Newspapers / Salisbury Globe (Salisbury, N.C.) / Nov. 16, 1904, edition 1 / Page 3
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OATS IN OPEN FURROW. CHEAP SHEEP SHEDS. JUDGING CATTLE. A Scale of Point Anlhorlied br Dif ferent AnNoclatlon of Breeders. Frequent requests received at the bureau of animal industry for the scale of points in use for Judging cattle of the several breeds adapted to the dairy Lave led the bureau tio collect and pub lish as circular No. 48 the latest forms authorized by different associations of DIAOBAM OP COW, SHOWING POINTS. IL Ur-ad; 2, muzzle; 3, nostril; 4, face; 5, ey;; 6, forehead; 7, horn; 8, ear; 9fcheek; 10, throat; 11, neck; 12, withers; 13, back; 14, loins; 15, hip bone; 16, pelvic arch; 17, rump; 18, tall; 13, switch; 20, chest; 21, brisket; 22, dewlap; 23. shoulder; 24, el bow; 25, forearm; 2C, knee; 27, ankle; 28, hoof; 2J, heart girth; 30, side or barrel; 21. blly; 22. Jlank; 33, milk vein; 34. fore udder; 25, hind udder; 36, teats; 37, upper thigh; 38, stifle; 39, twist; 40, leg or gas- kin; 41, hock; 42, shank; 43, dewclaw. breeders of cattle as a convenient means of furnishing the information bo often sought. In addition to the accompanying dia gram scales of points are given for the Ayrshire, Ilrown Swiss, Devon, Dutch Belted, Guernsey, IIolstein-Friesian, Jersey, Polled Durham, Polled Jersey, Red Poll and Shorthorn breeds. SEED CORN. A Farmer Should Select and Develop Corn For Ilia Own Locality. No person can grow as good seed for the farmer as he can grow himself, And certainly when bo finds it necessa ry to purchase seed he should not have to go far from home. People say seed "runs out." They say a change of seed is necessary; they say that- they must bring in new varieties from a long dis tance in order to increase the vigor. A scientist and practical farmer, Profess or Andrew M. Soule'of the University of Tennessee, affirms that all these things are untrue. Seeds, he says, run out because they do not receive the care and attention on the average farm that the originator gave them in their process of development. . Corn has been grown on the same farm and on the same land for years and years and b.as gradually improv ed throughout 4he whole period. Not able, examples of this are found in the case of Boon County White, developed 1,,. H(. Dllnn n", T., .1 r.rx.i Early Learning, developed by J. .S Learning of Wilmington, O. ' These va rieties, through intelligent selection, have become two or the standard va rieties of the great corn belt. Professor Soule recommends the farmer to produce his own seed corn because it Is a needless expense to pur chase fresh seed every year, and when once he obtains a variety adapted to his soil and climatic conditions it wTill give a larger yield and prove more satisfac tory if he selects It so as to keep the type uniform and the quality and yield up to a certain standard. Probably it Is more important that the farmer produce his own corn seed than the seed of almost any other crop because the plant Is so susceptible to climatic influences'. Notice the differ ence between the characteristics of corn produced in the semitrepical re gions and of that growing in Minneso ta. In the tropics the stalk is enor mous. Under irrigation in Mexico of ten from three to five large erars are obtained, and -the stalks frequently reach a height of from eighteen to twenty feet. In Minnesota, on the oth er hand, the ears are small, and the stalk Is not more than from five to eight feet high. A well established va riety of river bottom corn, such as Huffman, when grown on uplands fre quently proves unsatisfactory. The studious farmer has noted that the variety of corn that does well on bis neighbor's farm may not do as well on his. He has also observed that corn brought into Tennessee from Iowa or even from Ohio does not do well the first year, though it may do better the second and third. On the other, hand. he has sometimes observed that corn brought from neighboring states and counties is an utter failure. All these things plainly teach us that the farm er should pay attention to the selec tlon and development of corn for his own locality and for his specific needs The Up to Date Way to Prevent the Winder Killing of Fall Sovrn Oats. Oats are reviving in papularity as a crop for fall sowing since a way has been found out of the difficulty of win ter killing. This the Georgia experi ment stationvhas found in the plan called "sowing in opn furrows." ' Ac cording to a recent Dress bulletin, dur ing the years 1890 to 1895 th: station found that oats sown in drills eighteen to twenty-four inches apart invariably gave a larger yield than when sown broadcast and plowed or harrowed in. But a more important discovery is the fact that when the seed are sown in open furrows and barely covered, leav ing the furrows open or unfilled, the oat plants are very much less liable to be killed by a severe freeze. The idea was conceived several years ago, and annually since the station has sown the larger portion of the fall sown area in drills eighteen to twenty-four inches apart, latterly using a fertilizer dis tributer. This sows but one row at a time, has no covering attachment, but simply opens a small furrow and sows the seed, the single wheel following in the furrow and barely covering the seed. The result is the plants come up one and a half to two inches below the general surface and the "crown" of each plant is formed and established, say, two to two and a half inches be low the general surface. The winter rains, light freezes and thaws gradual ly but only partially fill in the open furrow, and the more vital and sensi tive parts of the plant are fief t at the original depth, below the reach of even very severe freezes. With the great freeze of Feb. 8, 1890, the Vopen furrow" drilled oats received a serere test and came well out of it. Five years' further experience has fully confirmed the conclusions then reached. To the foregoing Director Redding of Georgia adds in an exchange these Items: Sixteen inches apart is jrobably the best width between the ioat furrows.