Newspapers / The Warren Record (Warrenton, … / Aug. 16, 1935, edition 1 / Page 15
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" r" ** > v, ,,. . ' * . ..... Weather Has Much To Do With Curing Flue Tobacco. Floyd Says RnwrsrttW Contributes Sertrml Of paries Of Articles For Readers State Farmer Section CEdftorial Note: This 3s the second of a series of articles on Tobacco by Mr. Floyd, wbc is recognised as the outstanding tobacco authority in North Carolina. The third will app?ar in our next issue.) Qy EL T. FLOYD. Tobaceo Specialist, N. C. State Colkwyj, Yellowing is the first of three stages in the curing of flue-cured toba-eco. This process starts when the leaf is pruned off the - etalk. In the second stage, the color is set. A fire is started as soon as the tobacco is hung in the barn, and the temperature is raised fire to '? '--Vr than the | te^ass;ssi?SMis Terra cotta tobacco curing outside temperature, usually from 85 to 100' degrees Fahrenheit. This temperature is maintained until ths leaf is fairly yellow, requiring from 34 to 36 hours. The temperature should then be raised four to five degrees each hour, dependinf upon the rapidty with which the green is fading, until 120 of 125 degrees has boon reached. B.v this time the leaves should be a pale yellow. Tlax last raise will toughen the tobacoo so that it will aland higher heat. Hold this temperature until the tips of the leaves begin to dry, then raise the temperature 4 to 6 degrees each hour until 135 to 140 degrees P&hreiihoit has been reached. Hold this temperature until the leaf tissue is dry. During this period, the color will he fixed. As soon as the leaf is dry, raise the temperature from 5 to 10 degrees each hour until 180 to 190 degrees Fahrenheit has been reached. This heat may be held until the leal stem is dry in all parts of the oarn. The time required to cure a barn varies from 94 to 96 hours. Ouiy General Outline, This outline for curing is general and Should be variously modified as good judgment! dictates. Weather conditions, the amount of sap in the tobacco, and other fac3 tors may necessitate prolonging or short-' ening any one of the stages. Approximately 4/JOO to 5,000 pounds of moisture or sap must be removed during each curing of ' rvtirmfr first degree of jrrcc*i ivwwwv. ? v.. ?D _ ! caring the humidity in the barn is high and ample ventilation must be provided. If humidity gets gets very high during yellowing stage, the ventilators should be opened enough to let the excess moisture escape. When the leaf drying stage has been readied, the ventilators, both bottom and top, should be open "Sponging" will result if the moisture is not removed as fast as it is given off. If the temperature is raised too high, while the humidity is very high, a greenish brown to greenish black color will develop, know as 'scalding" and the leaf tissue adjoining the main stem and the stem becomes a mottled brown to dark brown color When a temperature of from 165 to 170 degrees Fahrenheit has been reached the humidity should be low and*%tbe ventilators closed.. Sometmcs it may be necessary to raise the temperature above 140 degrees to make the leaf dry as it should. h [ THE STATE gV I ?, Y Floyd W 'I^' ,' 1" ~ " r ^ . v . , ; SS?\ wj&is' JKi^SirijtiSg?; fe 4f g PgMroiPl^& bam in Lenoir Cctmty, N. C. "Ron" May Develop A condition known as "run may develop daring the latter part of the leaf drying stage if the temperature is allowed to drop several degrees. After the tobacco is thoroughly cured, the fire.- are out. and the temperature has gone dawn, the bam doors are opened in carder that the tobaeeo may come in "order or case", bo that the tobacco car be removed tram the bar* without breaking. Frequently it &> necessary to wet the iioor or me oara in order to hasten the softening of -he cured leaf . The barn is emptied and refilled each week during the rush of uhe curing season. When the tobacco is removed from the barn, it is carried to the pack house in long pile or windrow where it is left for a few days. It is then packed in a square coop with all leaves turned inwardly and the butt of the leaves showing on the outside. Tobacco so cooped should have enough moisture in it so that it will straighten out nicely and undergo such changes as are necessary -or the improvement in color. On the other band, if it is In too high order when packed, it may damage. Tobacco packed in this way may then be left until the grower is ready to grade and market it Tobacco Markets Opening This Month In Carolina Georgia tobacco markets opened late In July and purchasing of this season's crop is now in full swing. Both growers and dealers are reported as optimistic over the outlook. The South Carolina market opened | August 8 followed by the Eastern North *? - ?imino r>n AllQTUSt Carolina mareta VVI11UXI VM aaoQ?? 26. The Middle Belt will open September 17 and the old belt October 1. The Dark Virginia belt will not open until November 12. These dates were feed at the recent meeting of the Tobacco Association of the United States in White Sulphur Springs. "Uncontrolled soil erosion leads to general economic and social loss."