Newspapers / Daily Tar Heel (Chapel … / Oct. 6, 1954, edition 1 / Page 1
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WEATHER Still hot. Expected high, 90 low, 58. See other weather story' column one. EQUAL The editor examines two states of mind. The result equality. See page 2. VOL. LVII No. 18 Complete UP) Wire Service CHAPEL HILL, N. C, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 6, 1954 Offices In Graham Memorial FOUR PAGES TODAY (C) n) & i) Hfi TlTl isii KI) S11T "v rP'fP It's off for according It's not going to cool the rest of this week, to the weather bureau There may be a cool wave over the weekend, but it's rather doubtful, say those who know. This fall's high temperature is due to a "high" of the coast which is pumping tropical air in omg io Stay 'Hot the Eastern states. A cool front that wp. harf vrr,kPn no records . . iv AO yjyj suuiien out it is: (far off'to be pin-pointed. The last cool weather in Chapel Hill was on Sept. 25 and there has been no relief from the un seasonable heat since. The weather bureau also said for the month of October since there was a high reading of 97 in 1951. The University geology depart ment recorded a high of 96 at 2 p.m. yesterday with a humidity reading of 40 per cent on campus. c ft . ' : '?i . i ; i ""'""j ? ; : , . - ,A- I t w - . , . v - V , - J i I . - - r - . -"- . v , " Za irT . V Slates Barbecue, Concert, Pep Rally Real, old-fashioned barbecue, real Dixieland jazz and a real Fountain-inspired pep rally are planned for Friday evening. The YWCA, sponsor of the event, announced yesterday that the supper will last from 5 to 7 p.m. ' Occasion for the barbecue is international and national cele bration of the YWCA's 100th an niversary. Tickets are now on sale in the Y lobby for $1. The YWCA here is rtying "to raise $1,000 next April, accord ing to the Y, a national convention will be held in New York, and the organization hopes that every region in the U. S. will have made a substantial contribution ' to the national fund. There is a need to raise funds, campus and community-wide, the organization said, to extend programs to other countries and and student and community life. Money raised from events such as the one here Friday will be used to provide more staffs in various regions, "to wcirk. for freedom and justice for all, to gove more young people oppor tunity to participate in attacking the problems of today's world and to further mutual under standing throughout the world." u -r. n t o o D N . Wi y 01 W A r? Aft U r n f Famed Author Will Speak Tonight ft THREE Pi PHI Sorority members find an enjoyable way to cool off in the current hot spell sweeping the Southeast. Getting sprayed by Jane Edwards are Eleanor Saunders (center) and Pris Fleming. R. B. Henley Photo Jones Will Speak Tonight And Thursday An error in yesterday's paper j ist between religion and science?" put the date of a lecture by Dr. j Dr. Jones, associate professor Claiborne Jones at last night, j of the zoology department, is a rather than tonight and Thursday, j native of Petersburg, Va., and re- Dr. Jones will talk in the Li- j ceived his A. B. at Hampton brary Assembly Room at 8 p.m. j Sydney College and his M. A. and both tonight and tomorrow on j ph D frQm the University of Va. "Things Visible and Things Un- seen." He will discuss the question, 'Where and why do conflicts ex- In his lectures, Jones will cover the questions: To what extent is there independence and interde pendence of science and religion? What are the common and pe culiar characteristics of each? What is scientism? The lectures are being sponsor ed by the Inter-Faith Council. A discussion period will follow each lecture during which refresh ments will be served. v Need Freedom Of The Mind, j5qys Danes Jonathan Daniels, Raleigh, edi tor of The News and Observer, last night told the Dialectic Sen ate and their guests that "free speaking of men's minds has been the greatest tradition of this much -loved university and the one basis of the hope of the state which it serves." Daniels spoke at .the inaugura tion ceremonies of the historic debating society where . Joel Fleishman of Fayetteville was in stalled as president. Also installed were Lynn Chandler, Morris ville senior, pres ident pro tempore; David E. Reid, Asheville junior, critic; Virginia Agnew, Hendersonville senior, clerk; Clyde Smith, Ral eigh junior, treasurer; Larry Mc Eroy, Marshall junior, sergeant at arms and Jim Turner, Winston Salem junior, chaplain. (See DANIELS, page 4) mm . i ' I l mm - f meyner oiafea For Speech Friday Night Robert B. Meyner, newly elect ed Democratic Governor of New Jersey, will be the first ' speaker sponsored by the Carolina Forum this fall Friday. Governor Mea ner will speak at,. 