Thursday, «, 1524
Last Days of Southern Confederacy *
E. M. Green, D. D., in Presbyterian
Standard. ' ' •
The formal dissolution of President
Davh’ cabinet and the final dispersion
of what then remained- of the Confed
erate army, occurred at Washington,
Ga. This aristocratic old town, which
claims to have been the first in America
to bear the name of the illustrious Father
of his Country, is the terminus of thftt
branch of the Georgial railroad which
runs in the direction of Abbeville, 8. O.
After the surrender of General. Lee and
the abandonment of Richmond, the Pres
ident and his cabinet, gathered hastily
the officinl records of the Confederacy
and all that pertained to the government,
including the little that was left of the
treasury, ah<f escorted by a small mili
tary guard, came as far as Washington
in the effort to cross the Savannah River
and pass through the country to Abbe
ville, 42 miles distant, where they would
reach another railroad system leading
farther south. Mrs. Davis accompanied
her husband and on their arrival they
were met by Dr. Joseph Robertson, who
took > them to his . home and entertained
them during their brief stay in Wash
ington.
' This bouse in which they were eqy
dially received and entertained, was a
large brick building on the court house
square, known as “The Bank," having
been originally built for that purpose
and so used for many years. Mere Mr.
Harrison, the President’s private secre
tary, brought the trunks and boxes con
taining the Confederate papers and other
valuables of which he was in charge.
But it was found to be impracticable to
convey these things across the country.
The Richmond bankers in the attempt to
take their specie and bank deposits
over to Abbeville, lost everything at the
hand of robbers. A large number of
Confederate soldiers, following the Pres
ident to Washington, now thronged the
town. The silver and gold in the Con
federate treasury was distributed among
them, each receiving about six dollars.
Mr. Davis, realizing the desperate situa
tion of affaire, conveyed his cabinet in the
guest chamber of the houfee in which he
was being entertained and announced to
them that irhder the serious cricum
stances surrounding them, every man
would be compelled to look to his own
safety: that no effort would be made to
have another meeting and that the cab
inet was now’ dissolved.
Pursuing his journey under the escort
of a few devoted adherents, Mr. Davis
took with him a small army tent for
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KINGDOWN
MATTRESSES and SPRINGS
4 (!.. .a Aftn I ,
) camping, but had not gone far when be
was aroused one morning by the, noise
t of pistol shots, and he knew at once
i that'the'attack was made by United
- States soldiers. He rubbed from the
, teht to stop the firing and prevent the
i needless sacrifice of human life. He
► w«j in delicate health and had been suf
f feting recently with neuralgia; and eee
: ing her husband going out in the ehiily
i morning air without his coat. Mrs. Davis
. hastily threw on his shoulders the first
I thing she could put her band on. It
■ proved to be her own waterproof eloak.
o It was this that gave rise to /he story
• that when arrested he waa trying to dis
, guise himself in female attire. He euf
s sered a long imprisonment, as is wetl
known, in Fortress Monroe. It was
i understood that he was held for trial on
• the charge of high treaSWi. and that the
■ Chief Justice of the United States Su
- :
■ ■
- ' • ‘"■if 3
w
Erank Barned. 2#, an electrical con
tractor of London, Ont., is charged
with deliberately driving his auto
mobile on a sidewalk at Niagara
Falls, Ont., and killing Smyrlie Muir
head. Muirhead and his wife were
out walking with B&rned's estranged 1
wffe. Barned escaped and police
have failed to fiktd him.
i
■ THS concoro baily tribune
preme Court would preoide at the trial.
The Hon. Charles O'Conner, of New
York, said to be the ablest lawyer ia the
United States, was retained for tt! 'de
fense. ' The people of the South wbre
anxious for the trial to be held, know
ing well that the result would be a com
plete exoneration of President Davis and
a triumphant vindication of the Confed
erate cause. None knew this better
than his fneraies themselves, and Mr;
Davis was never brought to trial.
