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SATURDAY, APRIL 2, W THE DAILY TAR HEEL PAGE TWO sf V : ' :. t Carolina Front: CANDIDATE FOWLER Nit -Jt$ Empty Classes Mean Spring & The Coast ' Louis Kraar Safety: Embryo Child Of Terror i - CANDIDATE McCURRY' 7 " IF THE seats around you thLs morning in class are empty, it's because April and the Azalea Testival are here and many stu dents are in Wilmington en joying them both. Like the Mid dle Ages' fad of padding to for spring pil- undergraduate i church centers g.amages, the J EX-CANDIDATE MUNTZING There Are Smiles . . . Politics around here, as we believe Ave h ie nienlioned. is a onions animal. Here with (abov e) Kxhibit Two: candidate's smiles. The morning ol elec tion day found these varied I'aeial expressions looking at you Irom The Daily Tar Heel's front page a Mona Lisa tranquillity from candidate Fouler, a bioad simper fiom candidate McCuny. an absolute side-slapper from candidate Munt in;. Well, we thought, that ( Hitches that, Bless ed -is the happy candidate and this merry Muntin:. has the whole thing sewed up. We reckoned without the strange tides of fortune peculiar to Carolina politics. Mona Lisa came romping in ahead of the field, middle-of-the-roader McCuny close' enough to force a run off, liotli of them left Munting, for all his jubilee, back on the stable-house turn. The moral for future candidates is clear: if you hope to get elec ted around here, scowl, grumble, grieve, gnash your teeth, whimper, snivel, wail. And if you don't believe us, ask Munting. He's the one with the serious, thoughtful face who lives down iii Aycock Dorm. Hope For The Orphan The pols are scurrying, as might have been predicted, but what they're scurrying from i something Carolina needs: a live dollar stu dent fee raise. The timeliness of the student Uudget Com mittee's action in recommending a student referendum on raising the ante for Craham Memorial and student government might be debated especially in view of the raise, in out-of-state tuition yesterday in Raleigh. but not, as Ave see it, the wisdom of their decision. No comparable I 'niveputy we know of operates student government and a1 student union on Carolina's paltry sum. Craham Memorial, for example, gets Sf per year per student as opposed the $20 per year that State's posh union coasts on. A raise will mean more CM services, a bigger and better batch of public ations, count less increases in the level of dormitory civili at ion. The Daily Tar Heel hopes students will get a chance to raise the fee this year. It's the price of two week's beers, and it's worth it. Gracious Living XXX The assembled thousands filed into Me morial Hall to hear Walter Cieseking, a veg-etarian-Lepidopterist - pianist, one of the. world's great musicians. They sat down in Memorial's old granite hard seats. They stated at Memorial's filthy chalk m;nrecl stage. They watched the .back-drops rustle from tune to time as a technician -walked Memorial's narrow back-stage passage. 1 hey sat in glaring brightness through a little lieethoven, then sat in charcoal dark ness through the rest while the pianist strain ed to see the keys in Memorial's erratic light. Gracious Living would not be trod-upon so Ireely anywhere in the world where a pian ist ol the caliber of Cieseking was playing, lint this was Chapel Hill. And thiswas Memorial Hall. penchant for the coast is as com mon as the season. In short, spring means beach trips and empty Saturday'classes. Not being a particular fan of azaleas or festivals, this reporter won't attend the Wilmington wing-ding this weekend. How ever, in a trip last weekend I did go through the azalea center. TirE PSEUDO spring breezes of Chapel Hill took on the speed of a football player in greener grid years, as a party of friends and I reached the rural area out side Raleigh last Saturday after noon. We were heading for the coast, but before we arrived the swirl ing sand was all about' us in the air. The wind gathered up thick cluds of sand from dry tobacco fields and tossed them into the air. Dry fields looking like lit tle deserts appeared on either side of the road, making the big red auto we rode in look like a zooming anachronism. The sun kept shining through the dust clouds. Mailboxes in front of farm houses shivered at the wind. And farmhouse porches were as barren as the -fields. Near Wilmington, where azal eas bloomed, thick woods glowed with the red of a forest fire early . Sunday afternoon. Now the swirl ing sand gave way to smoke, as the dry wood barked with flames. A snowstorm of ashes showered the car as it nudged its way through the smoke. Further down the road, past the flaming forest, the air clear ed and the sun blocked its way through the sky clouds. We rolled down the dust and ash-covered windows to breath the fresh air. And March came into the car in fresh, windy gusts. along 4 if ' whit h firs! Vv ofx-HCdl it iloorw , m Ltmutry .. ' Sir Winston Crvbrchili To The Hobse Of .v Commons We live in a period happily unique in human history, when . the whole world is divided in tellectually and to a large ex tent geographically between the creed's of Communist discipline ' and individual fredom, and when at the same time this mental .and psychological 'division is accom--panied by the possession by both sides of obliterating weapons of the nuclear age, . There is an immense gulf be tween the atomic and the hydro gen bomb. The atomic bomb, with all its terror, did not carry us outside the scope of human control or manageable events in thought or action, in peace or war. But when Mr. Sterling Cole, the chairman of the United -States Congressional (Atomic) Committee, gave out a year ago February 17, 1954 the first com prehensive review of the hydro gen bomb, the