MUTILATED MONEY.
HOW TO GET A TORN BANK BILL
OR A COIN "REDEEMED.
Determining: the Proportions of
Mutilated Notes by an Instrument
When Affidavits Are Required
Attempts at Dishonesty. '
. Since the exposure in September last
of the marvelously adroit manipulation
of I'nited States currency by Mrs.
Ernestine Becker, an old and trusted em
ploye in the Redemption Division of the
Treasurer's - Office, who successfully
weed United States currency so that
nine bills were made to pass for ten, the
1 1 - i
remaining om pemg appropriated, toner
own use, public attention has been more
closely drawn to the operations of re
deeming the Government currency.
- "What are vour reflations as to the '
redemption of mutilated currency or coin
an tne Treasurer's office?" a New York tuougi. -witn sincerity ana moaesi seii
World correspondent asked a Treasury appreciation, he presents h.mself to the
pfficial at Washington.
"If a person sends us a United States
note somewhat torn, but
exceeding in
size nine-tenths of its original propor
tions in one piece." he replied; "the
Government will forward the sender a
new tinted States note of the same de
nomination.as the one sent in. The pror
portion of any note present is determined
by mean3 of a glass measuring instru
ment which, is placed over the bills to be
measured. This piece of glass is of the
same size 'as the United States bills, and
is suitably divided into squares so as to
furnish a ready means of ascertaining
what proportion of the bill is missing.
Mutilated gold certificates, silver cer
tificates and United States notes are all
redeemed at their face value if no more
than one-tenth of their proportion is
missing, while fractional currency notes
are redeemed at their face value pro
vided no more than two-tenths of their
nnavproportions are missing.. A still
cr margin is allowed in the case of
Ltional bank notes, which are replaced
' the Government at their face value if
alv three-tilths of their original pro
portions are presented, provided they
jear the name oi tne Dans Dy wnicn
fhpu arft issuea ana. tne sisrnaiure oi one
i . . A. e
r ..M-wy O w
oi us uuiv,cio. iuio wiugiu to Al
lowed because National bank bills are less
easily manipulated when pieced than
other currency on account of the names
of the banks and signatures of their offi
cers being different on bills of the several
banks.
"The sender of a
States note, cold certificate or silver
certificate of which more than one-tenth
is "missing Jrill be paid in return at the
rate of ten per cent, discount for each
one-tenth of the note which is missing.
provide! that not less than one-half of ;
the whole note is presented. JIutiliated i
I' fractional currency is redeemed in the
V same man tier, except that the discount
is made on the basis Of 20 per cent, for
each one-fifth missing. Persons whose
money has been burned or torn so that
more than one-half of the bill is missing
cannot receive anything for such frag:
inents, except by furnishing an affidavit
of their own or of some other party
having knowledge -of the facts, testify- j
jngthat the missing portions have been j
totally destroyed, in which case, if the j
affidavit is accepted, the entire face value j
M the bill will be sent thera. In order
tohae such affidavit considered satis
factory by the Department, it must state
fully the cause and manner of the
inutihatibn or ether injury, and must be
sworn to and subscribed before an officer
duly qualified to administer oaths, who
must also certify to the good character
of the aiiant. Signatures by mark must
be witnessed by two persons who can
write and must-give their places of
residence. -
'imnaptmont rRr5!i1a nvo in tliw TP.
spect allowed considerable discretion in
determining whether the affidavit is
made in good faith. We frequently
have instances where people endeavor to
dishonestly procure ..thu ' payment .of
mutilated currency, and it is not an un
common thing to find that they have re
sorted to false Swearing in order to
secure the' redemption of old or multi
gated mojiey which they send h"ere In
stances might be given almost without
number. Only a short time ago we had
a caKe where a man while frequenting a
place of evil resort became involved in a
quarrel and struggle with one of the in
mates, the result of which was that he
left with only a mutilated portion of "a
ten-dollar bill. He sent us the portion
which he had carried o ?, with an arti-
davit certifying that the remainder-had
been totally destroyed under circum
stances entirely different from the real
.ones just given. About the- some time
we received from the otherparty in the
struggle the other portion of this sums
ten-dollar bill, as was readily shown by
fitting together the two pieces. This
latter piece was also accompanied by an
affidavit, which was also false, but which
was the means of starling an investiga
tion whi'hrevealed the real facts in the
case and prevented the success of this
fraudulent eilort to procure a new bill
'by false swearing.
"Another case is that of a Mr. McClel
lan, an old horseman from Lexington,.
Ky., who while attending the races at
Ivy City lost on the racetrack half of a
fifty-dollar bill and sent tne remainder
r-v ia A a nek ttt V a f rr n 1 ri ha nhf o i n rl
r Ulll auu ocm icmiuuu
to see what could be obtained
for it. Not long afterward we received
by hand the other half of the same fifty-
dollar bill, the ownership of which was
claimed by an employe of the Bureau of
111 tU UO a VyVy TV UU V VV uv V v wwuiiH-VA
nraving and Printing. In some wav,
there might be trouble ahead and there-
upon withdrew his. claim to the owner
ship to the latter portion of the bill and
the horseman subsequentlr received the
full ace value of his mutilated bid
"If less than three -fifths of a bank note
remains, or if the signatures of the bank
officers are lacking, the Treasurer will
not redeem it. and it must be presented '
for redemption to the bank -of issue.
Fragments of less than three-iifths -are
accepted from the bank of issue by the
Treasurer for face value only when - ac -companied
by sworn aud satisfactory
evidence that the missing portions have
been totally destroyed. As a matter of
fact, National banks will not redeem
f rairments of their own notes until they
bave.forwarded them to the Treasurer at
Treasurer information
-evidence of the total destruction of the
missing portions is satisfactory to the
Department, or, in the case ot si ghtly
mutilated notes, until the Treasurer has
indicated the value ol the remaining
portiors."
