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piyy MoorMro M The SQalte Let M
it
vol. XXIII.
(TUESDAY)
WARRENTON, N. TUESDAY, APRIL 23, 1918
(FRIDAY)
Number 33
S1.50 A "YEAR
A SI5MI-WEEKLY NEWSPAPER DEVOTED TO THE INTE RESTS OF WARRENTON AND W ARREN
COUNTY
3c. A COPY
Lffh
TDTTTT
Wi Riff
0
n
in
.Food Gonservatioa
How These Two Big Problems Have
Been Met And Solved
American Genius.
By
(Third installment, "The First Year
In the War" from Literary Digest)
Building- A Thousand War-Ships '
The United States Navy is carrying
out the largest war-ship-construction
program in history, which, including
those of all types built in the past
vear, now under construction or con
tracted for, will embrace more than
a thousand vessels. A year ago there
were building or authorized 123 ves
sels, including 15 battle-ships, 6 bat
tle-cruisers, 7 scout-crusiers, 27 de- J
special class, know as the "Eagle
Class, and will be known as Eagle
No. 1, Eagle No. 2, etc.
The 110-foot submarine-chasers, of
which hundreds have been built, have
proved very seaworthy, and a number
t.re in service in European waters as
well as on our own coast. They are
adapted for work near the coast,
while the switft destroyers range far
out to at sea, convoying merchant ves
sels and transports and running down
U-boats. ,
The United States has now in ser
vice the largest battle-ship afloat,
having a displacement of 31 ,4U0 to.is.
as compared with 28,000 tons, the
largest of Germany, and 27,500 tons,
the largest British super-dreadnought
stroyers, and 61 submarines. Since
that time hundreds of submarine
chasers and other small types have
been built; a number of destroyers
hivp been completed and contracts i
hive been made for more than 900 ';known- lt is building still larger ones.
vessels.
and the battle-crusiers which have
Activities have been centered upon
the pi eduction of vessels that would
been contracted for are to be 35,000
ton's displacement and to have a
1 1 1 1 " 1 . TTT "1 1
: j;ntaiv .ff...;o v.. speea oi tnirty-nve Knots. vvorK nas
If III IllVUUllViJ M.M. Cl
minst the submarine.' Within ainot been Pushed on battle-ships the
.hoit time after this country entered Past year' but Secretary Daniels has
the war contracts were placed for asked Congress to authorize the com
every destroyer that the American Pletion of all the remainder of the
Yards with their then existing facili- vessels in the "three-year program,'
iies could build. Later the demand iand construction will go forward more
became imperative for an even larger j pidly on the battle-ships and bat
number of these speedy ships, which j tie-cruisers.
There are four times as many ships
in the service of the Navy as there
were a year ago. More than 800 ves
sels merchantmen, yachts, fishing-
utroyers and for the creation ot ex- wmz,, nu iaai mu-udu nivc
tensive new' yards. Early in October 'been, taken ovex and ...cpn.vested -into
Conf ess appropriated $350,000,000 j transports, patrol-vessels, mine-sweep-for
building destroyers and speeding j evs, submarine chasers, and the va
up construction. Work was already j rious types required. This has sup
under way on the new yards, in which I plied the need for auxilliary vessels,
keels were laid this spring. The yard j of which previously there were very
" . . . Chairman Hurley tells us
also that the Germans thought they
would prevent us from using their
vessels in American waters by crippV
ing the machinery, but American in
genuity spoiled their trick, and wren
the expenditure of $8,000,000,000 we
have succeeded in placing in our war
service and in the service of the Al
lies 112 frrst-class German and JAus
trian vessels, which represent a car
rying capacity of nearly 800,000 dead
weight tons.
Food For Ourselves And The Allies
Mr. Herbert Hoover, American, fa
mous as the chief of the Belgian re
lief long before we got into the war,
was asked by cable to London by Pres
ident Wilson in May, 1917, to come
to Washington to report on the food
conditions of the Allied countries. By
authority of the Food Control Act of
August 10, 1917, President Wilson ap
pointed him Administrator of the
United States Food Administration.