entire foundation of human affairs was revolution ized and mankind placed in a situation both measureless .and laden with doom. WHICH WAY TO TURN? What ought we to do? Which way shall we turn to save our lives and the future of the world? It does not matter so ' much to old people. They are going soon anyway. But I find it poignant to look at youth in all its activi ties and ardor, and most of all to watch little children playing their merry games, and wonder what would lie before them if God wearied of mankind. The best defense would, of course, be bona-fide disarma ment all around.. This is in all our hearts, but sentiment must not cloud our vision. It is often said that "facts are stubborn things. . . ." We must not conceal from ourselves the gulf between the Soviet Government and the NATO powers, which has hither to, for so long, prevented an agreement. The long history and tradition of Russia makes it re pugnant to the Soviet Govern ment to accept any practical sy stem of international inspection. A second difficulty lies in the circumstances that, just as the United States, on the one hand, has, we believe, the overwhelm ing mastery in nuclear weapons, so the Soviets and their Com munist satellites have immense superiority in what are called "conventional" forces the sort of arms and forces with which we fought the last war, but much improved. t. The problem is therefore to devise a balanced and phased 'sys tem of disarmament which at no period enables any one of the participants to enjoy an - advan tage which might endanger the security of the others. TRUTH AND FICTION Unless a trustworthy and uni versal 'agreement upon disarma ment, conventional and nuclear alike, can be reached and an ef fective systenr of inspection is established and is actually work ing, there is only one sane policy for the free world in the next, few years. That is what we call defense through deterrents. This we have already adopted and -proclaimed. These deterrents may at any time become the par ents of disarmament, provided that they deter. To make our con- : tribution to the deterrent we must ourselves possess the most up-to-date nuclear weapons and the means of delivering them. A vast quantity of information, some true, some exaggerated, much out of proportion, has. been published about the hydrogen bomb. The truth has inevitably been mingled with fiction. ... I still content myself with saying about the power of this weapon, the hydrogen bomb, that, apart from all the statements about blast and heat effects over in creasingly wide areas, there are now to be considered the con sequences of "fallout" as it is called, of wind-borne radioactive particles. There is both m im mediate direct effect on human beings who are in the path of such a cloud and an indirect ef fect through animals, grass and vegetables, which pass on these contagions to human beings through food. IMAGINATION IS APPALLED This would confront many who escaped the direct effects of the explosion with poisoning or star vation or both. Imagination stands appalled. There are, of course, the palliatives and pre cautions of a courageous civil defense. . .but our best protection lies . . . successful deterrents operating from a foundation of sober, calm and tireless vigilance. However, a curious paradox has emerged. Let me put it simp ly. After a certain point has been passed, it may be said, the worst things get the better. The broad effect of the latest developments is to spread almost indefinitely and at least to a vast extent the area of mortal danger. This should certainly increase the de terrent upon Soviet Russia by putting her enormous spaces and scattered population on a equali ty, or near equality, of vulnerabil ity with our small, densely-populated island and with Western Europe. I cannot regard this develop ment as adding to our dangers. ? ,-; J i A' CHURCHILL . . . victory may come yet. We have reached the maximum already. On the contrary, to this form of attack continents are vul nerable as well as islands. Hither to crowded countries, as I have said, like the United Kingdom and Western Europe, have had this outstanding vulnerability to cary. But the hydrogen bomb, with its vast range of destruction and the even wider area of con tamination, would be effective also against nations whose popu lation hitherto has been so wide ly dispersed oevr large land areaj as to make them feel that they were not in any danger at all. They too become highly vul nerable; not yet equally perhaps, but still highly and increasingly vulnerable. Here again we see the value of deterrents, immune against surprise and well under stood by all persons on both sides repeat, on both sides who have the power to control events. That is why I have hoped for a long time for a top-level conference where these matters could be put plainly and bluntly from one friendly visitor to the conference to another. SAFETY AND SURVIVAL Then it may well be that we shall, by a process of sublime irony, have reached a stage in this story where safety will be the sturdy child of terror, and survival the twin brother of an nihilation. . . . All. . .considerations lead me to belive that, on a broad view, the Soviets would be ill-advised to embark on niajor aggression within the next three or four years If, at the end of that time, there should be a supreme The official student publication of the Publi eations Board of the University of North Carolina, where it ia published daily except Sunday, Monday and examina tion and vacation per iods and summer terms. Entered &s second class matter at the post office in Chapel Hill, N. C, un der the Act of Varch 8, 1879. Subscription rates: mailed, $4 per fear, $2.5C a semester; delivered, $8 a year, $3.50 a semester. THE COMMENTS of candi