"flow about coins?'1
"Persons wishing to exchange silver
for paper money must present their silver I
in sums or multiples of 20, assorted by
denominations in separate packages, on
receipt of which either the Treasurer or
any Assistant Treasurer will give them,
lawful money in "exchange; but even the
cash-room at Washington is not author -
ized to pay out paper money for silver,
unless the amount of silver presented is
$20 or some multiple thereof. Ho mu -
tilated filver coin will be redeemed, but
coin simply affected by natural wear is
not considered mutilated, nor, does in in-
Washington, wun tne cvmcuuc m elrects of intemperance, or from the exces-
case, if required, and received from thu sive use of drugs, are received at St.
'ure coin for redemption if it is stamped,
bent, twisted out of shape, or otherwise
imperfect, provided it fhesrs no material
loss of metal.. Punched or otherwise
mutilated coin can only be disposed of,
and at discount, by sending it to the
United States Mint or selling, it to
private dealers.' -'""'.'
A Masterpiece of Autobiography.
Gibbon's autobiography is one of the
literary masterpieces of the world. It
does not compete withTKousseau, but it
tells - an exceedingly interesting story,
and one that always must be interesting
to all sorts and conditions of readers.
There must be moments in every one's
life in which it is to be confessed that
the great history with which Mr. Silas
Wegg solaced the tedious hours of Mr.
Botiin is more or less interspersed with
pages of dullness, but this can be said
of no pages of the autobiography.
Gibbon makes no intense or unpleasant
self-revealings, but with a complacency
which is not unbecoming, and natural
j universe as one worthy of its stud v. He
describes his educat on and modes of
study, and dwells with no little satisfac- .
tion upon that eventful! moment when
the idea of writing the history of Home
first dawned upon him. He tells f his
services in the volunteers and of his
membership of Parliament, both of
which facts he declares gave him ao ex
perience and insight into the . ways of
the world which enabled him to write
better history. He tells of his falling in
love .with the beautiful Mile. Curehod,
the pastor's daughter,- at Lausanne, and
how his cruel father would not hear of
such a strange alliance. Gibbon was not
a man to antagonize his parent, and the
words in which he narrates the end of
the episode are well known. "After a
painful struggle I yielded to mj fate. I
sighed as a lover; I obeyed as a son."
! The beautiful young Swiss girl married
' the rich Paris banker and financier,
I Neckar, and became the mother of a
! daughter who was afterward the famous
I Mme. de.Stael. Chicago Herald.
A. Burglar Insurance Company.
The committee on insurance have
heard the petition of the Hartford (Conn.)
Uurglary Insurance Company for incor
poration, with a capital stock of $100,-
uOO. It is proposed to issue policies
and to remunerate parties in case of loss
by burglary. The company proposes to
proceed with extreme care, and to con
duct business at first only in the large
i cities where police protection is presuma
mutilated United ! hlv adeouate. It proposes to insure es-
iallv iewelrv. silverware, etc.. in
lirst:class dwellings and stores. It -is the
belief of the incorporators that there is
an extended field for this kind of in
surance, and operations will be extended
if the experiment proves successful. The
capital stock will be $100,000, and it has
been placed intentionally at this moder
atft nmoimt because the company stands
; in no danger of enormous disaster, as is
: the case in fire insurance. The incor
I porators all live in Hartford, and a ma
! jority of the directors of the company
i will live here. A majority of the capital
i stock' has already been taken up. Hart'
''ford Co u rant.
Disease in the Docks.
Sanitary Inspector Morriss's report to
Mayor Grant on the sanitary condition
of the wharves and docks is an interest
ing document. It discloses a very bad
state of affairs. Many of the sewers now
empty into' the slips arid, as the project
ing pier heads prevent these from being
cleaned out, the result is tne accumula
tion of refuse and impurities along the
river front. These are said to be' the
source of : slow malaria poisoning that
gradually . undermines the most robust
constitution. It is self-evident that the
enormous deposit of sewerage, largely
from. factories and breweries, in the
docks must be unhealthy.
All the sewers should be carried out to
the.deep water, where the steady current
at the pier head3 would wash the refuse
away. The' rotten and poison-filled
timbers of the old piers should also be
rot tid of. The old piers are a disgrace
to a great commercial metropolis like
this, and it is time to remedy th's state
of affairs. Ne;r York Jseicif.
Doles of Fish.
9
j Doles pf fish are very numerous. John
j Thake, in his will, drawn up in 1j:J7,
! left his house and land on condition that
j his heirs, annually on Friday, in the
j first week in Lent, gave to the poor of
'Clavering, in Essex, one barrel of white
herrings and a cade of red herrings. At
J Dron field, rer'ivsh'ie, in 1577, Ilichard
.Stevenson left half a hundred of her
;, rings, and a? much bread as could be
made from a "strike1' of good wheat.
! The. doles were to be distributed' every.
; Friday during 1 eut forever. At Farn-
ham Koyal, buckinghamshire, iu ':,
i I avid. Slater gave money 'to purchase
bread ao3 herrings and a pax of kid
; gloves annually for the p:iroiv of the
parish for the time being. The gloves
were to be purchased ready for the first
i Sunday in . J eat. At JScwimrket in
l bultolk there was a be juest of fish and
fagots.
The Pretended Corpse of Pizarro.
