. Saturday; e!ruary i, "si PACE TWO THE DAILY TAR HEEL UNC Must Reassert Her Leadership In A New Age r rnivtiVitus. s;iys Dr. Robert M.iynaul Iluuliins with character istic scorn lor academic icons, have ceased to be "(enters of independ ent thought and criticism." The ainpc enfant terrilile of higher education goes ever fur ther. Their decadence is so jmr itotmccd, he declares, tliat "it would le simpler and more hopeful to cstahlish new institutions . . . than to 1 1 v tiTorm the universities to the extent that would he required." It may he unsettling to. some Tar Heels that Dr. Hutchins re in. uks were made not in one of the walnut lined cubicles of the Fund for the Republic, which he now heads, but on the campus of the University of North Carolina that most hallowed of all southern tenters of independent thought and criticism. Whatever diclaimets he might have inserted toncernin the ex lusion of "picscut company," Dr. Ilunhius his made a oint that .should tumble Chapel Hill as deep ly as. s.iv, Ann Aibor. Hcikeley or ( lamhridge. The I'niveisitv of North Caro lina still enjoys worldwide respect as a tenter of southern enlighten ment. Its reputation as a rallying point lor teason in social, econo mic and tatial inquiry is without c-4iti.it below the Mason-Dixon line. The plain fact is. however, that the I'niversitv made its reputation during the turbulent Thirties at a time when ninth of America was suit ken with a social conscience. It has not bolsteied that reputation in utent veais with anything re sembling the noteworthy accom plishments of those earlier days of t nua.;e and t aiulor. I hat is not to say that the t'ni vcisiiv ot North Caiolina is no longer a me.it university or even that t is no longer a leader in vsli.it is occasionally refeueel to. jilcasjntK. .is i he sovubevn ven.iUs .iiite. It is .ill of these things and mote. I 1 1 1 it is no longer demon .sti.iting the same dauntless atti tudes and intellectual curiosity a bout the new New South of the late U)-,os as it did about the old New .South of the mid-iu;;os. lor one thing, the I'lmnsity , Inks a stumg liginc aioimd whom to lallv. In the Uj '.os thete vvcie Howaid V. O.lmn and Flank Potter (ia- h.im. It nas (Mum vTio. with talented and deditated associates and the The Daily Tar Heel Thi; official student pablicar.on A th Publication Board of the University of North Carolina, where U Is published daily except Sunday, Monday and exam ination and vacation period? and sum mer terns. Entered as lecOnd class mat ter in the post office in Chapel lill, N. C, under the Act of March 8, 1870. Subscription rates: mailed, $4 per year, $2.50 a semester; delivered, $8 a year. $3 50 a semester. Kditor DOUG BLSELE A?sociatc Editor FRANK CROWTIIER Mlmajingditor ALYS VOORIEEES News Editor PAUL RULE Asst. News Editor ANN FRYE Sport3 Editor BILL KING Asst. Sports Editor DAVE WD3LE Cord Editor JOAN BROCK Feature Editor MARY M. MASON Business Manager JOIIN W1HTAKER Advertising Manager FRED KATZIN Librarian G LEN D A FOWLER Subscription Mgr AVERY THOMAS SPORTS ST AIT: Rusty Hammond, Elli ott Cooper, Mac Mahaffy, Jim Purks, Jim Harper. EDIT STAFF Whit Whitfield, Curtis dans, Jonathan Yardley, Barry Win ston, Gail Godwin. NEWS STAFF Davis Young, Ann Fryc, Stanford Fisher, Edith MacKinnon, Fringe Pipkin, Mary Lcggctt Brown ing. Ruth Whitley, Sarah Adams. Mar ion Hays. Parker Maddry, Charlie Sloan, Ed Rowland. BUSINESS ST A FT Walker Blanton, John Mintcr, Lewis Rush. Proof Reader PEBLEY BARROW Night Editor PEBLEY BARROW aid of Rockefeller money, carried on a monumental series of studies of the South which was to culmin ate in the publication of Southern Regions Of The United States in 1936 by the University of North Carolina Press. It was at Chapel Hill that sociologists dared to un dertake studies of the Negro, his psychology as well as his sociology: of the sharecropper and his plight: of the cotton fanner in general: of cotton altogether; of the wasted re sources of the South: of the his torical myths that blocked the re gion's progress and prosperity. It was after such trailblazing re search ami bold leadership that the late W. J. Cash was able to write in The Mind of The South "that a decisive breach had been tnadc in the savage ideal, in the historical solidity and rigidly en acted uniformity of the South that the modern mind had been estab lished within the gates, and that here at long last there was spring ing up in the South a growing body of men small enough when set against the mass of the South but vastly large when set against anything of the kind which had ever existed in Dixie before who had broken fully or largely out of that pattern described by Henry Adams in the case of Rooney Lee and fixed by Reconstruction: men who deliberately chose to know and think rather than merely to feel in terms fixed finally by sou thern patriotism and the prejud ices associated with it: men capable of detachment and actively en gaged in analysis and criticism ot the South itself." It is easy to argue that the prin cipal battles were won during the Thirties, that the University's in spirational leadership