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' SATURDAY, JANUARY 10, 195 THE DAILY TAR HfIL MCI nvo Gambling Trials r r I lu .intliliir.; tiials of Thursday nijht art .4iu l tniiiiiise cut of the Russian purges. fen students kctc hiouht up for trial. I I u-y uric com i( led and were set up as an cvimplo of what happens to had hoys who jLumhlf. 'I hey were "ivcn .sentences, and the Smdeni Cmiiuil u .sinned a pious attitude to uh.it thev were cluing, nltliou;!i they aclmit leilly all lue ;.unhlel at one jioint or an oiher. j It may he thai the Student Council hopes lv senilis a ptcccdent to set students away liom their paths as prolessional eavel sharks and into the p.uhs of i i;hteousness through leu. I lu v n) he reminded that the Pilgrims auie to Ameiica to escape ieliious and mni.il perset ution. I hete may he something wroni; with i;am-hiiii-4. It may he a disease that can permeate and tot a (ommunity so that all that is left i one hi;; ':mho. hut it seems quite doubtful. I he funny part is that in a democratic sex icty that .nciiiu' is supHsedly open to all citiens, in r a deiiMK r.uie society is supposed to pro ten the indixidual's freedom of choice However, to the majotity of UNC resi dents samhlins is not necessarily such an evil. Indeed, to some it is sjmi t and some it is rec ication. and to i)v'(. it docs not mean the depsivation of an education. To the A it in iv mean a deprivation, hut it must he re memheied that it was deprivation hy choice, and ;-t the a.e el eighteen a person is able hv t hoiu" to make his own decisions. At siuiie time or another he must learn to stand on his own two feet and take the rcsjMinsi hilitv lor his actions. Neither the University, the Student Council, nor any other body has the liht to dictate one's own moral conduct. None of these should serve as a substitute mother. Childicn should be weaned at a youns ae. Students should be morally wean ed hemic the come to college. It is still a question as to what authority the Student Council has to try students for amblius. It does not seem unbecoming a gentleman to gamble. Although it may be quite uubctomins if he docs not pay his S.imblins debt. However, the l.v.ter is also not an aua for :he Student Council since the Student Council was not set up as a collection as n( . Student Council Chairman Jim Lone; has said that the Council' purpose was "to cor tc(t as welt,- protect.' and protection may mran the secrecy that the trials arc conducted under. Indeed the Stduent Council rightly tcNcals no names, but Student Council pro- ceding are not sacred to ciil courts, and the civil judicial can very well subpoena all the iccoids of the Council, use the Council ; witnesses, and icvcal whatever names it wants to. Indeed, the Student Council's con viction is an open imitation to civil action. I his is suic ly piotec ting the defendant in the best way possible. , As lar as correc tion is c one ci ned, those who do not bc!ice gambling to be, normally wiong. and this gioup is large and includes the editor of The Daily T;iT Heel, the col lation senes the purjwisc of showing that it is bad to get caught. Tor the Council tcrset themselves upas the (.od limine ol the campus and protect stu dents horn the evil of gambling, is equally wiong. Pan of an education is experimental. And pel haps the hcMthiest experience for a student is to gamble and lose, for he might not be epiite so tempted to earn his living in this manner. Ap.ut Irom the sheer hyjx)crisy of the Council using people for gambling when the ir own admissions say that they have gam bled in one form or another themselves, they taise an inteiesting point. This is the ques tion of when is gambling, gambling. The answer they have tried to give is that gambling becomes gambling when the stakes get too high. Put, this does not suffice. Some people can allotd higher stakes, and some must gamble at lower ones. All who gamble are not evil. I.vcn those who gamble at high stakes aie not evil, provided they do not stack the deck, use marked cards, or other devices to win illegally. The answer to the dividing line question comes somewhere else. The answer comes in the same place as the answer ol freedom in any democracy. A per son's righ: of choice ends where another's begins. Thus, it is not the stakes that are in volved but how the game is played that is impoii.int. Most campus gamblers arc honest. I he y have to Ik- or they wouldn't find a game, a bet. or even a match. The Student Council has been a very hon est group in. the past. They have done their job conscientiously and thoroughly. This is just one time that they have stepped into left lield to catch a lly hall around the home plate. The editor is willing to wager five dollars that they do not succeed in driving gambling horn the campus. The editor is also willing to wager a bonus dollar that the gambling pioblem is not as big as the "responsible" student leaders would like to make out. 5 Holidays Ron Shumate Holidays are, as a whole, rather mad. mnd, maddening, wouldn't you say? Now that we've been back al most a week, we have almost rid ourselves ol all the nightmarish oc curences of the two weeks. Holidays begin rather routinely, with the mad rush to get packed and get away supposedly back to serenity. Rut oh no, not on your life. The first night you get home you sit up until