The organization of this emergency
department of war activities rapidly
expanded until at the close of our
first war-year the personnel in the
Washington offices include about one
hundred volunteers heads of depart
ments, assistants, and others and
seventeen hundred paid employees
clerks, stenographers, typists, and
others. There is an official represen
tative of the Food Administration m
each State (as well as the District of
Columbia, Alaska, Porto Rico, and
Hawaii), called Federal Food Admin
istrators, and each one has a staff in
the capital city of the State. In ad
dition, an elaborate county organiza
tion has ' been effected' in forty-one
States. Altogether, there are at pres
ent two thousand six hundred county
Food Administrators with an average
have proved the most effective weapon
against the submarine. Arrangements
were made for the enlargement of
shipyards which were building de
CAPT. EDWARD C. PRICE, JR.
luilt up in a few months, is the lar-
The 109 interned German ships,
I 1 i 1 1 i.1 1 1 J
-est destrover-building plant in ex-:wnose crews tnougnt tney nau uam
istence. New factories for building i aged them beyond repair, have all
engines and other parts for these ves
el have been erected, and the United
'tales is now building many more de-.-troyers
than any other navy posses
when the European War began.
New records in construction are be
m made. Formerly from twenty to
twenty-two months were required to
(.'mplete a destroyer. Not long ago
we was launched at the Mare Island
Navy-Yard, 66 per cent, complete, in
four months. A destroyer which was
commissioned on the West Coast fifty-
been repaired and are now in servK,
the larger ones as transports, and
others as supply-vessels. Some are
operated by the Navy and others by
the Shipping Board. The repair of
these vessels, which added more than
700,000 tons to the available tonnage
of this country, was a triumph of
American engineering and inventive
skill. The rehabilitation of the ma
chinery of these huge ships,' such as
the Vaterland, now the Leviathan, was
ill iff i h Mmm
im vi f
fir -i.
one of the most notable achievements
one vecks, after her keel was laid, re- .OI l"e DUICllu Ui s
cently made the run from a Pacific j The supply of engines for the great
Irt through the Panama Canal to an number of destroyers and other ves
Atlantic port in ten and a half day's els has presented a difficult problem,
-iMmim.. a new record for the pas- the builders being called upon to pro
Pe from the Pacific to the Atlantic, duce a far larger output than ever
Within ten days after it had been, before. But the demands have been
ed to utilize the Ford automobile j met under the direction of the Bu
WM. in Detroit, for shin-buildine. the reau of Steam Engineering, whose
veai)
of Construction and Repair I
work has also grown immensely in
H the Bureau of Steam Engineer- caring for the motive power ot tne
s a t. ,.rV nli Vioo lncroaepri pnormouslv.
llCCt, VVllll.ll "OJ -
Our Wireless The World's Greatest
iinK l-.ad completed the plans for a
I-" tVDP nf Qiihrnnnno-fi rrhrpr WfllCn
At the outbreak of war, the Navy
.embraces manv nf t.ViA fpatureso f the
leftover, and is as large as the ear-.took over the entire radio service of
t'-T oxus. tho not so larP. as the most !the country. On account of duplica-
f odern type. Twenty days after Mr. ,tion twenty-eight commercial stations
rd hnri K,r folmnh were closed. All those m existence
Mt the contract had been awarded
Mm for a considerable number of
(wse boats, the keel of the first was
were brought together in a compre
hensive system, and other stations
erected. The new stations at reari
r--c uoats, tne keel ot tne nrsi was eieucu, -i ....
N in his fartnw a n1nnt. roverinff Harbor, Hawaii, and Cavite, Phijip
fe acres is being erected for the as- pine Islands, the most powerful sta
pblin? of these vessels, and the 'tions in existence, have been complet-.
Nlder believes that when producers l ed as well as the high-power station
reached their maxifum . these at San Diego, Cal. The Atlantic
Pats can mA n at rate Coast statibns are in direct commum-
v, bUillU WUW - . -m
cation with Pearl Harbor, ana wren .
this one relay, a message can . De
!flahed from Sayville, Long Island,
nt part in this struggle before j to the Philippines. By New Year's
'ace enmoo a 4-1 v,; oCnn JWoct communication naa Deen eb-
s that tbp TT?fo cfnfai! Mow ic t.h I t.ablished with Rome. The United
lst efficient organization I have ever States r.adio system wre: xxu.
1 . . iL 1. Uni-m -rv o
Alaska in tne nortn tu tc on."i.
