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V'r I ' Mrm0-" . , ' A WillarJ GrandfatW Clock. '
V r. One of tha .artiest of Aneriu'i .'r
ft
a
a
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A Nataral SnadUl Primitive
' (' Fir it Timepiece
TQIE-RECOKDECO bas wn
drgone Its first revolu
tionary advance la over fix
centuries, with the Inven
tion f a clock that does not run
- down. An American Is tbe inventor
the first American t contribute
anvthlng fundamental to the science
of "teiling time."
r Time is a miraculous thing
something elemental, baffllnc The
springs or weights of an ordinary
clock were never worthy of Its 'dig
nity. Now another baffling element
has been made to run in the same
harness. Electricity, Imprisoned in
clock, will "mark time."
There had been until now, rough
ly, four classes of timepieces, the
. sundial, the clepsydra, the candle
clock and the mechanical clock of
springs or weights. The sand glass
was but 'a modified clepsydra, and
the burning rope or punk of the
Chinese but another type of candle
clock.
The electric clock is somofhlng
new under the eun.
:' What Time Is Itf
History does " not record Eve's
. first remark to Adam presuranbly
Eve spoke first but It Is probable
' that she said, "What time Is It?"
People have been asking it ever
since. It is the most popular and
important question - in the wet-Id
even bow. .
No eoooer had nih appeared on
the earth th '.(,'. .. to hu
prtat to tin.
The Cleptvdra, or
water deck ef m
dent Greece end
Ren, vu e4 t
tine the cpeechca ef
orator. Water dripping
Into fennel (1) patted
to cylinder (2) (lowly
piling the cylinder and
raiting float. Ruing with
float rod witk taetk (3)
turned the kand of the
dock.'
Then came the trouble ever the
first "date."
This early chap call him Tar
tan or Ahas or anything, you wlli
probably wanted to meet Alias Mal
sle Nutmeg at the corner of Mas
todon avenue and Dinosaur street
on the following morning, to go on
a saber-tooth gathering expedition.
"Meet me here," be said cave
mannlshly. "when the sun is three
bands high."
Tarzan Haa Hunch ( '
"But," objected Malsle she 'was
a very intelligent girl -my hands
aren't as broad as, yours, and tbut
makes a difference!"
Tarzan scratched his bear-greased
pompadour uncertainly and
grunted. Then he bad an important
idea.
"I'll tell you," he said, "meet me
when the shadow from the moun
tain Just touches the river."
History was made right there,
thouRh Tarzan didn't know It. The
sundlul was Invented. It was nly
a small step f nun' the dl. sen very
(hat shadows niovud uth tin.' sun
to the placing vt un upright polo
and the locntion of marks amii'nd It
at Intervals of space to tueusure
periods of time. '
''). avut Israel took Its time
from the sundial is indicated by the
record of the miracle In Isaiah,
38:8.
"Behold, I will bring again .the
shadow of the degrees, which is
gone down In the sundial of Abaz,
ten degrees backward. So the sun
returned ten degrees, by which de
grees it was gone down."
"1 count none but the sunny
hours," suys the Inscription on tho
sundial at Paul's Cross, London.
And It was this cheerful fact that
put the sundial out of business.
It did very well as long as Tar
eans were making duys with Mal
sle Nutmegs, but the gay com
munity of liuhylon discovered the
fascinations of night life and right
away the sundial wouldn't do.
Niaht Ufa In Babylon
The Babylonians had to know
when It was midnight or run the
rUk of tardiness at the Midnight
Follies. Bo. the Babylonians In
vented the clepsydra about JJJOO
years ago.
Clepsydra means "thief of wa
ter." l'.y regulating the flow of
water through a tiny opening from
one vessel to another they found
they could measure time.
