North Carolina Newspapers

) - . -- "V ! ' t ' , " " ,; " ' , i'tl. ' ' . -.- .. : : j f - !' V ')'. t v -r yiW J. YBRITT, Proprietor. VOL, 2. THE OXFORD FREE LANCE, FBEE AND INDEPENDENT JOTJKNiX- r . r 3?ullisliedeTeryiPriday Morning over the ' f Drugstore of i B. J. MITCHELL & SONS, v.. y oxford. ; ar. c. :' f JOHN TiK DRITT. -o- Price Subscription j f A - . 'f .y : . - I, .75 :;..jLi. . 1 i ' Any person sending a club of i Five Subscribers, accompanied t 1 &v s iwj cash, vill receive one I ) copy free for one year 1 "Advertising Bates Literal i 'v - 1 The Free Lance is the Leading Journal of Granville County and , circulating largely in all the adjoining counties, offers an unsurpassed medium for Ad vertisers to readh the pnblic I v,- --Jo- :;. ' i SS All Business Letters-must be Ad dressed? to the Publishers. PROFESSIONAL ( ARl)S. TOHN ;W. HAlYS, Attorney & Counsellor at Law, H: - OXFOEb,' N. C. 'm j Office after the first day of January, over the ! , new store 01 t. D. (JrawforU & Co. . 1 A. S. lACE, j Attorney MtLa.w, : 0xfoed, n. c. Atteu ion paid toi collectioh of claims - H -! nol 3 R VENAJJLE ttorneyfat Law, OXFORD, X. C. tTacnces' in State C4ou its Supreme, Federal and Coloctious of; Claims a Nolltf . ": Specialtv. H T. JORDAN, Attorney & Counsellor at' Law, IJNJUJiUQU, -n. C: noltf GEORGE "WORTHAM, b. 1 Iff : Attorney at Law,. !.. OXFORD, N. C. , Office No 2 Tenable Building I II. Y O UN G i 1 Attorney & Councillor at Law, an412ra HENDERSON, N.C. f- T) M. B itfl G G S , yfltTTORNEY AT IBaleigh, vK (7. Practices iu the Courts of Wake and Orange and the Supreme ourit of North Carolina. Special attention gienlto collection' of claims and to the adjustment !and settlement of ac counts, particularly to the accounts of Guar dian and Ward, Executors, Administrators and Trustees, and all busio ess in tne Probate Court generaU.7. Office corner Fayet teville" and Martin streets, opposite Citizens'National jjanx, upstairs. . Jaul7tf J)R. GEO. W. LAND IS, Offers his profesional services to the people qf : Oxford f and surrounding country. 3 J'Can be found always at one of the Drug Stores, or athis father's residencera Ifo 14.tf l K. T. COUCH, Surgeon, Dentist, OXFORD; N. C. Maybe found at his residenft xvbere h will take 'pleasure in meeting his friends and attending to their wants, in the different branches of his profession. Residence opposite: Baptist Church. al tf 'j . j Dfl. j. BUKT01I sVILLIAMS. OXFOUP, N. C, Respectfully : informs thfi neonle of flriin- ville thkt I have located in the town of Oxford for the practice of my Jrofession. . .When not profession iMly engaged I can be found at the Drug Store nf BJ MITCHELL 4 SONS, or at my residence, lately occupied by Capt Jobn A Williams, on College street. TMBORTANT TO BUILDERS. ' 1 HAVE recently- added a new feature to ay Steam Saw Mill iu the way of a first-class Planin & E-onounced the most superior thing of i the nd eyer brought to the State. " f I am now prepaired to furnish at Bhor no tice and as cheap as qan bo supplied else rhere all kinds of j . 4 -ItMBEB DRESSED AND j UNDRESSED." Rend in your orders and be convinced. Mo l! i R. V.. MINOR. i .i i r , MOTELS. $ ' 1 - i I . . . , . . QXFORD HOTEL, ip . B. E. ELLIOTT, Proprietor. II I am un prepared to accommodate the traTel-1 public on the most rrRRnf.alilA-. ... ing Special iuducementa civfin to rtfri. v the month. 4 , , ; JniTtf n J 1 $ , STOP AT THE YARBORO HOBSEi ; Raleigh, N. C.I RATIONAL HOTEL, ; Accommodations equpl to any in the citv. Board: $2,00 Per Davl Delightfully situated next to Capitol Square BAZFIGB,JV. C. : Special Inducements offered bv th wkefc and month. .'First-class Billiard and Bar iat- tacned to e House. j i 7tf 1 :r- : O. D. QSBORN, Proprietor, Q.OODE 'HOUSE, CORNEB COHMjERCE AND MAIN STREETS, jyorjouc, va. j Jesse C. Jacocks, Proprietor W. S. WHEDBEE, Clekk Board Pe r D ay $ 3. Q 0; PROF. HORSFORD'S SELF RAISING r Unsurpassed for making Ugh Bread, xiscuii,i aiuinns, vvames, Cakes, and Pastry. Highly recommended by Physicians as nealthtul and nutritious.! Baron Liebig savs r i'The niitritirfi value ol. Hour will be increased ten per cent by the use of! iiorsiora s ; .bread Preparation." - tJse no lard or other shortenings lor Dieaa, oiscuit or rolls when . . .. this Preparation is d r ployed. The- cost is less than ordering ing Powder?