- i
1148 W
What Farmers Want to Know
By W. F. MASSE V
TOE PROGRESSIVE FARMER
.1 '.!.. ..si ' .
Garden Notes
LATE September is the best time
to sow seed of thf Wakefield cab
bage for early heading. Soothe seed
where the bed can be watered, for
stunted plants are not 'good and are
more apt to run to seed in "the spring.
Get good strong plants for setting in
late October or November. Atter try
ttees. willcblow-off: m a moderate -seepmgMn, the hot bed is m a
gaic.-v wc-c Muy ,i m.viw i.cto. v.vAVttvaiuig-a pn. wider and lo '
I "grow the Norway maple; a dense-; several inches than the framed
growing .and spreading tree that to be placed on it.' Fresh hor 5
makes a far better shadethan, the. nufeis used generally. This S nt?"
silver leaf .maple. I have also a very be piled near the frame f?n :is?0uli
il pretty tree, the Chinese Cedrela! This rand, then turned over and : j s
.but-have-gotten:thisreputatiott-be;-naf IP"6 """'"J1 -" w ? S?"' as to start a mifor
caWpf early planting. I have grown and .s a tropica lng .1 heat. hemaure is then nZ
. - lor w u i ii i iif i 111 i n i i i i i i i in ill i.i i iir ' vfurn imm
the Paner Wh te narcissus when the v- r V"H"V' Vit , v. ana
on
4
uie rayci vvuue narcissus wucu uic . - ,. . , , JM . ,. - ,T i 1 , . uainned
- r . . ... . . DqpuHica trop hut iirwik-e thai hoc r QOWtl PVPnlw i ti H -U r.- . rcu
soil froze down below the bulbs ana "v T , V i T c "arae Placed
nan nnnr. une 01 ine oesi trees nere "u uaiiKen a arming
" r- - . .. - "uu wirn tni
j j.i , itH"c so is place
side the frame four inches deeo
a thermometer placed in if J.
JI1C. AUC.c . ' A aim-n HiiArne SaSMeS DUt On Whn ,nit . "V
. i i i i . . lice, oiiu.mc. wvi6vv vuvv.uj ... i -"v vvattll me ho
tubers can be bought very cheaply, M,,flj Afl ni;int1 ft3lf ; as t rises, for the fire t,.J eie.at
tuuiitt) vauvu iu, Miuu6kui. vu ,; . ' ' ncdl Will DP
uu vvv v-w . ... i aiuuuu With 1
is the American linden, The pin or ;nre. Fine fertile soil is DiarPH
in-
i hey were not killed.
infant S?' C . anong oaks, and a very handsome - I' SS
I have found that the best way, is to TT".? " Ta "j TV.V"
lir llllll l III tHIIWI.IlllI.A .&.AI.VA V . - . k
. . , . . . v.i'i-' ; and thev are the most urioromisinfir- . .. ' 2 tnn liitrti -: !'::-.. ....w"
ing various ways ior wintering mem, tnUi ,u :t U boutn Carolina, is more erecj ana avr; - g seea. vhen the
more handsome tree than the live; ..""V-uccunes to about 85 degrees you
oak. There are many beautiful trees sow the seed. A hot bed for
of this - variety around. -Darlington,: eany tomato plants, for
S. C In fact there is a host of trees J"" . snouiq De made
far better than the silver leaf maple.
co. But theywill grow all right, and
they make a host of scarlet flowers
in spring that will keep well when cut
and put in vases of water.
Most peopl plant only the early tu-
Hot Beds and Gold Frames
run out furrows three feet apart east
and west Fill these well with manure
and put 'some acid phosphate on the
manure and bed well on these. Then,
open a furrow along the top of the
bed, and set the plants in this open
furrow -and deep enough to coyer the
entire stem, the tender part, for if
the stems get bursted by frost in
winter the plants will be of no value, nearly two feet tall will make a far. beds and cold frames, giving dimen-"
The Copenhagen Market cabbage is
a very good one and somewhat larger
than the Charleston Wakefield. But
do not sow this variety in the fall,
for it will be certain to run to seed in
.the spring. ; It can be sowed in Janu-
about the first of February, or as a
general . rule ten weeks before it is
safe to set the plants in the open
gtuuuu. men tne tomato
nas a large lot of sasliAc
grower
lips, xbut you will find that the . late T)LEASE give a detailsd vdescrip- u1r, iare lot ot sashes ready on
blooming Darwin tulips with stems - L .tion of the construction of hot - C?W rames, according to the number
ary in "a cold frame under glass or These make very large trumpet flow
ciotn ana win come in niceiy to suc
ceed the early Wakefield.
