THE PUBLIC LEDGER.
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS
J. B. JiOOTH. J. Q HUNT
BOOTH & HUNT,
Warehousemen.
TO TOBACCO GUOWEUS :
Oxford, N. C, Sept. istu, 1894.
We take this raetho 1 of announcing to
our frieu'ls an l natr ns tt at we are still
ut thf Alliance Warehou-e, and are pre
P neJ to serve you faithfully in the
fntare as we have in the past.
We hold one of the largest wrapper
orl MS in the United States.
Sell your Wrappers with us; we are
auxion? for the;n and will pay you as
much for them as any firm in or out o
the Sta-e.
All eolory Tobaccos are in active de
mand. Our order men want them and
will pay you OUTSIDE PttlCES for all
grades.
Try us with a loa 1 and we w ill send
you home ivjojcing.
Vonr friend?,
Booth & Hunt.
sept 14.
E.T.WHITE. J.M. CURRIN,
President. Vice President.
J. H. ROLLER, Cashier.
Bank of Granville,
OXFORD, N. C.
Loans made on approved security.
With unsurpassed facilities for handling
all business entrusted to us, with prompt
ness, accuracy and security. We solicit
your account. Respectfully,
E. T. WHITE,
FIELDING KNOTT,
J. S. BROWN,
J. G. HALL.
G. B. ROYSTER,
T. H. BULLOCK,
J M. CURRIN,
W. B. BALLOU,
aug3i Directors.
T CKAWFOKI) 1JIS,
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Attorney - at - Letw,
OXFORD, X. C.
OFFICE IN COOPER BANK BUILDING.
1'rompt and d'ligent attention givin to all
usinesa. oct2S-ly.
J. C. COOPER & SONS,
BANKERS,
OXFORD. -
N. 0.
y frc Is 16 5fl &C 53 C3 5-9 S3 t
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We colicit the patronage of the public and in
ure th promptest attention to all business en
' niH;d to US.
We trive our personal attention to every de.
Ul! of our business and extend to our friends an a
'iietomers every accommodation. Business pa
p"r df counted for our customers at 8 per cent
'iiieret. J C CO'JPKR & SONS.
Sept. 14
yK- . FOIST,
Dental Surgeon,
OXFORD, N. C.
tiers his Drofesional services to the general
public. . i
' WTeeth extracted without pain, JanX3-Jy.
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Vl 1... .j?5RSSgBR
GROVER CLEVELAND
The President's Long Message
Read in Congress.
OUR PRESENT FINANCIAL SYSTEM.
He Makes a Number of Suggestions Re
garding: Reform of the Laws Now
Existing Talks About Banks
and Those Gold Bond.
The message of President Cleveland
has been read in congress
This report contains the main features
of the paper. Only the reference to the
report of cabinet officers, that have
been printed and matters of less im
portance have been eleminated.
Message to Congress of the United States:
The assemblage within the nations legislative
halls of those charged with the duty of making
laws for the benefit of a generous and free peo
ple impressively suggests the exacting obliga
tion and inexorable responsibility involved in
their task at the threshold of such labor now to
be undertaken by the congress of the United
States, and in t:ie discharge of an executive
duty enjoined by the constitution, I submit
this communication containing a brief state
ment of the condition of our national affairs and
recommending such legislation as seems to me
necessary and expedient.
The history of our recent dealings with other
nations and our peaceful relations with them at
this time additionally demonstrate the advan
tage of consistently adhering to a firm but just
foreign policy free, from envious or abitious
national schemes and characterized by entire
honesty and sincerity.
During the past j ear, pursuant to a law of
congress, commissioners were appointed to the
Antwerp Industrial exposition. Though the
participation of American exhibitors fell far
short of completely illustating or national inge
nuity and industrial achievements yet it wus
quite creditable in view of the brief time al
lowed for preparation.
