Newspapers / Daily Tar Heel (Chapel … / Nov. 24, 1909, edition 1 / Page 4
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N. e. Wins Another Series (Continued from first page) principle. And the principles involved are these: (1) Life is organic; it is an expression of inner principle an un folding-of ' nature; (2) Government is necessary to progress iu human life; the very nature of men renders it -impossible for them to live together peac ably and make progress without the existence of an agency of justice and unified activity; (3) Taxation is neces sary to government, it must have some source of revenue and can not engage in industry or depend on voluntary contributions. (4) It therefore follows a comparatively strong financial situ ation among the states. On the other hand, the continued undermining of the present national revenue system was referred to, disclosing the imper ative need for additional sources from the Federal standpoint. In conclusion, in a few words, it was agreed that a Federal Income Tax could be forcibly and effectively ad ministered by the central government Mr. Barnett clinched the argument for Carolina in the following words Not only is the inheritance tax by nature essentially a state tax, but the states recognizing it as theirs have one by one appropriated it until today no " ? I less than thtrty-six states are deriving out oi, anu express, iuc uaimcu, revenue from it gOVClUIUCU.-wxa. lUv Vi , inheritance tax knds itself a natural activity or government. ., , , . . ; .. , it . . d udiuu. aw . .j & 1 easily to administration by the state Then, what of our government and because of the intimate relation of the its system of taxation? In the United stale to inheritances must in their States matters of local interest are lett to the jurisdiction of the states, and matters of national interest to that of the nation; Pennsylvania manages her own schools, and North Carolina man ages hers, but no state assumes to deal with foreign powers. Then, from our principle of taxation, the people of each state must support their own state government. And all the people of the United States must support the United States government. That is, the states must levy taxes local in their nature, and the national government taxes national in their nature, j The taxes of our states and of our nation have always been local and national, respectively. In times of war, or for war expenses, this has sometimes not been true; but these exceptions have served chiefly to emphasize our. princi ple that each government is to secure its revenue from that field over which it exercises jurisdiction. What, then, is the nature of our in heritance tax? An inheritance tax is a tax on the transfer of property at in heritance. Then, its nature is local or national, according as the transfer of property is local or national in its nature. ' And the transfer of property is unconditionally local in its nature. The national constitution has nothing to say on the subject, Congress ; has and can have no laws on the subject, the federarcourts have no jurisdiction, but that of the state courts is final. Then an inheritance tax is local in its nature. And this fact is intensified by the consideration that property itself, aside from its transfer, is a local instir tution. Then, since the states and only the states, in the United States, can and must levy local taxes, in the very na ture of the case, the states and only the states can levy inheritance tax. The second speaker on the affirma tive was Mr. Koschwitz who advanced the argument of the affirmative as fol lows: Emphasis was placed in the second speech of the affirmative upon the needs of the Federal Government primarily as opposed to those of the States. The fact, that thru evasion of existing taxes and thru, undervaluation of real and personal property, the com monwealths have been unable fully to j avail themselves of the real sources of revenue, was brought in. Entrusting to their care, therefore, another form of taxation was regarded, by the sec transfer pass thiu the state probate courts; they afford a field of state tax ation where evasion and under asses ment can be eliminated and where col lection can be made certain, conven ient and inexpensive. The States have been led to resort to the inheritance tax by imperative and growing need for additional sources of revenue. We would have you consid er over against the alleged approach ing need of the federal government the present pressing need of the state governments. The expenses of the states must in the nature of things grow much more rapidly than those of the federal government since "upon them devolves the lion's share in our educational and industrial develop ment." Since 1890 the annual in crease in state and expenditures by the enormous sum of $138,000,000 and in the meantime state and local indebted ness has practically doubled. In the taxation of imports, excesses and interstate commerce then, we have "three sources of revenue which, supplemented by a judicious ' use of public credit, are ! inadequate to all needs, both ordinary and extraordin ary .that can present themselves to the federal g-overnment." Let us then accept this tax on in terstale commerce and leave unmolest ea to tue states the inheritance tax which by every standard of sound rea soning and every direction of com mon expediency is theirs and must be reserved to them if local self govern ment is to t haveyts consummnation among the free people of America As an additional source of federal revenue we propose a tax on inter state corporations instead of the in heritance tax proposed by the affirma tive. In adopting such a tax the fed eral government levies a tax, certain in its returns, capable of almost any degree of productivity, and in its nature essentially a federal, and in no respect a state tax. Congress moreover has just taken a first step toward ; such a tax by levying an emergency tax on all corporations doing an annual? net business of more than $5000.00. The Scate's need of the inheritance tax is become increasingly imperative because of the failure of the general property tax from which ' they have derived most of their revenue in the past. This is an irremedial failure, despite every effort ! of the States, ond: speaker, as merely aggravating, it has become less and 1 less 'produc the" present problems with which tive of revenue, v they must contend. 