Canal Zone in the south.
In addition to this servivce, the
Navv furnishes radio-operators ior
P we a day. In a recent interview
'r. Ford sniA-
Navy is going to play the im
01'
. .
f!1 m action. Its men are all alert,
'e-'Gi working toward a common pur-
Uf' P.nd willinc to be on the job
o "
Introducing- the youngest Company
commanding officer of North Caro
lina and a soldier from reville to.taps
In the days when his father was Cap
tain and before he could shoulder a
gun to camp at Morehead with H. Co.
At 15 standing guard, at 17 a member
of the Company; at 21 appointed 1st
Lieutenant. Saw Border service with
the Company 1916-17, returning here
in April; mustered into, service and
appointed captain on July 24th, 1917.
A native of Warreriton; educated a?
Warrenton High School. His" record
in the service has been a splendid one
and each day it grows better as he
whips H Co. into shape ; to count
against the German hordes. At 25
he is fit and ready to go and to lead
others.
wenty-four hours a day whenever
pessary, which is quite often. That
J hat I call efficiency. I always
l0u8ht that we had one of the best
1
,ari"ations in the world, but I am
of four thousand thousand organized
workers in each State officially affil
iated with the Food Administration.
These workers include governmental
and municipal officials, such as health
officers, pure-f oor inspectors, weights
and measures inspectors, and also
many teachers, officers in women's
clubs, and so forth. The staff of each
Federal Food Administrator and each
County Administrator is organized, as
far as it may, be in general t corres
pondence, to the staff organizations
at Washington, including divisions of
conservation, distribution, cooperat
ing organizations, educational public
ity, and the like. (
A conspicuous feature of the work
of the Food Administration is the con
stant conferring by the United States
Food Administration and the Federal
Food Administrators with the repre
sentatives of different food trades and
S and proud to take off my hat
e Navy Department.
organizations, and with producers and ,
Al :aut irrpnsinp- number of consumers and distributers. Mr. Hoov-
ships To meet these needs thous-j er has held not less than two hunderd
!ric wireless operators have been and fifty of these conferences in Wash-
foj ond trained. At present there ! ington, which have been attended by 'plainly imminent
, c ono at the two principal ! leading representatives of all food in- On October 8 importers, manufac
h ols alone those at Harvard and jterests from all over the country. No .turers, stores, and distributors of six-
important requests for co-operative
work, without previous consultation
and conference with the groups most
directly interested.
As ar esult of the activities of the
Food Administration, the United
States has been able to maintain a
constant sending of the needed food
stuffs overseas, without radical disar
rangement of ordinary commercial
practises in the United States, and
without any serious hardship to the
people of the country. Altho war
prices must obtain during times of
war, not only in the warring countries
themselves, but in all neutral coun
tries having direct commercial rela
tions With the countries at war, the
United States Food Administration
has been able; to stablize the prices of
the more important staple food com
modities and to prevent profiteering
to a very large degree. It has met,
on the whole, with a wide-spread, earn
est, and most effective cooperation
from the people of the country and
has been able to effect an actual con
servation of food which, tho it can
not be exprest in exact figures, fs
none the less real." The Food Ad
ministrator has recently' estimated
that the .consumption of wheat in thu
United States is now at least fifteen
per cent, below the prewar normal.
From July 1, 1914, to March 1, 1918,
the United States exported to Europe
enough food to ration completely 60,
000,000 people, with an additional pro
tein ration for 23,000,000 more. The
total exportations of wheat and wheat
flour (in terms of wheat) to England,
France, and Italy in this period were
526,059,000 bushels, or an annual av
erage of 143,471,000 bushels. The
pork exports have amounted to 3,
000,000,000 pounds (818,335 per year,
oh the average), and the exports of
fresh beef reached 660,318,000, or an
average yearly of 180,087,000 pounas
I 'The export of dairy products has
j amounted to 604,000,000 pounds, giv
j ing a yearly . average of 164,786,000
! pounds,': and the sugar exports have
! reached y the total of 2,850,000,000.
which means a yearly average of 777,
234,000 pounds.
