North Carolina Newspapers

"However, We're Been Known To Make Deals" miz iBailp Wax f Is k Is It Democratic? J ?7s sixty-ninth year of editorial freedom, unhampered by restrictions from either the administration or the student body. J t y The Daily Tar Heel is the official student publication of U the Publications Board of the University of North 'Carolina. II All editorials appearing in The Daily Tar Heel are the I r personal expressions of the editor, unless otherwise credited; they h are not necessarily representative of feeling on the staff. February 11, 1962 Tel. 942-2356 Vol. LXIX. No. 89 en. Thurmond In taking strong stands against revealing names of the censors of military speeches, both President Kennedy and Secretary of Defense MeNamara must have remembered the witch-hunts of the McCarthy period. Secretary MeNamara, who has had the full support of the Presi dent since the inquiry kicked off by charges of "muzzling" by Sen. Strom Thurmond of South Carolina has said that lie would not subject members of his department to "harrassment." The Secretary doubtless had ref erence to the volume of mail which has been received by Willis Law rence, one of the dozen or so Penta gon censors who blue-pencil military speeches. Lawrence said this week that he had been called "a traitor, Pro-Red and all sorts of things," since he was called up before the Senate Preparedness Subcommittee two weeks ago to answer questions concerning "muzzling." Since MeNamara was unable to fend off the inquiry on his own, the President was pushed into using his right to executive privilege. In this instance, the President acted clearly within his right. The Con stitution is necessarily vague on the matter, and the cowrts have been generally unwilling to force the issue. That both the President and Sec retary MeNamara acted wisely is generally conceded, except by Sen. Thurmond and others of the pot banging set. The New York Times of Feb. 9 reported that it was evi dent that Sen." Thurmond was the only Senator on the subcommittee who objected to the decision. Fortunately, President Kennedy made it clear that his decision to use the Executive privilege the first time he has used it in his term of office in no way establish ed a clear precedent. The President stated in his letter to the Secretary the principle involved could not be "automatically applied to every re quest for information" and that every case "must be judged on its own merits." It is well that the President made this distinction. The governmental power balance could well be ham strung by indiscriminate use of the Executive privilege. The right .of the Congress to know and judge executive actions is basic to that balance. EDITORIAL STAFF Wayne King Editor " Harve Harris Managing Editor Margaret Ann Rhymes Associate Editor Lloyd Little Executive News Editor Jim Clotfelter, Bill Wuamett y. News Editors - Jim. Wallace Photography Editor Chuck MooNEY....Feature Editor Ed Dupree Sports Editor Curry Kjrkpatrick Asst. Sports Editor Garry Blanchard Contributing Editor BUSINESS STAFF Tim BuRNETT..Busiuess Manager Mike Mathers Advertising Manager Jim EvANs..Subscription Manager ' Jim Eskridce ; Circulation Manager ly Tbm Daily Tab Hm Is published dally except Monday, examination periods ' and vacations. It Is entered as second class matter In the post office In Chapel -miX. N. C, pursuant with the act of , March 8. 1870. Subscription rates: $40 ' per semester. $8 per year. Thz Daily Tab Hxxk Is a subscriber to the United Press International and utilizes the services of the News Bu reau of the University of North Caro- Ujpubllshed by the Publications Board ' ot the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. N. C. Yet the duty of the President to insure the smooth functioning of executive departments should not be upset, as it might have been in this case, primarily as a result of the South Carolina Senator's screeching. It is unfortunate that Sen. Thur mond was unable to push the in vestigation far enough to force the use of the privilege. It is equally unfortunate that the Senator con tinues to rant about "muzzling." He is fighting a lonely and, hope fully, a losing battle. How much more dust he will be able to kick up to cloud policy de cisions remains to be seen. Late this week he declared that he would continue his plans to present a ma jor speech on the Senate floor which he says will show that State De partment policy reflects a "false conception of the world Communist conspiracy." He has called the President's use of Executive privil ege which he termed the "execu tive fifth amendment" one of the "most dangerous acts that has ever been committed by a president of the United States." The Senator's declaration, which he made despite Sen. John Stennis' outspoken defense of the Presi dent's use of the privilege, leads us to wonder at his motives. Either this, or we must question his wis dom, particularly in light of all that has gone , before. The bitterness of his attack and his rejection of all considerations except his own personal battle have resulted in some violent tactics. He has used his podium as a Senator unwisely and sometimes even vici ously. We hope he will extract his foot from his mouth long enough to close it. His shouting promises to do little real good and might serve to do genuine harm. High Ceiling A fortnight ago President Ken nedy recommended an increase of ten billion dollars in the legal ceil ing on the national debt. The Ways and Means Committee of the House of Representatives has now