TONIA DAILY Q
fnrrvrr
Weather
Fair
Local Cotton
22 Cents
II
VOL. XLIII. NO. 183
GASTONIA, N. C, WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON, AUGUST 2, 1922
SINGLE COPY 5 CENTS
OAS
HA ROAD
THEIR REJECTION IS FINAL
AS TO HARDING'S TERMS
Standing: Firm On Third Proposal, With Refer
ence To Priority Rules
sion Again Today,
President Harding's
NEW YORK Aug. 2. In rejecting
the third section of President Harding's
proposals for ending the shopmcns strike,
the railroads are standing behind the
railroad labor - board, acording to rail
executives who pointed out today that the
board had told the men who refused to
Strike that they would have seniority
rights and permanent employment.
Spokesmen for the railroads stated
that the program adopted at the meeting
of the executives was final and that the
roads would act as a unit.
Associated Press dispatches from New
York this morning papers said:
"Railway executives of the nation to
day firmly but courteously rejected the
program advanced by the Harding ad
ministration for settlement of the rail
' Btrike. t
Willing to accept conditionally two
suggestions xut forward by the White
House that both sides abide by wage
decisions of the railroad labor board
and that tha law suits springing out of
the Btrike be withdrawn the heads cf
148 roads declared emphatically that it
was impossible; to reinstate strikers with
unimparied seniority rights,, the third
provision in the President's plan.
After being told by Robert S. Lovctt,
of the Union Pacific, that there was
no normal or practical reason for budg
ing from their position, tho ' executives
disbanded, caught the first trains for
their respective headquarters, and indi
cated that they were going ahead and
would operate their roads with the fores
they had assembled since the shopmen
walked out on July 1.
The decision not to yield on tlie ques
tion of seniority was made known to
the White House by telegraph after the
ruil heads had listened to a twenty-min
ute address by Secretary of .Commerce
Hoover, who, as direct representative of
the President told them, in effect that
the administration held the seniority
question of minor importance in com
parison with that of upholding the labor
'board. .
Letter From Harding.
This action, was taken in the face of
a letter from President Harding address
ed to T. DeWHt Cuyier, chariman of the
American Association of Railway Execu
tives, embodying "the terms of agree
ment, as I. understand them, upon which
the railway '.managers and united shop
craft workers are to agree preliminary
ttf calling off the existing .strike."
President Harding had closed his let
ter with these two . sentences:
''I hardly need to add that I have
reason to- believe these terms will be ac
I'prrfnd bv the workers. If there is good
reason why tho' managers cannot accept,!
they will be obliged to open direct ne
gotiations or iiasume full responsibility
for the situation."
CHICAGO, Aug. 2. (By The Asso
ciated Press) More than one hundred
union chiefs, headed' by B. M. Jewell,
leader of the striking railroad -simp
crafts workers, met here again todajto
act on President Harding 's plan for
settlement of the shopmen 's strike. Fol
lowing yesterday's session it was intimat
ed that formal acceptance of the plan
would be voted.
While this action by the. strikers was
thought probable in rail circles here,
new moves for peace were expected , to
come from the railroad executives and
from Washington. It was pointed oat
that definite rejection of the president's
propositi concerning restoration of seni
ority right to men who went, on strike
would leave tho next move to Mr. Hard-
" However, although chiefs of . 141 rail
roads at their meeting yesterday in New
York voted to reject the seniority pro
posal, the belief was current here that
this did not constitute the executive's
final word in the matter.
HOOVER LOOKS FOR
"uu NO ACTION TODAY
WASHINGTON, Aug. 2. (By the
Associated Press.) .Secretary Hoover
after reporting to President Harding
today on the railway executives' meet
ing yesterday in New York which the
commerce secretary attended as the rep
resentative of thcpresidnt, said lie did
not look for any action during the day
by the' executives in the rail strike
situation. . '
TOPEKA, Kans., Aug. 2. Assur
ances to all new employes in service of
the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe
railroad that their seniority rights will
be "fully protected' was contained in
a notice posted at the Santa Fe shops
here today.