- The oats may be sown in a cotton field without further preparation than the previous clean culture of the cotton. In this case two furrows may be sown in each "middle." In all cases the fur rows should be laid on a level in order to secure best results. Some seed and fertilizer drills are now made with two spouts, one, for the seed oats and one for the fertilizer, the oats being sown through the forward spout. It has not been found necessary to use the covering attachment, the loose soil falling in Immediately fol lowing the opening five inch shovel (or short scooter)? covering the oats suffi ciently. It somewhat facilitates the work of the harvester to run a -weeder or a light harrow across the furrows in March of April. From Sept. 1 to Dec. 1, three months, marks the limits of the sowing period. In extreme north . Georgia and Ala bama and perhaps the greater part of Tennessee and corresponding latitudes and elevations September is not too early. As the latitude and altitude de creases the sowing may be later and later until the last half of November may not be too late for the southern half of the gulf states. Sir. Jamlaon of Ohio Has Found a Covering of Fodder Satisfactory. Five years ago, not having straw to cover a necessary temporary stock shed, my hired man suggested that I use fodder, as it was plentiful. The frame that was used then has been covered yearly since and has been found the most satisfactory cheap shed I ever used. With the fodder of good quality and put on carefully it will come off in" the spring with very little waste by spoiling, says John M. Jami son in the National Stockman. This shed is 100 feet long. 10 feet wide and extends south from the south west corner of a barn shed. This gives both sides of the roof the same weath er exposure. The rafters on the west side rest on the top ,rail against the posts of a post and rail fence. The top of this rail is about four feet from the ground, as are the tops of posts on the other side of the shed. Nine feet is a very good distance apart for the rafters and about right when eleven foot fence rails are used toay across them for the fodder to rest on. The center posts are nine feet high and would be better if they were a foot or two higher. A whites oak pole makes an excellent post and should be six or seven inches in diameter at the butt after the bark is off. If a seven inch post auger can be used to bore the post holes about three feet deep- the posts will fit the holes closely and remain firm. On top of the post can be spiked a pole or other piece of timber for the rafters to rest on. The rafters should have notches cut in both ends to fit on top of posts and on top of rail or pole at top of shed. The cracks in fence on west side of my shed are closed by boards nailed over them to keep sheep from eating fodder set against the fence to keep out the wind. , The rails or poles used to lay the fodder on should be spiked in place. If durable timber is used the poles will last for years. Along the west side against the fence I place a course of bundle fodder, putting a bundle down and laying the top of the next bundle upon it. Laid so this course will be about three feet high. Against this I set a course of bundles, pressing the tops against and bending them over the top of the fence. vWith this done, I am ready for the first course of bun dles on the, roof on that side. This ex- IRR1GATION METHODS. Preparing Iand to Receive Water A 11 o tv For Excavating; Ditches. Interest in irrigation methxls and practices is by no means confined to the really arid regions of the west. The advantages of a controlled water sup ply are often made convincingly ap parent in humid regions. It is claimed that in regions of the heaviest average rainfall irrigation In dry years has very well repaid market gardeners and farmers. The art of irrigation in this country has naturally heretofore given more Experience With Cowpeas. Thirty-four varieties of cowpeas were planted in a Kansas neid trial. The New Era variety gave the largest yield of gain, 11.07 bushels per acre: Only a few of the varieties matured VABIFf IES OF COWPEA. 