I had been a chaplain in the,Confed
erate army, and soon after the war I
became pastor of the Presbyterian Church
of Washington while the incidents I have
related were fresh in the'minds of the
people. Dr. Robertson, above men
tioned, was an elder in my church, and
the members of his family pnjoyed tell
ing me how the soldiers of the northern
army came in search of Mr, Davis soon
after he had left, ransacked the house
in Search of him and sat pn the boxes \
commanding the Confederate records,
without suspecting the nature pf their I
jl'content*. These boxes were safely kept
and later on were turned over to those
who had a right to dispose of them. 1
Among the acquaintances formed while
I lived in Washington was that of Alex
ander H. Stephens, vice president of the
Confederate States, itfho often visited
his friend. General Robert Toombs, one
of many nearest neifhhors. Mr. Steph
ens’ boyhood had ''been spent in Wash
ington and in early life he had united
with the church of which I had recent
ly become pastor. Visiting him on one
occasion at “Liberty, Hall.” fiftl bachelor
home in the adjacent town oflurawfords
ville, we spent several -quit ' hours to
gether and I took advantage of the op
portunity to obtain from his- •firet-haud
information in regard to the' famous
Hampton Roads conference in which he
bad' taken a conspicuous part. This
he kindly gave me, and it was in sub
stance this:
The Hampson Roads conference was
held'--at the suggestion of General Lee,
w)i«'informed the President that his line
of battle wae so thin and «o long drawn
out, that General ' Grant could break
through at any point that he might
choose jto concentrate his forces; that
he might be able to keep the enemy in
check long enough for a conference of
peace to be held and the most favorable
terms secured, but urged him to arrange
for a conference with the least possible
'delay. Acting upon .his request the
President asked N Mr. Stephens if he
would head a commeeion to hold a peace
conference witli the United States au
thorities. He promptly consented to do
so, and Judge Campbell, of Alabama,
and Senator R. M. T. - Hunter, of Vir
ginia, were appointed on the commis
sion with Mr. Stephens. President
Lincoln agreed to the conference and it
was arranged that it should be held on
shipboard, in Hampton Roads, and the
date was fixed for the meeting.
Befqre starting on their voyage up
! the bay the Southern commissioners held
' a preliminary meeting and their chair
-1 man. Mr. Stephens, was asked to have
] an interview with President Davis and
i ask fdr definite instructions as to their
I duty and the scope and limit of their
! authority. He accordingly called on Mr.
Davis, who, in reply to bis request fdr
instruction placed in his hand a large
sealed envelope endorsed with these
| -words "Not to be opened nntil yoa reach
] Hampton Roads " and said to him, “You
i will find your instructions in this paper.
II and I'have none others to give you.”
k As kM commissioners were approach
' Ing the of, meeting they opened
J the sealed envelope ts> learn what they
f were to do. and to theft amazement they
' read in the very first item of theid in
f strnetion that they were tb demand the
i recognition of 'fhe independence of the
1 Confederate states as the basis of a
| peace settlement. They feared that their
i mission wbuld be fruitless, but they
[ were under orders and proceeded on their
! way. Soon the two -steamers were
i drawn up side by side and President
■ Lincoln and his secretary of state, Mr.
i Seward, stepped aboard the Southern
i steamer, evidently elated with the thought
j tEat they were to receive the surrender
!of the Southern Confederacy. The two
bodies of commissioners were soon seat
ed around the council table.
Mr. Lincoln was the first to speak, and
reaching over, he took up a sheet of pa
per from the table and said to the
Southern commissioners: “Gentlemen, to
make a long matter short. I will write on
this paper, ‘The Union Shall Be Preserv
ed,’ and under it yon may write the
conditions to please yiurselves.”
Mr. Stephens replied that he might
write that the seceding states should re
turn to their places in the Union, with
their rights unimpaired and no penalties
attgohed to their act of secession. Mr.
LincMn replied, ‘lf you do not write that.
I wifi. I want the Union restored; the
Unidb of Sovereign and Equnl States.
The institution of African slavery was
1 discussed, as constituting the wealth of
I the South and the whole labor system up
i on which her prosperity depended. It
| was know that Mr. Lincoln had said that
i his emancipation Proclamation was -a war
< measure, and was not issued by virtue of
] any constitutional authority vested in
i him. He had also said that if paying for
» the slaves would stop the war, he would
j recommend that $240,000,000 be nppro
> printed for that purpose. But what he
| said on this occasion, was in this peculiar
I phrase, simply this; “The Nigger shant
t -
—1 ■ . . ■ ~
Smallest
|b
) Mr. and lira. enteriTinei
Mrs. Charles Burke 'be'.r hon»
on Hawthorne Aye., Portland. Ore
The affair was informal and ini
prompt u. Mrs. Burke lost oontro
of her car while turning to look be
hi;.d her and stepped on the gas in
atead of the I make As a result thi
machine climbed upon the Qufirfc 1
front .porch jit ills'll «|>eed.
stand in the way of the Union.”