provided the breakthrough and that forces to sense and sanity rose up all oer the South to establish a new order based upon a realistic appraisal ot leal anil imagined problems. Hut this is to say that Dixie's house is in order, that no new hobgoblins of the spirit have re placed those of the Thirties, that a massive social and economic: crisis hardly exists at all. That is not the wa the woild woiks and it is not the way the South works, either. Festering in Dixie today aie pio blems and issues of terrifying com plexity. They involve the status ol the Negro, the future of apicul ture, the ellec t on the economy ol a sudden postwar wave ol indust rialization, the terrible necessity of regional planning, the continu ing waste of great natural resotuccs. the lingering poverty of many of the South's people, the strengths and weaknesses in southern in stitutions and folklore, the social and economic frontiers still to be pcnetiated, the swift changes in the regional culture that war, depres sion and finally piosperity have brought about and, most iniport and, a new and realistic inventory of the actualities of what is to be done. The battles have not been won. Vet all around us guardians of the status cpio are practicing, with windy evocations of the past, the same old immutability, the same old obstinance. There is a terrified truculence toward even the evolu tionary changes common to a dyna mic society because these changes are either misunderstood or dis trusted. This condition confronts the University can no longer afford to live in the glow of past triumphs. It has an obligation to mobilize its forces and act, to rise above complacency and illusion. Exploration of the socio-econo mic condition of the South today will require fully as much courage, candor, independent thought and constructive criticism as was the case in the Thirties. If anything, it will require more, for certain aged-in-anguish orthodoxies have not been recently challenged in North Carolina. They have grown wild and weedy for a decade. The leadership in this great ad venture must come from a young, eminently promising but still un tested inheritor of the mantle of Frank Porter Graham. His name is William Clyde Friday. . WISE AND OTHERWISE: Interviews: Pointers For The Graduates By WHIT WHITFIELD One of the most traumatic ex periences that every graduating senior must face eventually is the job interview. Most of the large companies will have representa tives in Chapel Hill during the next three months for this express purpose, so it might be well to point out some of the secrets of a successful interview. In a word, these secrets can be summarized casualness. No interviewer rel ishes the idea of facing dozens of hyper-sensitive neurotics. Relax. Remember to report to your in terview just a few minutes late. Show him that you're not a mach ine whose life is regulated by a clock. Make him realize that you're human. Look casual. White bucks, kha kis, and a sweater, plus a day's growth on your face will suffice. Light up a cigarette, but remem ber to offer him one. (This is im portant.) Don't speak unless spoken to. Give him that "what can you do for me" smile. If he offers his hand for an introductory shake, give him the squeeze. Don't let him think you're a softy. Business needs a strong hand these days. Don't put your feet on the desk unless he does. This is a hallmark of casualness. but you don't want to overdo it. If you chew tobacco or gum. be sure to offer him some. Don't be surprised by some of the questions he asks, even though you may consider some of then) quite personal. Answer in a sub dued yes or no. Don't give him the idea that you're a talkative sort. Change the intonation of your an swers so that he may see the vari ety of talents you have. If the interviewer should ask you point blank about your 'accom plishments on your possible as sets for his company, blow your own horn. Tell him how good you are. Don't be modest. This may be the last chance he will have to see you. Jf lie should ak why your aca demic average is so low. tell him that most of the faculty were in a conspiracy against you because of your intellect. Not being a mem ber of this sacred in-group, the company representative will sym pathize with you. lie sure to ask what the start ing salary is at his company. Let him know that you're not avail able if the salary is low. This will elicit a favorable response, and he will admire you for your high standards. Don't stay longer than you had intended; your time is valuable. Then ,he may have something else to do also. Give him another of your super shakes and smile. You cinched the job. "Everybody, Now In The Good Old Summit Time, In The Good Old Summit Time" GOETTINGEN LETTER 'ViV "TV "? i i9jr& '&e! wAitlHf'ro voir VIEW FROM THE HILL News Of Exam Period Analyzed Iiy CLUTIS GAS'S Examination time is a time for getting behind on the news. The following series of brief opinions will summarize some of the more important, to this writer happen ings during the examination pe riod. In the realm of foreign affairs the U. S. received a distinct ami deserved slap