North Carolina Newspapers

EDUCATTOS FOB-INDIANS a "MOTHER KATHERLNE" DREXEL S SPENDS MJLtlONS JIf THIS-i " 41 as Founded Many Schools, Employ ing Indians to Build Them.-Only ' Fuli-blood Indian Cauiolic Priest In Ithe World - . ' Many thousands of Indian children in Oklahoma and Indian Territory iave been educated by means ef the t ','DrexeI .millions," a large portion of which has for years been devoted to "ifae. -cause of ' Indian education by Mother Katherlne, formerly Miss Kate Drexel, of Philadelphia, sister of John H. Drexel, banker and sugar magnate, and closely related to the. others of the same name who hare made It famous In the world of finance. It was .Mother Katherlne who started the In dian' school at Chlloceo. which has , fcow been taken in charge by , the .government and made the principal Indian training school of the South west The two schools at Pawhuska, in Pottowatemie county, are also mon- : Hments of her bounty. ' " ' She keeps in close touch with her . irork. vaad visits the Oklahoma' schools ih which she is interested at least once year. She is usually accompanied lay her sister, who is also deeply in- "MOTHER KATUEBINE" DBEXEL terested In the work, and who heart ily approves It, in common with the other members of the family. All of the millions ke has expended for In dian education have been employed under direction of the Interior Denart nrent, as her long study of the Indian ' problem is1 recognised to have made ' her one ef the best authorities on the subject in the country. ? -:V : Planned the Buildings Personally. The St Leuls and St John schools ; at Pawhuska, both founded by Mother Katherlne a number of years ago, are good examples ef the wort she Is do ing for the education of the Indians. Both have kaaaseme and commodious buildings, Planned personally by Mother Katherlne, and have given hundred ef sage children their first knowledge ef the white man's learning. . Many ef the teachers are themselves .Indians, graduates of these or similar schools, whe have entered with en thusiasm inte the education-of their fellow tribesmen. The Osage schools receive seme assistance from the gov ernment' and their scope is greatly wideaed by the orders now in effect from the agent's office' that every Osnge child ef school age must be in school in order te draw its share at the annuity payments. - " . Used Indian Labor. ' i While Mother Katherine's benefac tions have always been liberal, it Is ' her plan te let the Indians do the work whenever possible, in the construction of buildings and work of a similar character. 'When the Sacred Heart school burned Ive years ago, and was i rebuilt Pottawatomie and Klckapoo Indians made the brick for the, new structure, and did. much of the work towards its construction, working, of course, under the direction of a white contractor. Much of the maintenance of thlsecaeel, which is claimed to be the oldest west ef the Mississippi river, is borne by Mother Katherlae, and it was by her visits to this school that she discovered Albert Negahnquet, the fullblopd Pottawatomie boy educated by her, and who la now the only full- blood Indian Catholic' priest In the world, After his graduation at Sacred -. ITeart. she paid his expenses, through Carlisle and the Catholic university at Washington, finally finishing his edu cation at Berne, from Whence, he re- turned only two years ago, to take up - his work fmong his own people, ' Is founder of Several Schools. ( A number ef schools of the same sort have been founded and maintained tt Mother Katherlne, probably the best known being the Nazareth Institute at Muskogee, which was founded in 1801. It was beset by many difficulties dur ing its earlier years, but survived them all and is now a flourishing Institution. '- The Institutions which have pros leered the most, and in which Mother Katherlne has taken the greater Inter est; are, . howeverr naturally " those among the tribes . which were already under the Influence of Catholic teach ings, the . . Osages and the Potta watomles. .The Osages had of course been instructed in the Catholic faith, before their removal from Southern Kansas, by the fathers at the old Osage missions, now St Paul, first un der the directions of the venerable Father Schumacher, and later under Father' Paul Ponslgllone, it near rela tive of the royal family of Italy, who made many journeys ' among the Osages after their removal to the terri tory. Father Scroll, of Independence, Kan., also lifted 'occasionally to follow the trails through what Is now , Okla homa as far west as Fort Sill. ; ' 4 The 'beginning of ithe work among the-Pottawatomies was also made as far back as 1871. when Father Robot, a French missionary, offered his ser vices to the bishop of Little Bock, who then bad jurisdiction over this terri tory, and struck out into the Indian country. He settled first at Atoke, but in 1874 moved to sacred Heart, round ing the famous abbey of the Benedic tines there, .which is the only mon- astery In the United State governed directly from France. Its first abbot was Father