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63 years of dedicated serv
ice to a better University, a
better state and a better
nation by one of America's
great college papers, whose
motto states, "freedom of
expression is the backbone
of an academic community."
Volume LXIX, No. 42
Complete (UP1) Wire Service CHAPEL HILL, NORTH CAROLINA, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 1960
Offices in Graham Memorial
Four Pages This Issuv.
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The Red Tide
(EDITOR'S NOTE: One major dispute in the current presi
dential campaign is America's prestige abroad. Newsman Sam
Summerlin, in Chapel Hill on leave from Argentina, says the
U. S. image in Latin America is taking a beating. Here's why
and what can be done about it.)
By Larry Smith
Communism's immediate goal in Latin America is not to
grab absolute control.
Rather, it is to neutralize the prestige of the United States
and, in effect, diminish America's support , in the free world,
newsman Sam Summerlin, home on - leave from Argentina,
has warned. -
Summerlin, chief of the Associated Press Bureau in
Buenos Aires, declared that America's W prestige in Latin
America has dropped considerably, -
He blamed most of the decline on shortsighted American
policies. : - " ,.; . .
"Basically," he explained, "the Latins feel we have given
aid with what they call 'mal humor' r-bad humor or grudg
ingly." I-.-.-:-.;.- . ; . '
Suggests Three Objectives '
How to combat this loss of face?
The tall, lean 1948 graduate of the UNC School of Jour
nalism suggests three objectives: .
Change our views of who the ; Latins are. We . must
treat them as equals and really have their interests at heart.
The U.S. Ambassadors must hop off their . ivory towers and
meet the people, and when competent ambassadors make
recommendations the U.S. should pay. attention.
Work with the countries instead of for them in. a id pro
grams. "The Inter-American Bank is a good thing. It's theirs
and won't cost any more. At the same time it lets them main-
Latin America: Can The United States Save Prestige?
tain their self-respect."
Be more friendly and more direct in our dealings with
the Latin American countries.
Actually, Summerlin said, no Latin American country is
more sympathetic to Russia than to the United States.
"Most of the countries don't embrace the U.S. or Rus
sia," he said.
Russia and Red China are meeing success in their aims
to neutralize the countries. .
"When the dictators too many of whom were supported
by the United States were kicked out, the other side unfor
tunately had to come in. And where the people are thinking
independently, the Free World may lose their vote," he ex
plained. Cites Brazil 1
Summerlin cited Brazel as -an example of this tactic.
Newly elected President Janio Quadros has already begun
campaigning for diplomatic recognition of Russia and Red
China. '
Venezuela was pointed to as another major country more
neutral now than five years ago.
But on the other hand, Argentina, which waited until the
last days of World War Two to declare war against the Nazis,
is probably the best U.S. friend in Latin America today, he
remarked.
"Another AP staff member and I did a story two years
ago on what Communism had in mind for Latin America.
That was even before Castro. We told how the Communist
Chinese were plugging, for recognition and what the Reds
probably had in store for Latin America. But the story met
with mixed reaction," Summerlin related. "Some papers gave
it wide play, while others felt it was too alarmist. But every
thing we said has come true." .. .
American diplomacy often suffers from f ouled-up think
ing, Summerlin lamented. "For example, when the U.S. sent
Leonard Bernstein and an orchestra to Argentina, three con
certs were given in the Colon Theater. It was a fabulous
place, but it only held some 3,000 people and those were
the higher class already on our side," he declared.
Right Idea
"The Russians had the right idea. They put on a concert
in a park bigger than Madison Square Garden. Some 25,000 of
the shirt-sleeves crowd went the ones we should have
reached."
Time after- time the United States has missed its chance
to create goodwill among its Latin American friends, Sum
merlin said.
"The Inter-American Economic Conference in Buenos
Aires three years ago was the perfect place for the U.S. ' to
win support. But we didn't do anything. Our delegation went
down and told the Latin countries they had to cut their mili
tary budgets. The U.S. failed in this opportunity to improve
relations between the countries," the speaker said.
Summerlin declared that when America finally does pro
duce some sort of crash program, it often creates resentment
because of timing it appears we are doing it merely to com
bat the Communists and not to help our Latin friends.
"When we do the right thing, too frequently we do it at
the wrong time," he asserted.
Summerlin termed it ridiculous that only one Panama
flag is allowed to fly in the Canal Zone and that until recently
even that one wasn't permitted.
"The British had a lease on the Suez but that didn't help.
It's time to work out some of these irritants which create
fricion between us," he admonished.
Widespread Interest
The U.S. presidential election has sparked widespread
interest in Latin America, particularly because of the re
ligious f actor Summerlin revealed. Of the predominantly
Catholic Argentines he has talked with, all favor Kennedy
for the same reason he's a Catholic.
As for Cuba, Latin America's treatment of Castro varies,
Summerlin told the students.