?A. Cames, extension engineer, Clemson College, S_ C?> ARMEK SECTION USD A Estimates Bigger Tobacco Crop Than 1934 (ConMnaed from pap? otvei total tobacco crop is produced in North Carolina. This season the outlook k tor a substantial increase as the latest Government estimate indicates a crop erf 496,000.000 pounds compared with 4i8#X),000 pounds last year. This season's crop will be well in excess of the five year average of 469,000.COO pounds. Weather has averaged fairly good for the growth of the crop until recently when there has been too roach rain in the Coastal district. South Carolina will have approximately 85,000,000 pounds this season against 80, 000,000 pounds last year, mis ? ueww the five year average of 78,000,000 pounds, however. Weather has been quite favoarable for the crop recently. Curing is well under way in Georgia where the crop this season is estimated at 56,000,000 pounds compared with only 32,000,000pounds last year. Growth has been fairly good and the weather has been good for curing the crop in moat areas. The Florida production shows a good increase this season and a crop of 8,385,000 pounds is forecast. Ttiis compares with 5,216,000 pounds last year. Weather has been too wet recently and has hindered the curing of the crop. Kentucky Increase &m*U Acreage was increased only slightly hi Kentucky this year and the total production in tills second most important of the 1- AArv I tobaooo states is estimated at pounds. Last year's crop was 254,000,000 pounds and the five year average is 300,000,000 pounds, so it can be readily noted that production is light this year. The crop might possibly do a little belter than the July forecast indicates as weather has been more favorable recently and the crop has made good progress. Tennessee shows very 116tie increase over last year and the crop Is estimated at 94,775,000 pounds compared with 94,145,000 pounds last year. Acoeage was increased only slightly. Weather lias oeer. good in Tennessee recently and the crop may improve somewhat compared with tb? July estimate. There is a somewhat larger production In Connecticut this season and the crop is estimated at 16,105,000 pounds against 14,748,000 pounds last year. Growing conditions have been excellent this season both in Connecticut and for the smallei acreage located in Massachusetts. Pennsylvania was estimated at 23,000,000 pounds as of July L an increase oi 5,000,000 over last year. Since then ther have been some floods in the state and these may reduce the crop in certain sections. However the weather has been verj iavorawe in i/witu ptu us u* w?-. o ?*??*.. Ohio shows a reduction as compares with last year as the conditions have no! been quite so favorable for growth. A crop of 22,360,000 pounds is forecasted &i . against a crop of 24,250,000 pounds last year. Acreage was Increased materially in Wisconsin this year and the crop has made fairly good growth. A crop of 15.462.00C pounds is indicated which compares with 11,796,000 pounds harvested last year. The Maryland acreage is practically the same as a year ago and the crop is estimated to be practically the same. Growing conditions have been generally good and a crop of 22,750/100 pounds is forecasted in comparison with 23,418/100 pounds last year. Virginia Shows Increase Virginia shows a moderate increase in tobacco prospects this season and a crop of 85,118/100 pounds is forecasted. Last year the production was 80,155,000 pounds. However, the crop is below the five year average of 89/100,000 pounds. -J Flue-Cured Growers r\et 1 i ! __ i i Uttered Adjustment Program For 1936-39 The Agricultural Adjustment Administration has announced that growers of fluecured tobacco will be offered an adjustment program, covering the crop years 1936 to 1939, inclusive, which is in effect a continuation of the program in force for the crop years 1934 ?nd 1935. As a result of adjustment of acreage and production in 1934 and 1935, surplus stocks which depressed prices have been removed. J. B. Hutson, director of the division of tobacco, sugar, rice and peanuts, said, how ever, that indications were that without an adjustment program production of fluecured tobacco in 1936 would be out of balance with consumption to such an extent that juices would decline below