I have endeavored to impress upon the Bel
gium government the Heedlessness and posi
tive harmfulness of its restrictions upon the
importation of certain of our food products,
and have strongly urged that the rigid supervi
sion and inspection under our laws are amply
sufficient to prevent the exportation from this
country of diseased cattle and unwholesome
meats.
The termination of the civil war in Brazil
has been followed by a general prevalence
of peace and order. It appearing at an early
stage of the insurrection that its course would
call for unusual watchfulness on the part of
this government, our naval force in the harbor
of Rio Jauerio was strengthened. This pre
caution I am satisfied tended to restrict the
issue to a simple trial of strength between the
Brazilian government and the insurgents and to
avert complications, which at times seemed
imminent. Our firm attitude of neutrality was
maintained to the end. The insurgents re
ceived no encouragement of eventual asylum
from our commanders, and such opposition as
they encountered was for the protection of our
commerce and was clearly justified by public
law.
A serious tension of relations having arisen
at the close of the war between Brazil and
Portugal by reason of the escape of the insur
gent Admiral DaGama and his followers. The
friendly offices of our representatives to those
countries were exerted for the protection. of
the subjects of either within the territory of
the other, although the government of Brazil
was only notified that the commercial arrange
ment existing between the United States and
that country based on the third section of the
Tariff law of 1890, was abragated on August '28.
1894, by the taking effect of the tariff law in
force that government subsequently notified
us of its intention to terminate such arrange
ment on the first day of January, 1895, in the
exercise of the right reserved in the arrange
ment between the two countries. Attention to
the! correspondence between the secretary of
state and the Brazilian minister on this sub
ject. The commission organized under the conven
tion which we had entered into with Chili for
the settlement of the outstanding claims of
each government against the other adjourned
at the end of the period stipulated for its con
tinuance, leaving undetermined a number of
American cases which had been duly present
ed. These claims are not barred and negotia
tions are in progress for the submission to a
new tribunal.
On the 17th of March last a new treaty with
China in fourth regulation of emigration was
signed at Washington, and on August 13th it
received the sanction of the senate. Ratifica
tion on the part of China and formal exchange
are awaited to give effect to this mutually ben
eficial convention.
A gratifying recognition of the uniform im
partiality of this country towards all foreign
states was manifested by the co-incident re
quest of the Chinese and Japanese governments
that the agents of the United States should,
within proper limits afford protection to the
subjects of the other during the suspension of
diplomatic relations due to a state of war.
This delicate office was accepted, and a mis
apprehension which gave rise to the belief that
in affording this kindly unofficial protection
our agents would exercise the same.
Authority which the withdrawn agents of the
belligerents had exercised was promptly cor
rected, although the war between China and
Japan endangers no policy of the United
States, it deserves our greavest consideration
by reason of its disturbance of our growing
commercial interests in the two countries and
the increased dangers which may result to our
citizens domiciled or sojourning in the interior
or China acting under a stipulation in our
treaty with Korea. (The first conducted with
a western power.) I felt constrained at the
beginning of the controversy to tender our good
offices tolnduce an amicable arrangement of
ihe initial difficulty growing out of the Japa
nese demands for an administrative reform in
Korea but the unhappy precipitation of actual
hostilities defeated this kindly purpose. De
ploring the destructive war between the two
most powerful of the eastern nations and anx
ious that our commercial interests
may be preserved and that the safety of our
citizens there shall not be jeopardized, I would
not hesitate to head any intimation that our
friendly aid for the honorable termination of
hostilities would be acceptable to both belli
gerents. A convention has been finally concluded for
the settlement by arbitration of the prolonged
dispute with Ecuador grown out of the pro
ceedings against Emilic Santos, a naturalized
citizeifof the United States,
Our relations with the republic, of France
continue to be such as should exist between
nations so long bound together by friendly
sympathy and similarity in their form of gov
ernment. The recent cruel assassination of the presi
dent of this sister republic called forth such
universal expression of sorrow and condolence
from our people and government as to leave no
doubt of the depth and sincerity of our attach
ment. .