- j bak- FOR SALE , BY GROCERS. Manufactured under the direction L e Tt -n i-r i ti - - r ? or x-roi. Jii. iv. i liorstord; bv the Kumford Chemical Woi-ks, Proii ut nee, R. I. ) . j' Send for Cook book. -i , fe22-6m ENVELOPES, PENS, INK, SLA TES, FTC, j rom JVlitchell & Sons, Oxford. NATIONAL STANDARD; WEBSTER'S UNABRIDGED. ; 3000 Engravings, 1840 Pages Quarto. 1 10,000 Words arid j Meanin gs not in other uictionaries. j j Four Pages colored Plates. A whole Library in (itself. Invaluable in any Family, and in any School. 1 Published by G&C MEP.BlAM,Springfield,Mas Warmiyi Endorsed by ! n "1 . V - "' i't'jiiey, ueo xr iuarsu, Haxleck, Whittier, Willis, Saxe, Elihn Burritt, ""u' HcuBici, inuus iiioaie, U Coleridge, Wncait, Horace Mann, more than Fifty! Col lege Presidents, and the best America and European scholars.. ' p I 1 Containg One-Fifth more matter than any other; the smaller type giving much more on a page. -. , . . i j j Contains 3000 Illustrations, nearlv three times as many as ay other Dictionary. j .J LOOK at the three picture of a ship, pn Pago 17ol, these alcne illustrate the meaning of more than 1 00 Words and terms far better than they can be defined in words. . : j I More than 30,000 copies have been plaoed m the public schools :o'f the United States; (Recommended by 32 State superintendents m scnoois, ana more; than 50 College Presi dents. I Has about. 10,000 words and meahings not mother Dictionaries. 1 1 . j : S Embodies about 100 years of literary labor, and is peveral years later vhan any other larse Didionary. - . . -' ! - j The sale of Webster's Dictionaries is 20 times as great as the sale of any other series of Dictionaries. . r j 1 "August 4, 1877. The Dictionary uled in the Government Printing oflice is Webster's Unabridged" ! , ' i.i". j Is it not rightlv claimed that Webster 13 THE NATIONAL STANDARD 1 1 JOHN LMARKHAM, DURHAM, N. C-fj Respectfully asks hifriends and the -public generally to come to , turham and look at his larg6 stock of . t General Merchandise, Agent for the celebrate i ; ' Nissen, also Spdch : WAGONS. Guarantees th hfict lowest prices. ; ja25 very LkK. JAMES CLEGG,' TWENTY 'years experience in Female Diseases, ' ir regularities, ovarian tumors, guarantees isfActionor no charges. Business confiden tialv Patients furnished with boaru ifi qu r ed. 89 and 91 bcuth High street, Jalt more iuurjiaiiu, , an 11 Jv T Bread Frepa anoi BUY; iiroun :. Scliool Bote Paper, "Hew to the line, let) the OXFORD, N. C.,; FRIDAY, APRIL 5, 1878. '0 A thing of beauty is a joy forever. MII WITH .CHRIST IA'cJOI. ;',:t i :. .. "! ; ; Who lives for earth, how sad his f ale , ' His past is strewed with wrecks of hopes And staggering beneath the weight Of care4 bis onward way he gropes. The seeming sports of wind and wave, He sighs for peace and rest in vai n, Each goal when won.but proves th? grave Of idols, ne'er to lore again. , I questioned wealth rank and f amp, Pow'r. pleasure all that men pursue. From each and aU the answer camb : "Nor rest, nor peace we ever knew." I turned me to the low abode. . .Where modest worth so humbly jdwells. "The slipp'ry waya tbesoTtever trbde," , I said, 'or drank from turbid wells." ! " ?' ' it-' . But these replied ; "Toil, pain and want Oar footsteps track from day to day. - For peace and rest we ever pant ; P Here troubles hold unceasing sway." Is there no state on earth, I cried, l Where harrassed spirits rest may find? Is this sweet boon to all denied? Is peace a stranger to mankind?! Alas! this worlds one scene of strife ; . Its every prize an idle' gaud; I; And peace a stranger tq the life 1 That is riot "hid with Christ Ood." Home is the sacred refuge of our life. ' . Dryden. MILDRED. i BY CONSTANCE MAITLAND. -She