!
SUNDAY, Amil. j?, h,,
PAGE TWO
THE DAILY TAR HEEL
JU Staty: cA $64 Question
Will the world have war or peace within the next year?
That's the question that's been bothering most of us
ever since the Bear and the Eagle tangled diplomatic claws.
It may well be answered today in Italy in the sprawling
political center of Rome, in the fishing villages on the Li
gurian sea, in the small, tree-shaded country towns along
the Po river, in the northern industrial cities of Turin,
Milan and Florence.
Today an election is being held to fill the seats of the
Italian Constituent assembly. Ordinarily such an election
probably would rate six inches of gray type on page two of.
the New York Times. But this year it's been sharing front
page space with the coming presidential election in this
country.
The issue is this: the Communist party of Italy, and the
Socialist party, both being led now by Moscow-trained
Palmiro Togliatti, could possibly win a plurality in the
election. Lawfully that would result in the formation of a
Communist-Socialist cabinet for Italy.
However, even if the Communist-Socialist party "The
Popular Democratic Front" should win the election, Ital
ian ' president de Nicola might ignore parliamentary rules
and ask a center or rightist minority party to form a cabi
net. Italian Communists, who have -been working hard to
win today's election, would, no doubt, resent having their
efforts go for naught. A civil' war could easily result.
Many authorities doubt that the Communists will start
a civil war. It is possible that Moscow will forbid Commu
nist leaders to take action until Russia is able to give
enough assistance to assure success. (This assistance would';
come into Communist-dominated northern Italy by un- ;
derground railway from Yugoslavia.) ' '
But we remember Togliatti's statement: " ' . , , r ,
" "The working masses are on democratic ground, when J
they resort to manifestations of violence to avert even
the embryonic danger of fascism."
r We remember, too, what Luigi Longo, number- two
"' Italian Communist and head of a couple of hundred thous
. and armed Communist partisans, said only a few weeks
ago in Bologna:
"Even if we win the election, I doubt that the govern
ment will cede power to the Communists. What then?We
will chase them out."
Italy is ready for civil war. People are ragged and
hungry in Milan and Turin; in Rome's working class sec
tions the cobble-streeted Trastevere and Tiburtina
' children froze to death last winter and many starved.
These are the conditions that give rise to civil war.
If the civil war does come, the first skirmishes will
probablv be between police and Communists; then such
fascist groups might rally perhaps 400,000 armed men
to join the battle against Communists. It is even possible
that the United States might land Marines and infantry
men to keep order.
Of course such action by the United States would be
protested by Russia, which would like to see Italy as its
western outpost. Russia might then move troops through
Yugoslavia.
T The cold war would be a hot war.
I It will pay to watch the returns from the Italian elec
tion today B.S.
3n (Recognition Service
Most people have a natural distrust of sepret organi
zations. They doubt the motives of any group which will
not declare its objectives and reveal its operations.
There are, however, two secret organizations on this
campus, which have acquired high reputations for anony
mous service to the University. One of these is the Grail.
The other is the Golden Fleece.
The only way to judge an organization which keeps its
actions secret is through the men who claim membership
, "n it. Since its inception in 1903 the Fleece has tapped such
,en as Frank P. Graham, Robert B. 'House, and Phillips
j.ussell of this University; former governors O.M4$sGard
ier and J. C. B. Ehringhaus, and present candidate for
:- governor R. Mayne Albright; Thomas Wolfe, author, and
Hatcher Hughes, Pulitzer price winner irii drania; Tfir?
Johnson, conductor of the Cincinattifs5ntonv;T.4
Winborne, supreme court justice; -rand ;: Walter P. ISjy, '.
chief justice of the state supreme court. -s ,
. Tomorrow night in Memorial auditorium th Fleece 111 :
hold its 45th annual tapping. As yet no one but members :
of the Fleece knows how many will be tapped or who they
will be. But judging from the records of former Fleece
members it seems a good bet that those who are tapped
tomorrow night will richly deserve membership in the
highest honorary fraternity at the University.
3Pf)c3)aily 1 3Tat Heel
, - A
The official newspaper of the Publication Board of the University of North
Carolina. Chapel Hill, where it is published daily, except Mondays, examina
tion and vacation periods by the Colonial Press, Inc. During the official
summer terms, it is published semi-weekly on Wednesdays and Saturdays.
Entered as second-class matter at the post office of Chapel Hill, N. C., under
the act Of March 8, 1879. Subscription price: $8.00 per college year, $3.00 per
quarter.