..ir Ti-rt-v- a -l. n r
VAJ utnu-', art., Aug. . '
cprauiCJ. IU tan uuil'li nun aiiil'll vy uio
brother Will Spradley. the latter a strik
ing shopman, was probably fatally woun
ded in au exchange of shots precipitated
when a crowd ef more than 100 men ga
thered in the yards of the Missouri Pa
cific Railroad here early today and ap
proached a bailing guared by a deputy
Unite States Marshal and in which a
number of non-union shop workers were
Loused.
More than 150 shots were fired dur
ing teh 20 minutes the battle was in pro
gress. Information as to whether any
of those within the shops were wounded
Las not been obtained.
.Jul Htional guards were idaee arouid
EXECUTIVES SAY
Union Chiefs, In Ses
Will Probably Accept
Proposal.
CIVITAN CLUB STARTS
Y. M. G. A. TALK GOING
Hears From Trustees Of Y. M.
C. A. Status Of the Proposi
tion In Gastonia Allen
Boosts Carolinas Exposition.
The usual bi-weekly luncheon of the
Civ'tan club, held in tho Baptist An-"
nex Tuesday noon, was replete with in
terest. Attendance was up to the aver
age, and a number of visitors were pres
ent. As special guests of the club, Dr.
C E. Adams, Jas. D. Moore and W.
Y, Warren, Trustees of the Y. M. C.
A.i and Secretary Fred M. Allen of the
Chamber of Commerce, were present.
Secretary Allen spoke entertainingly of
the comiug Made-in-CaroIinas exposition,
and bespoke the influence and co-operation
of all present. He said the indica
tions pointed very strongly to the prob
ability of Gaston having the premier ex
hibit at the exposition, and urged that
everyone bo present if possible on Gas
ton County Day in Charlotte. The ex
position was unanimously endorsed by
the club, which placed itself on record
as hopeful of being able to attend in a
body.
Dr. Adams, and his fellow trustees,
gave eivitans and their guests a history
of the old Y. M. C. A,, and an in
sight into its present financial condition.
The trustees stated that they would wel
come with open arms any constructive,
feasible plan, whereby Gastonia could
lie guaranteed a Y. M. C. A. in keep
ing with the needs of the. city. Other
aiwakers discussed the proposition, and
it was emphasized that the Civitan club
did not propose to start a campaign for
a new Y. - M. C. A., nor did it wish
to ask its sister organizations to join in
such a movement, until it had been de
termined that the time was ripe and
a workable plan had been drawn up.
The club has the proposition under ad
visement, and hopes to be able to recom
mend 'a plan, or make some suggestion,
that will be helpful in solving a prob
lem that has given so much concern to
the citizens of Gastonia.
YEAR'S COTTON EXPORTS
INCREASED MILLION BALES
Shipments Totalled 6,500,000
Bales For Year Ending
June 30 Value $596,000,
000, Largest In Years.
WASHINGTON Aug. 2. Exports of
raw cotton during the fiscal year ended
June ISO, increased by 1,000,000 bales as
compared with previous twelve months,
according to a report issued today by
the Commerce department.
Cotton exports aggregated 6,500,000
baVs valued at $596,000,000 as compared
with 5,400,000 bales worth $600,000,000
during the previous year. June exports
totalled 491,000 bales at $52,000,000
against 495,000 bales at $30,000,000
during June a year ago.
Bituminous coal exports fell by more
than 21,000,000 tons, aggregating 13,
000,000 tons valued at $68,000,000. An
thracite exports during the year "aggre
gated 3,000,000 worth $32,000,000.
STATE RESTS IN PEAKE
MURDER CASE TODAY
WINSTON-SALEM, N. C., Aug. 2.