lifted Up her eyes,' nd loved him with a love that was heir-doom,' read Mildred, from the sweetest of all. lenysou's sweet Idyls: and as she paused a moment upon llie suo-. i! : , . ,A t- . & esuve woras, ana tbe cojnscious blush mantled over cheek and brow, our eyes met m one quick .glance; ana eacir, as 11 toy inspiration; learn ed for a truth ? what, had hitherto been qnly a suspicion that we lov ed,-both of us, Randolph Dubamel. "Miiareat"; v ;j "Constance ?" ' ; . j . . And, like stags at bay, we looked each other m the face for one long moment men, with a sudden flush, which, dypg down, left her face as wlute as ashes, Mildred said, "Con stance, what are we to do ?" I "There'1 is nothing for us to do," I answered, turning away .with bit terness in !my heart, ''nothing, but to keep each other's secret." J There ws a! pause, and she said again, with a slight , tremor in her voice,; Constance, whatever hap pens, do nbt let this come between our friendship." . . "There is na reason " Ijbegan. "Yes, therei is," she answered. quickly, and iwith flashing! eyes. "A moment ago, when you saw I loved himi there was cruel hatred m your heart. : I felt it. Yonconlrl almost haVe killed'me. Constance?" She was! right; for one brief sec ond I had been in sight of jieaven and my own conscience, a murderer! But repjentiance came, and with an inwardlcry for pardon, I caught my cousin's hand, r "Oh, Mildred " I. said. "Wive me! Nothing, not feven h? shall ever again borne between odr love ! Heaven keep me true !" ; And again and, asrain. since that day, I have thanked heaven for. the proniise then exchanged between us- ' ' On that same evening Mrs. Mur ray s soiree dinsante, at iich we were both engaged; and, with what cheerfulness wo miwlit Ar;i. dred and ldressed and went. There is a dim ieeling of Vague ness mixed with my recollection of the earlier hours of that ball. A confused sensation of lights aud perfume, of music and dancing, and a cloud of forma which Mildred aud I seamed to' be lor ever tossing to and fro, now aparij now, together, yet ever with a strange ki rent of s'vmDathv flow ing ceaselessly from one to the otn- pr, ana Keseping record in each of tbe others heart beats. .And' then Randolph DuhamePs dark, clear-cut face came between us, land iu1 the in toxication pt his presence, Mildred pll was forgotten. I know now how fully the happi ness of a whole Ihetimc lived and died in that one short hour; J know how the lights in the dazzling bail room grewj faint and pale before the animated glow of his dark eyes; how the hum of sound hushed into silence! as his voice only found . au dience in my ears ; how everything turned into: wearisome insignificance and sight and Jsound ; became cold and.dumb j before the presence of the man I loved ; and my jfoolbh heart' kept beating a vild measure to the words, "I love you, Randolph 1 love youI love youl" luntiiT alm'ost feared it might "break into Chips fall' where they ' My. voice and betray my secret. And then--then came the awakening. - 1 remember how the coul air of the conservatory blew over toy cheek, like a chill as we' turned in among the dark plants. I remem ber, as we passed, the white look of Mildred's face as she stood by the side of some tiresome partner ; and I remember how, like a heavy blow upon the heart, came, in their full significance, the words he was say ing to her. "Randolph Duhamel is engaged to Miss Fanny Powell !" I dropped his arm and looked at him. There was a glow over the dark cheeks and a .smile upon the pliant lips, that gave confirmation to the story even he spoke.' "Yes, JSliss Constance. I was bringing you into this quiet place to tell 'you. Will you not wish me joy?" ' And, with a dead weight wh ere all had been so light before, I took some low words of concratnlation. me pronered band, and miirmurt "Home. Home!" reDeated. rest- t , .. ... lessiy, to myself. .Ob, to !get home and think "to tnink! How would thinking help me now ,r TJ.i - l jjuu ouuu w e were aione nomin. Jiuarea ana 1 alone