Newspapers / Daily Tar Heel (Chapel … / Sept. 23, 1961, edition 1 / Page 2
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The Chains That Bind Foreiffii In cst: German Election Poses Problem 1fje Sal? Car In its sixty-ninth year of editorial freedom; viihumPeted by restrictions from either the administration or the student body. The Daily Tar Heel is the official student publication of the Vublications Board of the University of North Carolina. Is T7 -"- V V.-.-.V . , -y - .... :-ry-- . v; j& v - ' - ' - 'r , : r . j. o :: :: i : : . : -xx-.-.-::-x-S:::-x-:-:;-: ::-:-: ':-: - " . ,. .;-: : ::y.y v-.vx::--: :-.-. --" : - ::: - ' " :::::Kv:' :X:: . v ; -:;:;:: -x- ::;r':::;:-:' :':::'': yyyy- -i iy-- : : X;: - ;X;X;:-: ::v : H. All editorials appearing in Tff HaiLY Tar Heel are the j personal expressions of the editor, unless otherwise credited; they are not necessarily representative of feeling on the staff. . ; ; September 23 1961 Tel. 942-2356 Vol. LXIX, No. 5 Rise f Conservatism? Where "are .tne' conservatives at Carolina? Much has been heard cf late con cerning , the "Rise of conservatism on the college campus." Supposedly, the traditionally liberal atmosphere pervading the academic air at col leges and universities is being count ered by a rising tide of conservative reaction. Barry Goldwater is labeled the new hero of the sixties collegian, and liberals supposedly are having a tough time of it. A cursory glance at the Carolina campus would indicate that some where, a conservative public rela tions man is working overtime to create an unfounded image. About the easiest thing to be at Carolina is a liberal, so much so that liberalism has become an overwork ed and often meaningless label. "I am a liberal" is a cliche as easy to parrot as "Alary had a little lamb." "the conservative at Carolina has become a very silent individual. His views, if he has arryv are quietly ex pressed in the dormitory or frater nity, and the highly touted nationl conservative rise appears to be most ly myth at UNC. . i . .... The crux of the situation seems to be that the liberals are wont to be articulate, while the conserva tives are observing a self-imposed silence. Whether Carolina is predominant ly liberal or not is a moot question. But it is evident that the conserva tives have lost the power of speech. The New Left is outspoken, the New Right has yet to be organized. In many respects, this is an un healthy situation. Most political questions have more than one side yet Carolina is represented national ly as being strongly KberaL The votes' east by the TJNC delegation to NSA in Wisconsin this summer, for instance, were predominantly liberal on issue after issue. We agree wholeheartedly with this vote, we are surprised to find that there has been no- conservative reaction to it here. Apparently the conservative faction is either un thinking, unconcerned or scared. Perhaps it is a combination of the three. The bulk of conservative reaction has been confined to ineffectual grumbling and half-hearted groan ing. Respite all this, we are inclined to believe that there is" a strong ele ment of. conservatism, at UNC, al though most of its weight is slug gish mass.- The columns of The Daily Tar Heet are- open tcr any opinion what ever its particular political orienta tion. If conservatism is actually on the rise, then why 'does the campus not hear from it?. Why does student government follow an unchallenged liberal course? Why does the . con pervative satisfy . himself with be-hind-the-seene mutterings? Conservatism on the rise? We say no. The El ectora i college The results of a recently conclud- " ed " nationwide Gallup Poll indicate a growing popular dissatisfaction with the persent system of deter mining the electoral vote in the Electorial College. The poll showed that 6 out of 10' persons interviewed favored replac ing the present method with one in which each state's division of the popular vote would determine the electoral vote split. The poll also bore out that the exteremely close vote in the 1960 election influenced popular opinion towards a proportional system of representation, since the number of persons favoring a proportional system rose by 11 per cent over a similar total in April of 1960. m m h I 1 I 1 a i w M WAYNE KING Editor Margaret Ahjc Rhymes Associate Editor Jim Clot felt Assistant to the Editor Bill Hobbs Managing , Editors Lloyd Xsrrrtx Executive News Editor Stcti Vaughn News Editor Nancy Barr, Linda Chavotta Kasht W. Lloyd. Feature Editors Sports Editor TIM BURNETT Business Manager Mix MATRRsAduerfisfng Manager Tub Datlt Ta Has, is published fiiilf except Monday,- examination periods and vacations. It is entered as second class matter in the post office i Chapel Hill, N. C. pursuant with the. act. of March. 8. 