the wee hours of the mom not watching the Jack Paar show but talking over "things" with parents "Things" such as: "Are you getting enough to eal, Johnny dear?" (So who eats, ar redy?); and "You haven't let any of those boys up there talk you info drinking, have you, Johnny dear?'' (Hie); and "Are we ..sending you enough money, Johnny Dear?" (Yes, $23 a month is quite suffi cient); and so forth and on and on!! So, after convincing the parents of how virtuous you are, how hard you study, how much sleep you're getting, and all such things, you retire. The next few days (or daze) you spend visiting and revisiting. And everywhere you go it's the same old story: "Have some fruit cake and coffee?" Fruit cake and cof fee!! Aggghhh! But finally you visit some kind souls who don't gag you with. fruit cake and cof fee. They offer you fruit cake and Following Christmas day, "over the river and through the woods, to grandmother's house we go." And with a visit to "grandmother's house" come the inevitable: "My, my. hasn't dear little Johnny grown;" and "Now, Johnny, you listen to your old grand-dad. You watch out for those evil women up (here. Dack when I was in col lege ...."; and "Have some fruit cake and coffee;" and on and on it goes, in a never-ending cycle of frustration and utter disgust! After one of "those" tremendous meaU of grandmother's comes the "setting around and talking" ses sion. The men-folk sit around and talk of old politics, old cars, old schoo'-days (again) and how old their wives are. But, on the other, hand, the women-sit around and talk of new fashions, new affairs their neighbors are having, new babies, new hair-dos and new re cipes. Finally comes the long-awaited time of departure. They say part ing is such sweet sorrow. It must undoubtedly be! You sit in the car with the motor running for 30 minutes, if you're lucky enough to get away that quickly. And all those last minutes good bys are enough to make a preach er cry in his beer. They're almost as bad as first-minute hellos. "Now you beg good, Johnny dear." (You Just watch my smoke, sis ter). "I still just can't get over how dear little Johnny's grown." (Aaaaggghhh!!). "Are you sure you don't want some fruit cake and coffee to take home with you?" (Double Aaaaggghhh!). "I promise to write this week." (Well, that's the la-st we'll ever hear from You.) After several days of recupera tion, you visit some more, receive visits, eat you-know-what, and at tend parties which come in rapid fire succession. And the morning after headaches come in equally rapid-fire succession. Finally, comes the final glori ous day. You frantically pack, at the last minute; look for text books you never opened; and again those in famous last-minute good-bys. After the last supper, you wend your weary way back to The Hill. And all the way back you wonder what you forgot. You finally re member as you enter the Beautiful Little University Village: your best pair of Sunday-go-to-meetin' shoes; four text-books and a 10,-000-word term paper; your ear muffs; and two of your riders. So, Monday it's back to classes. But for week oa endless week you suddenly scream out in the mid dle of the night, as visions (No, not sugar plums) fruit cake and coffee flash across your mental screen. "Have some fruit cake and coffee?" "Pin Constantly On Guard Agaiiistiyon Spendersr'; - . . ' The Freedom To Education William D. Patterson No truism of the modern world is more tired than to say we are living in an age of revolutionary change. Yet the strength of ths platitude is in its truth. What is remarkable is that change should have become such a constant in our modern world that we no long er marvel at it. A major part of this revolution has to do with movement by sea and land as well as by air, but chiefly by air. Only a few years ago no more than 25 per cent of the Earth's surface was readily accessible to the average traveler. Today the figure is 90 per cent. The sociological implications of this almost universal accessibility are only beginning to be compre hended. In the case of the individ ual, for example, it means enlarg ing his personal horizon as it has never been enlarged before. For travel, in the most personal sense, is a unique medium of person-to-person communication. Some fifty million people are on the move an nually across national frontiers. They are, quite literally, experi encing a new habitat, with all the advantages that increased personal scope has to oifer. But the individual is more than a unit of humanity in transit. He is a bearer of opinions, ideas, manners, desires; he creates ef fects and absorbs them. He can bring understanding or misunder standing. In any event, he is now a major factor in the relationship among nations. Anything that inter feres with his freedom of move ment, therefore, not only runs counter to the dominant trend of living history but interferes with his potential usefulness. Indeed, to the basic American freedoms we .must now add the freedom to travel. And any interference with the freedom to travel should con cern the American people to no less an extent than interference with speech, press, religion, or as sembly. Yet the freedom of men to travel is being restricted in this country and elsewhere by the unwise ac tions of various governments, even as official policies in support of travel are widely