w th onh other, united more than ever in the aony of our mutual trial. oome little tears, some Dassionate words were indulged between us; and then, as bv rommnn onncont the subject was dronned. and nao.h bore her own weight of trouble as best she might. But I saw how Mildred's cheek paled day by day, and how the slight hectic flush came and went ; and I saw, too, that Mifdred suffer ed under a still more trying form of sorrow than mine ; for thinking, as I knew she did. tW. chosen wife was too childish for his love, she mourned the downfall of an idol; I, only that it passed' into another's keeping. To me, my god i w as goa EUll. . -i . , na tnen spring came, and brought this wedding-day. "Shall you co ?" asked .Mil d! "No !"j I answered, choking back tue biony pain mat would rise in my throat. "Go, Mildred ! Do you know how I hate to think of his marrying that girl? Do you know I could almost hate him, tod, only that I loved him once so dearly that I love him so madly still !" Her smile was very quiet, very sad, too, as she answered, "It seems now as if I had loved a different person. My Randolph Duhamel js dead. I shall g0 Constance." . And she went And I laid his carte de visite before me on the ta ble, and went over again every line and feature of the noble, beautiful ace, and every word and look that, during our three years of ac quaintance, he had ever given me ; and then with a passionate pride struggling against uncontollable love and yearning, I flung the pho tograph in the fire, and Wept. , . They were my last tears. ' I have never shed any since. And Mildred grew paler and more fragile ; and I knew that my sweet cousin was slowly leaving far be hind her the shadow of her short life's sorrow. And oh, the 'bitter longing with which I craved to sleep also ! Lite was. so weary, and I only twenty-two ! The prolonged wedding tour, was over, and they had come home again ; but we had never seen them. Now it began to possess me, a clam orous longing that would not go down, to look upon his face anin auu a wnu Dn wnvfi ilso.lt in J . 7 r 1 brain that must be acted out. my 1 remember how drenchinlv it rainea, now the dim lamps flared against tne misty sky, how the cold wet of the pavements struck through my thin shoes as 1 hurried, likea guilty thing, along the streets that iea to their home. I rememhpr mv loud heart beats, how. I kept weari ly counting them, and wondering strangely if they would ever be stiil again, and the faint trembling' of n:y feet, that seemed to make no progress through the slioDerv mini. and how forbiddmov nouses frowned upon my errand,and how that house his house seemed to reel, as if to fall' and crush mo And then, creeping up the lonely steps, I climbed, I know not how, over tne low balconv mil r,ri crouched fearfully against the win dow: He was there, as I had thought, and fhe ! Oh, Mildred, mydying 'Mildred. could that child love nim as Ave had done ?fc-r"- s '" It rose into sound, almost like a cry. , And then agaiu I prosed to the cold gla-s my colder lins. crav ing blessings on the sacred hetrd of my lost love, and on hers, too.siricp he loved her. And then, with a last despairing gaze, I turned hasti ly, and fled home. . But as I tried mvrmrloinpd lntAh. key with shaking" fingers, a cold 5-3 hand ws laid on mine, and a faint voice said; "Help me in, Constance! x saw ypu go out, and; inspected, and followed you. - ?Hush I it is to late loi blame ! 