After devoting fifteen hours to the
taking of evidence for the prosecution
in the case of J. L. Peake, alleged
murderer of H. B. Ashbura, superin
tendent of the local office of a Greens
boro insurance company, the state rested
at the close of the morning session of
rorsyth.superior court.
The most important evidence in
duced against the defendant this morn
ing was given by G. T. Thompson,
who was assoeiaW with Ashburn in tho
hwal agency. He testified that Peake
after his dismissal from the company's
employ borrowed his bunch of kevs,
containing one to the postoffiee box
here and also keys to the company's
office in this city. This whs hrmiirht
out by the state to show that Peake
had sufficient time to have duplicate
keys made.
Mrs". Peake, wife of the defendant,
who has been ill at her home in Chat
tanooga, possibly will come here to tes
tify in her husband's behalf.
It was thought the defendant's coun
sel would place Peake on the stand this
afternoon in aa effort to prove the
strong vircunistantial evidence against
Peake was a case of mistaken identity.
WASHINGTON, Aug. 2. Passage
of the administration tariff bill by the
M?natethis month seemed to be almost
(certain today as a result of agreements
'readied separately by republican and
dinoeratie leaders. " .
THE WEATHER
$150,000 SCHOOL BOND
ISSUE IS CARRIED BY
HANDSOME MAJORITY
Vote In Yesterday's Election
Was Four To One
For Bonds.
ONLY 4 VOTES . AGAINST
Money To Be Used In Erec
tion Of New Houses
At Once.
Iiy a votq of almost four to one tho
proposed issue of $150,000 school bonds
by the city of Gastonia carried yesterday
As a matter of fact thero were Just
four votes cast against the measure out
of a total registration of 563. That
was exactly one vote against in each of
the four boxes and that was the manner
in which they were distributed. The
vote stood 443 for bonds, 4 4 a gainst
bonds and 116 not voting. As this was
a special election with a special regis
tration, those who registered and failed
to vote are counted as voting against
the measure. As a matter of fact a
great many people are out of tho city
on their vacations and tins accounts
doubtless for a large percentage of the
116 not voting.
The funds to be derived from the
sale of this bond issue will be used
to erect at once two new school build
ings, one in. West Gastonia of 12 or
14 rooms to take care; of the overflow
from the West Gastonia school, and one
in South Gastonia to take care of the
demands in the section occupied by tho
Clara, ..Dunn and Armstrong mills.
Plans have already been prepared for
these structures and the city school
board plans to begin work on them in
the very near future. They expect to
have the buildings ready for occupancy
early in January.
The vote by precincts was as follows:
Gastonia No. 1: For 158, against 1,
not voting 14.
Gastonia No. 2: lor 02, against 1,
not voting 21.
Gastonia No. 3: For 160, against 1,
not voting 54.
Gastonia No. 4s' lor 7J, against 1,
not voting 27.
ONE DEAD, MANY HURT
IN AUTO ACCIDENT
HICKORY, N. C, Aug. 2. Hal
lett Sawyer, 14 years old, of Elizabeth
City, is dead, ' Ralph Cox, 13, of Win
ston-Salem, is in a hospital at Shulls
Skills, probably fatally injured, Ralph
Caviness, of Wiikesboro, has a leg
broken and six or eight other members
of a party of 24 persons arc suffering
from minor injuries 'as a result of a
motor truck accident fifteen miles this
side ' of Grandfather Mountain yestcr
day, according to a telephone message
received here today.
ST. LOUIS TAKES
FOURTH STRAIGHT
Win Over Reds and Increase
Lead Over Yanks Detroit
and Athletics Tied For
Third Place.
NEW YORK, Aug, 2. Behind Ray
Kolp's steady hurling, the St. Louis
Browns won their fourth straight game
from the Red Sox and increased their
lead over the Yankees, whose game with
Chicago was halted in the fourth frame
by rain, to two full games. The St.