1 The States have found in the in- Through the citation of figures, heritance tax a rich revenue producer, the last speaker attempted to reveal i" some instances deriving - from it as much as 8 , 15, and l() per cent of their total tax receipts. Its yield moreover has shown a strong tendency to double once each half decade since 1885. It has became a necessary part of our state fiscal system, The federal government has no real need of the inheritance tax as a reven ue producer. Its revenue as well as its expenses have steadily grown with the growth of the nation. During the past three decades, for instance, altho the federal expenditures have trebled, fe deral revenues have not only been sufficient tomeet this enor mous growth but actually to reduce our public debt from thirty-eight dol lars to ten dollars per capita. ; In its excise tax, the federal government has a flexible tax capable of a much higher degree of productivity when necessary. The enormous growth in the volume of our imports will offset any reduction in our tariff which may occur. After these first speeches were over the orchestra soothed the minds of the audience and gave the debaters a few moments in which to collect themselves for rebuttal. Mr. Hoover came first on rebuttal and spent his time well in summarizing his own arguments and rebutting those of his opponents. As always, Carolina's strength was in her rejoinder. Highsmith pointed out the fallacy in the argument of the opposition and he made their position untenable at once. - Mr. Koschwitz did what he could to stem the tide but he was unequal to the occasion. The debate was clinched for Carolina when Barnett simply tied things up in a proof and sealed them with the white and the blue. The Carolina men won their debate as Carolina always does. They sim ply sank their shaft to bed rock and took ' their stand. Who " could cut their support from under them? They just found the basic principle of the whole question and built their struc ture on that and the result was an argument irrefutable. Henry S.nith, representing the J. "Van Lindlcy Co., of Greensboro, will take your order fur all kinds of cut flowers at very reasonable prices. Banquets for N. e. Teams (Continued from first page) bate, the members of the debating Un. ion, the faculty committee on debate and all Carolina debaters on the Hill' comprised the number at the festal board. All the members of the teams were heard from and they held up their record of oratory even after their ex haustive efforts in Gerrard Hall rast a few minutes before. Some of the oth ers present also had a few words to say in praise of a most excellent debate. In the Phi Society Saturday night the query "" was, Resol ved : That the centralization of railroads is beneficial. k The judges .vj' decided that the affirmative won, that Mr Highsmith made the best speech. Mr. Hughes obtained honorable mention. The Sigma Nu Fraternity gave a banquet Saturday night. Dr. Archibald Henderson acted as toastmaster. .Besides the active members there were present, Dr, VV, deB. McNider, J. G. Tooly! law '09, R. M. Wilson, '09. and Fred Henry of Ohio State Univer sity. The occasion proved a bril liant success. UNIVERSITY DRUG CO. Carries a full linea of the l)tst Cigars Cigarettes, and Tobacco. Agent for Two-iu-One Safety Razor: Count on 'm o fill your prescriptions promptly. Sunday Hourn: S to U:30 A. M., 12 to 2:0Q P. M. E.M EUR ITT, Manager Doctor William Lynch, DENTIST. Office in Kluttz Block chapel jul BOYS ! See "Long" Bill Jones for Pressing and Cleaning. Work done satisfactorily. $1.00 per month. Repairing and darning neatly done at small extra cost. Shop in rear of Kluttz Building. The H o 1 1 a d a y St u d i o SUCCESSORS TO "COLE AND IIOLLADAY" Gallery will be open every Wednesday of each week, . beginning Wednesday, October 28th. HIGH GRADE WORK ONLY. Prices reasonable. A fine set of view of the campus and buildings on sale at all times GALLERIES AT BOTH DURHAM AND CHAPEL HILL 1765 University of Pennsylvania SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1909 Undergraduate Department. The One Hundred and Forty-fifth tension, will legin September, 23 1910. The course of instruction, extending over four annual anions of eight and one-half months each, is a carefully graded and eminently practical one, beginning with the fund mental branches with full laboratory exercises, proceeding through a comprehensive sys t-Mi of clinical instruction in winch ward and bedside instruction and individual work on tin; part cf the students form a large part, and terminating in the Fourth Year with the assignment of students as clinical clerks in the Hospital. A large proportion (more 'than 83 pir cent.) of the graduating classes secure positions as internes in hospitals, Entrance requirements embrace a minimum of two years of college work, including two languages other than English ( French or German must be one of these) and ' at least om yearof study with appropriate laboratory work in PhysicsGeneral Biology or Zoology anJ (reneral and Inorganic Chemistry (meluding Qualitative Analysis). For Further informnt ion, apply to the Dean of ike School of Medicine, University af Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. THE PICKWIK High class motion pictures, change daily-open 6 to 1 1 -Illustrated Songs
Daily Tar Heel (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
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Nov. 24, 1909, edition 1
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