The resolutions passed by the senate and
house of representatives on the occasion have
been communicated to the widow of President
Carnot.
Acting upon the reported discovery of Texas
fever in cargoes of American cattle, the Ger
man prohibition against importations of live
stock and fresh meats from this country has
been received. It is hoped that Germany will
soon become convinced that the inhibition is
needless as it is harmful to mutual interests.
The German government has protested
against that provision of the customs tariff act
which imposes a discriminating duty of one
tenth of one cent a pound on sugar coming from
countries paying an export bounty thereon,
claiming that the exaction of such duty, is m
contravention of articles 5 and 9 of the treaty of
1828 with Prusia. In the interests of the com
merce of both countries and to avoid even the
accusation of treaty violation I recommend the
repeal of so much of the statute as imposes that
duty and I invite attention to the accompany
ing report of the secretary of state containing
a discussion of the questions raised by the pro
tet. Early to tbt present year uu agreemeat
was reached with Great Britain concerning in
structions to be given to the naval commanders,
of the two goverments in Bering sea and th
contiguous nort i Pacific ocean for their guid
ance in the execution of the award of the Paris
tribunal arbitration and the enforcement of the
regulations therein prescribed for the protec
tion of seal life in the waters mentioned. An
understanding has also been reached for the
payment by the United States of $125 030 in full
satisfaction of all claims which may be made
by Great Britain for damages growing out of
the controversy as to fur seals in Bearing Sea
or the seizure of British vessels engaged in
taking seal in those waters. The award and
findings of the Paris tribunal to a great extent
determined the facts and principles upon which
these claims should be adjusted and they have
been subjected by both governments to a
thorough examination upon the principles as
weli as the facts which they involve. I am con
vinced that a settlement upon the terms men
tioned would be an equita'jle and advantageous
one and I recommend that provision be made
for the prompt payment of the stated sum.
Thus far, only France and Portugal have sig
nified their willingness to adhere to the regula
tion established under the awai-d of the Paris
tribunal of arbitration.
Preliminary surveys of the Alaskain boundary
and a preparatory examination of the question
of protection of the food fish in the contiguous
waters of the United States and the Dominion
of Canada are in progress.
The boundry of British Guiniea still remains
in dispute between Great Britain and Veni
zeula. Believing that its early settlement on
some just basis alike honorable to both par
ties, is in the line of our established policy to
remove from this hemisphere all causes of dif
ferences with powers beyond the sea, I shall re
new the efforts heretofore made to bring about
a restoration of diplomatic relations between
the disputants and induce recourse to arbitra
tion which Great Britain so conspicuously
favors in principal and respects in practice and
which is earnestly sought by her weaker adver
sary. Since communicating the volumnous cor
respondence in regard to Hawaii and the ac
tion taken by the senate and house of regre
sentatives on certain questions submitted to
the judgment and wider discretion of congress
the organization of a government in Jilace of
the provisional arrangement which followed
the deposition of the Queen has been announc
ed with evidence of its effective operation. The
recognition usual in such cases has been ac
corded the new government under our present
treaties of extravation with Italy miscarriages
of justice have occurred owing to the refusal
of the government to surrender its own sub
jects. Thus far our efforts to negotiate an
amended convention obviating this difficulty
has been unavailing.
Apart from the war in which the island em
pire is engaged Japan attracts increasing at
tention in this country by her evident desire to
cultivate more liberal intercourse with us and
to seek our kindly aid in the furtherance of
her lauable desire for complete autonomy in
her domestic affairs and full equality in the
family of nations. The Japanese empire of to
day is no longer the Japan of the past, and ou?
relations with this progressive nation should
not be less broad and liberal than those with
other powers. Good will fostered by many
interests in common has marked our relations
with our nearest southern neighbor.
Peace being restored along her northern
frontier, Mexico has asked the punishment of
the late disturbers of her tranquility. There
ought to be a new treaty of commerce and nav
igation with that country to take the place of
the one which terminated thirteen years ago.