A Long Drink In Rome '
Pompey, the Jtoman, wa9 a busi
ness man, and had. the business
man's contempt for wordiness; so
he set up a clepsydra in the Roman
Law Court to limit speeches. When
an eloquent lawyer talked a quart
or the time It took some such
amount of water to run through the
clepsydra be bad to stop. Mar
tial, the poet, tells about a wag who
heckled a particularly tiresome
speaker. This speaker bad a habit
of moistening his mouth periodical
ly from the Court drinking glass.
"It would be a greater relief to the
rest of us It you drank from the
clepsydra," shouted the wag.
Some of the shyster lawyers used
to bribe the attendants to put nuid
dy water Into the clepsydra, so that
"time ran more slowly,'' and they
made longer speeches. Any ro.m
who has nshed for sund In A car
buretor can appreciate what tho
same substance would d to a
clepsydra.
A Wilier J Crandfatker Clock.
One of the earliett ef Americe'e
fine time keepers.
Alfred the Great Is reputed to
hare invented the candle clock, or
candle which burned a given dis
tance In a given time. The Ro
mans had preceded him with the
lamp clock, however, and the Chi
nese had the same idea ahead of
the Romans, burning a rope of uni
form texture. Any boy can tell
time the Chinese wuy by lighting
twine string and noting by clock
how fong It takes to consume the
first inch. After that as long as
the 6trlug lasts he can dispense
with the clock.
King Henry's Poker Stsslon
The origin of the mechanical
clock Is, like that of so many
things, 6hrouded In mystery. A
mechanical 'clock'. was Installed in
St. Paul's, London, In 123B. West
nilnster Abbey was so neroramodut
ed in 1283, and tho Cathedral of
Canterbury in .)2. Tho Westmin
ster clock not only kept time but
chimed the hours. King Henry
VIIL, who was a financial as well
us a m&trlmoninl plunger, gambled
the chimes away. He probably
would have lost the Abbey, too, if
bis .opponent could have taken it
home. '
Ell Terry was the first American
clock maker, but the most famous
early American clockniakers were
the Willards. AH were Nqw Eng
enders. Q
The clock which embodies the
latest Is It possible to say the
lust? word In time-recording is
the work of George S. Tiffany of
Summit, N. J., an Inventor of in
ternational reputation. He has
been working on electrical clocks
since a hoy, and In 1000 hit on the
principle around which he built the
clock, without weights or springs,
which runs a year or more without
attention. Other "electric" clocks
The meet modern da vice . for
reccrdtag time's flight operate on,
email battery. It haa aeitker
weights nor springs and runa
without winding,
had been built; but these were slra-
ply eld fashioned clocks wMcb were
wound up at Intervals by batteries.
Tiffany's clock is actually run by
a battery a small dry cell suck as
are used in flashlights. 9
The Clock That Is Never Wound
The circuit through . an electro
magnet Is alternately closed and
broken by a contact needle on a
torsional pendulum. With the clos
ing of the circuit, and the conse
quent energizing of the magnet, an s
armature is attracted and lifted
into contact with the'magnet. Tha
breaking of the circuit allows tha
armature to drop, under gravity,
and this drop revolves 'a ratchet
wheel which Is connected with tha
hands of the clock, a short distance.
The pendulum does no mechanical
work, acting only as a regulator,
end Is kept in motion by the open
ing and closing of the circuit. The
current consumption is from -one
and a half to one and three-quarters
ampere hours a year. One ot
these clocks has run two and a half
years on one battery. A clock la
Mr. Tiffany's home has kept perfect
time since 1009.
The first ' crude clock built by
Mr. Tiffany in 1902 is still In ex
istence. It is likely that It ' will
some time have a . place In the
Smithsonian Institute, along with
Howe's sewing machine, Whitney's
cotton gin and Lnngley's airplane.
as another revolutionary product
of American inventive genius. i
: : :-
NOTICE OF RESALE.
In the District -Court of the Tnite l
jBtatea for fhe Western District of North
J-'arolina.