Louis Nationals, idle because of rain,
profited by the Pirates' fourth consecu
tive victory over the Giants ami are
within a few percentage points of first
place.
Cobb's men, with Cobb himself lead
ing in the batting attack, made a clean
sweep of the four gniae series with the
Athletics and went into a tie with the
White Sox for third place in the league
race. Cobb's two hits increased Lis
record of hitting in consecutive games
to 16. -The
Browns' victory was marked by
Williams' twenty-seventh home run,
placing hun in a tie With Rogers Horns
by of the Cardinals for major league
circuit blows. '
Cleveland took another heavy hitting
encounter from the Senators, 17 to 3.
Gardner, the Indian third Backer, led
the attack on the Washington hurlers
with a homer, three doubles and a sin
gle in five times at bat.
The Braves came out of their slump
to defeat the Reds, 3 to 2.
TEN ESTHONIAN ' SPYS"
SENTENCED TO DEATH
PETROGRAD, Aug. 2. (By The As
sociated Press) The revolutionary Tri
bunal has sentenced to death ten mem
bers and emplayes of the Esthonian re
patriation mission after conviction upon
charges of espionage. Eighteen others
accused of systematic smuggling of
values, saccaharine and other goods into,
Russia, were given prison sentences, while
13 were acquitted. The trials lasted a
week. .
CHICAGO, Aug. 2. (By The "Associ
ated Press) Chiefs of the striking rail
emplayes today voted' to accept President
Harding's proposals for ending the rail
road strike and appointed a committee
to draft the text of the acceptance and
forwae. it to the president immeiatcly.
Senator Crowd Dead.
UNIONTOWN, Pa., Aug. 2. Unit
ed States Senator William E. Crow died
at his country home in the mountsirs
Soviet Leader
f. r
Alexander Orlgorawitacri Vchllch
ter Is a new force in the Ufalrs of,
the Russian Communist He baa
been. naml Soviet minister to
Vienna -.- -. '
SOUTHERN RAILWAY IN
GRAVE SITUATION AS
TO YESTERDAY'S MOVE
While Other Roads Used
Strikebreakers, It -,
Waited.
HIRED NO NEW WORKERS
Its Policy Is Penalized By Its
Efforts To Avoid a
Conflict. ;
WASHINGTON, Aug. 1. An uncom
monly grave situation, some people ap
prehend, tonight confronts the Southern
Railway Company,
There has been a feeling all along that
the Southern might in the end find
itself penalized for its efforts to avoid
a conflict with the striking shopmen.
Just this state of affairs is precipitated
by the action of the executives in re
jecting the Harding formula.
Many of ho roads have been taking
on new men" and are therefore in better
position to stand a prolongaMou of ,Ahc
strike." During the Inst 48 lidurs Tltc
Southern has experienced a great deal
of difficulty in observing any eort of
schedule.
The road and its men would be free
to negotiate a separate settlement, - but
the question is at .all .limes 'uppermost
whether any such enterprise would hold
a promise of success in view of tho atti
tude of the national officers of the shop
crafts, ' .
; It cannot be said, however, that the
action of the executives caused an
emotion of surprise to run through the
general office of the Southern. Last
night allusion was made in this corre
spondence to the formal statement pro
mulgated by the labor board on July H,
to the fatalistic attitude of many of
the executives, aud to the determination
of others to stand out against accept
ance of the White House views concern
ing seniority. To understand what has
happened one must go back to that
labor board utterance, when it was tie-
dared that the shopmen, by their own
action, had "automatically abandoned
all. the rights they possessed under their
agreements and under the decisions of
this board, including their eenioaty. .'
This was the utterance of a govern
mental agency for whose supremacy the
president is constantly contending. It
is declared for the executives that they,
together with their shop .foremen and
supervisors, represented to the men who
remained loyal and to the new men
who accepted employment, that tiny
would have the support, not only of!
the road officials but of tho . federal
government, as represented and exempli
fied in the labor board.