18t0. Subscription rates: $4.50 per semester, $3 per year. Thz Daily Tab Heel is a subscribe to the United Press International and utilizes the services of the News- Eu reau of the University of North Caro lina, . - Published by the Chapel Kill Pub- usning o., i;naper am. JN. c. m m II HI m 1 1 I k i m Ill II It It is gratifying to see that the majority of the people if we can trust Gallup's findings favor re form in the electoral college. Following the 1961 presidential election, President Kennedy receiv ed 56 per cent of the electoral vote, yet he gained just over 50 per cent of the popular vote. . The drama of the final counting shook many people into a realization that the present "Wlnner-take-air method of vote division can and has resulted in the election of a president who had less than half the popular vote. There have, in fact, Been eleven such men Harry Trumatv most recently. However, the opposing popular vote has al ways been split; and the total popu lar vote for one man has twice ex ceeded that of the winning candi date. In the past; the prospect of hav ing a "losing" candidate assume the office of President has twice inspir ed attempts to reform the Electoral College system along proportional lines. A bill proposing such a reform was introduced in Congress in 1960, passed in the Senate, but failed to pass in trie Hduse. The bill was re introduced in 1956 but failed to gain the two-thirds vote necessary on a constitutional amendment. Th6 issue, fortunately, is not dead, arid it is probably only a question of time before a new bill to provide for proportional division is introduced. wummMmmmimwmu . We hope that it passes. i BONN, West Germany (UPD UnitU the middle of next month Germany will be ruled by a lame duck government capable only of house-cleaning After that, answers must be souit to some long-delayed problems. The more pressing the Berlin crisis becomes, the more pressing these problems will become. As of nowi the betting is that the federal reptLlic's next chancellor will be Ludlig Erhard, whose eco nomic genius is credited with Ger many's present prosperity, but who is no politician. AFTER THAT THE name most prominently mentioned is that of Defense Minister Franz Josef Strauss. Strauss is the man who has built the West German wehrmacht into the most powerful army in Western Europe and who is regarded as one of the most astute politicians in the Christian Democratic party. Strauss is one of the few present cabinet ministers who ever dared talk back to the old man, and is regarded as a good . possibility for foreign minister in the new lineup. NOW TO SOME of the problems: WHY HAVEN'T THEY ASKED CHURCHILL? ho Let The Med. s Take B WASHINGTON (UPD Democrats and the State Department are dis puting with Dwight D. Eisenhower and the Republicans the answer to this question: "Who made the decision permit ting the Russians to take Berlin single-handed at the end of World War II." It seems odd that neither side has called the best informed and only decision to relate the circumstances1 qualified surviving participant in that and to assess the blame. That .wit ness is Sir Winston Churchill. His testimony is in the "Triumph and Tragedy" volume of his history of the Second World War, pages 456-468. Reading those pages, it becomes understandable why Ike didn't sum mon Churchill to testify in his behalt and why the State Department and the Democrats also overlooked V 4 4i i - 5 7 V ' y&. DTH Forum On September 19, William Evans became an immortal martyr in the cause against the House Un-American Activities Committee. The Daily Tar Heel's readers will always remem ber that a fine fellow named Evans lost his job because of the HUAC. Due to a twisting of reasoning every one is misled. Mr. Evans did not lose his job because of the HUAC, but because of the narrow-midnedness of the ad ministration of Mt. Olive College. Evans was not convicted, but ac cused of Un-American Activities. A man is innicent until proven guilty, and William A. Evans was not prov en guilty. Perhaps it might behoove all concerned to ponder this fact and not the validity of the HUAC. Albert L. Sneed, Jr. Churchill. Churchill's account of the colossal Berlin goof does not make Ike look good, nor the Democrats either. THE IMPLICATION of Church ill's account is that General Eisen hower was ignorant of the political meaning of the wind-up campaign in Western Europe. Churchill rates the U. S. Joint Chiefs as equally ignorant of what the political objec tives of that wind:up campaign should have been. The jolt to the Democrats is that Churchill says President Roosevelt in March April, 1945 was incapable of comprehending or dealing with the political implications of the swift Russian advance westward . Churchill gives Stalin high marks for understanding these political im plications and for taking advantage of exhaustion in Washington and political ignorance m the Allied mili tary high command. The State Department is retreat ing under pressure of Republican protests from a public statement im plying adverse criticism of Eisen hower for failing to go all-out for Berlin in the closing days of the war. rKE HOLDS THAT the Berlin de cision was political; that is, made by the politicians in Washington and London. This Churchill seems direct- eFIlEL ly to challenge. As for his own point of view, Churchill quotes in "Tri umph and Tragedy," page 467, from a memo he sent to General Eisen hower April 2, 1945.: "I am all the more impressed with the importance of entering Ber lin which well may be open to us. I deem it highly important that we should shake hands with the Rus sians as far east as possible." Churchill also warned the general of what he regarded as the Russian objectives with respect to Berlin. TO FDR ON APRIL 1, 194511 days before FDR's death Churchill addressed a long message including the following: "Berlin remains of high strategic importance. The Russian armies will no doubt overrun all Austria and enter Vienna. If they also take Ber lin will not their impression that they have been the overwhelming contributor to our common victory be unduly imprinted in their minds, and may this not lead them into a mood which