But the whole discussion receiver] a
check when Mr. Stephens said. "Well,
gentlemen, tffjmake a long matter short,
as Mr. Lincoln has observed, I have to
say. that wrtrYrnm the South are here
present to irigtiet that the essential basis
of a settlement bf the present difficulties
between the two sections of this country j
is and must » thdrecognition of the in-'
dependence omthe vSor.lhern Confederacy .’’
An expression of disappointment and
pain passed Mr. Lincoln's face and
he saidy “GenHefnen,! if that is your posi
tion, we are "Wasting titrfe,” and the de
liberations of the conference were soon 1
brought to a closer
Wlien he had finished this detailed ac
count of the conference, I said to him,
“Mr. Stephens, I thank you, but I am
almost sorry that you have told me all 1
■this, for here we are in poverty and dis- i
tress as u people, undergoing all the hor-!
rors of reconstruction which wc might 1
have been saved; for I infer from your
statements that if you had not been bound
by your instructions you might have se
cured peace terms altogether favorable to
the South, and settle the .whole trouble
on generous conditions."
■ His reply was very striking. It was
in substance this, “I thought so once; II
do not think so now. I am persuaded j
that the war ended in the only way it
could end. General Lee and some others
realized that the military resources of i
the South were exhausted. But the peo
ple ns a whole were not defeated and
would not believe that they could be de
feated. No peace conference could have
settled matters without leaving the seeds
of another war. The soldiers in the field
were ragged and hungry and tired bnt
they were not whipped; their spirit yeas
indomitable. If are'had make peace on
if. '--T^\
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_Mr. Lincoln’t terms, thiji'VKmld have be
lieved we hawl betrayed them and prob
ably when we returned they would have
bung us as traitors on a limb of the first
free they could get us to. No, it was *
fight to the finish, one side of the other
had to go down in complete and acknowl
edged defeat. The' war had to end just
as it did. Glien General Lee surrender
ed all knew that the end had come.
Mr. Stephens was probably right. Our
people fought for great interests and
great principles. The Southern States
made no war against the I'nited States.
They claimed the right nnder the Con-
I stitution of peaceable secession and acted
strictly on the defensive. On this issue
they were defeated by-'vastly superior
(forces and our people have accepted the
result bravely and in good faith. [ %
j • Danville, Ky.
A Mystery Solved.
Dearborn Weekly.
I The tales told by those who go jMifb
to the sea In ships are many and varftil
! hut perhaps there has never been a more
j fascinating story than that of the mys
i terious disappearance of the erew of the
brig Marie Celeste. The Marie Celeste
sailed from New York to Genoa in the
; year 1872, and after having been spoken
by a passing vessel the previous day,
| she was found drifting in the Mediter-
I ranean abandoned by every living crea
, ture. The captain had his wife and
, child on board, and in the dining saloon
! the table was fully set for a morning
I meal. There was no confusion in the
| appearance of anything on the ship: it
just looked as if the captain and crew
j had vanished into the ether.
Many theories have been advanced to
, account for the strange case of the Marie
Celeste, and .a few years ago several
, eminent authors bad a shot at elucidat
ing the mystery in the pages of a imitu
lar magazine. But if the story wkich
i has just come tq light can be accented,
| they were all wide of the mark, A£(s*r
. j 42 years there has just come a disclosure
from a Captain H. Lucy, who is Veil
kuod’n a’.l over the Mediterranean, who
states that he has the true story of the
Marie Celeste from a man from he met
. 1 in Australia, who was formerly the
i bo’sun of the ill-fated vessel.
| The tale told by the bo’sun, in brief.
. is that on the day before the Marie Ce
leste expected to reach port, there was
sighted a derelict vessel. On this ves
, sel a large sum of money in gold and
; silver was found, and immediately a
i scheme was formed, participated in by
j the eaptaiu and the whole of the crew, i
; that the money should be divided in cer- j
tain proportions, and the Marie Celeste
abandoned. The, crew' arrived at the
j port of Cadiz in boats borrowed from the
j derelict, the names on which they had
, rhanged, and after reporting the loss of
I their fictitious vessel they scattered to
, various parts of the world. 1
The old saying that the truth will
I out sooner or later seems exemplified
in this ease. Captain Lucy apparent
ly has no reason to doubt the veracity
lof the ex-bo’sun. The disclosure com
pletes the last chapter of a story that
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PAGE SEVEN
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