A wooden coffin has been di3r.nvprfid
.. . ,
1 ln. tue ?f parish church of
T " . , . -
i opainy Dearing tne tollowmg
j strage inscription: "Herein lies the
! pretended corpse of Francisco Pizarro."
u 18 needless to say that the coffin was
"ffeny opened, notwithstanding the
,1: !
ii was iouna to contain a
C0.rPse which had been carefully "mum-
mitied," and which was clothed in a
or3rmentof violet cloth. The countenance
is sa'd to be remarkably like the portriits
of Pizarro and it has a pointed beard
hke his- 0ne of the hfinds was detacbed
and laJ Dear the body, while the other
hand leposed upon the breast. .Neither
iewels nor a sword was found in the
co i n. Chicago Herall. .
Qne T Loudon Advertisements.
The following advertisements, takei
from a recent issue of the London Titiies,
illustrates some curious phrases of Eng
lish. life:
Unrulv girl "Wanted, a high-e'ass school,
where the rod is used. Address, R. B., May's
: Advertising Offices, 1(53 Piccadilly. .
Intemperance ladies suffenne from the
dred patients have been under treatment.
For admission apply to the secretary.
Domesticated lady Middle-aged, requires
engagement as matron in school, worker in
home, lady help, or any position of Useful
ness. Salary moderate. H., Newark House,
Hemps ted, . Gloucester. ?
An Amphibious Spinster.
.There is a maiden lady in a city not
far from Elberton who is so constituted
that she cannot live out of water but a
short while at a time. After remaining
away from a bath tub for a couple of
hours she commences to faint and almost
' sui.ocates, and to procure relief must at
once cover her entire body in cold water,
She has in her room a pool of f i eh water,
. and in this she spends a greater part of
her time, both winter and ! summer,
' Otherwise her health is very good.
, Savannah Ifeus.
as to whether the itapnaei s wooasiae, croyaon. iwo nun-
THE PRESIDENTS.
r
1109I GEORGE'
TO BENJAMIN
WASHINGTON
-HARRISON.
Comparisons of thef Nation's Chier
Executives Their Appearance
and Private Carfeers A Ma- -
Joritv Military Menu
General Harrison, o
the day he be-
came President, was
nlty-nve , years,
seven months and f
irteen days old,
about a year less than
the average age of
Inaugurated. The
his predecessors when
grandfather of Mr. H
prison was the old-
est of the President
; naviug entf rea
office in his sixty-
upon the duties of th
eighth year. Genera!
Jackson., when he
began his second te
rm, lacked eleven
aaysiof being i sixiy-sjix - tears old. and
Buchanan was only mve- days younger
than this when inausnrated. The first
y lor and ohnson,
were all older than JBfenamin Harrison
when inaugurated. Gieneral Grant was
the youngest - President inaugurated,
being under forty-severi; Mr. Cleveland
next, not quite forty-eig;ht; Pierce forty
eight, Fiimore forty-jiine, Polk and
Garfield each fifty, Tyleand Arthur each
fifty -one, Lincoln fifty-tyo, Van Buren
and II ay e3 each fifty -foil-. 1
Twelve JPreBidents were lawyers only.
Garfield had the most varied occupation ;
he was a teacher, preachi r, lawyer and
soldier before becoming a statesman.
John Quincy Adams w3 professor of
rhetoric in Harvard College, besides hav
ing been a lawyer ana a statesman.
Jackson was taught the alphabet in a
log schoolhouse, and wa3 a lawyer,
planter and isoldier. Afrhur was a
teacher and lawyer before M.e presided
over the United . States SenatV Of the
other soldier Presidents, Hayys, Pierce,
Monroe and iBenjamin Harrison weie
lawyers, Granj; a tanner, William Henry
Harrison a physician and Washington a
surveyor. Taylor was a soldier and a
soldier only, by profession and occupa
tion. I
If we include President Lincoln, who
was a militia captain for a short time in-
the Black Hawk War under General
Taylor, we shall find that a majority .f
our Presidents! have been military men.
Of theso General Grnt doubtless has had
the most extensive fighting experience
and received the greatest number ot pro
motions. He j rose from Lieutenant to
General. Monroe had risen from cadet
to Colonel whk he wus wounded in the
shoulder at
Jackson, Wil
Taylor were
Trenton. Washington,
liam Henry Harrison and
iMaior-Generals: Garfield
was a Major-General and Hayes a Brigadier-General
if-, Volunteers; Pierce was
a Brigadier-General, and the Piesident
tlect llrigadier-Generatof Volunteers by
brevet. Arthur was Quartermaster
General on thb staff of the Governor of
New York. I -
Hayes was founded four times in bat
tle, Jackson also received four wound3,
though none of them in battle. When.
captu-ed by the British, wh.le a mere
boy, he received two severe sabre cats,
one on the hand and the other on the
head, for refusing to black an officer's
boots. In his second duel he was
slightly wounded in the breast aud then
deliberately killed his antagonist, Dick
enson. His fourth wound, which wai
the most severe, when two balls and a
slug were planted in - his 'shoulder, was
received in a fow with Colonel Benton,
at .Nashville, (jleneral W.H. Harrison was
slightly wounded in the thigh at the
battle of Tippecanoe. General Pierre
was accidentally injured in battle by be
ing thrown .from his horse in the ad
vance on the (City of Mexico.
A majority of the Presidents rose step
by step, almost continuously, to that high,
office. Some met with serious reverses,
however. Lincoln was defeated for
United States Senator by Douglas, pre
vious to being nominated lor the Presi
dency. Polk wa3 defeated twice for
Governor of Tennessee before he became
President, and the President-elect hud
been previously defeated for Gov
ernor of Indiana. 2'o candidate ever
met with a more surprising UL-feat than (
did Andrew jackson, when, afier ,re-,
celving the highest number of electoral ;
votes for the Presidency, he. was deieated
in the House of Represati cs by ;bha !