The friendliness of the intercourse between
the two countries is attested by the fact that
during this long period the commerce of each
has steadily increased under the role of mutual
consideration, being neither stimulated by con
ventional arrangements nor retarded by jeal
ous rivalries or selfish distrust.
An indemnity tendered by Mexico as a gra
cious act for the murder in 1887 of Leon Bald
win an American citizen by a band of marau
ders in Durango has been accepted and is be
ing paid in installments. The problem of the
storage and use of the waters of the Rio
Grande for irrigation should be solved by ap
propriate concurrent action of the two inter
ested countries. Rising in the Colorado
Height the stream flows intermittently yield
ing little water during the dry months to the
irrigating channels already constructed along
its course.
In its course through level sands often raise
embarrassing questions of territorial jurisdic
tion. Prominent among the questions of the
year was the Bluefields incident, in what is
known as the Mosquito Indian strip bordering
on the Atlantic Ocean and within the juris
diction of Nicaragua. By the treaty of 1860 be
tween Great Britain and Nicaragua the for
mer government expressly recognized the
sovereignty of the latter over the strip and a
limited form of self-government was guaran
teed to the Mosquito Indians to be exercised
according to their customs, for themselves and
other dwellers within its limits.
The socalled native government, which grew
to be largely made up of aliens for many years
disputed the sovereignty of Nicaragua over
the strip and claimed the right to maintain
therein a practically independent municipal
government. Early in the past year efforts of
Nicaragua to maintain sovereignty over the
Mosquito territory led to serious disturbances
culminating in the suppression of the native
government and the attempted substitution
of an impracticable 'composite administration
in which Nicaragua and alien residents were
to participate. Failure was followed by an
insurrection which for a time subverted Ni
caraguan rule, expelling her officers and re
storing the old organization. This, in turn,
gave place to the existing local government
established and upheld by Nicaragua.
Although the alien interests arrayed against
Nicaragua in these transactions have been
largely American and the commerce of that
region has been for some time and still is
chiefly controlled by our citizens, we cannot
for that reason challenge the rightful sover
eignty of Nicaragua over this important part
of her domain. For some months one, and
part of the time two, of our naval, ships have
been stationed at Bluefields for the protection
of all legitimate interests of our citizeus. In
September last the government at Nicaragua
expelled from its territory twelve or more for
eigners including two Americans for alleged
participation in the seditious or revolutionary
movements against the republic at Bluefields
already mentioned, but by the earnest remon
strances of this government, the two Ameri
cans have been permitted to return to the
peaceful management of their business. Oui
naval commanders at the scene of these dis
turbances by their constant exhibition of firm
ness and good judgment contributed largely tc
the prevention of more serious consequences
and to the restoration of quiet and order.
I regret tkat in the midst of these occur
rences there happened a most grave and irri
tating failure of Nicaraguan justice. Ar
American citizen named Wilson residing at
Rama, in the mosquito territory, was mur
dered by one Angillo, the acting governor ol
the town. -After, some delay the murderer was
arrested but so insecurely confined or guarded
that he escaped and notwithstanding our re
peated demands, it is claimed his recapture
has been impossible by reason of his flight be
yond Nicaraguan jurisdiction.
The Nicaraguan authorities having given
notice of forfeiture of their concession to thf
canal company on grounds purely technical anc"
not embraced in the contract, have receded
from that position.
Perti, I regret to say, shows symptoms of do
mestic disturbances due probably to the slow ness
of her recuperation from the distresses oJ
the war of 1881. Weakened in resources, hei
difficulties in facing international obligation?
invite our kindly sympathy and justify our for
bearance in pressing long pending claims. J
have felt constrained to testiry this sympathj
in connection with certain demands ur
gently preferred by other powers. The recent
death of the C?ar of Russia called forth appro
priate expressions of sorrow and sympathy or
the part of our government with his bereaved
family and the Russian people.