The whole effort of the . United
btates r ood Administration can be
-mirrJnedAj irrarrngle -senterrcer itr
is trying to help win the war by mo
bilizing the entire food-sources of
America and the patriotic cooperation
in food-control and food-saving of all
the people of the nation. There fol
lows the account of the stewardship.
. On August 14 the President, on the
recommendation of the Food Admin
istrator, authorized by executive or
der the creation of the Food Admin
istration Grain Corporation, with
capital stock of $50,000,-000. On th2
same day the Food Administration
issued an order requiring the obtain
ing of licenses by all wheat and rye
millers and elevators excepting mil
lers operating mills of a daily capaci
ty of one hundred barrels or less.
On August 30 the President an
nounced the fair price of wheat ($2.
20) which would be paid by the Gov
ernment. This price has been determ
ied by the Fair Price Committee, rep
resenting producers and consumers,
appointed by the President.
On September 4, the Food Admin
istration Grain Corporation opened its
offices for the purchase of wheat.
These erious measures affecting tne
handling of wheat and wheat-flour
thus put into force gave the control of
the wheat and wheat-flour of the coun
try into the hands of the Food Ad
ministration. As a result it has been
possible to establish and maintain a
price for flour which affords a mater
ial increase in the price obtained by
the wheat-farmer and a material de
crease in its cost to the consumer.
This has been accomplished by a radi
cal cutting out of the middleman jrol-
its.
On September 7 the second step in
the adoption of a general licensing j
system for the food-trades was taken j
by the insurance from the Food Ad
ministration of a regulation requiring
all importers, manufacturers, and re
finers of sugar, sirups, and molasses
to secure licenses.
On October 1 an arrangement with
the sugar-refiners was effected y
which they agreed to refine sugar on
a net margin between the cost of
their raw materiaa and the selling
price of the refmed product of ap
proximately 1.3 cents per pound after
trade discounts were deducted. This
arrangement stabilized the price of
all sugar consumed in -America and
sent to the Allies, and prevented the
required to secure licenses. The de-
velopement of the licensing system
was continued by regulations issutu
later as follows! November 7, manu
facturers of bakery products using
ten barrels or more of flour per week
were required to secure licenses; No
vember ,15, manufacturers, importers,
storers, and distributers of white ar
senic and insecticides containing ar
senic were required to obtain licenses
(this being made necessary by the
growing difficulty of farmers, gard
ners and orchardists in securing, suf
ficient arsenical in insecticides for the
proper production of their crops);
January 3, 1918, all importers manu
facturers, storers, and distributers of
ammonia, amfoniacal liquors, and am
monium sulfate were put undei
license.
On January 10, 1918, importers,
manufacturers, storers, and distribu
ters of feeds (for animals) and of
alimentary pastes (macaroni, spaghet
ti, etc.) ; all persons engaged in the
business of manufacturing any pro
duct derived from wheat or rye; cer
tain canners of peas, dried beans, corn,
tomatoes, salmon, and sardines who
were not included in the proclama
tion of October 8, all salt-water fisher
men engaged in the commercial dis
tribution, including catching ana se. -ing,
of salt-water fish, were required
to secure licenses. Finally, on Jan
uary 30, bakers using three barrels
and over of flour each month and roas
ters of green coffee were required to
secure licenses.
Through its Division of Distribu
tion, the Food Administration has
licensed eighteen thousand grocers, in
cluding all wholesale dealers and those
retailers doing a business of $100,000
a year and over. These merchants
1ST-LIEUT SAM M. CONNELL
BRIEF REVIEW OF
LATEST WAR NEWS
allied line tightens as
Reinforcements come
Each Day Allies Position Grows
Stronger; Germany's Masses
Are Held In Check As Allies
Fight With Backs to the Wall.
