Page 6
UNC NEWS
Thursday, August 25, .1960
Local Botanists Wage War On Mosquitoes
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CAROLINA. DEMOCRATS Three Tar Heel - Washington last weekend to visit Lyndon B.
supporters of the Kennedy-Johnson ticket in the Johnson. They are, left to right, Dewey Shef-
coming November elections took time out from field, Tom Shelton, Johnson and Harve Har-
a busy campaign material gathering trip to ris.
Quotes Spoken To Insurance Men
'It, is not always the best doc
tor Who has the -biggest prac
tice or the best insurance agent
who sells the most - insurance.
The man who is the biggest suc
cess is the one who can best
handle people."
"Everything we get out of life
is gotten from other people. The
paydirt in managing and sell
ing are the little fundamental
facts of handling people."
With these frank words, Les
custom-designed jewelry is rare . . .
but most certainly is available
NO PRESCRIPTION
Our Pharmadtt Invites you to
bring that "harcMo-fill" prescription
to him for compounding. Ht has
Complete compounding knowledge
And training- and has, of his dis
posal, ent of the finest, most com
plete and up-to-date stocks ef drugs
anywhere. So, if your Doctor pre
scribes a "hard-to-fill" prescription
bring it to Our Drug Store and
fce sure.
YOU CAN ALWAYS RELY CN
SUTTOH'S
Drug Store
Phone 9-8781
lie T. Giblin, New York public
relations consultant, opened his
talk on human relations to the
11th annual North Carolina In
stitute of Insurance meeting
here last week. His address was
part of a day and a half seminar
on the role of public relations
in the insurance business.
"People," he said, "are pri
marily interested in them
selves. 'I, me, my, and mine
are the most used words in the
in this area. Charles hopkins of
chapel hill is one of the few
craftsmen in the country who
practices the art of handwrought,
custom jewelry, gifts in good
taste cost no more, (over sut
ton's) TOO DIFFICULT
OUR PHARMACIST
159 East Franklin St.
English, but they are not the
most useful. 'You and yours
are much better when you are
trying to make: a friend."
"About the strongest trait in
man is the desire to feel impor
tant. We who have something to
sell must learn to subordinate
our own importance to that of
the customer. The thing to re
member is that in any business
transaction the most important
person is the one spending the
money," said Giblin.
"Use a person's name often
. and pause before you answer
him to show that you think his
words merit a few seconds con
templation before an answer,"
he counseled.
"Learn to be agreeable," Gib
lin advised. "If you can't agree
with someone, at least don't
disagree unless it is absolutely
necessary. Disagreements are
usually just a clash of egos."
"Open every meeting with a
smile even before you speak.
Saying 'cheese' to yourself is a
practical bit of professional ad
vice when you meet a customer.
Facial expression and tone of
voice are keys to being like
able," Giblin noted.
"Be generous with praise, but
never praise the person, for this
may lay you open to charges of
insincerity or favoritism. Praise
the act, not the man. The same
thing goes for criticism when it
is necessary," Giblin advised
the insurance agents.
"If you have made a mistake,
admit it. If you lie, make ali
bies. or deny it, others will at
tack you; if you admit it, they
will defend you against your own
words."
Giblin summed up the prob
lem of motivation by saying,
"People do not want to 'do
good' for the sake of 'doing
good.' You must find out what
they really want and show them
that they can get what they
want by doing wat you want
them to do."
"Every salesman wants to get
a 'yes' from -his customer at
the end cf a sales conference.
The customer must be worked
into a 'yes' mood," Giblin noted.
By Martha .Adams
Shallow, muddy ponds in sou
th Georgia may provide a clue
to .a new means of. controlling '
dangerous varieties of mosqui- :
toes. Investigations are being
carried out by three UNC bot
antists. It all started back during
World War II when an army
base near Thomasville.t Georgia,
found itself besieged with mos
quitoes; some of them of the '
dangerous malaria-earring spec- '
ies, "Anopheles." The U. S. Pub
lic Health Personnel began col
lecting and examining the mos
quitoes and their larve and dis
covered that certain of the lar- .
vae were infected with a deadly,
but familiar pars it e. Unable
even to determine whether the
parasite, was plant or animal, .
the ramy sent specimens to
various universities in the area.