dates Ed McCurry and Don Fow ler on governmental secrecy would lead me to start campaign ing (were I not a non-partisan columnist) for a third candidate. Candidate McCurry thinks if a group gets its money from the students (with the exception of the courts), it should be open. Otherwise, says McCurry, meet ings may be closed. Thus, under the McCurry plan, the Interdormitory Council would have to hold open meet ings, but the Interfratemity Council could continue to hold closed sessions. Why students shouldn't have a right to know what both groups are doing, neither candidate has answered. Now candidate Fowler, in a paradoxical statement, said that "students should always be in formed of the happenings of stu dent government." However, the independent went on to say that groups could hold executive ses sions, and "the proceedings should be made public." In other wards, Fowler is for closed and secret sessions, as long as a group tells the public what it did. Why have a closed session then? ' Tug Of War Arid Peace iSditor. CHARLES KURALT WHEN I reported that a third party would probably be formed if Folwer is elected president, I tried to make it clear that the party would be "either official or unofficial." I am not campaigning against Don Fowler or anybody else, but it is clear to this reporter that Fowler's backers who were drawn from both parties will share the spoils of a possible victory. Whether or not these people call themselves a party or not, that's what they would be. Classical Hassle ( conflict, the weapons which I have described this afternoon would be available to both sides, and it would be folly to suppose that they would not be used. Our precautioniary dispositions and preparations must therefore be based on the assumption that, if war should come, those weapons would be used. In three or four years' 'time it may be even less the scene will be changed. 'The Soviets will probably stand possessed of hy drogen bombs and the means of delivering them not only on the United Kingdom but also on North American targets. They may then have reached a stage not indeed of parity with the United States and Britain but of what is called "saturation." Major war of the future will differ therefore from anything we have known in the past, in this one significant respect that each side at the outset will suffer what it dreads the most the loss of everything that it has ever known. STRENGTH NEEDED Of course, we should all agree that a world-wide international agreement on disarmament is the goal at which we should aim. The Western democracies dis armed themselves at the end of the war. The Soviet .Government did not disarm, and the Western nations were forced to rearm, and though only partially, after the Soviets and Comniunists had dominated all China and half uEropje. That is the present posi- " tion. It is easy, of course, for the Communists to say now, "Let us ban all nuclear weapons." Com munist ascendancy in convention al weapons would then ( become overwhelming. That might bring peace but only peace in the form of the subjugation of the free world to the Communist system. Unless the NATO powers had effective forces there on ths ground and could make a front, there would be nothing to pre vent piecemeal advance and en croachment by the Communists in. this time of so-called peace. By successive infiltrations the Com munists would progressively un dermine the security of Europe. Unless we were prepared to un leash a full-scale nuclear war as soon as some local incident oc curs in some distant country, we must have conventional forces in readiness to deal with such situa tions as they arise. Though world war may be pre vented by the deterrent power of nuclear weapons, the Commu nists may well resort to military action in furtherance of their policy of infiltration and en croachment' in many parts of the world. There may well be limited wars on the Korean model, with limited objectives. We must be able to play our part in these, if called upon by the United Na tions Organization. There are those who believe, or at any rate say: If we have the protection of the overwhelm ingly powerful United States, we need not make the hydrogen bomb for ourselves or build a fleet of bombers for its delivery. We can leave that to our friends across the ocean. Our contribu tion should be criticism of any unwise policy into which they 'may drift or plunge. We should throw our hearts and consciences into that. Personally, I cannot feel that we should have much influence over their policy or actions, wise or unwise, while we are largely de pendent, as we are today, upon their protection. We too must possess substantial deterrent pow er of our own. We must also nev er allow, above all, I hold, the growing sense of unity and broth erhood between the United King dom and the United States and throughout the English : speaking world to be injured or retarded. Its maintenance, its stimulation and its fortifying is one of the first duties of every person who wishes to see peace in the world and wishes to see the survival of this country. To conclude ... there is time and hope if we combine patience and courage. AH deterrents will improve and sain authority dur ing the next 10 years. By that time the deterrent may well reach its acme and reap its final reward. The day may dawn when fair play, love of one's fellow men. respect (or justice and free dom, will enable tormented gen erations to march forth serene and triumphant from the hideous epoch in which we have to dwell. Meanwhile never flinch, never weary, never dopalr! One Vote For Old Fesfus Edng lines of cliff-breaking have left a chasm (between Chapel Hill and me) and in that cham are foam and yellow sand." There is nobody I f.ir. on this side now living