The bearded dictator is getting the cold shoulder in Ar
gentina; he is popular among many Brazilians, but he is not
well liked in Chile.
"Generally Castro has excited the Latin man in the
street against Uncle Sam," Summerlin said.
All the countries were aghast at the mass executions,
however, and this cost Castro a lot of support, it was pointed
out. "The leaders especially were shocked because they felt
the same thing could happen to them," Summerlin explained.
On the other hand, he said, Castro can win strong sup
port against the United States on some issues. He cited the
dangerous possibilities of the Guantanamo Bay dispute. "We
have to be careful about that because we are in their coun
try. Most Latin American countries don't feel strongly about
leases and wouldn't take kindly to hasty action on our part
unless, of course, Castro shot first," the speaker pointed out.
With Wife
Summerlin will be at his home in Chapel Hill with his
wife and children until mid-November before returning to
Argentina. He presented the 6th Journalism lecture of 1960
at the School of Journalism last night.
Before taking his present post, he was a reporter for Ra
leigh's Associated Press Bureau for two years, then a war
correspondent in Korea and Guatemala.
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Campus
G
ass
Of
f icers Close At Press Time; Trends Indicat
UP Ahead In Meager Count
Fraternity Vote Not Yet In
By Jim Clotfelter
Campus politics were in
full swing last night, but no
candidates had established a
definite margin in the count
ed votes.
Results as of 11:00 showed
John Kennedy, Terry Sanford,
and Ray Farris leading in yes
terday's UNC campus election.
Votes had been counted for the
first three dorm men's districts.
As of press time about mid
night, no definite trends could
be seen, however Student Party
candidates were leading in the
majority of reported districts.
Only a 1 bare minimum of
dorms had reported, and none
of the normally UP-voting fra
ternities had been counted. Due
to the closeness of the margin
and the weight of the unreport
ed fraternity vote, the concensus
seems to be that the UP would
forge ahead on the last ballots.
This is pure conjecture, how
ever. An interesting development
appeared in the race for fresh
man class president in that in
dependent Watts Carr appeared
to have gained a slight edge
over the doubly endorsed Char
les Brown..
Arm chair politicial analysts
found reason to surmise that
Carr had begun . to pull votes
from the UP, despits their en
dorsement of Brown.
The hotly contested race for
presidency of the junior class
remained up for grabs at press
time, though Ray Farris seemed
to have an edge over Jay Dei
fell. The only definites in the race
were Ward Marslender for sec
retary of the junior class, uncon
tested. Complete results will appear
in tomorrow's Daily Tar Heel.
But Election Interest
Centers On US. Ballot
Grigg To Speak
On Morehead
Day Program
UNC's student body president
is a TV moderator now.
David Grigg, student body
president, complete with make
up, will make the introductions
on student government's John
Motley Morehead Day televi
sion show on WUNC-TV.
Scheduled for 9 p.m. Nov. 3,
the 30-minute show will include
Alumni Director Maryon Saun
ders, GMAB President R. V.
Fulk. Consolidated University
President William C. Friday and
Gov. Luther Hodges. Grigg will
give the closing remarks.
Saunders will give a bio
graphical sketch of Morehead
and the other men will speak
for their segments of the Uni
versity. The Men's Glee Club, direct
ed by Joel Carter, will sing
"Carolina Loyalty," "Integer
Vitae," "The Old North State"
and "Hark, the Sound" for the
program.
Election day interest yester
day centered around the mock
Kennedy-Nixon polling. Most
poll-tenders who were question
ed predicted that there . was a
bigger turnout than last year.
Men at Old West and women
at Mclver were both said to
have shown much more interest
in the presidential voting than
in the election for class officers.
At Alexander the poll-tender
said that the dormitory would
either equal or improve upon the
90 per cent voting record last
year.
The turnout at Cobb was said
to be bigger than last year's;
there was "considerable im
provement" at Old West.
The main source of disagree
ment between the poll-tenders
questioned was over which class
was more interested in the elec
tions. A "Town Men" poll-tender
commented that, "interest is in
versely proportional to the age
of the student the younger, the
more interest."
The Manley poll-tender said
that freshmen were more ex
cited and had a better percent
age turnout.
5v
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United Press International RsgssSsM
LOS ANGELES (UPI) Sen.
John F. Kennedy Tuesday ac
cused the GOP administration
of cutting defense and de
fense employment without re
gard for national security or
the needs of workers in a way
that "should shock every citi
zen." The Democratic presidential
candidate said that defense
cuts followed by partial re
instatement of contracts
"when election day nears" is
"false economy at its worst."
Kennedy also branded as
detestable" the charge of Re
publicans in California that he
would shift defense jobs from
this heavy defense produc
tion state to "some other area
of unemployment."
Kennedy hammered away at
Vice President. 'Richard M.
Nixon, and his record as . he
opened two days of intensive
campaigning in his GOP op
ponent's home state.