Quincy Adams; and . no ma".', re. haps,
ever exhibited more of that determina
tion which achieves success than did
Jackson afterward.
The highestl per cent, of tlie e'cctoral
vote received by any President w;is lhat
of Monroe inj his second candidacy,
DS,.2!); and Washington for his second
terra ranks next, having received 1)7.77
per cent. This' lowest per cent, of the
electoral vote received by any succccss
ful candidate ft-as that of John Quincy
Adams, uil, while Jackson, the de
feated candidate, received OS. IU' per
cent. of the electoral vote.
The tallest i resident was Washington,
whose stature was six feet lour inches,
and the shortest. James Madison, who
was .not above five and one-half feet in
height. Jefferson, Monroe, Jackson',
Tver, Lincoln, Garfield and Arthur
"svVe ?!! ?!x fct or over. John Adams,
his son John Quincy, aud ' Ceneral
Taylor, are each said to have bee i five
feet eight incjies, the same height as
Benjamin Harrison. As regards weightj
Jackson, ihough six feet and one inch
in height, was jprobably the lightest in
avoirdupois, asl he only turned the scale
at 145 pounds. Cleveland, when in
augurated, is said to have weighed 24Q
uounds. but lhas probably increased
somewhat since '
All of the Presidents, with two excep-
tions, from Washington to Lincoln, had
customarily smooth shaven faces. The
exceptions were John Quincy Adams
and 'an Buren, who wore high side
whiskers. Fresident Johnson wai usu
ally smooth shaven also. Mr. Lincoln
wore chin and side whiskers. President
Harrison follows the example of General
Grant, Hayes and Garfield in wearing a
mustache and full beard. President
Arthur's mustaihe and whiskers will be
remembered, and Mr. Cleveland is the
orly President who has worn a mustache
simply.
Mr. Harrison's eyes are blue, agree
ing in this respect with a majority of
the Executive eyes. Mr. Cleveland's
are brown, as were also Arthur's, and
among the dark eyes were those of Mr.
Harrison's grandfather. The darkest
eyes were those of President Pierce
which were intensely black, as was also
his, hair. A riumber of , other Presi
dents, it will be remembered, have had
dark Hair, though in a large majority of
cases it was eit ier gray or became gray
while in the Executive chair. Jefferson
had red hair, which changed to silver
white in color. :
The Presidents, as a rule, have dressed
with uniform propriety. General Tay
lor may be regarded as an exception, as
he preferred a ("fatigue" suit era dress
suit very much too" large for him in
order to be "comfortable." 1
Ail oi tne t-resiaeats nave been mar
ried men except Buchanan. William
Henry Harrison had the largest family.
ten children, nine of whom reached
adult age.
is one oi tne residents were rich, as
wealth is now rated none of them mil
lionaires. President Harrison is said to
: : 7 T
be . worth about $25,000. ) . Garfield,
Grant, Lincoln, Johnson, Pierte, Taylor,
Polk, .the fenior President Harrison,
Jackson' and Monroe were none of them
probably wealthier than this when they
entered upon the duties of the Execu
tive. Washington Jefferson, J ohn
Quincy Adams, Van Buren, Tyler and
Buchanan were severally worth. $200,
000. Hayes and Cleveland are said to
be in comfortable if not affluent circum
stances. Mr. Arthur left an estate worth
$150,000. New York Tribune.
Georsre Washington Eefossd.
George Washington was once a re
jected lover. The fact, is testified to by
his own hand in a letter given to the
world a few.years ago by General Fitz
hugh Lee. General Lee, writing to the
editor of a Virginia paper about the
matter, said : I
"At the request of many persons I
send you, and thus permit the j publica
tion of the enclosed letter. It is, as you
see, from General Washington,' written
over one hundred and twenty years ago,
and is addressed to 'Wm. Fautleroy, Sr.,
in Richmond,- the brother of 'Miss
Betsy,' referred to so tenderly. I think
it reveals an affair de coeur on the part
of the 'father of his country' (for it is
not said he was the father of anything"
or anybody else) not heretofore; known.
Washington, at the time this letter was
written, was some twenty years and
three months bid, and is represented by
all historians and biographers a? a quiet,
dignified, bashful, and reticent young
man; but. alas ! it seems in that, a3 in
this day, those particular kind of young
men always did the most courting."
Washington's letter enclosed !is as fol
lows: I ; - i - '. '
Sir: I should have been down long before
this, but mv business in Frederick detained
me somewhat longer than 1 expected, and
immediately upon my return frorii thence I
was taken with a violent pleurisis, which
has reduced me very low; but purpose, as
soon as I gain my strength, to wait on Miss
Betsy, in bopes of a revocation of the former
cruel sentence, and see if I can meet with
any alteration in my favor. I have en
closed a letter to her, which 1 should be ob
liged to you for the delivery ; of it. I have
nothing to add but my best respects to your
good lady and family, and that I am, sir.
Your most ob't humble serv't,
I G. Washington-.
Peculiarities of Coroners'' Juries.
A coroner's jury in the back woods oi
3Iissouri heard all the evidence in the
case of a man killed by a runaway team,
and brought in the following verdict:
"The jury finds the dead deceased to
have come to his death at the hands of a
runaway team, the horses thereof, being
blameless, they being frightened by a
"dog." ". - - ' '
It is told of an old German that he sat
stolidly and stupidly on a coroner's jury
and listened to all the evidence, after
which he walked over toward the' corpse
with some degree of curiosity. I Lifting
the cloth he started back, turned to the
other jurymen in amazement and
affright, and cried out: "Shehtlemen,
dot man ish dead!" .