In the matter of W. L. Ormanl,
Cankrupt.
yud?r and by virtue of an order 'mn!
ja the ebove-entitled prorcceilings,, the
AinJereigned trustee will, on the
f Second Pay of August,' 1922
iat 11 o'clock, a. m. expose for resale t
1he highest bidder for cash, at the Couit
Hours door ia Gastenie, N. C. the rover
ionary interest of W. L. Ormand, bank
yupt, in a efrtain tract or parcel of land
aituated in Crowdors Mountain Town,
idilp, Gastoo County, State of North
Varolina, and described as follows, to
Snt Beginning at a stake on the oM
"Jiaej thence North 6.1 East 43 poles to a
,take; thence North 2 West 11. J poles to
utake iu old line; Iheneo South .18 1-2
East 30 pole to a stake; thrnco South
32 East 66 poles to a slake; thence
South 42 East 6 poles to a stake; thence
South 381-2 Eatt 19 poles to a stake;
thenee South 9 West 2:5 1-2; thenoe
touth 82 West 27 poles to the beginning,
containing 25 acres, being the honiesten t
appraised and allotted to W. L. Or
mand, Way 18, lfend registered in
the Office of the. Register of Deeds for
Gaston County is, Ded Book 122 on parto
383. The purpose of this sale is to re
sell tilt reversionary interest in the suM
25 seres which is subject to the home
stead rights of the said W. L, jOrmanl,
fcankrupt, The sale will start with a
bid of 1101.00, tlje original bid of $l.n0
haviuK been udvHiicod $100.01) witiiin ten
days from the date of the first sale.
This tho 17th, dav of Julv. 1922.
JAY LIVENS,
TulS2.-c2. Trustee.
DELEGATION TO DISCUSS
FUNDING BRITISH DEBT
LONDON, July 17. A special dele
gation will arrive in the Unted States
early n September in connection with
the negotiations for funding the Bri
tish debt to America, it was annaunc
edby Prime Minister Lloyd Georg"!
in the House of Commons this afternoon.
HARDING BELIEVES IN
FUTURE OF FLYING
Expects Amazing Develop
ment In Air Travel Wants
United States To Lead In
Commercial Aviation.
NEW THOUGHT ALLIANCE
"ATLANTA, Ga., July 17. The ninth
annual congress of the International
New Thought Alliance was expected to
get under full way today with the arrival
of several international leaders. Dele
gates from virtually nil countries of Eu
rope and every state of the Union arc
here for tV congress widen- will continue
through tlis week,
At the Majestic Theater tonieht Dow
nard V Koscland Maids present "Mrs.
YondergouM's Reception," a musical
comedy in two acts, special vaudeville
features.
"At picnics and home f $p
parties, drink Mfl
Delicious and Refreshing v i$ I
The Castonia Coca Cola Bottling Co., Inc. S
Gaitonia, N. C Phone No. 139 I
NEW YORK, 'July 30. President
tr i! . . . . ...
ii.iiMiHi; nns njfuin given eviiienee or lua
ilR'lief in tho f ut tiro of Hying. The chit
i executive expects amninir develoonients
in air travel, and declares that each stago
of development demands iyproved means
of transport; he wants the I'nited Htato
to lead the world in eoinmereiall aviation.
He has expressed these viws in a lletter
to the Aeronautical (linmlier of t'om
merce of America, th txt of which fol
lows: .- " "The White House,
Washington,7-
"Gentlemen:
I finl ideasure in adding n word
expressive of my interest in aerial
transport, and in the presentation of
the nulijpct which is beinG made by t
the Aeronautical tlimnber of Coni
inerce. The history of civilizzntion
is largely the history of communica
tion. Each singe of progress seems
to demand and develop improved
means of transport. The steamship,
me railroad anil the motor car have
heen dvised and utilized. Now we
enter a new 'phase. It ig a real dis
tinction to America to he known ns
the birthplace of4ie airpllane; it
should he our concern ha tths art
shall not languish, but that in its
practical application we shall, lead
the world. An amazing develop
ment will take place i nthe near fu
ture in the utilizaton of the nir as
a medium of transport and commun
ication. As a government, we are
aiming to provide this art with nec
essary cnarantees of law, andwith
such facilities as may lie iKssible
through the encouragement of air- '
ways and terminals. But for air !
transport i,uickly to achieve the 1m- i
portant place it is destined to occu
py, it nia.-t have 'public interest nnd
support. I hope your efforts in this
behalf may be productive of most
gratifying results.