in the face on the island of Okinawa. Karlier this yea-, the U. S. in fluence in Okinawa was shown as being on the decline when the citizens of the town of Naha elect ed a Communist mayor. U. S. officials in the area found a way of disqualifying the man for the post, and set up a new election. There were two candidates for the office of Mayor of Naha. Both were anti-American. The Okin awans voted overwhelmingly for .the one who expressed the most v ohemont anti-American senti ments. It should by now be evident that American influence in the politi cal affairs of foreign peoples is not only wrong, but unprofitable. What the U. S. stands to lose is one of its most important air force bases in the Far East. It further stands to lose an ally, and could conceivably drive the Okinawau people into Communist hands. The U. S. would not welcome in terference by other nations into its own governmental processes. It had better expect the same type of cold reception at any time it tries to interfere in the govern mental processes of other nations. Again the U. S. must keep the ideal of self government and self determination in mind when it deals with the people of other na-tions. The Vanguard project received its obituary notice, when difficul ties forced test postponement, and made the Army's Jupiter-C mis sile the probable first U. S. satel lite carrier. The significance of this is that the difficulties of inter-service rivalry became all too apparent. In the Vanguard the U. S. de veloped a highly specialized vehi cle capable of putting a small satellite aloft. It in no way would have been able to put aloft a satel lite containing a dog or anything much heavier than the twenty pound satellite it was designed for. Hence, when Russia put Laika aloft in Sputnik II, the Vanguard project was outdated. Moreover, the difficulties in Vanguard could have been ironed out much earlier if the resources of the scientist on the other programs could be used in combination with the Van guard people for all the projects. Vanguard might not have been the dismal failure that it turned out to be. with all the added accoutre ments of loss of prestige. In the field of missiles the gov ernment has gotten a little wisdom in at least one field, when it plan ned to go full speed ahead on the Polaris project, which, as it is a missile to be fired from a sub marine and hence is mobile, rep resents the U. S.'s best chance of stopping the Russian challenge. It depends on whether the U. S. effort is in time and quantity enough to beat the Russian challenge. This columnist did a little re search for examinations and found out that in 145 the U. S. spent 100 billion dollars, 80 billion of which went to the military establishment. This effort was made so that the U. S. might win the war in Europe and the Far East. Currently, the U. S. is spending 74 billion dollars of which 39 bil lion dollars goes to the defense establishment. Add the factor of the value of the dollar in 1958 in comparison to the value of the dol lar in 1945. and one finds that the U. S. is spending approximately one-third of its 1945 defense ex penditure and two-thirds of its 1945 overall expenditure in order to preserve the peace and keep America free. It is high time that the Ameri can people were forced to realize that preserving peace and safety is as important or more important than winning a war. CO Z irWffriTHis sarosX j! LIKE A GOOD 11 I A TEEN-ASE I 02 H0UJ ABOUT THIS ONE, 11 1 WAS ATEEN-A6E CAMEL T)lVE2 ? CUHICMONE 0UOLiLDI DONV YOU LIKE TO SEE? A . nr ITS DIFFICULT TO MK A DECISION CUHENV0U HAVS A CHOICE BETWEEN TO SUOl OBiioasLV fine pictures' 2A ?- H 3 v ( n U JQ DC UJ Z a. a. a U -a O O o a. Yfl'J. A PLEA, MAY 05UI2V2 P?IN0 0UT T. A MQUSe. . LKNOVV THAT MICB 15. .THAT AVAN W NO MAN, NO K4PCTW MAN 6 A R.BA Hg MJ6HT ; p5 A VUG, HE MiCjHT EVpN AIN'T 01HIT fozrr- Jt'! THAT'g HASP AUU HwJrff hasp upgf r COULD 05 A 9U(5 WITH ONg A?M TlgP Atf'tiD OP AW " HAVE ' iTgAsy-'you gvge H0A2 TVg VAXIM CQ1Y A5M IN A KUbT. 1 ' 23 UOW'O YOU LIKE ID 0g WOffKW IN A ffZC7 HOBO? TO TALK TO 3UT THM SiSANUgSS MCTH& ASC A PEW CK3ARST ASWgS" ..r,n euf.a ouM PUT THg PITe ON U JUL . ! 19 German Fraternitieii: Mixture Of Beer, Blood By DAVE DAVIS Since 1815 "Korporationen" (fraternities or stu dent societies) have existed on the campuses of Ger man universities. About 40,000 of the over 150,000 university students are members of these organiza tions, which, similar to Airerican fraternities, pro pose to promote feelings of comradeship and broth erhood among their members. The fraternity house, the athletic teams, the parties, the dances and the horseplay are all there, but there are several im portant differences which distinguish the German Korporationen from the American fraternities. The. most romantic and famous type of Burschen schaft, (Brotherhood) are the "pauken" or dueling societies. Steeped in years of tradition, the mem bers of these societies still engage in the fencing with swords which became popular during the age of Otto von Bismark (himself a Korporation mem ber here at Goettingen). The members of these so cieties can