As a further demonstration of respect and
friendship our minister at St. Petersburg was
directed to represent our government at th
funeral ceremonies. The sealing interests oi
Russia in Behring sea are second only to oui
own. A modus divendi has therefore been con
cluded with the imperial government restric
tive of poaching on the Russian rookeries and
of sealing in waters which were not compre.
headed in the protected arena deflaed la tbi
Paris award. Occasion has been found to
urge upon the Russian government equality of
treatment for our great life insurance compa
nies whose operations have been extended
throughout Europe.
Admitting as we do foreign operation to
transact business in tMe United States, we
naturally expected no less tolerance for our
own in the ample fields of competition abroad.
But few cases of interference with naturaliz
ed citizens returning to Russia have been re
ported during the current year. One Krze
minski, was arrested last summer in a Polish
province on a reported charge of unpermitted
renunciatiation of Russian allegiance but it
transpired that the proceedings originated in
alleged maleasfance committed by Krzeminski
while an imperial official a number of years
ago. Efforts for his release, which promised
to be successful, were in progress when bis
death was reported.
The government of Salvador being over
thrown by an abrupt popular outbreak, certain
of its military and civil officers, while hotly
pursued by infuriated insurgents, sought
refuge on board of the United States warship
Bennington, then lying in a Salvadorn port.
Although the practice of asylum is not favored
by this government, yet in view of the immi
nent peril which threatened the fugitives, and
solely from consideration of humanity, they
were afforded shelter by our naval commander
and then afterwards demanded under our
treaty of extraditon with Salvador for trial on
charges of murder, arson and robbery, I di
rected that such of them as had not voluntarily
left the ship be conveyed to one of our nearest
ports where a hearing could be had before a
judiciary officer in compliance with the terms
of the treaty. On their arrival at San Fran
cisco such a proceeding was promptly insti
tuted before the United district judge, who
held that the acts constituting the alleged
offenses were political and discharged all the
accused except Cienfuegoes, who was held for
attempt to murder. Thereupon I was con
strained to direct his release for the reason
that an attempt to murder was not one of the
crimes charged against him and upon which
bis surrender to the Salvadorean authorities
had been demanded.
Unreasonable and unjust fines imposed by
Spain on the vessels and commerce of the
United States, have demanded from time to
time, during the last twenty years, earnest re
monstrance on the part of our government. In
the immediate past exorbitant penalties have
been iviposed upon our vessels and goods by
customs authorities of Cuba and Porto Rico for
clerical errors of the most trivial character in
the manifests or bills of lading. In some cases
fines amounting to thousands of dollars have
been levied upon cargoes or the carrying ves
sels when the goods in question were entitled
to free entry.
Fines have been exacted even when the error
had been detected and the Spanish authorities
notified before the arrival of the goods in port.
This conduct isin strange contrast with the con
siderate and liberal treatment extended to
Spanish vessels and cargoes in our ports in like
cases. No satisfactory settlement of these vex
ations questions has yet been reached. The
Mora case, referred to in my last annual mes
sage, remains unsettled. From the diplomatic
correspondence on this subject, which has been
laid before the senate, it will be seen that this
government has offered to conclude a conven
tion with Spain for disposal by arbitration of
outstanding claims bet ween the two countries,
except the Mora claim, which having been long
ago adjusted now only wants payment as stipu
lated and of course it could not be included in
the proposed convention. It was hoped this
offer would remove parliamentary obstacles en
countered by the Spanish government in pro
viding payment of the Mora indemnity. I re
gret to say that no definite reply to this offer
has yet been made and all efforts to accure pay
ment of this settled claim have been unavail
ing. In my last annual message I adverted to the
claim on the part of Turkey of the right to ex
pell, as persons undesirable and and dangerous,
Americans naturalized in t!ie United States
and returning to Turkish jurisdiction. Numer
ous questions in this relation have arisen.