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1 NIXON OR KENNEDY? Freshman
Charles Parker casts lho vote that may have
swung several of the hard-fought elections
for Carolina cl?s officers yesterday. Seated
behind the desk at ihe Y-Courl ballot box
are (I-r) Peggy Moore, Harper Beall and Bill
Clapp. - - -
(Photo by Wallace)
SYRACUSE, N.Y. Vice
President Richard M. Nixon
on Tuesday night warned the
voters of Upstate New York
against the "quack" econo
mics of Sen. John F. Kennedy.
The Republican presidential
candidate said that if Ken
nedy wins next Tuesday's
election the public can look
forward to a spurt in prices
and taxes. Under Kennedy in
the White House, Nixon saw
$6 children's shoes climbing
to $10.38 a pair, and a hike
in the price of eggs by 28 cents
a dozen.
Criticism of Kennedy
The vice president devoted
most of his campaign oratory
in Pennsylvania earlier Tues
day to criticism of Kennedy's
"never-never" economics and
federal programs which the
GOP candidate insisted would
cost an extra $15 billion annually.
Vice Presidential Candidate
To S
oeak I
ii Memorial Hall
By Wayne King
Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr., for
mer U.S. delegate to the UN,
and presently a candidate for
vice president of the U.S., will
speak Saturday night at 7:45 in
Memorial Hall.
Lodge will be met at the Raleigh-Durham
Airport at 6:00
p.m. to be taken to the Carolina
Inn where Mrs. Lodge will meet
with women votef s.
His visit here is sponsored by
Volunteer State Democrats for
IFC To Back
S500 Drive
For Algerians
By Jim Noyes
The Interfraternity Council
voted to support a campaign to
raise $500 for Algerian students
in a meeting Monday night.
"This campaign," said Billy
Riley, UNC representative of
the International Student Con
ference, "is intended to improve
education and medicine for the
impoverished Algerians."
Riley announced to the Coun
cil that the XS.C. on this cam
pus felt that the fraternities
could best help these Algerians
through the sale of $.25 Interna
tional Student Conference mem
bership cards.
Support Proposal
IFC members also decided to
support Orientation Chairman
Tina Bacnch of the Foreign Stu
dent Exchange organization in
her proposal to have a total of
22 foreign students eat all of
(Continued on page 3)
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Henry Cabol Lodge
,3
World News in Brief
4
Castro Says 250,000 Armed
; With Iron Curtain Weapons
ii i
HAVANA (UPI) Cuban premier Fidel Castro disclosed
Tuesday that an estimated 250,000 civilian militiamen are
armed with modern Iron Curtain country weapons.
Castro's disclosure coincided with deployment of 1,000
militiamen through strategic areas in the interior and the
calling up of others on an. "urgent" basis.
; " ; ;
Britain To Provide U.S. Missile Base
LONDON (UPI) Britain announced Tuesday it will pro
vide the United States with a Scottish base for American
Polaris missile submarines as a major deterrant against Com
munist aggression.
Eisenhower Warns Cuba
WASHINGTON (UPI) President Eisenhower bluntly warn
ed Cuba Tuesday that the United States will defend its $70
million naval base at : Guantanamo Bay with "whatever steps
may be appropriate" in case of attack.
Nixon-Lodge, in conjunction
with the UNC Youth for Nixon
Lodge. Lodge will arrive from Knox,
ville, en route to New York, put
ting the final touches on his
campaign tour as election day
draws near.
The vice-presidential candi
date has lately been much in
the news due to his statements
concerning his purported "prom
ise" of a responsible Negro in
the cabinet in the event of a
Nixon-Lodge victory on Novem
ber 8.
Lodge's aide, George Aldridge,
has been in Chapel Hill for sev
eral days preparing for the
talk, which will be a part of
Lodge's campaign swing through
the South.
The speech is not expected to
be lengthy, and no meeting with
the press has been scheduled as
of this writing.
Lodge will fly to New York
immediately following his ap
pearance here.
'Times' Critic,
Barry Ulanov,
Here Tonight
Barry Ulanov, renowned cri
tic for the "New York Times,"
will give the seventh Gaston
iLccture this evening at eight
in the Library Assembly Room.
His topic will be "The Claims
of Christian Humanism."
Ulanov, an associate profes
sor of English' at Barnard col
lege, is also an authority on
jazz, writing and lecturing fre
quently in both fields.
He has edited Metronome and
wrote regularly for Downbeat,
and has contributed to Vogue,
Esquire, and American Mercury,
and several professional and
religious journals.
He received his bachelor's de
gree and his doctorate from Co
lumbia and has taught at the
Juilliard School of Music and
Princeton, before coming to
Barnard in 1951. He offers two
courses in Catholic theology at
Columbia.
The Gaston Lectures a r e
sponsored by the Newman Club,
the Catholic, student organiza
tion on campus.
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