The executives have pointed out, too,
that whereryi they desire above all things
to range themselves on , the side of law
and order, and while they4 hold in dei-p
reverence the constituted authorities,
they have wanted to know "when" they
are expected to bow to the mandates
of the federal government on July 8
or on August 1 .
For these and kindred ..reason's some
have believed, while others have feared.
that the excutives would do just as they
have done. And this fear, as reflected
m this correspondence, ohtaiueu right
along when many, were indulging the
prophecy that tho strike troubles would
all vanish today.
Such prophecy emanated from the
White House iu the main, and there the
wish was father to the thought.
COTTON MARKET
CLOSING BIDS ON THE
NEW YORK MARKET
NEW YORK, Aug. 3. Cotton fu-
ures closeil barely -steady.. Hpots quiet,
50 points down. October 21.79; De
cember 21.77; January 21.55; March
21.02; May 21.41. Bpots 22.05.
Receipts
Price ..
. 3 bales
22 cents
ONE KILLED IN FIGHT
IN RAILROAD YARDS
VAX BUR EN, Ark., Aug. 2. One
man was killed and another -wounded
during a gun fight in the Missouri
Pacific Railroad yards' here early today
in whii'h it win n1d ISO Khnt were
CONGRESSMAN PADGETT
OF TENNESSEE DIES AT
DIS WASHINGTON HOME
Was War -Time Chairman
Of the House Naval
Committee.
IN CONGRESS 22 YEARS
Won Attention By Opposing
Decrease In Personnel
Of Navy.
WASHINGTON Aug. 2. Representa
tive Lemuel P. Padgett, of Tennessee,
died early tdduy at his home here.
Air. Pudgett, who was' war-time chair
man of the house naval committee had
been ill at his residence for two months.
The body will be taken to his home at
Columbia, for burial.
First elected from the Seventh Tennes
see istrict to the 07th congress, Mr.
Padgett had served continously for twen
ty two years. Ho was the dean of his
delegation.
Because of his-illness he had been un
able to return to Tennessee to conduct
his campaign for re-nomination in tho
state primary set for tomorrow. While
he had opposition it is believed there was
little danger of his defeat.
In the recent house fight over the naval
appropriation bill, Mr. Padgett attracted
attention by standing firm against ef
forts to reduce the personnel of the navy
below the figure which the president-und
tho department regarded as unwise. Al
though most members of his party voted
to cut the enlisted force, Mr, l'udgett
opposed it, declaring his experience as
former head of the naval committee con
vinced him the country could not afford
to "go u.s low" as the fnimers of tUv
bill had contemplated.
The following sketch of the late con
gressman is from the, latest edition of
the Congressional Directory:
Lemuel Phillips Padgett, Democrat, Of
Columbia, Tcnn., Was born November
28 7885 in Columbia Tenn.; attended the
ordinary private schools of the county
till October, 1873, when he entered the
sophomore class of Erskine College, Due
Wes, S. graduating in 1876 with the
degree of A. B. which college also in
Juno 1916, conferred upon him tho hon
orary degree of LL.1X; began tho study
of law in September, 1876 and was li
censed to practice in March, 1877, but
did not begin active practice until Janu
ary, 1879 on November 11, 1880, was
married to Miss Ida B. Latta, of Colunv
bia: was one of the Democratic presiden
tial electors iu 1884; in 1898 was elected
to the State senate and served during
the term. Was a member of the National
Monetary Commission and a Regent of
the Smithsonian Institution. Wes elect
ed to the 57th and all succeeding sessions
of the United States Congress.
API) PADGETT-'..:. .... ..
Informed of Mr. Padgett's death, Act
in; Secretary Iloosjevclt of the navy
said:
"I am deeply' grieved to hear of the
death of Congiessman Padgett, 'The
navy has lost an able and true friend.