11. New Jra cowpeas; 2, Clay cowpeas; 3, WnlppoorwiU cowpeas. j seed, and as a grain producer the soy beans are preferred, to cowpeas for growing in this state.' . . Cowpeas make a ranker vine growth and are usually to be preferred to soy beans for forage production, several of the better producing varieties yielding on an average 2.5 tons of dry fodder per acre. The WhJppoorwill cowpeas, a medium early variety, is well known and most extensively grown in this state. . ' ' . r iiiniB I :)U,qil, AYegdable PreparationFor As similating theFood andBegula ting ttieStomachs andBowels of Promotes DigesUonXheerfur hess andRest.Contains neither orphine nor Mineral. ox Narcotic. miU Stxtl S-d. i hfjyrm norm Apexfecl Remedy for Constipa tion, Sour Stomach JDiarrhoea Worms .Convulsions ,Feverish ness and Loss OF SLEEP. Tac Simile Signature of NEW YORK. it til iff??; tun FODDEE COVERED SHEEP SHED. tends out over the fodder setting against the fence and holds the tops of it down on the top rail. . In bundling the fodder I use binder twine strings cut four and a half feet long, then a loop tied in one end to slip the other end through when tying the bundle. The. string should be put around a lit tle above the center of the bundle. This gives a better chance to place the bundle properly and have the string covered by the next course. When putting on the roof it is best to start all the courses at the same end. I commence each course at the north end, finishing at the south end; then, when taken ' off, commence at south end, and each bundle comes off free Tut on in this way it is oilly necessary to protect against the wind by fastening a few bundles at the south end. To cover my shed it re quires about 150 shocks of fodder cut fourteen hills square, about eight bun dles to the shock, and 1L200 for the roof. One row of bundles for the first course on my shed has always turned the wa ter after the roof settles. As my center posts are not high enough, I have to give the roof more pitch by putting fodder under each suc ceeding course, after the first. When the roof is settled the fodder is three or more feet deep on the comb. Here the prevailing winds come from the west; Lhence the top course on the east side Is put on first. Then the ' finishing course on the west side prevents the east side course from blowing off. Three men, if the fodder is conven ient, can put this roof on in a day, but- it can better be done at intervals as the fodder is ready and in good shape to handle. A HOMEMADE XiATEBAIJ FLOW. consideration to canals and reservoirs, the division and conveyance of water, than to its distribution and application to the soil. The time is coming when the most important problems connect ed with irrigation will be the needs of the plant as regards moisture, and not, as at present, those of storage and con veyance. An interesting report has re cently been made to the office of ex periment stations by Dr. Elwood Mead, the expert, which covers the matter of preparing land for irrigation and the methods of applying water. Dr. Mead gives high credit to the comparatively small number of farmers in this coun try who have devised the present methods of using water. Among methods of preparing land for irrigation the building of laterals as carried on in Colorado and Wyo ming is described as follows: In building laterals the first thing to be considered is the lay of the land ( over which the water must be made to flow. Judging the true slope of ground by the naked eye is very uncertain, for even the most experienced are of ten deceived as to whether the surface of the land rises or falls in a given di rection. Where possible every system of laterals should be laid out with an engineer's level and a contour map made of the whole area. In lieu of the services of a surveyor the Irrigator may lay out his own laterals, using one of the many types of homemade level ing devices. The average grade for field laterals should vary from one half inch to one inch per rod, depend ing upon the nature of the soil. No special devices are manufactured and put upon the market for building laterals, and farmers have been obliged to depend upon their own ingenuity. The following device was constructed to simplify the work of excavating ditches. Two steel beam plows, one with a right and the other with a left share were placed side by side and their beams riveted together. The shares of the plows were spread to give Exact copy or wrapper. GHST (A 131 llll For Infants and Children. The Kind You Have Always Bought Bears the Signature of M Use v For Over Thirty Yearsf 13) ill TMK CENTAUR COMPANY. Wt TOW OfTV. IIS a nice Acreage of United States. A preliminary report to the chief of the bureau of statistics of the depart ment of agriculture shows the total acreage of rice ln the United States this season to be about 643,400 acres, distributed as follows: . North Carolina, 1,800; South Caro lina, 33,300; Georgia, 0,000; Louisiana, SG5.100, and Texas, 234,200 acres. The rice acreage of the country has Increased 83 per cent within the last five years and Is now four times as large as it was fifteen years ago. In 1S99 Louisiana and Texas contained K.9 per cent of the total rice acreage of the country. Now these states con tain 03.1 per cent of the greatly In creased total. Wheats that have proved the most successful at the Fort Hays (Kan.) ex periment station are hard winter sorts Introduced directly from sections of Russia that are similar in climatic con ditions to western Kansas. . Echoes From the Press. According to current report, a smooth tongued creamery promoter nearly worked the farmers; of one of the -southwestern counties of Missouri to the extent of $3,800 for a plant worth at most $2,000 and ln a country with few cows and of very doubtful fitness for dairying. Go slow with the co-operative creamer. By the use of irrigation California, with much the same climate as Geor gia and Florida only drier, has been able to raise fruits so cheaply that she can ship them 3,000 miles and compete with those grown ln these states. The Americans are great banana eat ers. Every year we Import