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Don Snow
Things to Know
About Italian
Election Today
By Drew Pearson
Washington. Things to know
about 1943's most important elec
tion so far:
-When the Italian people begin
voting today it wilt be the first
real election since before Musso
lini. It will also be the first time
in history that
Italian women
have voted. . .
About 24,000,000
people are ex
pected to vote, or
93 per cent of
those eligible.
Percentage - wise
this is about
twice as many
as turn out for an American elec
tion. . . .The Italian Communist
party numbers 2,200,000, making
it the largest Communist party
in the world outside Russia. They
control 6,000,000 members of the
Italian General Confederation of
Labor, one of the largest organiz
ed labor groups in Europe. . . .
Communists also control 400,000
ex-partisans who fought under
ground against Mussolini. . .About
250,000 of these partisans are well
armed and trained for more guer
rilla'' warfare.
(, r .....
., In.' 1946. in a 'limited election,
the Communist and left-wing
Socialists were split,; each polling
about: 4,000,000 'voles. Today the
Communists and, left-wing Social
ists are united. . . .Chief parties
opposing"' the Communist coali
tion are ihe ' Christian Democrats
and the rightist Catholic party
. . .In 1946 these together polled
8,000,000 voles slightly less lhan
Ihe Communists and left-wing
Socialists combined. .' . .Thus
other independent parties hold
the balance of power in Italy.
There are a total of 99 political
parties in Italy with 6,742 candi
dates running for office. The of
fices to be filled are 574 members
of the Assembly (similar to U.S.
House of Representatives) and
237 members of the Senate. These
237 -Italian Senators will join 114
other honorary Senators already
chosen. Of these 114 Senators al
ready sitting, 45 are Communists j
or pro-Communists. The remain
ing 69 are anti-"Communist. . .
Rome, the largest voting district,
has 22 parties. Each party is iden
tified on the ballot by a symbol.
This is to give illiterate voters
a chance to recognize different
parties.
Polls open al 6 A.M. Sunday,
closing at 10 P.M. the same day.
Next day. Monday, the polls open
again at 7 A.M., closing at 2 P.M.
in other words, the Italians will
have two days of balloting. . .
Counting the ballots begins im
mediately after 2 P.M. Monday. . .
Election results are not expected
to be indicative until late Mon
day night and definite returns
are not expected until Wednes
day. April 21. . .Voters are divid
ed into two groups those over
25 years of age and those under
25.-. .Voters over 25 receive two
ballots, one to elect members of
the Assembly and one lo elect
members - of- the. Senate. . .Voters
unA9''JSfrayne elec-
. r x. .. f . , T
loral ballot lo eleel members of
the Assembly-.- T Kl'ti
! ?GH TV."-:---.".
Three weeks,, afte.r .the election
ther new. Parliament convenes. Its
first job is iS elect a President,
whicn must be a two-thirds vote
"d1f6K " " Assembly and'r; Senate'-i
If the Communist elect more than
one-third of the new Parliament
the election of a President may
be debated for weeks. . .After
the President's election, his first
job is to select a Premier to form
his ' Government. This is done
only after talks with Parliament
leaders. . . At present Premier
de Gasperi has no Communists
sitting in his Cabinet, although
the Communists form the largest
single party in Italy. . .Commun
ists are sure to demand repre
sentation in the new Cabinet,
which may touch off riots and
revolution. Next Italian crisis is
expected around May 8 over for
mation of the new Cabinet.
Republican National Chairman
Carroll Reece swears a Washing-
Jon taxi driver with whom he
rode didn't know he was talking '
to a Republican.
"What do you think of Presi
dent Truman?"
"Truman?" replied the driver.
"Why, he's the greatest we ever
had. Now, you . take Roosevelt,
All Roosevelt did was divide the !
country into groups fighting each
other. But Truman has the whole
country united against himself."
aJ And wbn you pan
yov'll b an accepted
Short Break
A President in
By Tom Kerr
Seems a body can't even go
about his insignificant business
on campus without hearing hush
ed rumors of another party in
five minutes. All of which ought
to keep the Carrboro constabulary
busy, not to mention the result
ing capitalistic smiles in Mil
waukee. Along this line, Inside
Tip Service, Inc. has it that one
of the local hustlers is busy pre
paring where-to-buy-it-and-how-much
on all party ingredients.
This should be quite a service to
those brilliant enough to get
their weekend studying out of
the way by 3 p.m. Friday... AH our
Carolina genius has to do (when
this project is finished) is call
up anda get the complete poop on
procurring the necessaries for the
happy holiday.