and earnestly promulgated. In many cases, gov ernments preach an open universe, but bureaucrats practice a closed world. In an official report to Pres ident Eisenhower on international travel. Clarence B. Randall, Spe cial Assistant to the President, de clared alter several months' in tensive study of U. S. tourism abroad: , "I hold the strong conviction that tourism has deep significance for the people of the modern world, and that the benefits of travel can contribute to the cause of peace through improvement not only in terms of economic ad vancement but with respect to our political, cultural, and social rela tionships as well. "The freedom to travel is a dramatic freedom. It is a unique instrument of friendly, peaceful communication among the peoples of the earth . . . "The United States could exer cise no more powerful influence in behalf of peace than to display strong leadership in promoting through travel the interchange of friendly visits among the peoples of the world." President Eisenhower himself has spoken out clearly on the power of travel to promote understand ing within the community of na tions. Yet the State Department has withheld passports from U. S. citizens when it disapproved of their political views, has banned visits fo countries it disapproves of, and has delayed the issuance of visas to friendly visitors from abroad until they despair of ever coming to the U. S., or finally ar rive in a mood of 'angry frustra tion. Unrepentant in the face of a re cent Supreme Court decision that passports cannot be withheld from U. S. citizens simply because the Department believes they are Communists or otherwise is dis pleased with their political asso ciations, the officials at State have requested Congress with the ut most urgency to pass legislation specifically authorizing the De partdent to withhold pasports at its own discretion. The International Union of Offi cial Tourist Organization (1UOTO), the world parliament of travel to which all leading tourist countries belong, has strongly protested im pediments to the freedom to travel. The IUOTO has called upon the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations to summon a global conference on reducing all barriers to free .travel. All Americans, beautiful or ugly, Travel should be at liberty to carry their particular image of America abroad whether the State Depart ment approves of that particular image or not, This image will be a varied one, or we are an en ormously varied people. Our strength lies in the variety, not in any official image, processed, sterilized, and certified by a Fed eral agency. The travel industry, led by the IUOTO and The Amer ican Society of Travel Agents (ASTA), is aware of this strength and should be encouraged to sup port it. Freedom for one should be free dom for all. Freedom to travel should be the right, not only of all Americans anxious to know the world around them firsthand, but of all visitors from abroad who would like to see the United States in order to learn in the words of President Eisenhower, that we truly are "a friendly nation and one dedicated to the search for world peace and to the promotion of the well-being and security of the community of nations." The U. S. travel industry, as a prime agent of this eoniemorary revolution in international com munication among th-s peoples of the earth, should Tesolve during 1959 to enlarge the freedom to travel and to defend the peaceful tourist against all who, for either political, economic, or security reasons, would restrict his free movement around the g 1 o b e Travel as a force for education in world citizenship and for , peace and understanding among all na tions, is a standard to which. men of good will everywhere can re pair. The Saturday Review Conspiracy The Nation Little Iliock and Johannesburg, Arkansas and the Union of South Africa: the parallel is even closer than Anthony Sampson suggests. Governor Faubus and his merry men have now made the last des perate gamble of all racist demagogues they have decided to make integration synonymous with communism. The Arkansas Stale Leg islative Council, protected by armed stale troopers, has teen holding hearings in Utile Rock to "prove" the predetermined proposition that "racial unrest" in that city is part of "the international scheme of the Russian Kremlin." J. B. 'Matthews, of the House Committee on Un-American Activities, and State Attorney General Bruce Bennett, are the chief witnesses. The conspiracy began, it seems, some twenty three years ago with the founding of Commonwealth College. Then along came the Southern Tenant Farmers Union, with its interracial membership and interracial committees. And in its wake were formed the Southern Conference for Human Welfare and, later, the Southern Regional Council. Four Negro colleges, the University of Arkansas and the College of the Ozarks were quietly "infiltrated" by contrib utors to the Southern Regional Council. Then the Fund for the Re public contributed ; "several thousand dollars" to the Southern Re gional Council a telltale circumstance, since "a Mr; Ashmore" is a member of the board of directors of the Fund. (This, of course, would be the Harry Ashmore of the Arkansas Gazette.) The gallant Mrs. L. C. Bates, who has led the fight to integrate Negroes in the Little Reck school system, is