THE PROGRESSIVE FARMER. P FARM QUESTIONS ANSWERED : lor Peas. . ;'- Messrs. t Editors: Please tell me when is the best time to put nitrate of soda to cotton; Some say the first of this month, while others say in July when it gets to blooming freely. I want to put about 75 or 100 pounds to the acre. Is it best to put it to both sides, or just one side, which would not be every other middle? to mix acid phosphate and kainit for the pea crop. How much kainit would you use to the sack of phos phate? I am out of muriate of pot ash and want to substitute kainit. v A; E. CROOM. Duplin Co., N. C. . (Answer by T. B.-Parker.) (1) If good seasons prevail and your cotton is making all the growth that should be expected of it, then wait until promise of drying weather 'before you apply the nitrate of soda. I would apply 100 pounds per acre this way: put 50 pounds in every other middle about the 20th of June, orbout the time your cotton begins to bloom; then . about three weeks later put the other 5 0 pounds in the other middles cultivating it in both times. I would not apply soda Tater than, say, the 25th of July. (2) Mix 100 pounds of kainit with 200 pounds of acid and apply 300 to 400 pounds of the mixture per acre for your pea crop. Also see two an swers by Professor Massey on page 2 relating to fertilizer for cowpeas. long the hay should lie on the ground. It should not lie on the ground longer, however, than may be necessary to dry it out enough to keep the hay from heating. Con cerning the curing of the hay, it would be well to consult some neigh bor who has had experience with a like mixture of hay plants. " Ppne A f tor Oiifa Cnu-iii r Ta TTav Messrs. Editors: I have a few oats sowed and want to follow with peas. Will it pay me to sow again this fall for winter grazing, or shall I plant it in cotton? I want to save the pea hay. Should 1 sow broad cast, or drill? I want hay and want to build up the land. I have three or four acres of bottom land that I want to cut for hay, mostly sage grass. At what stage shall I cut it? I have no experience with ay. How long should it lie on the ground? W. A. GARDNER. Editorial Answer: The peas fol lowing the present crop of oats will make the land much better for rais ing either corn or cotton next year. It would be better to plant oats this fall on other land and have peas fol low the oats next summer, if the idea is to improve the soil on the whole farm by a system of rotation. Fall planted oats following a pea crop will give a large yield of grain at small cost. A pea crop furnishes the soil with the kind of plant food that greatly increases the yield of oat grain. : . To make hay, cut cowpea vines when about half the pods are ripe. The hay is more easily cured then than if the cutting were earlier. Al low the vines to remain in the swath until well wilted and the leaves are dry. Then rake the hay into wind rows and let it remain till the smaller vines are dry. It may then be put into high narrow cocks till it passes through a sweat. JWhen it has sweated enough, it may be stack ed in a field shed or a large mow If it is to be baled, it should remain in this large mass about six weeks first. In these columns there was re cently a long article on the advan tage of drilling peas, and that arti cle may be referred to for informa tion on sowing peas. Since it is unknown what thehay crop on the bottom land consists of it sould not be-safe to say just how Silo Questions Answered. Messrs. Editors: A reader, at Ayden, N. C., wishes dimension of a 100-ton stave silo? How many tons of ensilege may. be grown per acre of Jand? And how many head of grown cattle will a hundred tons silege feed during the winter? A silo about 16 feet in diameter and 24 feet high if filled very full will hold about 100 tons. To in sure having the silo full when the silage has settled, used 4 feet poul try netting above the top of the tub; fill to the top of the netting, then tramp in around the edges each day as the silage settles. . The silo will be about level full when well settled. Good land will .produce from 8 to 16 times of silage per acre, depend ing somewhat on variety of corn used and thickness of planting. A hundred tons of silage will feed about 25 head of grown cattle what they will need for six months. We expect to build a new silo the present summer out" of 2x4 oak staves spiked together edgewise, as per method described in a previous issue. A. L. FRENCH. Remedy for an Injured Teat or Udder. Messrs. Editors: Mr. W. Pat Nor thern, of Currituck Co., N. C, sends an inquiry in regard -to the bloody milk given by one of tiis'cows From his description I would judge that this is due, in all probability, to an injury of the teat or udder. The small lumps in the teat would point to an injury of it. Should this be the case, it would be advisable to place a sterile milk tube in the teat until the bloody discharges cease. In any case, frequent milking of -the affected teat is necessary, and where this is done, the bloody discharges ordinarily cease in the course of a few days. The milk should be discarded intil it again assumes its normal appear ance. JOHN MICHELS, Experiment Station, West Raleigh, N. C. Best Way to Dehorn Calves; Messrs. Editors:- A ' reader at Asheville, N. C, wants to know the proper age and most humane meth od of dehorning calves. The proper age is nine months before the calf is born and the most humane meth od is by the use of a polled bull However, if this method cannot be followed in this case, take the calves when two weeks