Rolling around on the lawn
in front of Hill hall the other
pm. we (editorial) were beat
ing our head against the soggy
turf in vain attempt to find
subject matter for a DTH col
umn, when (lo and behold) we
espied a middle-aged couple
attentively scanning the in
scription on some sort of monu
ment. Flash we're in. It then hap
pens that we, too, roll up to what
later turns out to be an obelisk
and cast a blood-shot eye on the
inscription. After finding out that
this hunk of stone is "in grateful
More Write Away
No Skin Oft
Editor:-
Why is it that a student can't
go into the Armory store during
a ball game? The atletic dept.
already has the money so why
should they care if a student,
ID card and all gets in. It is
certinaly no skin off their teeth
and it is as inconvenient as the
very mischief to go back to the
room just to get a ticket that you
are not going to use.
My sentiments are to tell the
person or persons responsible to
go jump in the lake (that is pro
vided that they are well weighted
with ticket stubs). , '
Stephen B. Bugher. Jr.
Record
Editor:
The Young Democrats club of
the University concluded last
week a series of addresses pres
enting to the student body some
of North Carolina's leading citi
zens. As a matter of record, and
with a brief statement of the
texts of their speeches, they are
listed here in order of their ap
pearance. Jonathan Daniels, editor of
the Raleigh News and Obser
ver, "Liberalism in the Demo
cratic Party" in which he em
phasized the programs and
principles of the Democratic
parly in. the nation since 1828,
including the later programs of
Federal aid to veterans, FHA,
TVA, developmenl of Ihe atom
bomb, justice for management
and labor alike in so far as was
equitable, and the principles
underlying the Civil Rights
Program.
D. Hiden Ramsey, general man
ager of the Asheville Citizen
Times, "The Democratic Party in
North Carolina," who offered as j
a matter of record, the progress
of North Carolina under the De-
mocratic party. Examples are the
education system, the increase in
financial reserve and stability,
abolition of the poll tax, and the
placement of the State among the
leaders of the South and the na
tion by a successive line of un-
blemished governors.
Robert Lee Humber, propon
ent of the Federation of the
World. "The Democratic Parly
:n International Affairs", . in
which he cited the attitude of
yJvJ jVASmr Myosin
- J., ft I 1 t
this Icxt ma test, Dvrble, 1
oiember of tX& fraternity!"
Our Midst
acknowledgement of their ob -
ligation to the first President
of: this University Joseph Cald
well D.D.," we read further only
to discover that the above-mentioned
"they" refers to the presi
dent of the United States, gov
ernor of North Carolina, and other
alumni. This being so dedicated
in the year of pur lord 1847.
Now, as any sucker who has
read thus far can plainly see,
we were of course thrown into
a state of complete confusion by
the inclusion of the president of
the United States among the
alumni.
So we hobbled off io the
Library where two acquaint
ances, of the specie "library
scientist" promptly came to our
rescue with a barrage of dusty
tomes.
All of this expended energy
led us lo a world-shaking set of
facts, (i. e.) One James K. Polk
attended this university from
the fall of 1815 until his glori
ous graduation in 1818. He later
found himself president of the
land, and ai this time" con
tracted a Philadelphia firm to
chisel an obelisk in memory of
Dr. Caldwell.
Now, if you don't believe all
this, you just roll along among
the trees between Hill hall and
the Alumni building and see for
yourself. It's true. . .yep, all true
and it filled up a column, too.
Their Teeth
the peoples of the world to
ward some of the leading
Democrats Woodrow Wilson,
and Franklin Roosevelt, the
work of certain other Demo
crats in establishing the "Good
Neighbor" policy, and the pres
ent foreign policy as evidenced
by President Truman's speech
on Navy day, 1945, as evidence
of the principles and work of
the Democratic party.
To those of you who have at-
tended these lectures, we of the
Young Democrat club express
oigr appreciation for your parti
cipation, and sincerely hope that
they have been of some benefit
to you. To those of you who did
not attend, we sincerely regret
that you could not have taken
advantage of this opportunity to
acquire a first hand knowledge
of the Democratic party and its
work, and the more definite
questions arising in the "qeustion
and answer" period concerning
the current issues on domestic
and foreign policy.
To those members of the
faculty. administration, stu
dents, and townspeople, who
have helped lo make possible
these presenlalions. we give
our sincere thanks, for il is only
through you, lhal any organi
zation can be a success.