A .,ury in a Missouri rural community
deliberated 1 three hours over the corpse
of a woman burned by' the explosion of
a kerosene lamp. The following verdict
was then announced in writing: 'Re
solved that the deceased was burnt to
deth. The .pory." - I
A man, supposed to be a tramp, was
found dead in the woods out West. A
jury inquired into the cause of his death
and reported as follows: "The jury does
not find that the dead man has been
foully dealt with, and is of thejopinjon
that he died simply because his time had
come and there wa3 no getting out of it."
Norel Cure for Corns. '
"You are troubled with corns, are
you?" said a Pittsburger to one of his
triends who walked with a peculiar,
limping gait. ; "Well, everybody has a
remedy for th,em, but the trouble with
most of the remedies is that theyj are no
good without faith, and the man afflicted
with corns generally considers his cfese
hopeless. But I can tell you of a cure
that is simple and effectual. Soak the
afflicted portion of your feet for a con
siderable time every night the longer
the better in crude' petroleum, then
saturate a cloth with the ' same stuff,
wrap it around your toe, put your stock
ing on and go to bed. A few nights of
tti9 treatment will cause the corn to dis
appear. I first heard of this i remedy
when I was living in the oil region, and
of course I laughed at it. But
a little
worked
I inquiry among the men who
about the tanks and wells convin?ed me
j that they believed in it. They said they
! were never troubled with corns,! and as
! sured me that the freo,u2;;t wetting of
i. their shoes iu the oil a thing they can
; not avoid in their occupation had the
: elTect of driving all these troublesome
excrescences away. Try it and it will
cure you.'1'1 Pitt sourg Dispatch.
i Prescience of the President's Wife.
! YoUng Russell Harrison says : "Mother
has always had an idea, as long as I can
remember," said the young man, "that
r father would some day be President of
the United States. When he was de
1 feated for re-election to the Senate she
J cheered him up and told him his chances
foi'-gcltiug the Presidential nomination
were better out of the Senate than in it,
and mother had an idea, too, that father
would be nominated here by this con
vention. Father was never sanguine,
but mother stuck .to it, though we all
feared the Gresham movement would
kill father's chances. When at last the
nomination was made I don't think
mother was surprised a bit, and she told
father he ne
dn't concern himself about
' the election At all, as he would go to the
j White Hou e just as sure as he lived,
Mother didn't pretend to know anything
about politics, but she would hot give
tip her idea that father would be Presi
dent some day. So you see she knew
more about it than most of the poli
ticians." New Oileins Picayune.
A Mountain of Iron.
No et ling, of the Geological Sur
vey of India, in a recent report on mag
netic rock among the SShan Hills of Upper
Burmah, describes a mountain or ..hill at
Singaung which "consists of a huge mass
of iron ore." Having, he says, noticed
on the way numerous pieces or iron ore,
which became more frequent on the
southern sicbp of the hill,, he examined
the latter in several directions. He
found the surface everywhere covered
with large blocks of iron ore, originating
evidently from superficial decomposition
of lower beds. He concluded that the
whole hill consisted of a large mass of
iron ore. He estimates that the hill
covers at least an atfea of about a! square
mile, and that itises about 200 feet
above the level of the Twiunge ! valley.
The ore is hematite peroxide of iron.
! -'
Jnbilant Toung America.
A naturalized citizen of English -birth
was asked by a friend how he liked the
birthday of the father of his adopted conn
try. In return he told this story ; "The day
before the Fourth of July last year the
teacher to whom my boy goes to school
explained to her class why the day was
celebrated, giving full particulars. The
next morning the boy, who was born in
this country, said to'me: EadJ this ii
the day
Tribune,
we ' licked you.
-Neva
Tori
i
WOMAN'S WOULD.
PLEASANT -XITER ATTJRI5 FOR
FKMININE KEADERa ... ,
J The Best Angel of All. ; '
From the portals of Eden forth banished, our
mother, .- . - ;
Poor Eve, looking back where the lurid
sword shone.
Had doubtless a heartache so bitter no other
. In all the world's annals such sorrow had
known. - "
And yet, had she dreamed that what seemed
sa distressing
, Had comfort beneath it, and ease for the
pain, , .
I fancy, the tears at their fountain re
pressinsr, !
She bad uttered thanksgiving at blessing
for bane.
In the moment when Eden was barred from
their vision, .
To Adam and Eve came & visitant high.
With the light on bis brow of a beauty
Elyrian, . ' , : ' .
The grace in his port of a guest from tbe
' . sky,. . -!:..-: . - --.
And a hand in their hands laid he lightly,
and strong
Was the voice of his greeting, compelling
and glad," - '
Till the pulse of their being upleaped like a
ong, --:- -
And straight they forgot to be fearful and
: . . sad.. . .: ,i .-. ' . '
Oh daughter - of Eve, would you know that
' divinest, ;
. That holiest comforter after the fall,
rhat seraph whose mission forever is finest,
y'be one, 'mid all aneels,best angel of all?
Not Peace, and not Faith, and not Love, and
not Pardon .
The angel we call when the mists gather
-. mirk: ., . ,
Nay, heaven itself stoops this angel to
guerdon:
His name let me whisper "the Angel of
Work." V ,.-
-Margaret EJ-Sangstert in Bazar.