8:30 p. m in Hill Hall, according to. j o e i a leisnman, s r a yeixe vine i or um chairman. Jonathan Dan iels, editor of the v Raleisrh News and Observer, will in troduce the speaker. Governor Meyner will be met by Forum representatives at the Raleigh-Durham airport in the afternoon and will be taken on a tour of the campus. A private dinner in his honor will precede Aldous Huxley, well-known English novelist and essayist, will speak his address and a reception in at Hill Hall tonight at 8 p.m. ' the Main Lounge of Graham Huxley, recognized as one of the most educated of modern day Memorial will be held afterwards. British authors, will speak on "The : 1 Non-Verbal Humanities." Huxley's first nd'velrChroms Yellow," was published in 1916. Since then he has written such well known books as "Brave and New World," "Point Counter- ALDOUS HUXLEY 'The Non-Verbal Humanities' Huxley Will Talk On Humanities Tonight At 8 In Hill Auditorium .4 - $ Meyner UP To Scan Gas Prices By CHARLES JOHNSON sominations will begin on October The University Party decided to : 19. back Max Crohn's bill in the Stu- j Mike Weinman,' publicity chair- point," "Time Must Have A Stop," ; dent Legislature for a commission man, gave a publicity committee "After Many A Summer Dies the ; to investigate the high gas prices report, and discussed the forth- Swan," and "Ape and Essence. in Chapel Hill at its meeting held coming publicity of the party last night. Bev Webb gave a legislature re port, in which he discussed the bills brought before the "We are very, very , fortunate," said Jim Wallace, director of Gra ham Memorial, "to be able to pre sent such an outstanding event to the students of Carolina and the people of Chapel ' Hill." legisla- Open Hearings The Ways and Means Com mittee of the student Legisla ture will meet in open session this afternoon to hear opinions from "all interested students" on a recently-introduced bill to adopt a policy of leniency for -Honor Council first offenders. - ture at its last meeting. Max Crohn asked for sugges tions for bills to be brought before the legislature in the future. He also discussed the bill brought up j should be done. last week, which concerned the possibility of maid service in the dorms. Reuben Leonard, party chair man, stressed the importance of party and individual participation in the campaign for the November ! Tuesday due to fraternity rushing, elections. He also announced that the party decided. Court Ruled That Oklahoma Negro Had Equal Rights By DICK CREED "We conclude that the conditions under which this np pellant is required to receive his education deprives him of his personal and present right to equal protection of the iaws ... "Appellant, having been admitted to a state-suppoi ted ; graduate school, must receive tl e same treatment at the hands of the state as students of other races "Appellant was a Negro student who was "made subject to certain conditions of segregation" after he was accepted for admission to the University of Oklahoma graduate school. The quotations above are from the decision of the United States Supreme Court after it had heard his protests against the "condi tions." It was not known here yesterday whether the language of this de cision would be applicable and en forceable in the case of the seg regated setion of Steele Dormitory. There is a difference in the "con ditions of segregation" in the Ok lahoma case and the case here. In Oklahoma G. W. McLaurin was assigned to a particular row in classrooms, assigned to a par ticular table in the library and assigned to a particular table in the cafeteria. At Carolina, Graduate Students Romallus Murphy and James Slade are assigned to a particular section of a particular dormitory, and the two rooms adjacent to theirs re main empty. Negro students here can eat where they like in Lenoir Hall, sit where they like in the Library, and study where they like in class rooms. State Attorney General Harry McMullan said yesterday that he could not give an advisory state ment as to whether the language in the Supreme Court's decision in the case of McLaurin versus Oklahoma State Regents for High er Education would be applicable to the segregation situation here. "Such a statement," he said, 'would have to come from the Supreme Court." Dean of Student Affairs Fred Weaver yesterday refused to say for publication what he knew a bout how the third floor south section of Steele Dormitory came to be set aside for the exclusive use of Negro students. Chancellor Robert B. House re fused to comment Monday, and President Gordon Gray said that he was sure that "whatever hap pened came out