While this government acquiesces in the as
serted right of expulsion it will not consent
that Americans may be imprisoned or other
wise punished for no other reason than having
acquired without imperial consent American
cittzenship. Three of the assailants of Miss
Melton, an American teacher in Mosul, have
been convicted by the Ottoman court s, and I am
advised that an appeal against the acquital of
the remaining five has been taken by the
Turkish prosecuting officers. A convention has
been concluded with Venezula for the arbitra
tion of a long disputed claim growing out of the
seizure of certain vessels, the property of citi
zens of the United States.
Although signed, the treaty of extradition
with Venezuela is not yet in force, owing to the
insistence of that government that, when sur
rendered, its citizens shall in no case be liable
to capital punishment.
The rules for the prevention of collisions at
sea which were framed by the lJKiritine confer
ence held in this city in 1889 having been con
currently incorporated in the statues of the
United States and Great Britain, have been
announced to take effect March 1. 1895, and
invitations have been extended to all maritine
nations to adhere to them, Favorable re
sponses have thus far been received from Aus
tria, France, Portugal Spain and Sweden.
In my last annual message I referred briefly
to the unsatisfactory state of affairs in Samoa
under the operation of the Berlin treaty as
signally illustrating the impolicy of entang
ling alliances with foreign powers, and on May
9, 1894, in response to a resolution of the senate
I sent a special message and document to that
body on the same subject, which emphasized
my previously expressed opinions. Later oc
currences, the correspondence in regard to
which will be laid before congress further
demonstrates that the government which was
devised by the three powers and forced upon
the Samoans against their inveterate
hostility can be maintained only by the con
tinued presence of foreign military force and
at no small sacrifice of life and treasure. The
suppression of the Matasfa insurrection by the
powers, and the subsequent banishment of the
leader and eleven other chiefs, as recited in
my last message, did not bring lasting peace to
the islands. Formidable uprisings continued
and finally a rebellion broke out in the capitol
island.
The King again appealed to the powers for
help and the combined British and German
naval forces reduced the Atuans to apparent
subjection not however without considerable
loss to the natives. A few days later Yama
sese and his adherent, fearing the ships and
the marines, professed submission. Reports
received from our agents at Apia do not justi
fy the belief that the peace thus brought about
will be of long duration, It is their conviction
that the natives are at heart hostile to the
present government; that such of them as
profess loyalty to it do so from fear of the
powers and that it would speedily go to pieces
if the warships were withdrawn. In report
ing to his government on the unsatisfactory
situation since the suppression of the late re
volt, by foreign armed forces, the Gorman con
sul at Apia stated that peace will be lasting
is hardly to be presented. The lesson given
by firing on Atua was not sufficiently sharp
and incisive to leave a lasting impression on
the forgetful Samoan temperament. In fact
conditions are existing which show that peace
will not last and it is not seriously intended.
Listen, the king, and his chief are convinced
that the departure of the warships will be- a
signal for a renewal of war. The circumstan
ces that the representatives of the villages of
all the districts which were opposed to th?.
government have already withdrawn to Atu.
to hold meetings and that both Atua and Aana
cave forbidden inhabitants of those districts
which fo jght on the side of the government to
return to their villages and have already partly
burned down the latter indicates a real con
ciliation of the parties is still far off." And
m a note of the 18th Ula inclosing a copy of
iihat report for the information of this gov
ernment, the German ambassador said :
"The contents of the report awakenedothe im -Ierial
governments apprehension that under
existing circumstances the peace concluded
with the rebels will afford no assurance of the
lasting restoration of tranquility in the is
lands. The present government has utterly failed
to correct, if indeed it has not aggrevated, the
very evils it was intended to prevent. It has
not stimulated our commerce with the the is
lands. Our participation in its establishment
against the wishes of the natives was to plain
defiance of the conservative teachings and
warnings of the wise and patriotic men who
laid the foundations of our free institutions,
and I invite an expression of the judgment of
congress in the propriety of steps being taken
by this government looking to the withdrawal
from its engagements with the other powers
on some reasonable terms not prejudical to
any of our exciting rights.