made a first move in this direction. But in stead of an increase of ten billion, the committee has approved an in crease of only two. This action is really meaningless, for it is certain from a glance at the proposed expenditures recom mended by the President and a sec ond glance at the anticipated reve nues now in sight that the na tional debt will increase by much more than two billion dollars be fore the end of the year. Why, then, this small increase? Apparently to uphold the prestige of . Congress, which alone has power under the Constitution "to borrow money on the credit of the United States." What really determines the size of the national debt is not the legal ceiling wihch Congress- puts on it witness the fact that this ceiling has had to be lifted fourteen times since 1938 but the amount of money spent by Congress in rela tion to the amount brought in by taxes. The trouble with these fic titious "ceilings" is that they some times handicap the Treasury in its effort to borrow money on the most advantageous terms. The present ceiling ($298 billion) has had pre cisely this effect four times in the last thirty days. The New York Times ibovv 'Vpi3,7 V .v? ' -!.-. -r-1 jSV VfeK TA - ys i w x v i j v. ICiiig JiiomM on To the editor: As an enthusiastic participant in the recent Toronto Exchange, I feel compelled to respond to Thursday's editorial. Not only do I object to such superficial, uninformed, and irresponsible editor criticism of such a worthwhile program, but I am .amazed that the editor of our vener able newspaper, certainly an astute and responsible person, should take such a strong position on something about which he obviously knows so little. I suppose that my evaluation of the exchange would be termed sub jective by some, having been brain washed by the warmth and friendli ness of the Canadian people and having enjoyed to the fullest the stimulating intellectual and social program of activities with which I was presented in Toronto. However, I must attempt to give substance to certain aspects of Mr. King's un derstandably limited outline of the exchange activities. The intellectual program of events was not done justice in the article written by a member of the ex change. The Friday afternoon semi nar, keynoted by Professor Careless, concerned itself with the background and causes of the rising tide of Canadian nationalism. This move ment, so vital to our foreign and economic policies, receives scant at tention . in this country. The reflec tion of the varying attitudes of the Canadian people toward the United States, as seen in the seminar, prov ed to be a startling revelation for many of the Carolina students. The Saturday morning discussion was led by a Toronto professor who had studied and taught at Yale Uni versity and the University of Okla homa before returning to Toronto. His impressions of the American col lege student gained through experi ence in these two' poles of the American pollege' 'scene provided a pertinent and humorous contrast to the Canadian students attitudes and scholastic habits and stimulated a lively discussion which revealed many interesting differences and simularities (sic) in the in the edu cational systems of the two nations. f However excellent the program of organized mental activities, the real value of the Toronto Exchange lay in the informal contacts which Mr. King, despite his worldliness, fails to recognize. Although the DaUy Tar Heel office or even that colorful campus watering-hole, Y Court, may fail to yield people or relationships which provide meaning ful educational experiences, this was certainly not the case with the To ronto Exchange. The real transmis sion of ideas, information, and opi nions among intelligent people al ways achieves its greatest depth at the social level, which lacks the limiting aspects of an organized seminar or discussion. You cannot learn to know people in such austere circumstances and it is not until you feel that you know others that any real intellectual interchange begins. Even such unlikely surroundings as a Canadian beer-party provided con versations and experiences which will be of lasting significance in terms of the intellectual maturity of all concerned. Besides, the value of a calculated intake of alcoholic beverages as a means of stimulating deeper, aesthetic intellectual ex changes has long been recognized by many cultural groups, among them a small but noted sect of Turk ish poets. If Mr. King cannot appreciate the real value of "socializing" and see beyond the superficial impressions left by returning Tar Heels' tales of inspired Bacchic rites, then his has been a colorless and meaning less life indeed. I might suggest that 6 Who Are The Extremists?' In a changing world it is extreme ly important that the modern Amer ican student acquaint himself with the prgaoizatiQJ) that represents him nationally and internationally. Much hps .been said about the National Student .Association, both cympli mentary and otherwise, but such comments are meaningless to most of us unless the structure of the or ganization is explained. It is our hope that through a series of ar ticles explaining the NSA, student interest in this important . area of student government can be gener ated, and fact can be separated from fiction. To begin with the U.S. NSA is a democratic organization. Each year member universities from all over the country send delegates to the National Congress. (Within regions member universities send delegates to the Regional Assemblies.) To a