parity juice or fair exchange value. Ninety-eiglit jjercent of the growers who voted in the flue-cured tobacco referendum PAGE SEVEN Kinstoa Market Will1 O^en To GoWen Flow ' * ViL Ui iobacco Aug. n Largest Mart In North Carolina Has Plenty of Floor Space and the Buyers Will AH Be Theca BY A STAfT WRITER "* Everything points to the best season the Kinston tobacco market has yet experienced for the coming fall and winter. m?e of the largest Warehouses to be found anywhere in North Carolina will be ready to lake care of all the weed when the flow" begins on August 26. As a matter of fart Kinston will have this coming season over 100,000 square feet more of floor space than any other market in the State. With this setup and with plenty of portsing space for all the automobiles or trucks or wagons, no matter what the fanner uses to bring his tobacco to market in, there is -? *"" 4,1 ryvftvlcnt oVlAllW ikj rcaoun wuy wire n.mc wju uxi+? v not be the "home market" lor all farmers in this section of the State. Buyers representing the largest companies in the world win be on the floors. In Bennett Hooks, it is believed the Kinston market has the most experienced and most courteous sales supervision to he found anywhere. He is busy now traveling all over this section calling on the farmers, talking with them in the fields, sit ting up with them at the boms, forming the right contacts that win result in bringing the tobacco to this city. Tobacco Board Of Trade ! , | Then the market is guided by a Tobacco 3oard of Trade that is compceed of real, ; live tobacco men with Richard P. Moss, of the E. V. fVebb Company, as president and this board has announced everf thing is going to be done to take car a of the interests of the growers when they come to I with their weed. J Many improvements have been made, some of them enlargements, to give the farmers the very best service possible. Floor space on many of the floors has been greatly enlarged. Rest rooms have been arranged to take care of the men and women on all floors, and as fine a group of warehousemen as there is anywhere will be extending a real hearty welcome on August 26 and every other day during the season to the farmers. Reports coming to the warehouse and other tobacco men here say that the crops are in fine shape; tobacco is curing well and barns are busy thus making for a great I .Mcnn onH an nreent aDDeal is being sent OUt?W* ? I to tlie farmers to bring ail of their tobacco ; to Kinston, not just the lower grades. It is l the desire that Kinston pay as much if not > more than any other market in this section ; and coupled with that is a request of the farmer to bring his best and his all here, that the prices may average higher. i " i held in June, 1935, voted in favor of a program having the provisions incorporated In ! the new contract. Approximately 84 percent of all tobacco growers, including landowners, tenants and share-croppers, cast votes in I the referendum. . The program for the 1936-1939 period will: 1 carry forward acreage and production bases already established with such downward nnroard adjustments as will result In more equitable bases; provide for one adjustment payment at the end of each contract year; and set a limit of 35 per cent on the acreage and production reduction which may be required in any one year. ( The new contracts will be signed by persons who are operating farms as owners or cash or standing rent tenants. In case a landlord dees not supervise operation of his farm and the entire farm is operated by one share-tenant or share-cropper, either the landlord or his tenant or share-cropper may, sign the contract. m ; The contract provides for a payment which will give growers a return "NOT less than the difference between the average farm price and the average parity price for, tha>. nortion of the crop which is equal domestic consumption. h| In other words, the payment will be of| such an amount as will make up any difference between actual farm price received! and parity price on the domestic portion' of the crop. A little over 40 percent of the; flue-cured crop is domestically consumed. The rate of the adjustment payment for! each year will be determined after sale ; the crop. ,?, j; In accordance with requests made by ten bacco growers, new contract forms are avail-; able at county offices in each of the fluecured belts. Notice of acceptance of contracts signed by growers must be given byr the Secretary of Agriculture not later than February l, 1936, in order to be effective fOS J for that year. * ' *
The Warren Record (Warrenton, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Aug. 16, 1935, edition 1
15
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