To those who are interested in
becoming a part of an organiza
tion designed to convey to the
student body the principles and
personalties of the Democratic
Party The Party of the People
who wish to align themselves
with a party founded on liberal
ism and equality, and whose pri
mary interest is the interest in
the people, the Young Demo
crats club extends a cordial in
vifation to become a member.
Bill Cooke, YDC
Yoek!
Editor:
I see where the Tarnation
staff has finally been moved lo
a more appropriate office in
the basement of the Graham
Memorial. . . .next lo the Men's
Room.
Donald MacDonald
Write Away
The Meaning Of Discrimination
Letters submitted to the Write
Away column must be double-spaceJ.
typewritten, and shall not exoci
300 words. AH contributions rt.u?
contain signature. Jriephone num
ber, and address of he author.
t Names will be withheld upon re
quest Letters which contain Ob
scene or libflou-t statements or
letters which do not compis with
these stipulations will -not be pub
lished Editor:
f What does the word discrimi
nation mean as it is used today?
To me it means jurgment against
a man for something irrelevant.
Thus refusal to admit a man to
the University of North Carolina
, because his skin is more highly
! pigmented than ours or refusal
to allow a woman to teach be
cause she is not a man are cases
of discrimination. Such decisions
are irrelevancies and would re
mind us of something from "Alice
in Wonderland, if we were not
inured to them.
The University of North
Carolina's discrimination
against women as professors is
what angers me most as I write
this letter, . simply because I
am a woman and not a Negro.
That . a co-educational system
which admits women under
graduates on an equal footing
with men should hold up its
hand afterward and say. "Thou
Shalt not Teach" seems to mo
unjust. i . . - , " -
When I first arrived- in Chapel
Hill last fall, I imagined the Uni
versity of North Carolina as a
liberal institution. Didn't it rail
itself one? But that myth has
been dissipated for me, until
spring finds me a disillusioned
woman. The University of North
Carolina like the crab is moving
backward in a time when it needs
to move forward and this because
of the power of certain men in
key administrative and profess
orial positions, the example of
the Department of Romance
Languages being, . perhaps, the
most notorious.
These men are, 1 think, most
dangerous when they call them
selves liberals or "just plain
middle of the road folks". In
either case their self-appointed
function is the same: to oppose
change and to set themselves
up as superior to those they
look upon as either reactionary
or radical. Actually their super:
iority complex makes them the
most dangerous of reactionaries.
Makes them the enemy of the
Negro and the woman in the
South today who find themselves
doomed respectively to an un
skilled or white collar position in
life. Place a broom or a harmoni
ca in a Negro's hand, and he h
acceptable. We don't mind being
looked after or entertained by. a
man even if he isn't a "pinko-
gray" like ourselves (E. M. For
ster's appellation for the so-called
white race). Place a short
hand pad or a nursing bottle in
a woman's hand, and she is like
wise acceptable. We don't mind
having our routine and mental
tasks accomplished by someone'
of "inferior sex" either.
But lei the women-who dares
to rear her head above the sea
of domesticity and challenge ihe
Department of Romance Lan
guages tremble! She may be
summa cum laude and holder
of a European fellowship, it's
not enough. She will spend all
winter on campus and never
be asked for a personal inter
view. She will offer theses in
support of her application, they
will never be asked for. And in
the end she will be turned
down for the one unforgivable
sin: she is a woman. Is this
"Carolina liberalism"?
Elaine H. Johnson
Reply, Challenge
Editor:
The purpose of this letter is
twofold: to reply to a criticism
that has been made, and to accept
a challenge that has been issued.
First, the criticism; the op
ponents of UMT are insisting
ihat Ihe proponents of UMT
have refused to participate in a
debate which would expose
both of the viewpoints on the
issues presented by compulsory
military training. While I was
in Chicago two weeks ago. Miss
Martha Aiken, acting under the
erroneous impression ihat I was
opposed to UMT, forwarded a
telegram lo me which consisted
of one hundred forty-seven
words of request thai I should
speak in opposition lo UMT at
the now infamously remember
ed Gerrard Hall meeling. On
returning lo Chapel Hill I in
formed Martha that. I. was in
favor of UMT. I appreciated
the invitation and would like
to speak in favor of UMT at
ihat meeting. My offer, how
ever, was not accepted due, as
Martha explained, lo the fact
lhal the meeting was lo be con
ducted noi for the purpose of
hearing both sides of the issue,
but for ihe presentation of anli
UMT senlimenl only. In answer
to the criticism that the pro
ponents of UMT have been re
luctant lo participate in public
debate on Ihe question, and
without intending . lo cast any
t adverse reflection whatsoever
on Miss Aiken's initial invi
tation, I think it only fair to
point out that, if any reluc
tance to participate in open de
bate has been shown at all,
the opponents, not the propon
ents, of UMT were the first lo
show it.