certain extent the perfect arrange ment would be direct election of the representatives at each school. Al though this is done at many univer sities, Carolina and others find that election schedules make such a sys tem impractical. Carolina's Student Legislature officially appoints our representatives, and last year the SG president, vice-president, secre tary, treasurer, attorney-general, DTH editor (his alternate) and the UNC NSA Coordinator attended. These student leaders represented Carolina at the NSA Congress held last summer at the - University of Wisconsin. iBith criticism and commendation has been heaped upon the NSA be cause its actions do not typify the iiimge. he expand his range of interests and activities and overcome the pro vincial outlook and limited experi ence that his editorial reveals. Per haps even a trip to Canada would be in order. Myron Simmons Editor's Notej Nothing would please me more than to become a member of the Canadian Club. Please enter my name at the top of the list of volunteers. However, in the event I fail to qualify as a participant in this admittedly worthy program, may I submit this alternate plan: After choosing 26 worthies and receiving an adequate appropriation from Student Legislature, we will all form, a daisy chain and dance three times around the campus singing "Oh Canada." After which, suitable surroundings will be chos enperhaps the Forest Theater and all participants will re-enact the orgiastic scenes from "La Dolce Vita." Thus primed for intellectual stimulation, we will discuss the comparative incidence of gastric hyperacidity among the Austral ian koala bear and the Canadian mongoose. . We will then take a side-trip to Carrboro. "average American student" (if such a creature exists. To be sure the policies adopted would not be supported lou'o on campus. But it should pe "noted that these measures did meet opposition in the Con gress. Jn the DTH earlier this year on article appeared in which it was stated that the barrier betyveen NSA and "the student" was the fact that the NSA delegates were interested leaders while "the students" were generally apathetic. It is truly our hope that NSA pan become more of a student voice, not because it avoids debatable issues, but be cause more students deliberate its policies and resolve to somehow have a hand in shaping them, if only through a ballot in an SG elec tion. I have read articles by certain conservatives (not to infer that only conservatives criticize NSA) who ad vocate UNC's withdrawal from the NSA because of the NSA's pro-liberal policies. While we on the NSA committee here ot Carolina welcome suggestions, it seems to us that the reason NSA espouses liberal goals is because a majority of the delegates were liberal. Rather than withdraw from a confederation which does not demand that its member schools agree with all its policies, would it not be better to strengthen this group as a representative assembly and work within its framework as a minority? The conservatives are welcome to control the NSA if the majority of the delegates sent there wish to vote accordingly. In subsequent articles we shall attempt to explain NSA's major areas of activity, its Congress, its committees and subcommittees, and its policies. Additional information can be picked up from Bill Straughn, NSA Coordinator, in the SG offices in GM. All students should have a legitimate concern with the issues which affect them in their role as students, no matter where these is sues arise. Here at Carolina we can express our ideas and aspirations through our student government; we can also join our fellow students across the country through the U.S. NSA and express our opinions on a notional and international level. FORD ROWAN Reflections From the New Republic: 4'0n January 2, the House Un American Activities Committee is sued ...a further defense of its film 'Operation Abolition,' admitting only on mistake, since corrected, about Harry Bridges, "The American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California has now issued a version of the film called 'Operation Correction,' apply ing sub-titles to show how time se quences were continually juggled, inserting revisions in the sound track to reveal deliberate distor tion." The reason for sub-titles being used in the ACLU version of the film, we are certain, is that "Op eration Abolition" speaks a foreign language. An un-American language. The rise of Convervatism on col lege campuses and throughout the country in general has been most disheartening to the Liberals, who have had a virtual monopoly on in tellectual vociferance and political power over the last thirty years. The groundswell of activity on the Right has taken many Liberals by surprise, and has led to incompe tent responses on their part. In stead of relying on calm, intellec tual rebuttal to stem the growing number of Conservatives, the Lib erals have resorted to, at best, name-calling, and at worst, slander and innuendo in their desperate at tempt to discredit their opposition. The Liberals, of all people, have be come very irrational when confront ed with viewpoints other than their own. Most exemplary of this irra tionality is their attempt to label any activity to the right of center as "Extremism." Who, in fact, are the Extremists? In New York City, Pete Seeger, the folk singer thrown in jail for con tempt of Congress, led a rowdy bunch of "beards and leotards" through the streets chanting "You Can Dig Your Grave in Your Own Back Yard" and "I Ain't Gonna