Felix. DeGrasse, a lineal descendent of the famous French ad miral Upon his death two years ago he was succeeded by Father Murphy, a native of Savannah. Ga., and the first man of American birth to join the brotherhood at Sacred Heart. , BERNHARDT OUTWITS TRUST. Denied Playhouses by Theatre Com bine, She Flay to Vast Audience ; ::: In Tent, .y.j Mme. Sarah Bernhardt the cele brated actress has entered the arena as a. "trust buster." When she made preparations for bookings In Texas, she found the playhouses of the state closed to her -on account or ner re fusal to appear under, the patronage of the theatre syndicate. In Texas, therefore, she was compelled to appear In a tent A week or two ago, a novel method of producing a play was- In augurated at Dallas, when Sarah played "Camllle" in a big circus tent with an audience of 5,000 persons. During the performance fully 10,000 persons crowded Xrouud the tent and would have paid to get m it it naa been big enough. ' As it was the tent, only seated 4,200 and 800 had to stand' or sit on the ground. It was the most novel wild west show ever seen. The tent was a huge affair, and from the outside looked big enough to house i three-ringed circus. ' The novelty of playing In a circus tent appealed to the actress and she gave her Interpretation "of the char acter of "Camllle" as' naturally, as cleverly, and with as much foreeand power as If confronted by an audience of New Yorkers or Parisians In the most modern of theatres. The thou sands who greeted Mme. Bernhardt at Dallas desired as much to show their Indorsement Of her fight -against the' trust as to be entertained by ber matchless talent as an actress. Mmt, Bernhardt made arraigements to appear in the tent nt - Wa and -Austin, Texas, ".and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Territory. In other Texas cities on her itinerary large halls were secured and specially eq pped for the performance. . v Hopeteaa Igaonoe. ". Flynn "01 tell jet they's no use thrryin' to lddlca-ate thim Cholnese." Mulhooley "An" phwy's thott" Flynn "01 jlst asked wan or thim the Cholnese wur-rud for St Patrick's day, an' bedad, be couldn't tell me." LARGEST BATTLESHIP. TEN MILLION DOLLARS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF GIGANTIC "COhSTITUTION." More Destructive and Terrible than .the new Floating Giant, the English "Dreadnaught"-Old "Constitution to be Saved. " One hundred thousand dollars ' for the preservation of the old frigate Constitution, and $10,000,000 for the construction of a huge new battleship of the same name are two provisions to be included in the naval appropria tion bill. ..,' ;-.-' The new Constitution is to be the most powerful ship of war afloat She will excel the British Dreadnought recently launched by King Edward by as much as the Dreadnaught will ex cel anything afloat when she is com pleted. Her authorization may be said to be directly the result of Togo's victory in the Sea of Japan It was the British naval attache . on board Togo's flagship . who hurried home after that buttle and warned "the Ad miralty of the needs of the British navy, and this brought about the con struction of the Dreadnaught. Now we are to follow and eclipse the Brit ish naval wonder. . " . -Tbe Navy Department has secured full information concerning the plans OI ine ureauaaugui, aim me mruuge ment of her powerful armament so that 4t is known exactly what umst be done to beat her. " , ;v In order that the department may not be tampered in any way in deter mining upon the plans of the new Con stitution the forthcoming bill will pro vide that the Secretary of the Navy may use the contingent fund te secure Information from Vlp-bullders the world over, If he so desires, before finnlly accepting the design of the ten-mllllon-dollar pacifier. Provisions for Ship, This provision for the new American sea fighter Is In line with the de3ire of the President and the earnest re commendation of Admiral Dewey, who recently ; appeared before - the Naval Committee of the House and gave a spirited talk in support Of his views ns tft. . the necessity of - con structing larger and more powerful battleships for the American Navy At the time the naval estimates were made up last fall, Secretary Bonaparte was opposed to any such Increase, but be has since come around to the side of the President and is now heartily In favor of the committee proposition. The naval experts in Washington have long been convinced that . the 16,000-ton battle ships Michigan-and South Carolina, authorized by the last Congress, represent the limit of possi bility on a displacement not decidedly greater, ; To go beyond, in any ap preciable" degree, the fighting efficiency of such ships, it will be necessary to have, not only more powerful arma ment but higher speed 'and greater steaming radius, to gain which there, must be heavier and more powerful machinery and greater coal-carrying capacity. The displacement of the Dread naught is "but 2,000 tons greater than that of the Michigan or the South Carolina. - Naval construction, ex- THE NEW