from 25, 000,000 to 30,000,000 'buncheaof this nutritious fruit, for which we pay be tween $7,000,000 and $8,000,000. Stem rot of the potato has been re ported -as very heavy the past two years in the south, the southeast, and the west Speed the plow and sow grain. School Gardens. Yonkers, N. Y., has a "school gar den," In which 240 enthusiastic boys have this year been learning to grow "truck" under the care of an experi enced gardener. There are also two smaller gardens, ln which girls are taught the art of growing flowers. So successful have these gardens been that they will be maintained on an ex tensive scale next season. J News and Notes. It appears that for some reason American canned tomatoes have not held their own this season in English markets, being crowded out by the con tinental product. The twelfth national irrigation con gress meets at El Paso, Tex., Nov. 15-18. A. W. Gifford. El Paso, is secre tary of the committee on arrange ments. The passing of the wooden farm house is predicted for the' twentieth century. Brick and cement are push ing forward rapidly. The Nut Growers association win meet on Oct. 26-28, the Creamery But ter Makers on Oct, 24-28 and the Ap ple Growers on Nov. 9-11, all at St Louis. , v w i asm i w. i fill 1 'A QiiiiiNiiC. i i i i u t n i j OUR CELEBRATED XX FULL This whiskey is absolutely pure, mil3, mellow, delicious in flavor and with an exquisite- bouquet. For household and medicinal use it is without equal. Our name and reputation are back of every bottle and we absolutely guarantee satisfaction to every buyer. We have made the following low prices to moro widely introduce our goods ; A fU cits. $2.55. 8 fall xta. $5.00 12 fall qts. S7.50 Send ns your order today. This whiskey, guaranteed full measure, packed in plain case, will be sent express prepaid to any station within the limits of the Southern or Adams express companies. Bern It bi express or money order. No goods sent CO J). A. SAMUELS GL CO. 14 Marietta St. ATLANTA, GA. HOMEMADE LATERAL PLOW, BKAR VIEW. the furrows a width of two feet on the bottom. The rear ends of the shares were rounded instead of being drawn to the usual point. Above the mold boards of the plows and riveted to them were placed the right and left mold boards of old alfalfa plows. Thte han dles bolted to the lower moldboards were spread wider than in the ordinary plow and were braced to the beams. The beams running side by side were bent apart toward the end, affording an opening wide enough to insert a 4 by 4 inch timber two feet long, which is bolted in place and on which the clevises are fastened. This plow is drawn by from four to eight horses, according to the charac ter of the ground and depth of the lat eral to be made. In one operation it turns two furrows to opposite sides of the ditch and throws them high on the bank, leaving an unusually dean bot tom about two feet in width. Many plows of different sizes, similar to this, made entirely on the farm or with the help of the Tillage blacksmith, may be seen about 'Greeley, Colo. Another homemade furrowing device Is the so callSd "A," which la drawn through an ordinary plow furrow and crowds the loose earth to th aide. MPEJD1IK URES ALL HEADACHES. The perfect remedy for Colds, Indigestion, Periodic Pains . Brain Fag, etc. Prevents Train Kausea and Bick Headache. Braces the nerves. It's Harmless. Trial bottle 10c Hege's Improved Saw Mill Is built in three sizes Light. Medium and Hea vy. Carriages 25 f t. to 60 ft. Hege's Pat. Rec tilinear Simultaneous Set-Work are recog nized as having no equal for accuracy, the great desire of all sawyers. 20 in. Dixie Planer and .Matcher with Beading Attachment. These machine are-complete with counter shaft rod bits. Are built from the very best materials throughout. Have been on the mar ket for ten years and never a machine thrown back on our hand. We Gur&.rte them to be well made, of good materials and to do good work. You can not buy a better mach ine for the price. HEACOCK-KING PAT. VARIABLE FEED WORKS Will Increase the cut of the mill 25 to SO per cent. Can be Instantly changed from slow to fan or vice versa while saw Is in the cut. .Requires no change of friction or movement of the body. Is nearly automatic in operation and Is controlled altogether by a slight pressure on the lever. For raial) mills It is wiperior to a steam-feed. Is attached to all of our mills. . - tirWrito for Our New Catalogue K. SALEM IRON WORKS, Winston-Salem, N. C. Chesapeake and Ohio Railway WORLD'S PAIR SCENIC ROUTE TO Shortest, Quickest and Best Route. Vestibuled, Electric Lighted Trains with Pullman Sleepers and Dining Cars. Through tickets from North Carolina with direct connections. Special Rates f oreason, Sixty or Fifteen Day Tickets. Fifteen day tickets from SALISBURY, N. C., $23.30. Sleeping car accommodatipns engaged upon application. Special Coach Excursions on authorized dates, tickets good for ten days at rate of $17.00. Correspondingly low rates from other stations. Special accommodations arranged for parties. Stop overs per mitted within limit at C. & O. celebrated mountain resorts. . , Use the G. & O. Route and purchase your tickets accordingly. For coach excursion dates, reservations and other information, address W. O. W ARTHEN, D. P. A., C.& O Ry., Richmond, Va. .
Salisbury Globe (Salisbury, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Nov. 16, 1904, edition 1
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