2ow that I have seen hinj again; I can sleep !" - And before long Mildred slept, indeed,. . . . . lief coffin was carried to the gravd; nd I wondered vaguely wmch-ict was best this, or the one she would fain have chosen ? And would Kternity tell Duhamel our secret? , A Inciter From Chief Juatlce RAijeigii, March 18th, 1878.. DEAit Sir: Your letter of th 16th itist. has been received . nn1 T thank you wncerely for iU expres , w. sions.o personal re card and confi. dencc, ivud for the interest von frel in thb coming elections for juoVes of the Supreme Court. I am not unlniormed of the movements tp lferrc4o. upon information coming Irom other sources and from the nu merous harsh utterances of a portion of thq public press. In some of the comments brought to my notice I am represented as a "fossil," an "im becile?ifrom old. age, wanting 1n manlymdependepce, or "backbone. as Hisicaiiea, and "unfit" for the uiuiw oi 5 ray present position. These'discoveries seem to have been1 very recently made, and I do not understand that they are based upon any judicial opinions deliver ed during the late term of the court.. theyfjiot being yet reported. It c.annte suPPosed that 1 am insen sible tpj. such and similar remarks, personally disparaging as they are meantito be; or that assaults on a reputation which I have all my life been sthving to build up and main tain, are not more or less annoying; and aj times it is difficult to restrain a natftraUrapulse to resent and re pel tlieni in no measured wnrd Mor6 especially is this so where the attacksr are calculated to affect m injuriously among those to whom I am unknown. Bqt i stern sense of official pro priety imposes a painful: silence -on my lips and leaves jne no alternative but '.tcM seek a defence" from the wrong in my past conduct, in pub lic and in -private station, and in that esteem and friendship of which I have Jiitherto received so many proolkfrom my brethren of the bar and o'tHers. I I cannot and will riot seek after or retain official position, however exalted it may be, by conduct which may Ickgen, iis dignity and influence, orj impair a just self-respect; nor will I -.enter into any arrangements to seprjre its possession. The office I now hold came to me, the unsoli cited; Altering of our patriotic Gov erhor.;vahd it shall pass me, untar nished.b'y any unwoithy act of my own.:f the long practice of an honorable and laborious profession, and my past life, public and private, afford.np sufficient guarantee of the integrity, imparl ialily and fsirness with jvhich, to the extent of my ability; Yfeeble it is admitted to be,) the fuoaions of a judicial office will bo dbdiarged, I am sure I hut pledge now tendered would be, and i ght to be unavailing. I shall not undertake to offer them. Rectrring to an incident in the past, J recall the time when, as a member of the House of Represen tatives, (he great distinction of be comifig;Hls presiding officer v-as within-. niy g'asp, if I would prom ise to, cjn-titute an important com mittee n the interest of a particu lar party, nd it was lest by mv rc lutal tu give the pledge. But in making's : a choice between the promptings -of ambitions and iho stern : demands of duty, I preserved my qwn sen-respect and have never regretted1 the act I am quite as readti bbw to surrender a nositior. to betUoaght worthy of which any man would be justly proud, with all its nonors and us cares, if it cannot bo otyAiried consistently . wiih my convictions of .right and duu. With thbjate Mr. Craige it was niy fortune;to bj among the last of the disfranchised citizens of the Si at a to be relieved of disabil.ties conse quent uqnuhe part we took in our late sectional struggle, devoting my time hi jthe meanwhile to the re quirements of a laborious prcfessior, . ri . 1 1 , . .... .. uumcaueu io un the vacant p'ace vuc uisiiugnis,uea cniei jus tice, s If; it shall-be demanded I can again cheerfully retire to- private life, witii a record unstained by any consciotis unworthy act. , '" Thelcomnifrndation of the virtu ous am), good, consequent upon the long course of oublic senum is thn highest reward, to which an honor- able mtitroh can aspire and mo t lo be coyeted next alter the approv ing consciousness of duty hones: ly, thoughVfIt . may bo imoerfectiv icr- formed. 1 have no complaint to make f others, and in all I have said I speak I only in vmdicatron of myself. . It is. $1 25; PER ANNUM. IN ADVANCE. NO. 17. r 1 needless ttj 3d Jmy warm acknowl edgment of) jour; fiiendly disposi tion and d ire to have coirested the manyni bsfand injarioui! re ports in circulation. But it would be uribecoml in one occap jing my position to idrawn into adiseas 8ion of the 4fbisions of the court of which I am a memberbf invoke the poDulftr. 