A School of Housewifery.,
Mrs. Logan, widow of General John
A. Logan, is looking into a scheme
which she will put into execution when
she returns to this country. In Germany
there is a custom which sends girls, after
they have finished school, to live a year
in the household of some" noted house
wife, who teaches them all the accom
plishments which it'is . held fitting a
hausemutter should acquire. This is
the system Mrs. Logan is making, a
study, and her idea is to found just such a
home in this country, where girls can takt
a post-graduatejeourse of a year learning
all these important accomplishments. ;
Neio York Graphic. " -
Queen Victoria's Hoop Skirts. '
The following anecdote is told to illus
trate the readiness with which Parisian
fashion are adopted, even by the most
rigidly patriotic of princesses: "At the
epoch of the arrival of Queen Victoria
in Paris, in 1856, on a visit to" the J-.m-peror
and Empress, the latter had just
brought hooped-skirts into vogue.. The
Queen forthwith sent off a messenger to
purchase one for her, and on her next
approach before her imperial host and
hostess her skirts "were . expanded into
the new and fashionable amplitude.' But
her Majesty had not comprehended the
necessary methods of tying the tapes
that held the hoops in place, and her
crinoline presented an extraordinary and
shapeless - aspect. It was the Emperor
himself, who, with his own imperial
hands, set the rebellions petticoats to
rights, and gave to hi -royal guest a
lesson as to the proper method of don
ning the new-fashioned adjunct of femi
nine costume."
K Veils Injurious to the Eyes. ,
"Well, one woman has come out, I see
against our wearing veils," said one of a
trio of shoppers on Sixth avenue. '
"Who is she?" queried one.
"She is Di Grace Pe-jkham, and she is
a specialist in diseases of the eyes, I be
lieve." ; - " .
- "A veil protects 'Che hair aud keeps it
well arranged," "chimed in the third,
"and -it protects my forehead and wards
off neuralgia, and it never did my eyes
any harm. Everybody wears Hading
veils nowadays, andJL shall wear a veil
for one."
"Yes, of course, as long as it's fash
ionable we will wear thetnJ, but do you
know the Hading is worse than any
other. It's heavier, and it's fe'dom raised
from the time it's put on till it's re
moved, because it's fastened around the
neck. 4 My doctor vas speaking to me
about it the last time I saw h m. He
3aid it was injurious to the mechanical
seeing apparatus, since a constant ad
justing of muscles and lenses is ie.juired,
and a striving to obtain a clear lmngefor
the retina. It is extremely weaiing to
the brain, which, has a great deal to do
with touching up and finishing o x the
picture which falls uon the vision, and
in making the mental image a perfect
i one, co matter whit the external one
niay be. Ve Is of dotted lace and daz-r
zling white illusion may give rise in a
few weeks to an irritable condition of
the eyes that years will not remove.
New York Star.
Why an Engagement "Was Broken.
The North Side romance of Sir. Beb
ber, the shoe clerk, and Miss Temple,
which began with the fitting of a shoe
and ended in a runaway match to C ali
fornia, bade fair to have.its counterpart
on tht South Side. A Wabash shoe
clerk, who is ozc cf the e,:te of h s pro
fession, and a Khodes a.cnue girl had
advanced through the ii i.ial stages of
courtship to an engagement. "
Yesterday, while dcr tovf, she
dropped "bu$ the ?he ?v3 en
trance of a customer ft few mon enislatcr
drew the clerk front licrr ti-L', and h
amused herself by looking oVwT some new
samples of evening slippers. . ,
"I called only to see you," she sa'd on
his return, "but how that I have seen
them I must have these,: tapping with
her fingers the dainties. No. -
"Let's see if they'll fit," he said,
though he knew they would.
the had not come prepared to expose
her foot for a fit, but there was no rea
sonable excuse for refusing, and she sub
mitted with a demurring little smile.
Out of its shoe came the shapely right
foot, cased in a black silk hosa. She
set it down at once on the white rusr;
but the quick movement was lost at the
moment on the lover.
The fitting began. Presently he drew
his hand sharply from the bottom of her
foot. A drop of blood welled from the
tip of his second finger. The awful
truth was revealed to him. Without
looking up he quickly finished the fit
ting, boxed the slippers; and was re
lieved by the advent of several custom
ers. A couple of hours after reaching
home the fiancee received this by mes
senger: f -
aiiss : You will no doubt be sur
prised at a note so soon after oar meeting,
and one opening in such a formal manner.
Bat I believe tbe situation calls for un
equivocal action from me, ani at once. In
tilting your slipper (it seems an age rather
than barely an hour ago, such has been my
agony since tbe revelation), my hand was
pricked by a pin in your stocking under the
toes (excuse my directness, but frankness is
necessary in a matter like this). I could
have pardoned a hole in the toe of your
stocking, but a hole deliberately folded un
der and pinned down indicates characteris
tics from which the woman 1 would make
my wife must be free. After this note our
engagement is, of course, at an end. As you
will not care to wear longer the ring I gave
you, I suggest that you sell it and invest the
proceeds in a complete darning outfit.
. "Feasts C."
It was through the fainting of the
horror-stricken girl, and the confusion
incident to ner resuscitation, that the
story got out- Chicago Tribune.
Colored Shoes "all the Rage.
Fo full dress toilets the shejejor slip
per must match the glove in color, and
the hose takes it hue from the clove as
well, since it most be, of the same color
as the slipper. It, is quite as correct
now to ask a lady what color she - will
have in shoes as in a bonnet, for colored
shoes will be worn soon in the street as
well as in the house: and in the shoe
stores, where styles are not only retailed,
out created, a little - bunch of sample
colors m undressed kid are given to a
customer to select from. In these
samples there are seven shades of brown,
which is to be the stylish color for the
street in boots and half shoes, five shades
of gray, which is an extremely popular
color for the house, and will also be
worn in the afreet with patent-leather
vamps, but only with yery dressy toilets,
dark red, blue and green, the latter be-
5 m - m m a m -
ing seen on tops : oi street doois ana
every shade and tint that an evening,
dress can be fashioned in. For a com.
bination dress of pink and blue the
Upper is sometimes made of pink, with
jno. vgros gram riobon in blue strapped
across the toe in the form of a V.'the
space between the strips being equal to
the width of the ribbon.