of conferences with University officials" when colored students were first accept- (See SEGREGTION, page 4) Charles Ackerman was elected to replace Don Miller, who resign ed from the legislature from Town Men's III. Bill Ragsdale stressed the im portance of getting the party's pol icy across to the students. He also gave suggestions as to how this New members were asked to in troduce 'themselves, and a get ac quainted session was held after the meeting. Refreshments were also served after the meeting. There will be no meeting next . Get Rid Of A Hated Symbol Of Second-Class Citizenship' uy Johns on Studied For Years (I ditor's Note: In the light of the Supreme Court's rul inr against segregation in public schools, and yesterday's iindiiios that two University of North Carolina students both Ne. roes,, are living in segregated dormitory rooms, The Daily Tar Heel has tried to probe the segregation question on the Carolina campus. Here statf writer Ruth Dalton has written the first in a series of two articles deal ing with segregation and UNC. The second .article, which Hill appear tomorrow, will tell what University folks think o the decision. The Daily Tar Heel realizes that no ones u n.ings. especially on such a delicate subject as segregation, will be perfectly objective. If any readers happen to dis agree wi h Miss Dalton's findings, and can offer substantial -son for their disagreement, The Da. y Tar He ;;ill be 1 to "ive the reader the proper r v By RUTH DALTON Since the Supreme Court's decision last spring which means Mnce tne aupieii- n,,Mc schools, much comment has the end of at? as the various arisen and there will deiinneiy ue 't'tTiSIlJf of sociology and anthrTlos; here at he Universityhas spent some 30 years research and study on the segregation probtem. conditions One of the outcomes of hich have enrolled Negro and results in the Ser al Jn students in the past eight years, me a was Drinted in "The Journal of Negro bducauon f From the arncie, one- Mnrrav aeainst the 4lac nif icant change in the situation for nearly a decade. The upshot . . V of legal skirmishes was that by the end of the academic year. 1952-53 there were Negro students enrolled in at least 22 public higher institutions in the 17 "separate-school" states. These included all of the state universities in the South except five (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi and South Carolina), plus a number of land-grant colleges, specialized schools and junior colleges. The en rollment of Negroes was small in proportion to the total number of students attending these institutions, but the fact that their admission . to nearly all of these schools was achieved in the space of five years, 1948-49 to 1952-53, constituted something of a social and an educa tional revolution in the South. There are two important limitations on the; admission of Negro students. First, the Southern states which have admitted Negroes to hitherto white institutions have adopted an official policy which they follow rather rigidly; namely, that Negroes are eligible for admission only if the degree courses which they seek are not offered at one of the state's public institutions for Negroes. This means that most of the institutions accept Negroes only for graduate, professional or other specialized training. Were there any unusual circumstances or incidents in connection with the arrival of the first Negro students on the various campuses? The answer is "No" in almost every instance. In view of th fact that quite a few white political leaders had predicted bloodshed, student riots and the wholesale withdrawal of white women from the schools if the courts ruled thta Negroes had to be admitted, there was a real risk of unpleasant incidents. Actually, however, there was relatively little excitement when the first Negroes arrived. Administrative attitudes and policies we founH o vsw eood deal all the way from a positive stand in favor of -the complete in tegration of Negro students voiced by a president in one of the border states, to a snmpwhat rrrnHcrincr ponpessinn of the right of Negro stu- . . i I nca rll Nona U MUIldV aKamai - a- o - - In 1935 a court decision in me cac pntc to h admitted Dn ottituHo ;hih was rather common in the . admission oi wunij iu University of Maryland resulted in me more typically Southern states University's School of Law at Baltimore. . . , th university! The transition from complete segregation to some degree of inte- iThe admission of a Negro to me o , sis-Sgration of Negroes into the publicly-supported institutions of higher of West Virginia in 1940 went almost unnoticed, and there was no si learning in the South has already, been