be recognized by their brightly colored caps and chest bands which they wear to distinguish themselves from other students. The main elected officers are called by the titles "X-l," "X-2", "X-3", etc. For special occasions such as the Konvent (chapter meeting) special uniforms modelled after the. military garb of the time of Frederich the Great are worn. The names of the groups, too, are remi niscent of the old days, Frisia, Germania, Allemania, Borussia, and Franconia beuig several examples. Selection to these societies is similar to that in an American fraternity. Only a minority is chosen. However, the son of an Alte Herrn ((an alumnus) is more readily received. Some boys seek members aip frv the Korporationen in hopes of getting a better job after graduation, for membership is a life-time thing and the older members are usually willing to help their younger successors. This feeling of brotherhood, is quite strong, particularly due to the fact that the fraternities are local and not national. Each Korporation has only a single chapter, but the members of a family would all belong to the same one in order.. that the tradition be more fully car ried out Before one can become an active member, one must serve about a one year's term as a fuchs ("fox" or pledge). During this period he will carry out many duties, the most important being fencing prac tice, that he may one day prove his worth auf der Mensur. (that is, in a duel against a member of an other such group). I was able to be present at such an event and will describe it as best I can. 4 The event took place on a Saturday morning in a Pauklokale ((banquet room in an inn) on the out-- -skirts of Goettingen. About 200 members of various fraternities were present to witness a slate of seven scheduled matches which were to take place. Wom en and alcohol were barred from the scene. The. first two combatants, of approximately equal size,, s and skill, took their places a swords length apart, to await the announcement of their bout. Their necks, chests, and right arms were protected by, heavy thick padding, and their eyes and nose by a " heavy metal guard. They were each armed with a three-foot epee which was sharpened for about six" inches from the point. Two armed seconds were standing nearby to assist in the proceedings. A ' physician and the referee, an experienced swords man, were also present. The referee announced the two combatants and Korporationen, and called for the party to begin. The first second yelled, "Hoch," bitte!" and the men raised their swords. The other 0 second answered, "Sie liegen aus!" (you begin), and at the word, "Los!", the first swordsman attempted to slash the opponent on the top of the head or on ' the cheek. The opponent parried, then tried to re-1 turn a blow. After four blows, a round was ended;'" For thirty rounds the swordsmen fought on, each standing perfectly still, moving no part of their ' bodies except their right arms; any ducking move-: ment or a show of fear or pain would be sign of womanliness, and could mean expulsion from the'f group. At the end of the thirty rounds, each of the : combatants had several cuts on their heads and ' faces, which were soon sewn up by the doctor. The boys will wear these scars proudly, as a sign that they have proved their courage auf der Mensur. That night the Brueder (brothers) celebrated the . courage of their new members with a Kneipe (beer blast). The Kneipe began about 8 o'clock at night : in the banquet hall of the Verbindungshaus (fra-, ternity house). The brothers and guests from many -other fraternities, all dressed in colors, took their places before large steins of beer. The "X-l" began the ceremonies banging his sword loudly on the? table to call for order, and then proposed a toast to . the Heimatland (home country) which he hoped would soon be re-united. All the brothers followed; course, drinking down an entire stein. The famousi German drinking songs soon filled the air. During -the course of the evening every blow of the mcrn-, ings matches were discussed, and then re-discussed by the Alte Herren who compared these with those in the old days. And the custom is at the Kneipe, when you catch the eye of someone sitting at an other table, to drink a toast to his health. p. Another interesting diversion of the German fra-' ternities is the customary Sunday afternoon Exbum-r meln. This is a trip on foot which all of the fra ternity brothers make together, usually to some out-v lying tavern or inn where coffee and cakes or beer will be taken, and the important topics of the dayi discussed. The fraternity members are in general, like most ; Germans, intensely interested in political affairs. Although they have no definite general commit-' ment, they are as a whole extremely anti-Commu-1 nist, and the majority being supporters of the Ade nauer government They still remain in contact with their brothers in the Soviet zone, and have as their general theme "The Re-unification of Ger many." Although all Germans do not agree with" the Korporationen about many things, they, make no pretenses in supporting them in this.