of age, moisten the spots where the little horns are to appear later, and rub the spots (about the size of a ten cent piece) with a stick of caustic potash that may be purchased at most any drug tore. To make sure, repeat the treatment after about two weeks. A. Li. FRENCH. I thank you for not stopping my paper. Find one dollar enclosed for renewal. I do not want to miss single ' copy. Have been a regular reader for over twenty years, and have gained a lot of information from it. S. P. Pool, Granville Co., N. C Don't give up the ship! James Lawrence. -Capt, With Our Rural Letter Carriers; DIRECTORY: - C. U. MONDAY. President. AsHEvnxE SION H. ROGERS, Vice-Pres.. Monroe J. M. BALLARD, Sec. andTreas., Newton Next State Convention meets in Wil mington, JvHy 3d and 4th. Address the Secretary at once for mem bership certificates and blank receipts. Carriers Enjoyed a Barbecue. Messrs. Editors: The Lenoir Coun ty Rural Letter Carriers' Association celebrated National Memorial Day by having a big barbecue and picnic in the old park grounds near Parrot s bridge. Nearly all the carriers and their families and the Kinston post office force and city carriers were present. In the afternoon the rural carriers held their annual meeting. Two new members were enrolled. Officers were elected as follows:. John T. Hill, President; L. A. Robin son, Vice-President; Mike Lee, Secretary-Treasurer; E. W. Robinson, D. W. Mallard, and E. G. Tyndall, Ex ecutive Committee. F. T. Harper was elected delegate to State meet ing at Wilmington, N. C, July 3-4, 1908, and L. A. Robinson was elect ed alternate. The meeting adjourned to meet again in the town of La Grange next Thanksgiving Day, 1908. MIKE LEE, Secretary-Treasurer. . Kinston, N. C. Carriers From Four Counties Organ ize at Henderson, N. O. ' Messrs. Editors: The carriers of Warren, Vance, Granville and part of Halifax held a meeting at Henderson Decoration Day for the purpose of organizing above counties as one as sociation. Mr. J. C. Kittrell, Superintendent of Public Schools of Vance delivered the address of welcome.- After the address of welcome the association proceeded with its business, B. L. Hester acting as chairman, with T. R. Walker, Jr., and Herbert Lyon as secretaries. Officers were elected as follows: D. N. Hunt, of Oxford, as President; O. H. Wickoff, of Manson, Vice President; Herbert Lyon, of -Lyon, Secretary-Treasurer. . Itwas decided that the name of the association should be the Rural Letter Carriers' Association of War ren, Vance, Granville, and part Hali fax. Herbert Lyon, of Lyon;- D. N. Hunt, of Oxford, and T. R. Walker, Thursday, June 11, Jr., of Littleton, were elects do gates to the State Convention at Wilmington, July 3rd and 4th. Peter Hester, of Henderson; j p Hunt, of Oxford, and O. H. Wyckoff of .Manson, were elected alternates to State Convention. Floods in Texas and Oklahoma. Messrs. Editors: .Already Texas and Oklahoma were late with the cotton crop. Rains and cold weather had retarded planting in north Texas and Oklahoma, and cold had made necessary a great deal of replanting in south Texas as late as May 15th Overflows had made much planting and replanting necessary up to a still later date. The last few days have witnessed the greatest general rain fall and the highest waters e?er known in either of these States. At many places over six inches of rain fell in as many , hours. Railroad bridges by dozens have been washed away, and travel is greatly crippled. The rich Brazos and Trinity bottoms are now (May 27) under water, and it will be June before they can be planted again. This means nearly certain failure in a boll weevil coun try. Crops are everywhere late, poor and grassy. Much planting has been done on land that was prepared early but has become foul so as to need preparing again. Considering every thing, the prospect must be. about as poor as it was this time last year.' Texas made one of the poorest crops it ever had last year not much more than half of the year before. PROP. W. C. WELBORN. College Station, Texas. mmm Fifty miles from Washington. Oldest preparatory school in Virginia. Pre pares for Business, Universities and Government Academies. Able faculty. Thorough instruction. Individual at tention.' Charges $275. For illustrated catalogue and information, address COL. WML M. KEMPER, Supt. 3 regardless of cost or profits, on all of my 125 styles GENUINE SPLIT HICKORY Bug- giea ana tiamess boiu Direct from Factory 01 30Dtv Free Trial Twe Year-Guarantee. ; Now Is your chance to save many a aouar. write ior Dig B. C. fhelpa out Price Sheet ful ly explaining the proposition. Everything goes in this sale. OHIO CARRIAGE MFG. CO. Columbus. Ohio - r. - JOXAAU ' UUilXVnviMI (Hhraniied tttel frmm. Continnouf opening. 8fe lddT. How to Bui W. c.tiAlAMAZ0O CO. ppM1 Mich. r Cow Peas are worth millions of dollars to this country, increasing- the produc tiveness and value of the land wherever they are sown. Farmers should sow all of their available lands in Cow Peas. Sow for a Forage Crop ; V Sow after Grain Crops ; v Sow at the Last Working of Corn ; Sow on your Vacant and Uncultivated Lands. - Caw Peas make a large-yielding and nutritious forage crop, and leave the land rich in humus or vegetable matter, and in excellent condition, for the crops to follow. "We are headquarters for Cow Peas, German Millet, Sorghums, Late Seed Potatoes, Crimson Clover and all Seasonable Seeds. Write for Wood's Crop. Special, giving prices and timely information. " . T. W. WOOD & SONS, Seedsmen, Richmond, Va.