accomplished in all except five of the Southern states, and most of the change has occurred in the brief period," 1948-53. Despite numerous predictions of violence, this transition has been accomplished without a single serious incident of interracial friction. . . In campus relations between white and Negro students, new pat terns of interaction have been quickly learned. Going to class together, eating in the same dining halls, living in the same dormitories, tak ing part in all sorts of campus affairs together all these have been accepted and taken in stride as a part of the business of going to school. The bugaboo of "social equality" has apparently not disturbed very many students in a serious way. To say that all is love and harmony on the co-racial campuses would be to go beyond the truth. iThere are anxieties and frictions as an inevitable accompaniment of the new adjustments which have to be made, and the Negro students have some special problems of discrim ination, academic competition, and morale; but the fact remains that the process of integration is well on the way. The prognosis is good. The Supreme Court decision . . . has wide implications for the whole structure of racial segregation. Presumably it opens the way for any citizen of a state to apply for admission to any public higher institution for which he is academically qualified. While there will probably be no mass movement of Negro students to the mixed institutions, there might well be a relatively heavy in crease in Negro enrollment this year or next year, particularly at the undergraduate level. In the meantime, it is good to know that the pioneering phase of desegregation in higher education in the South is already over and that the patterns of integration which have been formed augur well for the continuation of constructive integration. More of Dr. Johnson's study and some of his personal opinions are shown in parts of his presidential address delivered at the an nual meeting of the Southern Sociological Society in Atlanta on March 26, 1954, entitled "A Sociologist. Looks at Racial Desegrega tion in the South." Despite numerous predictions of violence, this transition to racial co-education in Southern universities has been accomplished without a single serious incident of friction. There were some rather wild rumors in a few schools at first, but they "were soon dispelled. There was also an effort by the administration in several schools to define the privileges of the first Negro students in terms of the state laws and the old social norms; that is, the Negro students were segregated and restricted in various ways. . However, this effort was soon aband oned; first, because white students themselves condemned it as unfair, second, because the Supreme Court made a ruling against such treat ment. Today there is very little official discrimination against the Negro students. In fact, one can say that there had already emerged a norm in which administration takes pride, namely, that there is equality of campus citizenship. The fluid initial stage in the transition will be of special importance, and I want to state . ". . propositions with regard to it. It will be a period of tension, of evasive actions and experiments. What I am saying here is that the natural reaction of the majority of white people will be to try to define the new situation in terms of existing norms. At the same time there will be efforts by the liberal or equalitarian minority in the white group to accept the new situa tion and to modify the social norms to lit, but these will remain mi nority efforts. The initial period is likely to see an increase in race rumors, an increase of aggression against Negroes, and occasional violence. Every sensible person would like to believe that the transition can be made without violence. I believe that for the most part it will, but considering the reality of the extreme emotional involvement of cer tain white groups in the symbols of . white dominance, and consider ing the thousand and one ways in which incidents and rumors, provo cations and fears might be combined, it would be a miracle indeed if there were no violence of any sort. The consequences of the abandonment of compulsory segregation may be less than many people feared they would be, but but they may also be short of what many people hoped they would be. I suggest that the greatest positive consequence may be that the South will be rid of a hated symbol of second-class citizenship.
Daily Tar Heel (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
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Oct. 6, 1954, edition 1
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