Very pretty brides shoes are made of
white undressed kid with stripes of sil
ver braid across the toe, and black even
ing slippers are braided the same way in
gold. A very stylish low shoe of suede
colored kid has the toe strapped with
black, and a dark red slipper has straps
of dull green ribbon.
The most, popular walking shoe for
ladies will be of russet morocco or seal
skin, with a brown heel and fancy per
forated tip. The toe is extremely
pointed, as are those of all the new shoes,
and it is laced with seal brown ribbons,
which should be matched in color with
silk hose. The revival of French fash
ions in dresses revolutionizes the shape
and decoration of shoes and slippers,
though the change is more marked in the
latter. The old-fashioned pointed and
fat toes are used, which necessitate the
wearing of a shoe half a size longer than
usual. These slippers are made of un
dressed kid, satin, patent leather and
sealskin. Both large and small buckles
are used, a very Frenchy slipper having
a strap across the toe, fastened with a
small silver buckle a little on one side.
Very handsome house slippers are
made in this style of quilted satin in
bright colors, with the silver buckle on
one side. ' The buckles are of solid silver,'
handsomely etched or in fine hammered
designs, sometimes set with shine stones,
those in the shoe stores rarely exceeding
$10 or $15 in price, but ladies have them
made to order in elaborate and beautiful
designs, generously jeweled. One of
the prettiest pairs of slippers made this
season Were of black, satin with a dia
mond initial set as a buckle on each toe.
: Ladies pay fancy prices for these
peculiar and unique designs, $10 and $12
frequently being spent for slippers, and
even $25 being given in exchange for a
single pair of shoes. Shoes have more
pointed toes and higher heels, and will
be very much worn in colors or with
dark vamps and colored tops. Brides'
shoes are of white satin and white un
dressed kid. New York Sun,
Fashion Xotes.
j
Paris.has the watch craze.'
Coat-sleeves prevail in thick fabrics. ...
The finest of spring mantles are lined
with wate-ed silk. .
Gauze edges to very thick repped rib
bons are new, and wonderfully pretty. .
Wraps, whether mantle or pelerine,
will be very small, and immensely varied.
Paris predicts a season of thin stuffs,"
among which silk mull is likely to be a
favorite.
Slippers or low shoes with big rosettes
or Louis XIV. bows on the instep are de
rigeur for evening wear.
Breton lace is 'again worn by London
ladies, although the effort to make it
popular seems to be fruitless.
The novelty " in velvet dresses this
season is the combination of two velvets
of contrasting color in a single gown.-
Simple evening gowns for very young
girls are made with baby- waists, puffed
short sleeves, a sash and full straight
skirts. ,
A gTeat many Paris dresses are now
made witb. the skirt at the back fasten
ing over upon the bodice, under a broad,
flat bow. ; ,
'Clusters of small ostrich tips, sprinkfed
with silver, are used to trim tulle and
gauze dresses,
fabric in color.
and should match the
Jet, silver and crystal beads are some
times used in the same piece oi embroid
ery, and silver and gold beads are used
upon light grounds. 1
Pretty and inexpensive evening dresses
for yoiilg brunettes are madj? of pale
yellow India silk, with garnitures of the
palest purple violets. .
Evening gowns are no wv made up, in
milk white a color which is considered
more stylish than the cream color pre
vailing' some weeks ago.
Painty fans are made of quill feathers,
white or colored, and hand-rtaintprL
I The mounts are of ivory, and a bow of
! ribbon finishes the handle.
The violin gown is pretty, simple and
' very much worn. It consists of an ac
1 cordion-plaited sii rt. j full or tucked
I waist, finirhed by a broad sash, with nigh
pnneu sieeves.
Quite a new arrangement for the boa
is to p'.n one end to the dress front, draw
it around the neck and carry it down to
the leftside of the waist quite under the
arm. Pin here again and let this one
end hang." '
Fatent leather has been largely sup-'
planted by the kid and satin shoes. This
is hardly a cause for grief, as the con
stant contraction and expansion of the
varnish by heat and cold rendered them
disagreeable' for constant wear.
The new mousselines de soie are the
filmiest, gauziest tissues imaginable,
with zigzag lines and figures in stripes
in broche on them, looking as if sus
pended on rose, blue, mauve, green . and
amber tinted mists rather than woven
stuffs. . ' t-
Fans, or rather the originality of their,
makers, have relaxed sadly of late.' The
same lace, gauzes and ribbons are used
again and again with the fewest varia
tions. Shaded ostrich feathers cannot
be called new, but seem to turn the scale
in the balance of popularity.
The new printed and plain sateens
and India silks come in pure - positive
tones of color as well as in the medium
and so-called artistic shades. The figures
are rather large than small, and show
more imagination than the realistic and
conventional designs that have been
popular for the last several seasons.
In addition to the long pile, Hght col
ored and dark furs worn as trimmings
and sets this season, there is a rage for
woven feather bands simulating fur in
all shades of light and dark colors, but
particularly the drab and beige or natu
ral ostrich shades that are used to trim
wraps, house gowns and street suits.
T70RBS OP T7ISD02
. Safe bind, safe find. - .
. Honor is better than wealth.
The biggest calf makes not t
est veaL
Kever haggle about the basket
get the fruit.
He that saveth his , dinner will have
the more supper. , . - , '-."-
There is winter enough for the snipe
and woodcock too. .
: Correction- of error is' the plainest
proof of energy and mastery, v
Poverty is not a sin, but it is twice as
bad in the opinion of the world. : . 4S
Measure not men by Sundays, without
regarding what they do all the week
alter.
