SATURDAY,. MAY 21, 1955
THE , DAILY, TAR H11L
- -page- tive
-THf SOUTHERN HISTORICAL COLLECTION
fl r ! B A ji
I he Souths s
ibrar
n mi
The
1
By BARBARA WILLARD
Would you ever think that the
' good housekeeper would be the
historian's greatest enemy?
Well, she is, and a greater en
emy even than fire, rats and
carelessness, which destroy
many valuable documents':
AJthough the Southern His
torical Collection in UNC's Li
brary is the "largest single col
lection of non-archival manu
script material relating to the
South in the entire nation," ac
cording to Dr. James W. Pat
ton, director of the Collection,
you might still throw in the
fisherman's angle "you ought
to see the one that got away."
Efforts to save Southern his
tory from spring cleaning be
gan before 1930, when the Col
lection was formally set up with
Dr. J. G. de Roulhac Hamilton
as the first director. Dr. Ham
ilton started out with very lit
tle money and an A-model Ford
that could "climb any red clay
hill in Dixie." He says that up
until his retirement in 1948, he
had driven "over a million miles
throughout the South" on his
acquiring trips.
There are now two and one-
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41
42
43
44
ACROSS
Thin biscuit
A salmon
( N. of
Engr.)
Before
(naut.)
Dutch
island off
Venezuela
Intimidate
Poisonous
fluid of
snakes
Blunder
Condition
Thiniy
scattered
Greek god
Back of
the neck
Tibetan
priests
Hatred
Card having
three pips
Musical
dramas
Horses
running'
a mile
. Claim as
a right
A pair
Central
deity of the
Jodo sects
. Mistake
, Fabric made
from flax
, Natural
deposit in
sheep's wool
. Rub out
, Clans
DOWN
. Walk
through
water
2. At a
distance
3. A match
played by
four persons
(Golf)
4. Sea eagle
5. Soak flax
6. Keeps
7. Aspirant to
a throne
8. Stunted
thing
9. Greek coin
3 0. Woman
of station
16. Back
18. Playfellows
19. Man's
nickname
( poss. )
20. High
(mus.)
21. Com
mon level
23. A
(Aero.)
24. Biblical
name
25. Type
measures
27. Open
(poet.)
29. Ancient
31. Silly
32. A
valley
33. Arabian
chieftain
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Atep EMTlfg
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Yesterday's Answer
31. Ancient
monetary
unit
36. Custom
37. Food
leavings
39. Large worri
40. Regret
I'd
in
51
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34
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31
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53
24-
half million pieces in the Col
lection that have been salvaged
from musty cellars, dusty gar
rets; storage rooms, outhouses,
public buildings, attics and
chicken coops. This material
pertains to fourteen Southern
states: Maryland, ' Virginia,
North Carolina, South Carolina,
Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mis
sissippi, Louisiana, Texas, Ar
kansas, Tennessee, Kentucky
and Missouri.
Whereas grandmother might
treasure Uncle Henry's diary all
her life, granddaughter Sally
might not think so highly of it,
and a valuable historical manu
script might go in the same
waste can with today's newspa
per. The Collection is designed
to gather manuscripts from they
Southern states and give them
a waterproof, fireproof, ratproof
home, where they can be used
by many as the valuable refer
ence they are.
Dr. Hamilton says, "It is dif
ficult to make people realize
the importance of preserving
old manuscripts. They often
say, 'Well, my ancestors weren't
generals or senators.' They don't
seem to realize, in many cases,
what really makes history." Ev
eryone that has a trunkful of
Confederate money stashed away
is a lead for new material.
UNWRITTEN HISTORY
"The letters of public men
are, of course, welcome, but the
letters of just plain folks are
the authentic sources of infor-
, mation as to what people wore;
. what they ate; what they made;
what morals they had; what re
ligious beliefs, what politics and
what family medical treatments
j they employed." Dr. Hamilton
continues. "Along with ' that
I comes the history of the South
that has never been written. We
want the phoilosophy and the
actual dives of our ancestors and
not just an historical diet of
datps and battles."
What happens to these docu
ments? First, they are air open
ed and flattened. Next comes
arranging them in chronological
order. Then an assistant writes
and analysis of the group and
places it in front of the manu
scripts. There is no printed material
in the Collection. It is all man
uscripts or photocopies of man
uscripts. There are account
books, muster rolls, conscript
orders, court dockets, order
books of the Revolution, maps,
travel records, old recipes, farm
diaries, student records and let
ters of all kinds, such as from
a Confederate soldier to his
father.