This Will b the Molt perts say that an addition of 2.000 tons to the displacement of . the American ships Is Insufficient to accomplish all three of the factors necessary to ma terially fiaprove upon them, and the Increase would be entirely consumed by the provision for anyone of these factors. The extra guns would take It all, as would the extra machinery I --'lISIiillSBI h ' liifflii mtmsm . I v. i 1 necessary to develop high speed, or the greater bunker capacity essential ito wider steaming radius.' They point out that In the Dreadnaught it was attempted-to preserve two of these factors, gun power and speed, but that to do so it was necessary to sacrifice the armor-protection, which they be lieve such a battleship should have. No Limit to Cost. No sacrifice in armament speed, or steaming radius will have to be made in designing the new Constitution. The only limitation placed upon the Secretary of the ,Navy by the Naval Affairs Committee is that her hull and machinery shall not cost more than $0,000,000. The provision for the bat tleships Michigan" and South Carolina, now the largest ships building for the navy,, was $4,000,000. eaclv-and there Is no doubt in the minds of the mem bers of the . committee that if the Secretary decides to go to 20,000 tons or beyond, the extra $2,000,000 now provided will easily accomplish It It is estimated that the armor and amiament for' the ship will cost some where in the neighborhood of $3,500, 000 in addition to the bull and ma chinery, and that other fittings will briu;; -the. total for the new Constitu tion up approximately to $10,000,000. The Dreadnaught is "planned to carry ten 12-lncu rifles. The Michi gan and South Carolina are to carry J, eight 12-inch guns.. The Dreadnaught will be able to concentrate six guru for bow or stern fire, with eight on either broadside, "while the American Lsblps can use four guns dead aheador dead astern, and. all eight ahead or astern on a quartering Are, with all eight on either, broadside. So that In point ' of fire' they are nearly as ef ficient as the Dreadnaught which ex cels materially Only in the single point 1 of speed. To counterbalance this the American ships have the de cided advantage in armor protection. The Advantage cf Guns The Constitution will have as high ,-peed as the Dreadnaught, and the f louble advantage ,over the British ilp of greater gun power and more ijomplete armor protection. She will be more able to inflict blows and bet ter able to withstand them. She will carry twelve 12-iuch rifles, : so ar ranged that she can concentrate eight of them In firing dead ahead or dead astern, or off the bow or quarter, and ten on either broadside. Chewing Gam vs. Mxesona. The twenty-seventh annual meeting of the Women's Foreign Missionary Society of the Presbytery of Washing ton, held recently, disclosed the fact mat inree ana a nair million dollars a 'year more Is spent for chewing gunrf tnan- lor loreign missions. In other words $11,000,000 is spent for gum and only $7,500,000 for missions. ' Carefully compiled data show that $178,000,000 a year goes for candy. $700,000,000 for jewels, and tobacco and millinery go away up Into the millions, tobacco Considerably 'in the lead- ... v , ' The Keihaeae Lamp. - The ordinary 'kerosene lamp is the best Illustration of the highest type of combustion' furnace. The . hot gases passing up through the narrow throat of the chimney draw the-colder air through the . hot wire gauze at the bottom and bring it near a tempera ture which will feed combustion and CONSTITUTION. ! . Powerful Battleship Afloat,' prevent smoke by chilling the vapors. The limits In the construction of such a furnace are easily seen. ' When the wick Is raised a little the combustion is greater than, the capacity of the furnace, and smoke results. When the chimney Is raised from the bottom too much cold air enters, the flre is cmnei, and again we have smoke, OLD MAINE NOW YOUNG. PAPER MAKING HAS D0XE MUCH TO PEVELOP OLD NEW ENG LAND STATE. Intelligent Forestry 111 W Perpetuate The Maine Woods and Furnish Puip for . Paper-Making- to .. Future Generations. When one stops to think of the tremendous and almost magio growth of the distant West it seems strange that such an old state as Maine is still largely unknown and unsettled. . Almost Immediately after the Revo lutionary War .', the settlement of Maine began by inhabitants of other parts of , New England and its growth has been steady and . sure, with the exception of the years of,' and imme diately following' the Civil war. Te population, however, has been -almost entirely confined to the lower half of the state and -only -very recently have the immense ; possibilities and re sources of the northern half been re alized. '- . ; v It is estimated that at least 300, 000 natives of Maine are scattered throughout the other parts of the country - at the present time. Had this vast army remained to devel op their native State (t is impossible to realize the chanso that would have OXEN ARE OFTEN EMPLOYED TO BRING been made, as nature has done so much and