in Chapel Hill. Henderson. I am accustomed, however, tc , speaki n to small audiences. Maybe some few rmgh be m terested in the history of piapel . Hill. So it i . Dr. Henderson's fine letter of the 25th in re i the or.?m of the familiar quotation and by f "nstan he Negro" barber, to Dr. Alderman: "Much karmn0 hath made thee mad." nb. Dr. Alderman needs no reminder, Tom proDa bly does. He was the most interesting Negro I ever . saw. White to about the fourth or fifth degree. I knew him in the summer of '93. He was continually handing out something like that quoted by Dr Hen derson as being the word of Epaminondas to Thenv istocles. His sayings were quoted by banquet speak ers provoking laughs for their unique wit and ridic ulous , displays of assumed learning. Dr. Manning often stopped in the shop on his way mornings to class to get a shave or a trimming to the little fringe left around the lower edges of his classical Roman centurion head, and entertained the class with Tom s "latest". He was a great barber, had a revolving sort of a roller, beating anything the Fuller Brush Com pany ever saw as a head scratcher and cleaner. What reminded me so refreshingly of Tom, -as I read Dr. Henderson's letter, was that he was re puted to'have said he owned the only Bible in Chap el Hill except the big one on top of the pulpits. ' Nobody appeared to believe it but many saw signs of its truth and its adumbrations have thrown sha dows over some minds. Dr. Henderson's letter serves to revive the query: "Are there no Bibles in Chapel Hill?" Nobody expects any, in connection with the University nor with the learned that nestle around universities, but I heard a sound from the campus that there was a time and place "where there was no Greek nor Jew; no male or female" to support the Christian necessity that Negro and white children ought to. be mixed up in North Carolina school houses and knowing tht the words were quoted from the writings of St. Paul I thought probably some body had imported one since Tom's departure. The thought is discouraged by the Henderson letter. The foremost scholar of Chapel Hill's present generation, and especially a great antiquarian, pores over musty volumes of ancient lore hidden way back in the archives of forgotten centuries to find out -, that old Petronius, Nero's arbitrator (whatever that means) is said to have spoken or written to some body (whoever that was) some short time before the year 66 A.D., that being the year of his' best act his suicide (and a great act indeed it would have been if he had thought to give old Nero a sure shot next before that to his own body). It is not impossible that Festus could have picked up the expression while in Rome soon before the hearing before Agrippa, but it is also not impossible that Petronius who died 4 years after the Agrippa hearing, could have heard even in detail about the great hearings and speech of the Apostle. I vote for old Festus. See Acts 26-23. If Dr. Henderson had thought of it, I believe he wrould too. The stage set ting is so very inviting to just exactly such an ex planatory speech. Paul's learning and eloquence had just recently made old Felix tremble and spell bound Agrippa was exclaiming: "Almost thou per suadest me to be a Christian". It was exactly the moment, and fully calculated to produce the state ment quoted at the above citation. With great de ference to the letters of the many learned men who wrote Dr. Henderson it is to be noted that the Agrippa hearing and its associated incidents and events were not written for that type of men, hence their reason and excuse for exploring the resources of classical literature and overlooking the little mat ters in Tom Dunstan's Bible. H. S. Ward, ' 1 Washington, N, C. The Big Job Nobody Wants Stewart Alsop WASHINGTON To judge from the wav the Democrats are talking nowadays, they are going to have to hit somebody over the head and dra" him unconscious into the Convention Hall, in order to find a candidate to run against President Eisen hower in 1956. All, or nearly all, the leading- Demorcatic1 pro fessionals believe that the President is sure to run again. All. or nearly all, believe that he is sure to win. According to reliable report, both beliefs are largely shared by Adlai Stevenson, who is account ed way out in front for the Democratic nomination Those who know Stevenson well believe that he really ha? not made up his mind whether he wnis the nomination, and that, characteristically' he won't make up his mind until he has to. Thev'also believe that if Eisenhower still looks as strong tnen as he does today. Stevenson will try to avoid bein nominated if he can honorably do so. There is. after all, nothing very tempting about being Eisenhower's s"l""uai 'amp twice hand-running There a. e even Democrats who claim (their voices audibly vibrant with hope) that Eisenhower is de erm.ned to retire, full of honors, at the end of his term. They profess to believe that the thin s already settled (that the President has tapi t h.ef Just,ce Karl Warren for the nomination- ani hat it was o make sure that Warren would accent he poisoned chalice that Attorney General Her her Brownell flew out to California , io see h n b re his appointment was announced.) Yet this sort of Democrat ice speculation hi- certam hollow. whitling-in-the-dark sound It Von tras S sharply w.th the sound of happy confidence in the vo.ee of one of the House Republics lcfd"r who rcma,ked recently: "Of course Ike , and of course he'll win. lie s the creite-t . as sreau-r. because nWj-s sure lke... ":
Daily Tar Heel (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
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April 2, 1955, edition 1
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