will raise grave and formidable difficulties in the fu ture." Churchill's book has a footnote to that message: "Actually, although I did not realize it, the President's health was now so feeble that it was General Marshall who had to deal with these grave questions." And that, children, is how we began to lose the peace. West Germany's immediate prob lems arise from the new Soviet pres sure on Berlin and Khrushchev's an nounced intention to sicn a separate peace treaty with Communist East Germany. This- includes questions of increased defense spending, stepped up conscription and a longer term of service. The long-range problem springs from the fact that West Germany is aligned firmly with the West, both militarily through NATO and econo mically through its membership in the West European Common Market. In the same way, East Germany is tied just as firmly to the Soviet zone. BUT THERE remain areas f negotiations. West Germans as a whole ap pear resigned to many years of division between East and West, even though no West German politician yet has dared to say so. So the West could live with a separate Soviet treaty with East Ger many even while not recognizing it. The chief problem is the West's free access to Berlin. Betweem the East and West zones are strong economic ties which re quire open communications. The same principle could be a decisive bargaining point when applied to Berlin. THE ADENAUER government took tentative, but never decisive steps toward an accommodation with Poland over the lest-Oder-Nesse ter ritories. "It seems probable the mood of the new government will be more positive. Peaceful settlement of the prob lem would go a long way toward cat ting the ground from under the Soviet picture of a revenge-seeking Germany. ft i? I 3 i! V LUDWIG ERHARD WINSTON CHURCHILL i il Reflections COMPLETELY SATISFACTORY TO NO ONE IN BRAZIL res' Successor Faces Quad Snags The saying "stiff in opinion and al ways wrong," characterizes the rural Southerners who are calculating how marry "colored folks" will be killed if their schools integrate. Its not necessary for them to be concerned. Negroes are fast moving to urban centers where they can ob tain decent educations, and those who remain are too far gone to be helped by integration. A good many of the two-thirds of the freshman class that flunk oat every year come from rural white high schools, so one might conclude that Negroes would not gain very much by integration of schools. They'd do better to up-grade the facilities they have, rather than waiting for. in tegration to do it for them. By United Press Internaional When Bazil's President Janio Quadros took the office from which he resigned in a fit of temper last month, he did so on a pledge of internal austerity and an independ ent foreign policy. The government replacing him after days of chaos which nearly erupted into civil war, is pledged to a similar program. But it faces the same difficulties as those which plagued Quadros, and suffers the additional misfortune that it is completely satisfacory o no one. WHEN QUADROS TOOK office, he did so by virtue of the largest vote in Brazilian history. But the honeymoon was shot. In less than a year in office, he vetoed Congress 19 times and quit after Congress overrode his 20th. Mounting restiveness against tough austerity measures contributed to Quadros' troubles, but important factors were his flirtations with Castro's Cuba and Red China and a growing suspicion, that he wouli. seek ways to free himself of con gressional restrictions. If by his sudden resignation, hw sought to obtain this latter point a cry for his return, he miscalculated. FROM THIS, THEN, erupted the crisis exposing the deep divisions within Brazil which merely were patched over in the hastily-contriyed solution. Brazil's constitution clearly pro vided for the succession cf Vice President Joao Goulart, a man totally unsatisfactory to leaders of Brazil's armed forces who suspect ed his Communist sympathies. But the armed services also had one of the best records in Latin America for staunch support of the Constitution. From this came the unsatisfactory compromise wherein the constitution theoretically was preserved by a switch to a European-type parlia mentary government which stripped the president of his powers and rest ed it in the hands of a premier elect ed by Congress. 1 m H 1 II About Letters The Dally Tar Heel inTif.es readers to use it for expres sions . of opinion on current topics regardless of viewpoint. Letters mast be signed, con tain a verifiable address, and be free of libelous miMrml. Brevity and legibility la crease (he chance of publica tion. Lengthy letters may be edited or omitted. Absolutely non will be retsraed. 1 i V'i I- GOULART, POSSIBLY with fing ers crossed, accepted the change but insisted the new premier be a man of his choice. His choice was small. balding, thin-lipped Tancredo Neves, a 51-year-old banker who also is re garded as one of Brazil's most able politicians. Brazil, the largest of the Laf American nations, is a keystone in President Kennedy's "Alliance fox Progress" campaign. Should Brazil tumble into the arms of Castroism or Communism, or should it resume its reckless dash toward bankruptcy, tken the ,' whole progam would have to be c-surveyed.
Daily Tar Heel (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
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Sept. 23, 1961, edition 1
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