his year-old form he could go
on grass again.
Milk is a wonderful feed for young
animals of all kinds, and when they
arrive at the age where it is neces
sary to substitute other more solid
foods, the change should be most
gradual. I know well that it re
quires time to fool with calves, but
not such a great amount of time, af
ter all, when figured in hours and
minutes. : .
We are preparing to wean some
young stuff at this time, and; L have
profit will bev small or will fail en- ascertained by. the watch that, only
FEEDING THE HOGS THIS WINTER
tirely. The hog must harvest his
own feed as far as possible.
Is this the line along which we
have tried to raise hogs? i
It certainly is not, and there is no
better time than right now, while
15 minutes 'per day is required to
bring the .calves and their dams from
the near-by pasture, cut the calves
out very quietly and turn them into
the bpx stall, where the shelled corn,
shinstuff. cottonseed meal and soy
largely is that of milking cows three Rations Available For South- planning the crops for next year, -to bean hay is awaitingf them. They
times a day. Mr. Jorgensen, of the
Lyngly .experiment farm, told the
writer, however, the results of. a
careful series of Government 'experi
ments have just been announced, and
these indicate that while the extra
midday milking does result in a
slightly Increased total production,
the gain is not enough to justify the
effort. Moreover, cows milked three
times a day do not keep up as well
as cows milked, only twice.
As .bearing, upon- the. question of
'cleanliness, some official regulations
era Farmers.
IS THIS pure-bred pig, which eVery
Prbgreselve Farmer' reader should
own, and his offspring, going to be
fed corn or corn and some other
purchased feed like shorts or tank
age? If they are; we can predict
right now that the owner will soon
be numbered among thse who be
lieve that It pays a cotton farmer bet
ter to buy meat than to raise It.
provide a reasonable and business
like method for raising and feeding
the hogs.
The cow it the Individual unit with which
the dairyman has to deal, and It ia Impossi
ble to treat the whole herd as a mass and
expect to- get satisfactory results. ' This
means that individual records must be kept.
The dairyman must know the Intake an(J
. output of each cow . in order to ascertain
whether they are being fed at. a profit or
less. If every dairyman . would attempt to
Keep sucn records he would be astonished
When the man who raises the corn. !tiV?.AhaA B.e..! 5 re- 2yLn
ana the dealers, get their profit OUt year as other cows In the herd kept at
ot it and the railroad company gets SSSltS'-' th am exeneImon
are handled in this way for about
two weeks, until they all have formed
the graln-eatlng 'habit-. Then, tliy
are turned with their mothers only
long . enough for them - to extract
their warm lunch twice per day and
after a week of this only once - per
day for a week. Their grain appe
tite has by this time about mastered
their milk appetite, and there is sel
dom little protest when the cows are
driven as far, from the barn as pos
sible, and the calves know' their
; 'r (Continued on page19.)
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