man so little. More than 4000 square miles, or 2,rt0,000 acres, ot land still remain ployed and unimproved, waiting for capital and brains to make it yield large returns. The resources are al most beyond limit or belief. Thousands of Lakes and Rivera. In this state alone there are over live thousand rivers and streams with more than fifteen hundred lakes as reservoirs, to furnish power for In numerable manufacturing plants. Besides natural water power, 'Maine is rich in timber, which In this age is a most valuable asset . The timber lands of northern Maine can, with judicious management be made to yield for generation after generation and supply a vast, amobnt of lumber tnd wood pulp. The larg est paper mill in the world, Is located at Milllnocket on a small branch of the Penobscot River where a drop ot one hundred and fifty feet furnishes 25,000 horse-power. From this mlH is turned out each day between' 160 and 180 tons ot newspaper, made from wood pulp. - It Is commonly supposed that papefl making from wood-pulp is one of the greatest menaces to our forests, but exactly the opposite is the case, where the forests are handled Intelli gently. ; .. The modern policies adopted by many paper makers in regard to per petuating the forests are doing much for the cause of forestry. - One Maine company has secured the ownership of 300,000 acres of forest ;;br,i dob THE SOCIETY GAME Taught by Mail ' L Com pie tConre, Six Lemon &td (or Free Handsome Booklet. Addreea N, Y. Bridge Correspondence School Inc. 3 East 42d St., New Tork City 5 Yitr SCllI e:LB Flllii TJatchtS fTSMMnvAM lmt Wth M u Hon" PrW stieMld Aaaertoaa eea heiaM, ftswry a4l- l, aaei to keep eerreet itsee tm yean, with m b4om4 efcJ Ladles m e efcata tat a4 sainM sad will MM1 ihaii sad the wMk aa4 tatl Mra. (rdMBswe.tstoaHaisjWfera,slet tlM attr. MMtiM If tm mm LU4 er OmU weMk 4lils , . VAMMMf aUt K irtllnH.,LMHiAWtU. K I ' " I ll"AefaiUsjfee.idawTemf!f a ' o-bp- altlcmmi.elewTmtadtwiveye- tyeM 4oM huBtlac mm, keudfullr eanm4 eat fceafc , Kit mmtA mm etMteoLwIlfc 4 Ner nariMN In eafc ml Wim id. a alsneat em f " lands and placed the cutting ot all timber under the -direction of the Government Forestryf Bureau. A corps of experts was sent into the Maine woods and a close study made of the trees growing on each acre of this company's holdings. A plan was agreed upon which assures a per petual supply ot timber. No tree un der nine inches In diameter Is to be -cut At the end of sixteen years the spruce growth will have rtnewed it self again and under this plan the en tire three; hundred thousand acres may be cut over every sixteen years. At Rumiord Falls on the Andros coggin in western Maine about 54,. 000 horse power is now utilized, and a recent state report says that 48,000 ad ditional -.horse power Is available from this stream alone. Beyond doubt the railroads of Maine are responsible for the open- ing and develops , it of the upper half of this state, as . - years ago only thirty or forty mues of railway were built north of the centre and manu facturing or farming was almost un known above this point j . : Capitalists at last realized what a vast- amount of - valuable territory was being, ignored, and built branch lines into the "wilderness" until now there are nearly 500 miles of tracks connecting thriving cities and villages which have sprung up In the wake of the steel bands. - The ailvent of the railroad la TREES DOWN f ROM THE HILLS. northern' Maine has Increased the value of timber lands over 260 per cent and timber which before was toe remote has become available for mar keting purposes. . Capital from Canada. It is to be regretted perhaps from an American standpoint that a large part of the capital employed In devel oping this "new old state" has been furnished by Canadian capitalists rather than by New Bmglanders them selves. .:- ' The farming possibilities of Maine are almost as great as the water pow er and timber business offer, as K has been demonstrated that the soil and climate are particularly adapted te the raising of potatoes on a large scale; over 10,000 bushels having been shipped to various parts or the coun try In 1904. -. - ' The railroad 'officials realised' from the start th.. In order to' settle and build up - untry through which tbelr brancL ran the freight rates must be low enough to enable manu facturers to compete with more ac cessible factories, and have borne tjhi (Continutd at Next Pagi, A. : TKE P.ISHT FL'mCE FCR YCU3 IEW HOUSE fljhle lo your bullillnr plana Writ for oar Iree furnace book. It's fa aatnorlty om Bf 'In. fl'ella how ud where to erect ft furnace properly j how to at most heat juc of coal, et J ; how to get rid of ety atovea or replace a burned out heater Wltn our Leader ttteel nraaoe. Yon can pot It up yooreell It has er-trr nodern app.1 rooreeir. anee. We teach yon free. flAnt. fralsrht nafd. anv where. No. 45, heats T to room house, school, atore or small church, Costs $4. I m . poses. Write lor free booh today. if 1 r Hesi Warminffc , I Yratilatinf Company, . . 1 oioer bikob, tor an pur t