One such letter from Civil
War days reads, "I want you to
send me a box of vituals and a
dish of ogolio and that is a dish
of different kinds of meat and
send me some butter and some
honey and potatoes and one
pickle if no more and just as
many things as you want and
send me two or three plugs of
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Si
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FILING AWAY AT THE HISTORICAL COLLECTION
... the South has a heritage; part of it's here
San Perdue's tobacco and some
apples if you have got any. I
believe that is all I want." Has
time changed things?
HISTORY FLESH & BLOOD
Other letters of this period
give eye-witness accounts of
such battles as Vicksburg and
Gettysburg; they give flesh and
blood to history. An excerpt
from another Confederate sol
dier's letter to Dad: "We had
general review yesterday by
Genl R E Lee Thare was a good
many young girls out to see us
and they saw a grand sight for
thare was several thousand sol
diers in three lines the girls are
like the paper says they look at
the means coat collars to see
who has got the most stars and
stripes and the one that got
the most he the man for them."
Among the many phases of
Southern history, the Collection
covers three in greatest detail:
(1) the social system of the old
South, (2) the Confederacy and
the Civil War, and (3) the plan
tation system and slavery.
One reason for the wealth of
material on the Civil War, Dr.
Hamilton explains, is that "there
were no censors in the Civil
War. The GIs of that day could
write home about most anything
they wanted and many of them
wrote home about everything
... things that would put the
modern soldier in the guard
house in short order . . . The
censor today gets what future
historians would like to have."
Dr. Patton, who became di
rector in 1948, after Dr. Ham
ilton's retirement, has just re
turned from a trip to Virginia
to seek out material. On this
trip he obtained for the Collec
tion, correspondence of Peter
Hagner, third auditor of the
United States.
Dr. Patton also showed me an
old diary he happened to find
in a book store in Virginia. He
was not sure who had written it,
but on examination it appeared
to have been a farmer whose
sons took produce to neighbo
ring towns daily. There was a
faithful record of the daily wea
ther, and on Sunday, such rec
ords as "Brother Fortune
preached. I slept. 22 to dinner,
excepting the family." He clos
ed the diary with "The year is
1869, is gone and we are spared
to the close and should feel our
selves under renewed obligation
to an alwise Providence for the
Official Gives
Address Here
Dr. Roland Cross, secretary
of the Far Eastern Committee of
the National Council of Church
es in New York, yesterday ad
dressed a luncheon meeting in
Lenior Hall.
Dr. Cross' appearance here
was sponsored by local minis
ters. The public attended the
meeting.
blessings received and ask a
continuance of the same." Then,
as if to safeguard that "contin
uance," he had added "Rustin
& Aspinwalls (chill & fever rem
edy)." Dr. Patton says people are
still not too willing to part with
things they feel are too per
sonal. In many cases, however,
collections are borrowed and
microcilmed with the owner's
permission. Another feature
that makes grandpa's diary a
little easier to come by is that
in return for an original diary,
the collection will furnish the
family with a certain number of
type-written copies, in some
cases. '.
SLIGHTLY DANGEROUS
' Other problems that arise in
securing material are " getting
the people to deliver once they
have promised material and
competition from other collec
tions' being started in the South.
Generally, however, Southern
ers, once they realize the impor
tance of such a collection, are
1 glad to place their " manuscripts
there for public use. Dr. Ham
ilton says Only" twice were peo
ple ever rude to him once
when he knocked on the door in
the midst of a domestic feud
and another time, in a case of
hiistaken identity. Dr. Patton
ended up in a hospital in De
cember, 1951, on an acquiring
trip, but it was the result of a
wreck and not a staunch South-
. erner defending his great-uncle's
blacksmith's financial
s journal.
UNC records from 1781 to the
.present time are on file, as well
as records of the Di, Phi and
other campus organizations. In
, connection with the University
there are also faculty diaries,
old love letters, minutes of
Every aspect of past Southern
meetings and student diaries.
, life is recorded -in the Collec
tion, which has been a valuable
source for ooOks, theses, dis
sertations arid for1 anyone seek
ing a good ofd-iashioned recipe
for corn-pdtieVi31,
The South may have lost her
place in tK sun - almost a cen
tury ago, but the Southern His
torical Collection is seeing to it
that she quickly regains it.
They even, have confederate
money on file for the rise.
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