When matters of. national interest came
tin for consideration, .Congressman. Pud
gett based his actions 'on one considera
tion and only by patriotism.-'
swansonTefeats
DAVIS FOR SENATOR
Returns, Though Incomplete,
Indicate That Former Gov
ernor Of Virginia Is Beat
By 40,000.
RICHMOND, Aug. 2. Returns re
ceivuti by J he ews lA-ailer last nigiit
and early today from yesterday's demo
cratie tinmarv indicate that Senator
Claude' -A. Sanson won the nomination
for a seat in the United Mtates Senate
over his opponent, former C-overnor West
moreland Davis, by a majority of 40,000,
On the strength of returns today it is
hetfived the senator carried all ten of
the congressional districts in the state
and at least 90 of the 100 counties in
the commonwealth.
Returns from the second and sixth
congressional races show that Congress
man J. T. lenl, U h ading his opponent
Assistant Attorney General J. D. Hank
by more than 3,00 majority in the second
and that Judge W. A. Woodrum hold
a narrow lead over Congressman James
i Wods in the sixth. The Woods mana
gers, however, claim the rural districts,
which had not been heard from early
today would carry the incumbent into
the lead.
TEN MEN KILLED iN
TUG BOAT EXPLOSION
NEW YORK. Aug. 2. Teu men
were rejiorted killed today 'in -an explo
sion on a tug boat at the foot of Gold
street, Brooklyn,
The tug, which was owned by & local
towing company, sank almost immedi
ately after the explosion.
The fon-e of 'the explosion shattered
windows in nearby buildings. Po!ice
and lire boats immediately started to
search for bodies.
Sutherland Leading.
CHARLESTON, W. Ya., Aug. 2.
Senator Howard Sutherland today kept
the lead in the republican senatorial
contest as returns came slowly from
yesterday's general' prima ry. His vote
in 1,107 of the 2,0!W precincts was 37,
7.U to :;n.0!3 for II . C. Oed.m his
DR. ALEXANDER
OF
DEAD AT AN
INVENTOR
Ridiculed Less Than Fifty Years Ago When He
Said People Could Talk To Each Other Long
Distances By Wire, He Lived To See His
Invention In Universal Use.
SYDNEY, N. S., Aug. 2. Dr. Alex
ander Graham Bell, inventor of the tele
phone died at 2 o 'clock this morning at
Beiun-Bhreagh his estate near Bacjdeck.
Although the inventor had been in
failing health for several months ho had
not been confined to bed aud the end
was unexpected. Late yesterday after
noon however, his condition became scii
ous aud Dr. Kerr of Washington, a
cousin of Mrs. Bell, a house guest and
a Sydney physician attended him.
With Mr. Bell when he died were Mrs.
Bell, a daughter, Mrs. Marina Hubbard
Fairchild and her husband, David G.
Fairchild of Washington. The inventor
leaves another daughter Mrs. Elsie M,
Grosvenor, wife of a Washington maga
zine editor. .
Funeral plans had not been completed
this morning but it was understood that
burial would be made in Washington.
Dr. Bell's laboratories have been lo
cated since 1886 near Baddeck Cape
Breton. Thero for many years he con
ducted research and experiment ia acricl
locomotion and other scientific subjects
and maintained his private museum show
ing the development of his groatest in
ventions. Ho encouraged Samuel P.
Langley to invent the first flying ma
chine and declared after witnessing its
flight at Quantico, Va., in 1896, that the
age of the airplane was at hand, although
Langley 's machine was destroyed.
Dr. Bell formed in 1907 the Aerial
Experiment Association with headquar
ters in Cape Breton and its object to
learn to fly. It is claimed that it was with
the ninchines developed by that associa
tion that the really successful public
flights of airplanes in America were
uiade.
In the world war Dr. Boll and F. W.
Baldwin invented a boat ealled a hydro
drome which developed a speed of 70
miles an hour and was called the fastest
in the world. It used as airplane pro
peller and carried beneath it a series
of planes which lifted its main body
above the water as its speed increased.