The secretary of the treasury reports that
the receipts of the government from all sources
of revenue during the fiscal year ending June
30, 1894, amounted to $372,802,498.29 and its ex
penditures to $442,604,758, leaving a deficit of
$69,803,240.58. There was a decrease of $15,952,
874.68 in the ordinary expenses of the govern
ment as compared with the fiscal year 1893.
There was collected from customs $431,818,530.62
and from internal revenue $147,168,449.70. The
balance of the income for the year amounting
to $93,815,817.97 was derived from the sales of
lands and other sources.
The balance of our total dutiable imports
amounts to $275,199,086, being $155,657,625 less
than during the preceding year and the im
portations free of duty amounted to $379,793,
536, being $64, 748,675 less than during the pre
ceding year. The receips from customs were
$73,536,486.11 less and from internal revenue
$13,830,539.97 less than in 1893. The total tax
collected from distilled spirits was $8"i.259.150.25
on manufactured tobacco $28,617,898.62 and on
fermented liquors $31,414,788.04. Our exports
of merchandise domestic and foreign, amount
ed during the year to $892,140,572, being an in
crease over the preceding year of $44,485,378.
The report of the attorney general notes the
gratifying progress made by the supreme court
in overcoming the arrears of its business and
in reaching a condition in which it will be able
to dispose of cases as they arise without any
unreasonable delay. This result is of course
very largely due to the successful working of
the plan of inaugurating circuit courts of ap
peals. In respect to these tribunals the sug
gestion is made in quarters entitled to the
highest consideration that an additional dis
trict judge for each circuit would greatly
strengthen these courts and the confidence re
posed in their adjudications. And that such
an addition would not create a greater force of
judges than the increasing business of such
courts requires. 1 commend the suggestion to
the careful consideration of the congress.
Other important topics are adverted to in the
report, accompanied by recommendations,
many of which have been treated at large in
previous messages, and at this time therefore
need only be named. I refer to the abolition of
the fee system as a measure of compensa
tion to federal officers. The enlargement of
the powers of the United States commissioners
at least in the territories, the allowance of
writs of error in criminal cases on behalf of
the United States, and the establishment of
degrees in the crime of murder. A topic dealt
with by the attorney general of much impor
tance is the condition of the administration of
justice in the Indian Territory. The perma
nent solution of what is called the Indian
problem is probably not to be expected at
once, but meanwhile such ameliorations of
present conditions as the existing system
will admit of ought not to be neglected. I am
satisfied there should be a federal court estab
lished for the territory with sufficient judges,
and that this court should sit within the terri
tory and have the same jurisdiction as to terri
torial affairs as is now vested in the federal
courts sitting in Arkansas and Texas.
Free Through the Mails.
The postofflce master general believes that in
the near future all legitimate newspapers and
periodical magazines might be properly trans
mitted through the mails to their subscribers
free of cost.
I invite your prompt consideration of this
subject, and fully indorse the views of the post
master general.
The total number of postofflcee in the United
States on the 60th of June 184 was 69,805 an in
crease of 40.5 over the preceeding year. Of
these 34-8 were presidential, an increase in that
class of 68 over the preceding year.
Six hundred and ten cities and towns are
provided with free delivery. Ninety-three
other cities and towns entitled to this service
under the law have not been accorded in on ac
count of inefficient funds. The expense of free
delivery for the current fiscal year will be more
than $12,3i 0 000 and under existing legislation
this item of expenditures is subject to constant
increase. The estimated cost of rural free de
livery, generally is so very large that it ought
not to be considered in the present condition of
affairs.