Second, the challenge: in Fri
day's TAR HEEL a letter, written
by Henry Adams and captioned .
Poem To Congress
Dazzled by brass, flanked fore and nfl.
The Truman boys call for a draft.
Blundering: "A fire, may start! Don'l shoull
Let's pour on fuel to pul il oul!"'
I'd like lo hint thai what is best is
To change the fuel for asbestos.
The Army launch lheir long-dear plan
To get control of every man.
Truman with power over all our fate,
The little losing candidate!
Not quite with selfless purity
They name a draft "security".
Despite our large reserves and strength
They still incite this warlike length?
It's really cause for some dejcclion
That this plan comes before election.
"Preventive war", oh Forrestal?
It may prevent all life, that's all.
What isn't right and isn't nice is
How soldier-strategists stir crisis.
Eleven billion dollars? shucks!
They ask four billion further bucks.
If this were spent in aiding Europe
Democracy'd be in the stirrup.
A leader wise, nol dilatory.
Could 'give, a plan not military,
A leader strong and lyrical
Could turn the tide with miracle,
Without being weak and nol destructive,
But with a program that's constructive;
Saying: "We'll feed", saying: "We'll build".
Defining freedom for the world.
Saying: "America's for peace. "
Just get that in your noodles, please;
Neither imperialist nor bad.
Most of us aren't money-mad;
And though we loo have made mistakes
We'll work things out for all our sakes."
Truman's program trouble breeds,
Why should you follow where he leads?
Power lo him now would jusl be draft
Cry out for peace! Oppose Ihe draft!
Name Witheld
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
ACROSS
1 Flowers
6 Wild
11 Makes happy
13- Havoc
14- Printed matter
16- Sodium (symb.l
17- Hail!
18- To dodga
19- To hit
20 -To shout
22 Monkey
23 Places
24 Stone throwers
26 Man
27 Arrow poison
2a City In Latvia
29 To cook in slow,
simmering mannei
30 To delay
32 Observed
S3 ChemiRt'n '
workshop (coll.)'
J4 Male title of
respect pl.' I
36 Those In power I
37 Lubricated
39 Gold (Sp.l v.
40 Musical note '
41 Extra
43 Makes reparation
for offense
45 Dignified
48 Transmit
47 Dish of greens
' 2. I H -5 7 15 19 o
- t n
- i5
777
J 22
--tMl -li
io 77 H m
by the words "Come (., .
Fight," issued a pohte i : ;
to those who favor UMT ? , ,
mit themselves and the :
of their arguments to puM .
praisal in the form of a i. ;
I hereby accept that ( h;d!. rv
invite any other propnnmt f.
UMT who wishes to r!u ,
join me in accepting th:.
lenge, "but, should such
league not be forthcoming I
sure the opponents of UMT ,
stand ready, willing, and il
cerely hope) competent t i i
singlehandedly, any nun.!, .
them at any time and in an. f
they choose to name. I am r;
findent that the Editor .f t,
TAR HEEL will be perfectly !!
ing to act as an intermedia?--.- f ,
the purpose of bringinc lt.
sides into personal conta i ;,r
making the necessary arnmi-r.
ments.
But, in view of my answer t ,
the current criticism, I
that if such a debate is an; -n t;. !
if will be the opponents, nut tl.
proponents, of UMT who aic ;
cepting tnc initial challenge.
Bill Crisp
ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PimB
DOWN
1 To pass from ou.
to another
Fruit (pl.t
3 Followers
4 Summer (Fr.V
6 Dry
6 Passige money
1 Night before
ft Sun god
8 Related on
father' tide
10 Jumps
12 Beastly
13 Uncouth
15 Last bugle eaH
19 Pert, to klnhi
21 Kind of cloth,
23 Folktales
2S Fresh
2 Wire measure
28 Wageri again
29 Congressional
body
10 East Indian
Island
31 Mlstakea
32 Man's name
33 Covers
35 Shod
37 Lyric poems
3ft Departs life .
41 Conjunction
42 Harem room
room i
O'RiE LlJO'PtAtLL4' A T
Jill AfeSoSiliLLu-.
Vf "If i I en5v
44 Upon
V
- v xv'-'
X)