It was intended for submarine chasing
and scouting but tho armistaee prevent
ed its use for those purposes. ,
WASHINGTON, Auff. 2. News of
the death of Dr, Alexander Graham Bell
at his summer place and laboratories at
Baddeck, Nova Scotia, came as a shock
to the scientists many friends and as
sociates in Washington although they
knew he had been i a failing health for
several months. At a birthday luncheon,
some months Ago Dr. Bell's friends wew
surprised to ,r see that . ho ; had become
feeble from old age during the last year
ami that his remarkable vigor was fast
disappearing.
Officials of the National Geographical
Society in which Dr. Bell was prominent
received word of his cleatn in private au
vices from Baddeck.-Dr. -Bolls homo here
is closed for the summer.
Presient Thayer of the American Tele
phone and Telegraph tympany on hear
ing of Dr. Bell's death ordered all the
subsidiary corporations of the! Bell sys
tem throughout the United States to half
mast flags on their buildings.
David S. Fairchild the agricultural
explorer, one of Dr. Bell's sons in-law, ;
telegraplieu me ueognipiiH-m owiti,T
that the famous inventor died at i
o'clock this morning of anemia. Mrs.
Fairchild, who was Marion Bell, and
Mrs. Bell were with Dr. Bell when the
end came. Dr. Bell's other daughter,
Mrs. Gilbert II. Grosvenor of Wash
ington, is with her husband in Brazil.
No funeral arrangements have ieeu
announced but it is expected that Dr.
Bell's body will be brought to Wash
ington for burial.
Alexander Graham Bell lived to see
exieriments which he began with a dead
man's ear less than fifty years ago
result in a means of communication for
millions of long distance telephone con
versations daily in all parts of the
world. The possibility of talking over
wire, ridiculed then as a dream by
almost everybody except Bell, becamo
during his lifetime a reality common-
pla-e and marvellous.
The Bell basie patent. Known in tne
records at Washington as No. 174,465,
has been called tho-most valuable single
patent ever issued in the whole history
of invention. There are today over
thirteen million telephone instruments.
through which billions of telephone con
versations are carried on f.ach year.
Means of communication had been a
hobby in the Bell family long before
the inventor of the telephone was born.
Two generations back, Alexander.: Bell
became noted for inventing a system
for overcoming stammering speech,
while his son, Alexander Melville Bill,
father of the inventor xf the telephone,
perfected a system of visible speech, '
With this heritage, the son, born in
Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1847, undertook
similar experiments while still a lad.
He constructed an artificial skull of
gutta-percha and Iudia rubber . that
would pronounce several words iu weird
tone when blown into by a hand be!-,
ows. At the age-of sixteen he be
came, like his father, a teacher or eio
cution.'and au instructor of deaf mutes.
Bell reavhed a crisis in his life at
the age of 22, when he was threatened
with tuberculosis. The white plague
caused the death of Lis two brothers
and the Bell family migrated to Brant
ford. Csnad-'i , I
GRAHAM BELL
THE TELEPHONE
ADVANCED AGE
Charles Wheatstone, the English inven
tor of the telegraph, fired the young
elocutionist with ambition to invent a
musical, or multiple, telegraph, which
eventually turned out to be a telephone.
His father whilo giving a lecture in
Boston, proudly mentioned the sou 's
success iu teaching London deaf mutes.
This led the Boston Board of Educa
tion to offer tho young Bell 500 to
introduce his system in the newly
opened school for deaf mutes. He was
then 24 years old, and instantly beeama
the educational sensation of the day.
He was appointed a professor in Boston
University, and opened his instantly
successful "School of Voeal Physiol
ogy. '.' :.'
But teaching interfered with his in
venting, and he soon gave up all but
two pupils. One of these was Mallei
Hubbard, of a wealthy family. She
had lost her hearing and speech in an
attack of scarlet feve while a baby.