During the year 830 additional domestic
money order offices were established. The
totai number of these offices at the close of the
year was 13,264. There were 14 303.041 money
orders issued during the year, being an increase
over the preceding year of 994,300. The value
of these orders amounted to $138,793,579.40, an
increase of $11,217,145,84. There were also is
sued during the year postal notes amounting to
$ 12,649,094.55. During the year 213 international
money order offices were added to these already
established, making a total of 2,625 such offices
in operation June 30th, 1894. The number of in
ternational money orders issued during the
year was 917,823, a decrease in number of 138,
176 and their value was 13,792,455,81, a decrease
in amount of $2,549,382.55. The number of orders
paid was 861.180, an increase over the preceding
year of 60.262 and their value was $G,508,4J3.78,
an increase of $1,285,118.08.
From the foregoing statement it appears that
the total issue of money orders and postal notes
for the year mounted to $165,225,229-35.
The number of letters and packages mailed
during the year for special delivery was 3,436,
970. The special delivery stamps used upon
these letters and packages amounted to $343,
797. The messengers fees paid for their de
livery amounted to $261,209,70, leaving a bal
ance in favor of the government of $82,487.30.
The report shows most gratifying results in
the way of econemies worked out without af
fecting the efficiency of the postal service.
These consist in the abrogation of steamship
subsidy contracts, re-letting of mail contracts,
and in the cost and amount of supplies used in
the service amounting to $16,619,047.42.
This report also contains a valuable contri
bution to the h'. story of the Universal Postal
union, an arrangement which amounted prac
tically to the establishment of one postal sys
tem for the entire civilized world. Special at
tention is directed to this subject at this time,
in view of the fact that the next congress of
the union will meet in Washington in 1897 and
it is hoped that timely action will be taken in
the direction of perfecting preparations for
that eyent.
The postmaster general renews the sugges
tion made in a previous report that the depart
ment organization be increased to the extent
of creating a direct supervision of all postal
affairs, and in this suggestion I fully concur.
There are now connected with the postofflce
establishment 32,661 employes who are in the
classified service. This includes many who
have been classified upon the suggestion of the
postmaster general. He states that another
year's experience at the head of the department
serves only to strengthen the conviction as to
the excellent working of the civil service law
in this branch of the public service.
Attention is called to the report of the secre
tary of the navy which shows very gratifying
progress in the construction of ships for our
new navy. All the vessels now building, in
cluding the three torpedo boats authorized at
the last session of congress excepting the first
class battleship Iowa, will probably be com
pleted during the coming fiscal year.
The estimates for the increase of the navy
for the year ending June 30, 1896, are large, but
they include practically thc entire sum neces
sa ry to complete and equip all the new ships
not now in commission so that unless new
ships are authorized the appropriations for
the naval service for the fiscal year ending
June 30, 1897, should fall below the estimates
for the. coming year by at least $12,000,000.
The secretary presents with much earnest
ness a plea for the authorization of three ad
ditional battle ships and ten or twelve torpedo
boats. While the unarmored vessels heretofore
aut horized, including those now nearing com-
pleiion, will constitute a fleet, which it is be-
lieved is sufficient for ordinary cruising pur
poses in time of peace, we have now completed
and in process of construction but four first
class battle ships and but four torpedo boats.
If we are to have a navy for warlike operations
offensive and defensive, we certainly ought to
increase both the number ot battle ships and
torpedo boats.
I recommend that provision be made for the
construction of additional battleship and tor
pedo boats. The secretary recommended the
manufacture not only of a reserve supply of
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Sale of Land.
D Y VIRTUE OF A DEEO IN TRUST
to me executed on the 41I1 flay of
April, 1892, by S. & S. I). Peed and dr.ly
recorded on pae 203, book 34 of the Mort
gage Records cf Granville county, I will
sell to the highest bidder, for cash, at the
cou-thouse door 111 Oxford, on the 8th day
of December, 1894, the tract or parcel of
land in Tally Ho Township, Granvill Co.,
adjoining the lands ot Jas. II Webb, Mrs.
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formerly purchased by Shermau Peed of
S. D. Pe d and Jos. L. Haskins. containing
54 acres more or less.
IF T f X' 1 A.
1 j. fi. l.uiu, x. rubiec,
' November 8th, 1894. covg-t.
tlx rm-fl