Samples finally came into the
hands of Kenan Professor John
N. Couch, chairman of the Bot
any Department in the Univer- -sity
of North Carolina here, who
" was, able to identify the organ
isms as "Coelomomyces," a .
small fungus which had been
known in Europe and Africa .
since the . 1920's but had never
before been found in the United
States.
. Fungus Attacks Mosquito Larvae
The fungus attacks the mos
quitoes while it is still in the r
larval stage and prevents it from
metamorphizing into a mature
adult. If it were wide enough ,
spread, it would be an effeceive
means of controlling the mos- -.
quito pest. . . v . -
Since World War II, inyestiga-
tions of the habit of the mos
quito and its parasite have been
carried out mostly by zoologists
and parasitologists. Recently, a
grant from the National Institute
. of .Health of the U. S. Public
Health Service has enabled Dr.
Couch and his assistants to be
gin study of the parasite from
the point of view of a mycologist
and a botanist.
"Many questions are still to
be answered before the fungus
can be practically used against
the mosquito," said Clyde Um
phlett, a. graduate student who
is assisting Dr. Couch in his in
vestigations. "At present the
fungus is rare, and we have not
succeeded in growing it in the
laboratory or in transplanting it
from an infected mosquito to a
healthy one."
More Facts Needed
"These are questions that can
only be answered by scientists
trained in the field of fungi,
for they necessitate knowing the
life cycle of the fungus, its mode
of reproduction, the way it in
fects the insect and where it
attacks him, and if it can suces
sfully be grown in the labora-
Contemporary
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IS!
-tory without impairing its abili
ty to kill the mosquito," jie add
ed. . . . . - , ,
; "Collection is prerequisite - to
any laboratory procedure," said
Cecil B. O'Neal, a participant' in
the -National Science -Foundation
undergraduate research program
. ..who is .helping Umphlett and Dr.
Couch with their work. "We
have spent seven weeks collect
ing larvae in the Chapel Hill and
coastal areas of North Carolina
and in Georgia, travelling a
total of 4,700 miles. In North
Carolina, we collected . several
thousand specimens but were-unable
to find ,.a single infected
larvae. In Geora, we got 2,195
and found a total of 95 nfected
ones." . " . . .
"The . fungus has also been
found as far North as Canada,"
he added, "when leals us to
believe that if we continue to
search we may still find it grow
ing naturally in North Carolina.
It is evidently :; not limited by
climate." .
O'Neil and Umphlett describ
ed the area in which the Georg
ia larvae were found as hot, with
lush vegetation and very "snak
ey." i The larve grow in shallow,
swamp ponds with water about
knee deep.
What Botanists Need To Know
"The main thing we must find
out now," said. Umphlett 'is the
method of ; infection so that we
can attempt artificial infection .
in the lab. . We suspect , that the
infecting, agent is a "zoospore,"
a one-celled, non-sexual - repro
ductive body .which is releaed
from the parent fungus at ma
turity, but we are not sure, t It
also seems that the infection en
ters the insect through, or in,
the region of its eyes since ob
servation - has shown that in
early tages the fungus is con
centrated around the eyes and
then moves out through the
body."
"In an advanced case case the
body of the larvae is literally
packed with fungus," he added.
Another aspect of the problem
is that the various species of
"Coelomomyces" are quite parti
cular about what kind of mos
quito they will attack.
"This means," said O'Neil,
"that when judging is effective
ness as a means of controlling
we must consider it in terms of
individual species within the
mosquito population and not in
terms of the whole population.
For example, out of the more
than 2000 larvae we found in
Georgia, only 93 were infected.
However, 88 of the 95 occured
in the 192 larvae of a special
mosquito species found in a
a single collecting site. This
means that the fungus had kill
ed off 46 per cent of the larvae
of that species.. Eleven per cent