made a party to the conspiracy by reason of the circumstance that her husband contributed to the Southern Conference Education Fund. All of this, of course, is in the. savage repression pattern of the Union of South Africa. So. if apartheid borrowed from "Jim Crow ism," the debt is now being repaid: Jim Crowism is aping apartheid racism. Once again Governor Faubus has obligingly confirmed the most serious charges of his most severe critics. As rapidly as circum stances will permit, he is busily proving that he is a racist in the Strydom mold. The attempt to prove that "integration" ; is synony mous with communism will fail iriLittle Rock as eventually it must fail in Johannesburg; but, before , it does, some . of . little Rock's foremogt citizens are likeljro be smeared Their consolation if such it be is that they could not be smeared in a better cause. Hubart T. Steele Jr. The following deals primarily with education at the University of North Carolina, but those things which I am about to discuss are not peculart to Chapel Hill; they can be found in most institutions of higher learning in America. Before public education reached the present level children .were able to obtain very little formal education, almost none if their pa rents were not wealthy. Their ed ucation had to be obtained on their , own by reading, questioning ;jnd observing. But then, how else can. one learn? How can someone teach except to guide our minds to the proper references for us to learn on our own? The. National Student Association states that the urpose of a uni versity is to perpetuate and en large the sum total of human knowledge. How can the sum total of human knowledge . be perpetu ated without knowing what came before? And how can one be ex pected to enlarge upon this knowl edge without learning to think for himself? . Most college graduates know nothing of the intellectual heritage bequeathed to our civilization by the great cultures of the past. Furthermore, they have no inkling of the nature of our own civiliza tion. They are totally unprepared to deal with present problems be cause they have never learned how these difficulties were dealt with before. This may be a chal lenge to their training, common sense and reasoning, but how much better it would be if they realized how helpful the past can be. The practice of Law is based largely en precedent, and justly so, be cause we can study our predeces sors' handling of a particular case and profit by their decisions. The Greek and Roman Civilizations have much to offer if the student would just delve into them. But how many college graduates have read Plato, Aristotle, Augustine and others all of whom lead to an understanding of the past? In our own Western background, Shake speare, Milton and Chaucer are the only authors of whom students become aware. Professors fill their lectures with facts taken directly from a text when they should be, elaborating on those facts relating them to other facts and ideas so .that. one. not only memorizes but also learns and understands. Class periods should be. used, for explanation, questions, and elaboration; if they are not used for these purposes, the student would be much better of studying and reading on his own with no restrictions whatso ever on class attendance. Many times these memorized but misun. derstood, facts are examined ob jectively. This is permissible if the instructor is " interested in testing oaly the memorization and not the application of the facts. Could it not be possible that many are sim ply too lazy to grade subjective ex aminations? Because of the influence of John Dewey on the American education al, system, jthe emphasis on all le vels of education has shifted from teaching people to think, to reason, and to understand, to that of teaching them. how to make, to construct and to do, without ever understanding why. If, as Descar tes said, cogito ergq sum, "I think, therefore I am," and if the quality-which distinguishes Man . from his lower relations on the evolution al scale is his ability to reason, then mankind, is currently, losing his uniqueness and. certainty cf being and the course of evolution is in the process of reversing it self. The apostles of Dewey's prag matic theory profess to teach "learning by doing." But thinking cannot be taught by pragmatic, utilitarian methods. The fuel of thought is ideas. Unless the fuel is ignited, the process of accumu lation facts is pointless. Those who profess this system should carry its philosophy one step further and say: "learn to think by thinking;" unfortunately, they do ..not- and most schools of education instill the primary and secondary school icstructors with this method of tc aching. They know the methods bat not the subject. Students taught in this manner bring with them to college no ideas and so back to t'.ie primary levels they go, con tinuing the vicious circle. Who shall, ney, who is capable of break iag it? Vanishing American ' " " PWlCarlton Good old pre-registration is come and almost gone, but never forgotten. The strains and stresses of this hectic experience send unnerved students cowering to dark corners, where they remain until their flaggering courage is sufficiently bolstered to face humanity. Some don't ever come. out. They just hide until the next registration period arrives, at which point