greater show in a bed than the early sions arid distance from glass, and
ones. : V - whether they should be on the sur-
: - ., ' .'"'V.- face or sunk." ,-:
Amon;ine oesi 01 me narcissus or ..xiic yiaas easuca uacu uui utus i rt, , . . x , uv
'u n i t?., i j r 4-,a aDout iour inches aoart each wav i
uaiiuuns yuu win iiiiiiuexiiiiperur aiiu. turn iiauica uic gcuciauji uucy .u t , , . J "
and Empress arid the Glory of Leiden, feet wide and six feet long. They are " ? j "? 111 iuarVn ana lven air at
. . . t r i . l . . -u
Dest maae oi ciear cypress. aumuer.
ot plants grown. The hot bed with
thee sashes will start about 3,000
plants, and to transplant and harden
these , off he will need 12 sashes on
COia trames. The nlantc
are
set
in
HOW GERMANY DID IT-A LESSON FOR THE
: ;'::'- ; r SOUTH A:-::;
My second sowing of spinach was
made the middle of September. The
last of the month or early October I
will sow again for plants to winter
over for spring cutting. This sowing
I make . broadcast and rake the seed
in, as I find the plants winter better
.when sowed broadcast. In the lower
South this sowing can be cut, all
through the winter. Some of our.
truckers sow again in February, but
I find that the late fall sowing lasts
about as well in the spring as the
February sowing.
Seed of cauliflowers can now be
sowed and set in a bed or frame 15"
inches apart, and protected with cloth
in very cold weather, making the soil:
very rich .in the frame, and they will
head in April or early May.' As they
start off in the early spring give them
dressings of nitrate of soda and they
will make larger heads. They are ;
rather more tender than cabbage, but
the cover will only be needed on
nights when -hard freezing is ex
pected. I set them under glass sash
es, six plants to a 3x6 sash, and fill
; in between witluTennis Ball lettuce,
The lettuce is cut out before the cau-
rZ ervand the. Glory of; Uiden is the ' Most of them are made with a singl, J"7 -
other frame to protect and harden '.vfinestof all. ; " ; ,v , - , ayer brglass, while, others have two
the tomato plants, as the cauliflowers " " . e . yers of glass with a dead air
will no longer need them .If you have fine varieties of the space between to better .ward off
. - . ' . large flowering cannas you can save frost. These 'of course are heavier
v i ' j i i r , tne seed and sow them now, and they and more' expensive than the single
The Norfolk Curled kale can also e . wiU grow well in spring and you may glazed sashes, but they do away with
sowed in; rows- for late winter and j get some fine new varieties. Seed the need 6f mats or shutters in very
early spring cutting for greens, and k t tm ing are very slow to ger- cold weather.
I xne oeven-iop turnip can sua De sow- minate, and have to be filed and soak
ed fpr the same purpose. N ed for several days !
IN GERMANY we have an example of a nation that has for, half a
century been preparing its people not only for success in peace
but fdr success in waf.; That Germany has; organized the
largest and most efficient army; the world has ever seen is not the
only reason' why for three years she has been able to stand off the
combined attack of the rest of Europe, and stand it off, nbt on her
own soil, but on soil conquered from her enemies. ' Her well worked
out system of rural credits that has made her small farmers inde
pendent land-owners producing more per acre than any other
farmers in. the world; her splendid system of schools that not. only
educate the children but train them for life; her careful system of
medical inspection and correction through these schools all have
contributed quite as much as the army itself to hernational effi
ciency.. In Germany the child is a national asset. He cannot be
allowed to grow up handicapped by disease or deformity because his
nation needs him as a worker in peace and a defender in. war.
' Bismarck said, "Give me control of the schools and I will make of
the nation what you want." They gave him control of the schools
and he did it. The order came from the ruling class of Germany.
Here you and I and the rest of the folks at home are the ruling class,
and I am going to ask you what do you want this Nation to be? . It
is for you to decide, and when you do decide there are men who can
carry out your plans quite as. effectively here as Bismarck carried
them out in Germany. There is la man sitting there pointing to
State Superintendent of Education who can remake this State in
ten years if you will tell him .what .you want him to do and pay the
bills. Front an address by. President Roger A. Derby at North Caro
lina Farmers' State Convention' v : :, .
possible occasions to cret thpm
tough enough to transplant, which is
shown, by the stems of the plants get
ting dark purplish instead of green.