'ipro-al of my own ac- m. ? rrt on.( jicere inonia De ready fab mission, to J je' judgements' of the court of lssdefort The jdaiciary is the pallad rri of public liberty and private igbt. n a fret goref. ment, and it f mini straUoag, guided by fairnes,') ioderation and jaitioe, cuaiienge, an snouid receive, the uiuiai upp Txoingni-minciedmea. Very t jspectfully yours, ; ! . - :Vt i V. X.;H.: Smitiu A 11 A CS TIQTOIXY. ' ' The fact t'kt Detroitera'arolonff. suffering ani .Itiod'-hearted was air.in - . i. . . .' t .eteraplied jsterday,Ona of the iycu passe; ers. on S,jYoodWSrtl avenue car j iddenlr remarked that it was an ai ful t anow ftorm,arjd that' ho nevi t aw bo mnch eaow'on the ground ! iifore. ' w f "Poobl'i telaimeda little whiffet of a man in i the corner; 4 "tfus is no snow storm at all ! Why, fri : Oma ha I have i Jen forty-seven feet1 of snow on th jpound at once V j "Buried 'I pe town, didnVit?' querried'thl-iraan opposite.' ."Of coui fe-jt buried the town, but that wJall right. "We dng out the snow af left a crust, &s;a aort of sky, an4 Jn .three' days we'Vad summer wc Iherdown there.-Roea bloomed pe fch trees blossomed, and the boys - ient b swimming, he same as itf'-iilyl Int talk to mo about such forms as this T 2 3 "W-what tocame of thefcruitr' gasped . a n in at th e front.eDd of the car. ?.. "Iu hang g up there yet J"7 're plied the.nc le liar, 'nd thb 'man who doubts iny word wants to step off car for h lf a minute F- - Therethi whole dozen men : sat as mute 84 yams, not daring to wink at en f other, or.to enter & protest, "whl p the lit tie man branch ed off anew ind began teding tihat he had s; i hail-stones weighing six poundfj each. Detroit Fcea Press. S ; . ' "When a trginia gentleman ask another j! rink; be blandly aays, "Shall weV ve the public debt a lift?'' Auofiher lift. A Newark girl hastened'lhe' d parture of f ,;- lingering gentleraan rtiller-one ening bv remarking, a fhe looked!viut of the window, MI think we sh 11 have a beautiful ten. rise. i "Well, Ii 'van, Billy," said an old farmer to (-n undersized . nephew who was v. liting. him, "when yoa , take off tha 'ere ping hatfpit two or three tin? js there aint much left of you its If j J1 . Will Lisf r. a young man th , Ce dar county,- eb. was a while ago "living in c ver,". engaged to haif lozen yonnj ladies, and would have been yet if flfey hadn begun Invi ting each oier to, be -bridesmaids. That broke pLUter, and theyoung ladies went; in a body and set fire to bis bbn-juead, burning' everr ihing. s " ' ? : "Charles y dear,w said his- lor ing wife, "riought you said that the dodo bir I was extinct. ,fcSo it is, pet," h replied; "Well; 'bat Clnrley. son e one sent in a bill to you to-.day,;t nd it says, 'To one ju If p, do do -A fa three rabbet, do do to tw Jty. "bracea, . do do." Charley, pj. do , not buy any, dodoes; tt ey must be horrid things." - A rag-pic ?r"s daughter was mar ried in ewi fork' Sunday, snd the cciembny ! descriDed by the Wor:d as h bg one oi romanUo In terest. Th j brides Miss Roftria Ciardulia, b- mghtto her htmbind . dowry of f,000 in cash, which shows tliat c business of rag-pick mg is not sq tinremurative as might be supposed In reluming from the church, each! ?a-criige of guests was supplied wit a liberal quantity of pennies and! weetmeaU. wh ch wrro thrown , out in handsful to tie crowds gath; fed on the sttuet. ' An old di kty who was asked if inhisexperi pee prayer? was ever answered, rt Jied: VVell, ah, torn pra'ars is a hd an some Isn't pends opon r'at youaxes for.' Just arter de, wa' i.wen' it was mighty oviu.ui ju ue cauea breddeni 1 barved d-L.-rd to sen fat turkey t uo lioticc toe w'en I pwAy ole man fo , was -'tended wVnebber 1 pwar d ne)f 31arse Peyton's de ole man, dere was o: ue partitioM bi t dat he would sen' de Ip turkev, de ma ter -,o oei v sun TsartinF ep'.xtex" mornin Nw is Uj jlime to . tuUcribc ,'to the Lixcz. deal 1 I