A son of Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Con
ne.i. of 'Warren Pla-ns. A W. H. S.
and A. & E. student. Joined H. Co.
at fifteen and was with the Company
on the Border. Preferring other bran
ches of the Army, he requested a dis
charge from the, home organization,
end attended the Officer's Training
Camp at Fort Oglethorpe. . Choosing
army aviation, he was ordered to Geor
gia Tech., and after spending the nec
essary time there, he was order to
Wilbert Wright Aviation Field, Day
ton, Ohio, where he was taught the
practical side of flying; on account of
severity of weather, the cadets were
ordered tp Houston, Texas, where he
passed the R. M. A. (Reserved Mili
tary Aviation) test and became a 1st
Lieut, of A. class. He is now at
Gunter Field, Lake Charles, La., driv
ing one of the high speed new v ma
chines. He is 21 years old, and is
making a good records '
are subject to the rules and regula
tions issued by the Food Administra
tion, and if they do hot observe them
their licenses (can be revoked. One
of the most important of these rules
provides that the licensee shall sell on
the basis of actual cost rather than
on the market as heretofore. This is
a very radical change from usual com
mercial practice, but the great ma
jority of dealers have cooperated will
ingly, and the monthly reports which
they are required to send into the Food
Administration showing their profits
on the licensed articles, have been
very satisfactory.
The' Food Administration has no
power .to license retainers doing a
business of less than $100,000 a year,
and these constitute over ninety-five
per cent, of the retail grocers of the
country. An extensive campaign,
The drive of the Germans has been
halted, fewer attacks in mass form
ation, but in some sectors fighting con
tinues with .-morg or less violence. The
British and French have held their
ground with some advance at strate
gic points.
Another big drive is expected with
the , Allied armies confident of suc
cess. Numerous attacks in mass for
mation were beaten back with great
loss to the enemy, and twenty-five
trains loaded with wounded Germans
have been reported being moved to
the rear. Public buildings, hospitals,
churches and school houses with im
pressment of private homes have filled
the Belgian cities with wounded sol
diers from the battlefields. -
The American soldiers have given
good account of themselves. In one
instance the immediate
stated that there was no one to be
sighted every man acted as a hero.
Whether the lull in infantry fighting
is from sheer exhaustion or for fur
ther preperation is ;iot known. '
The expected counter strategic at
tack of General Foch, the Allied' com
mander in chief, has been expected to
develop when and where will not be
known until the hour arrives.
The gains of the Germans have been
greatest in boosting the war spirit in
Germany, but to buy this public ap
proval the Kaiser has sacrificed from
250,000 to 400,000 men. Certainly
greater than they estimated and their
Purpose to break through the j lines
has nowhere been accomplished;
thousands of tons of explosives have
been dropped on their supply and am
munition depots behind the lines,with
no way of estimating the amount of s
damage, which must be heavy.
The French have reinforced the Brit
ish line which held out against the
German solid waves of infantry for
weeks against great odds. The out
look brightens for the Allied cause as
2 very day's delay brings up new re
inforcements and with the American
government rushing troops across the
ocean to the scene of war with unex
ampled facility.
TELLS OF WAR
. ON OTHER SIDE
SERGT. LEWIS N. GILGER ON
"EXPERIENCES ACROSS"
Guest of Mr. Peck Delivers In
teresting Talk at Cotton Mill
School On Saturday Night; Mr
Polk Also Makes Bond Appeal.
however, has been carried on bv the
otherwise inevitable sky-rocketing of j Distribution Division, to enlist the
prices to the consumer which was COODerati on of th eSe unlicensed retail
ers.. Through the help of the travel
ing salesmen of the large wholesale
Mare Island, Cal.
regulations have been made, nor any ty-four staple food-commodities were
(Continued On Fourth Page)
; Sergeant Lewis N. Gilger, a grad
uate of Williams college and a fra
ternity mate of Mr. Thomas D. Peck
from the Williams College chapter of
Alpha Delta 'Phi, returned to duty at
Camp Jackson Sunday after spending
several days here as the guest of
Mr. Peck.
Mr. Gilger was one of 174 Amer
icans who left this country in 1917
for France whore he joined the French
Army Ambulance Corps. At the re
quest of Mr. Peck. Sergeant Gilger
told a number of Warrenton people
and people of the Cotton Mill of his
experiences with ,the Ambulance Corps
during his period of enlistment.
The meeting was held in the Peck
3chool building, and in pleasant nar
rative style the audience was held as
experience after experience came from
the lips of the man who had been.
"The Ambulances advance as the
Army does and is always up to the
third line trenches; shells burst all
about them as they are on their er
rands of mercy," said Gilker. Contin
uing, he spoke clearly of the trench
systems and of life therein; of rush
ing troops to the Front; of the hor
rors of Liquid fire and the deadlines?
(Continued- On Third Page)
Ford boats will constitute a