It was site who later became Bell's
wife.-,' .'.. .
Bell spent tho following three years
In night work in a cellar in Salem,
Mass. His money-needs were met by
Gardiner G. Hubbard, his futuro father-in-law,
and Thomas Sanders, the owner
of the cellar. As ho worked ho began
to see the possibility of conveying '
speech over an electrically charged wiro
the telephone. He used a dead man's
car for a transmitter. 1
'If I can make a deaf mute talk,"
Bell had declared, MI can make- iron
talk.."
His first success came whilo testing
his instruments in his new quarters in
Boston; Thomas A. Watson, Bell's
assistant, had struck a clock spring at
one end of the wire, and Bell was elec
trified to hear the sound in another
room. For forty weeks the instrument
struggled, as it were, for human speech.
Then on March 10, 1876, Watson be
came almost insane with joy when he
heard over the wire Bell's voice saying:
'Mr, Watson, come here, I want
you." .': -.
On his 29th birthday, Bell received
his patent. It was at the Centennial
Exposition held at Philadelphia, two
months later, where men of science the
world over who had come to examine
aud study the numerous inventions ex
hibited, saw Prof , Bell give a practical
demonstration of the .transmission, of the
human voice by electricity." ,
As for Bell himself, he had not plan
ned to .attend the Centennial at all.
Ho was poor ami he had reorganized his
classes in, , vocal .sieeh; v ;Tiiv$rd the
end of Juno he iweiitot4 th station to
see Miss Hubbard off for Philadelphia.
There had been some talk of his going,
but he had put it quietly aside. She
believed he was 'going; when they
reaced the station sha pleaded with him
and was refused. As he put her aboard 1
the train aud it moved out, leaving him
on the platform, she burst out crying.
Bell dashed after her and sprang aboard
the train, without baggage, ticket or
any other trifles.
: The next Sunday afternoon Bell was
promised an inspection of his invention
by the judges of exhibits. It was a
deal. Some of them were for going
hot day and the judges had seen a great
Home; one jeered, ana there was a
general boredom. Then there appeared
th blond-bearded Emperor of Brazil,
with outstretched hands. He had heard
some of Bell's lectures in Boston; the
deaf-mute work appealed to him. , His
greeting made a stir. Bell made ready
for the demonstration. A wire had
been strung the length of the room.
Bell took tho transmitter; Dom Pedro
placed the receiver to his ear. Ha
started up amazed.
Afterward Lord . Kelvin plain Wil
liam Thompson then took up the re
ceiver. He was the engineer of the
first Atlantic cable. v '
. : He nodded his head sohnenly as he
got up . ,
"It does speak," he said emphatic
ally. "It is the most wonderful thing
I have seen in America."
The judges took turns talking aud
listening until 10 that night. Next
morning the telephone was brought to
the judges' pavilion. It was mobbed
by scientists the remainder of the sum
mer. The distinguished inventor was the re
cipient of many honors in this country
and abroad. The French government,
ever quick to recognize science, confer
red on him the decoration of the Le
gion of Honor, the French Academy
bestowed on him its valuable Volta prize
of 50,000 francs, the Society of Arts
iu London in 1902 gave him its Alliert
medal and the University of Wurzburg,
Bavaria, gave him a Ph. D.
One of the curious things arxnit the
invention of the telephone is that Boll
knew almost nothing about electricity
when he started. He knew a great deal
about acoustics, though, and the forma
tion of the humau organs of speech
aud hearing. Bell was called to Wash
ington once when he was in the slough
of despond and took the opportunity to
call on i'rof, Joepu Henry, who Knew
as much about electricity and tlw tele
graph as auy nui.t then alive.. Henry
told him he had the germ of a gr ,t
invention.
"But." said Bell, "I lave" not g t
the electrical knowledge -that i ii
sary.
! U