"Faithful are the wounds of a friend."
and there are none more punctiliously.
given. v
True crenins lurketh . under cover.
while arrogance stalks abroad in the full
light of day. i
. The wisest fish long escapes the most:
dangerous hooks and is finally caught
with a bent-up pin. ' ". I
Life consists in the alternate nrocess of
learning and unlearning; bufit is of tea
wiser to unlearn than to learn.
Conviction is in itself a nower. The
man who is sure of what he says gives as
surance to those who hear him.
Four things come not back the
spoken word, the sped "arrow, the past
life, the neglected opportunity.
Life is a casket not nrecious in itself!
but valuable in proportion to what for
tune, or' industry, or virtue has placed
within it. '
Sympathy for the coor is all risht as
far as it goes, but sympathy don't count
like greenbacks when it comes to cloth
ing -the uufortunates and filling their
larders. j
The Kauri Gum
H. P. Barber says in the New York
Star that the kauri eum makes up
more than two-fifths of the commercial
products of New Zealand. The kauri
gum is used in the making of varnish,
and enters into the composition of four
fifths of all that is made in the United
States. It is found only in New Zea
land, north of Auckland, and is a de
posit from trees which disappeared con-
turies ago, probably througa some con
vulsion of nature. About eight thousand
men, all, with few exceptions, white, are
employed in gathering it. They are
scattered over the country, some of them
as far as 250 miles from Auckland. The
gum U below the surface and is discor
ered by prodding the, earth witli a steel
pointed spear. An expert can tell the
instant he strikes a deposit by the resist
ance. When he discovers it he camps
and commences to dig. ' "' : -
lhe field is frequently twenty miles
from a settlement, but tne storekeepers
send pack horses with supplies weekly or
semi-weekly, and take back gum. A
horse can carry 200 pounds of the pro
duct. The gum when taken from the
ground is covered with an earthy crust.
This is washed off by the miners. The) -storekeeper,
when he gathers together
one, two, or five tons, according to his
ability to pay for it. ships it around to
Auckland, where it is sold to the packers
in bags of 150 pounds each, who assort
it according to quality. There are four
teen different qualities sent to the New
York market. Its value depends upon
the, color,-the lightest color being the'
best. The most valuable is the East
Coast gum, which sells from $215 to
$22(1 a ton. The ordinary gum, which
is four-fifths of the whole product,
brings $175 a ton.
Sending Songs by Telephone. '
The long distance telephon e, in con
nection with the phonograph, has been
employed between New York and Phila
delphia to illustrate a lecture given in,
the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, by
W. J. Hammer; of Mr. Edison's labora
tory, on the life and inventions o
Thomas A. Edison, i ; The New York as-"
sistants in the experiment were assem
bled in the operating room of the Amerir
can - Telephone and Telegraph Com
pany. ' ;
m i ri ik niKwan,. xniirnn rr c , z
St. Patrick's Cathedral, and Theodore
Hoch, the cornetist, rendered musical
selections in the operating room, whfch
were transmitted through 103 miles, of
wire, six miles of which " were under
ground, to the hall of the institute in
Philadelphia. A carbon transmitter a,nd
a chalk receiver were u6ed. The cornet
solos were transmitted clearly and dis
tinctly, and could be heard in all paits
of the halL Miss Stewart's songs could
not be heard so "well. In a second ex
same D:ece3 were Seat mree times in
succession from the same cylinder. This
"was afterward varied by receiving the
music at Philadelphia into a phonograph
connected with the telephone in the in
stitute from which it was aiterwara ren
dered to the audience.
Bv means of a telephonic circuit. the
porformersat No. 18 Cortlandt street
periment the music was sent by tele
phone from a phonograph, into which t't
was played and eusg iu this cij. The
were enabled to hear, by listening at the
telephones, their own music repeated
from the phonograph by way ot Phila
delphia. Commercial Jerti'r;' -
The "Glare" of Our White Skins. 7
Nothing is mors common than for
Euxopl iu co2bla!fl of the difficulty
tey lave in Individual?? me: i of duxk
races who to the eye of the wiifte CUa '
seem all more or less alike. The natives
of India havp apparently the same diffi
culty with white men. Some men of
the Lancashire Kegiment stationed at
Benares recently broke loose and raided
a liquor shop in a neighboring village.
Some of the culprits were so drunk . that
the authorities easily discovered them,'
but in order to spot the remainder the
regiment was paraded, and the villagers
were asked to point out the guilty men.
They absolutely failed to do so in a
single case, whereupon a native paper,
commenting on the incident, says : "Not'
a doubt of it. One of the most difficult
feats under the sun is to identify Euro
peansthey are so much alike with their
loud, glaring white color. We wonder
whether their friends and relations are at
a loss as to who's who. uLondm Globe.
The Classic Seren-Stri ifisred Lyre.
The lyre of seven strings, all ef the
same length but of different thicknesses
and tuned to tension necessary for the
'"r, v-'t,a ii u tea, is auriouteu '
to Pythagoras. The strings were named
as follows: Nete, paranete, paramese,' '
mess, Lchanos, parhypate and hypate
the names referring to Ha
the fctrings,
as nete.
Tfftr t" tn nl.nt
and
highest pitch : Darnete. n-rt tn
nete ; paramese, next to middle ; liqha
nos, forefinger string; paryphate, next
to farthest, and hypate farthest from
the player and lowest in toneTmt
how they were tuned cannot be clearly
known. At any rate the ancients pos
sessed drums, stringed and wind instru
ments, and were not wanting in th
material to produce orchestral elects. r
Timn-Democrat.
v