they sally bravely forth,, to renew their assault upon the portals of education. I have, in the course of my harrying experience: with pre reg., set down a record of some of the idiosyncracies of that ephemaral, little seen and highly sought after individual, the faculty advisor. The advisor is a man of many talents. He instructs, writes, does research and raises a family. This in itself is not so unusual, but the fact that he fulfills his obligations without being seen by anyone at all Ls an amazing feat. No matter , how hard one looks, no advisor is to be found. On days when he's to be in his office, students nervously arrange for appointments and take seats outside the closed office door. Always there's someone ahead in line and he's inside. Hours pass. No students enter, none leave. Eventually-the last hangers on give up and cancel their appoint ments. The secretary cheerily advises a return visit at a later date. This can go on for weeks. Always there's the closed door and dead silence.. No one enters or leaves the office. Eventually one begin? to notice that students are getting most of their ad vice thru the secretary, who acts as an intermediary between student and advisor. Paperwork is handled there also. Some sly students try to arrive at the office ahead of time so as to catch the highly elusive rascal coming in, but this never works. One enterprising young fellow reached South building just after 4 a.m. At 9 the secretary approached and he wearily arose, a triumphant gleam in his eye. "I'd like to see my advisor please," he croaked. "Sorry, there's someone in there now," she re plied sweetly. He left school the next day. Some students try to get him on the phone. This is squelched by such coy comments from the secre tary as: "He's in conference; he's OTL; he's instructing a course in basketweaving; he's doing research in Afghanistan; he's dead; he's playing tiddly winks this afternoon with the chancellor." It's quite frus trating. Recently, startling information has come to light. I have just returned from Dix Hill where I inter viewed the one man who has actually seen his fac ulty advisor. He told a strange story. It seems that he waited outside the office until he couldn't stand it anymore. Then one day he got up and went in, causing consternation among his fellow waiters. The door snapped shut behind him and he was in a plush office with no one. There was no one behind the massive. He looked carefully about, then ducked behind a curtain as the secretary. He was astounded as she addressed the empty desk concerning some academic matter. But he was dumbfounded when an ethereal voice gave l reply. The secretary left, thanking the invisible speaker cordially. Shaken, the student emerged and examined the desk for signs of life. Almost immediately he found the source of advice, a small black, sneaker sitting on the desk top. A wire led toward another part of the building. Cold dread seized the student but he reso lutely determined to. get to the bottom of this enig ma and set out. tracing the wire through the, next room and into the woodwork. Eventually he traced the wire into the sub-sub-basement, where he was confronted hy a small door. A warning sign upon the. door denied him access to the room adjoining, toward which the sneaker wire ran. Throwing cau tion to the wnids, he threw open the door and was overwhelmed by the odious sight before him. A metallic humming filled his head and nausea shook his frame. At this point in the story he went to pieces and it took me 20 minutes to get the terrible secret from him. When I left thev were putting the un fortunate fellow into a strait jacket. I hesitate to reveal this secret to mankind, for it must surely destroys our confidence in truth. You see, the head advisor, that fountainhead of knowl edge whence comes the decisions that affect our livea and plans, the great benefactor of college stu dents is UNTVAC. But I'm not worried. Hee Hee. The butterflies will take care of me. Look how they fly in the air. Pretty butterflies. You aren't mechanical. I think I'll go weave a basket for -Teedlemonger. He'll like that. " - Seriously, it is a shame that the advisors are so overworked. Often these hard working people are inconvenienced in their desire to aid the students with their problems. Students, too, spend much val uable time. waiting in outer offices when they could be putting it to better use. It would be highly de sirable if something could be done to remedy this situation, thus alleviating the pre-ssure on both fac ulty advisor and student. Let's hope it's done soon. atlp tEar Heel The official studem publication of the Publication Board of the University of North Carolina, where it is . published daily except Monday and fj v End summer terms. f J"- Entered as second TV rtflss mattpp in th if i . cst office in Chapel Hill, N. C, under the act of March 8. 1870. Subscription rates: $4.50 per se mester, $8.50 per ear. v t- .r m t. in Editor CURTIS CANS Managing Editors CHARLIE SLOAN. STAN FISHER News Editor ANN FRYE Associate Editor ED ROWLAND Business Manager WALKER BLANTON Sports Editor RUSTY HAMMOND Advertising. Manager FRED KATZIN Circulation Manager BOB WALKER
Daily Tar Heel (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Jan. 10, 1959, edition 1
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