' Cold frames are simply , frames
with heavily manured soil in them,
and- they are used for growing,letj
tuce in winter and early spring, and
starting other half hardy plants for
transplanting, such as succession cab
bage, onion plants, beets and rad
ishes. 7
I use the double-glazed sashes and
bank the frames with earth on the
outside, and then it would take a
temperature below zero to get frost
"inside." When the frames are set they
should face south and be sheltered
from high, cold winds. I have a tall
evergreen hedge on the north of my
frames. I find it .an advantage to use
a ' number of portable small frames
rather than permanent frames, for I
can make a succession of the same
crops by moving the frame and avoid
ing planting the same soil over again,
and can get the use of my, frames
when some more hardy . crop like
beets can dispense with them in
March and I can use them for the to
mato plants, which I start in a green-,
house as more convenient to work in
than to stoop over a hot bed.
. Under my double-glazed sashes, af
"ter cutting a crop of lettuce at Christ-
mas, I sow seed of beets and radishes
Market growers generally use long
lines of frames permanently placed. I
use a number of portable frames with
and soon get the radishes out and
leave the beets in twelve-inch rows.
Then, as I have said, in March the
beets can do without the frame and
it is" removed to harden the tomato
plants for setting out in April. Then
the beets are ready, to pull by the
time other people are sowing the
seed.-
Every garden should be supplied
with frames and sashes and the win
ter earden made as interesting ana
in uie jiower garaen, iaKe up me.. Tq ,ave seed of the China asters, three sashes each. These are made nrnfiiru
. gladiolus and cut off the tops and. iPf the flowers m Hrv nn nlimtQ 14 ?n.Uc ii. i. i . maae profitable as the one in suminci,
-separate the new corms from the old and in a frame you can plant bu bs of Ad
ones on which they grow.: Save the & V4e sid Thf VuUth jacinths,, narcissus and others and
little bulblets that form under, the s?edz vou can tlIfT a? mfi?e Wlth an' get flowers in winter.
' large ones and sow them now in rows gd seedyoucan buy. .... gk iron and fastened with screws so In the management of a hot b ed
! Y . . - ., . . , v . , ... . . that the frame can he tatpnanorf- .t. L-.i' x -...ef U used w
like seea, covering ratner aeepiy, ana ; -"r ine greaiesi :w-V-rr ".,t
' they will grow in spring and make Oliver Maple Trees
- new bulbs for another season. Kept
dry till spring, many pi inera win , x some silver leaf maple trees in
no grow. . my yard, and every fall or late sum-
: mer the leaves are eaten bv worms
Tulip, . hyacinths and : narcissus and the bark seems diseased near the
and. stored - in summer. Cross hara s t Wve. the sasnes
are nlaced between tbp 'cadic Tuea . .. ..r ..t, will burn
oFthem WU "TW r 1 P'-;- e M thick a5 th ee inS SJSSi fc?
ot tnem will , , 1 some s iver iear man (l trpp, :n a -x.v UP tne. plants. flV". ..uAhnt
. uan-iutu parung , eter closely and give air uuu
strip nailed to the middle of the bar. nd cold frames at every opportunity
The ends are dovetailed to the sides in sunny weather. If snow comes on
uui not nanea, so that they can be the cold frames let it alone, ior
taken out in preparing the bed. They' snow is 'apt to be followed by severe
make a slide for the sashes in airing a ft.- r will helo keep ou
bulbs can noW vbe planted at anytime ground. If this tree is so subj.ect to
ft fn Christmas. -but the earlier the disease -and' insects that it will A.
, bttttXiSfVm'- sPfay'ns every year, I would the bed. : . . m'X Tfc. : frames. Bat remove
SHSStid-.thi-Ma.fa ; The: CZrs ; w: fee.
auwu.u -,"r ... . . .. . - r ..-r-r-v - ....inuiwn- near, v stria il hnt hori . mill
irtrr U..1. 1 ----- wv. lit OtaiL
as
sunny.
- 44 mIa i4-aH Anilir 4-Viav m 1 " .
hnallycoia, ior it . "s lcc' DUl xs unsatistactory for enough plants for a lanre number nf
mi .o aH tret iniurert hv . sevAMl ne.. Ti. ... i. Fiau. a large numDer 01
wiu grovf: " ;i " . .wuo. xi is peculiarly na- sashes
uir turn iramcs. . nencft tiip
, frost; Planted iate,jney;w m icmam oie to attacks ot the cottony maple hot bed is not rnade lark excent in
dormant atid bloom: in ; lateFebruary r ouse another insects, and the w6od;Margop
-otiHifarch. They are reputed tender, ,,is so brittle-that the limhs
i ,,'.... ' - i . - ......... . .. i . , ., .. .. .......
for General utility
Salesman-Yes, - sir; J $er
ce suited .What xolor Stp
,. euesa' I'll - get-'somehingv as .near s
coiar as possi wwrf uus . -