Very trulv vours,
WAltREX G. WARDING."
The Aeronautical 'Chamber of Com
merce was organized this year to "fos
ter, advance, promulgate and promote
aeronautics, and generally to do everj
act and thinjr which may be necessary
and proper for the advancement of
merican aviation." Starting with Or
ville Wright and Glenn II. Curtiss, the
pioneers, and several other leading air
craft designers and builders, the Cham
Iter now hag nearly 200 members located
in every state in the LTnion.
Possibly a sctre of factories today
have their own laboratories in which
s. ienlihts Sire working with trained per
sonnel making slight alteration in ma
chines or motors, the chamber says in a
statement given out in this city. These
men inot seeking to produce something
radical, but rather to improve the types
which have justified the basic, principles
on which they were built.
Approximately i500 civilliang are tak
ing lessons in flying at civilian aviation
fields this summer. The ('hnhmber es
timates that there are 1,200 civilian
owned nnd operated aircraft in the coun
try today.
The average charge per passenger a
year and a half nsro was fio cents a mile.
Iist year it was "'i cents, and it is be
lieved that the avernge this year will bo
about .50 cents. There has been slight
increase in terminal facilities so far this
year. The alministration is encouraging
local landing fields and national airways
wherever practical.
We doubt if anything can .look so
badly hattcred up as a speeding flivver
after a telephone pole has hit it in se'f-dcfens!;.-0ew
Orleans States.
KNOW NORTH CAROLINA CARO
LINA'S FOREIGN TRADE.
Jt may sound mechanical : to repeat
that North Carolina business men should
take more interest in tlio development of
foreign trade. Hut our principal money
crops, cotton ami tobacco, are exported
iu large quantities; while there are a
number of concerns in allied industries
that enjoy large foreign patronage
Of our raw cot ton over sixty percent is
shipped abroad. North Carolina tolm.
co is used in many foreign 'blends of tht
finished, product and th quality is so
much appreciated that the fact that Car
olina tobacco is used is almost invariably
advertised on the outer wrapper. Yet
this demand has grown naturally without
very much concerted effort on the part
of our business interests. Our place in
foreign markets hag now become so se
cure, however, that we can look beyond
New York an dthe larger financial cen
ters and begin vigorously to establish
direct -marketing arrangements between
grower and foreign merchant.
To this end, North Cnrolina hanks in
time should be able to take care of the
lolcal grower or dealer who wants to ex
port his product at a cost commensurate
w-ith sound business practices. In the
same way too, local growers should or
ganizes for the protection nnd further
ance of their interests. Foreign trade-
its possibilities, dangers and eeeentriei
jtiesshould studied as thoroughly as
iour home markets. Expert advice, rigid
I organization, and development of a grow
ing BriiLiiiii-iu ruiiiiiicive io export activi
ties, are all factors that contribute to
foreign exploitation. And in doing all
this we should try to look not always to
Federal aid, but to llocal individual initi
ative for our needs. In this way, we are
not only promoting a sturdier foreign
business but we arc -lso contributing tft
our own domestic well-being. More than
that we are helping to restore what is
now so greatly needed economic equilib
rium throughout the world. A. W. Mc
Lena. "-
TIRES &TUBES
As good on your
automobile as they
were onyour bicycle
MT. HOLLY GARAGE.
Mt. Holly ;
iw s i ii . zy V 1 1 i I I s i t i v I ! I
REG. U, S. PAT.J0FF.
- et3 n n rsa i chv n n r a i u -n. r-M vm rm mm
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