Study War No More," along with placards denouncing nuclear tests, arms, and fallout shelters. "'In spite of court orders (quoting from the "National Review," Feb. 13, 1962), students, acting under the strategic guidance of CORE (Con gress of Racial Equality) maintained a 24-hour sitdown in the corridors outside the office of the Chancellor of the University of Chicago. Their professed complaint was the 'grad ualness' of the University which has a notorious record of liberality on all racial and civil rights mat tersin opening all housing it owns to total integration." Harold Taylor, former President of Sarah Lawrence College, told 1,500 anti-arms demonstrators out side the UN to demand immediate unilateral disarmament on the part of the U.S. "Nine hundred professors (also from "National Review") of univer sities on the Eastern Seaboard de nounced in large newspaper adver tisements and press releases the idea of building any sort of fallout shelters." These people, who think "fallout shelters" breed defeatism and fear in the general populace, are also the same people who wish to "ban the Bomb" because they fear nuclear war. Now, it would ap pear that those who fear the conse quences of nuclear war, and there fore want to ban the bomb, would be the same people who would take steps to protect themselves by building fallout shelters. But such is not the case. Another example of Extremism on the Left, and there are many, is the position of the Fair Play for Cuba Committee. This extreme Left ist organization maintains its cam paign in favor of the Castro regime in spite of jthe fact that Castro is avowedly Communist. Harvard and Yale, citadels of Liberal thought, have arbitrarily de nied their students the right to par ticipate in the National Defense Education Act, This was done be cause Harvard and Yale wished to "protect" their students from the injustices of having to sign a Loyal ty oaUi in order to receive loans. But it is apparent that the real in fringement on freedom was that im posed by Harvard and Yale's ad ministrations, who denied their stu dents the freedom to sign the oath or not, as the students wished. Har vard and Yale (and several other colleges) have violated the very rights that they seek to protect. When taken as a group, these ex amples of Liberal extremism: a) advocate policies that would strip this country of its means for pro tecting itself from possible enemies, b) to give aid and comfort to ene mies of the United States, c) arbi trarily reject public laws, d) put forth crude slogans, e) appeal to fear and ignorance, and f) offend the integrity of the American people. But perhaps many Liberals abhor the above examples of Extremism. They should be commended for their insight and common sense. We do not mean to condemn, all Liberals for the antics of some of their asso ciates. But, likewise, the Liberals should show a little tolerance to ward the Conservatives, who also object to groups like the John Birch Society who, through hatred and dis trust, subvert the legitimate beliefs of Conservatives. If the Liberals in Journalism and in public life insist on calling everyone from Robert A. Taft to Barry Goldwater an "ex tremist," then perhaps they should clean up their own backyard, which is also cluttered with "Extremists." N. FRANKLIN ADKINSON SAMUEL S. JONES, JR. How He MIGHT Teach The present situation of the younger university teacher is prob ably more exciting than that of any of his counterparts since the mid seventeenth century. The reasons for this ore cbyious. Behind the modern professor lies on enormously significant intellectual revolution, in front of him sit rows of students largely unaware of the implications of the revolutioo, and the question how to effect a vital engagement of the two forces is no longer unanswerable. What IS the answer? Like every thing in teaching, it takes the form of an obligation, a duty. When students bring him snippets of random sexology ia it unconscious slander of) Freud's name, the teacher must confront them with a whole new vision of the nature of the mind. When they appear in his class room dressed in caps and cloaks of seventeenth-century psycho-dualism on which are appliqued, like tinsel stars, such nonce phrases as "rela tivity theory," "interdeterminacy principle.' "existential gap," he must seek to turn them out (by drawing on whatever of the new psy chology, physiology, and physics can be quickly taught) with an intuition of the "world" , as a process, an uncertain act of continual human creation. When they offer him gabble about conformity and the organization man, he mast show them (by fur nishing releyant anthropology and sociology) that the old icon, the in dividual, is only another image in the civilizing but risky dream of the West. When they brandish exegetical notes taken during prep-school ses sions on "The Waste Land," he must press them toward the perception that a revolution has taken place in all the arts a revolution made in evitable by the imagination's effort to master orders and systems of reality which, unlike those of the past, are in no part the invention of artists. When fake issues, idle arguments of adolescent "Democrats" and "Re publicans," or boyish current-events talk about Red China hating Red. Russia, threaten to fog the glass, he must aim at the revelation of the mass state os the chief political and social phenomenon of the age, East AND West. And at every mo ment he must insist on the necessity of bringing alive in reflection whole continents and civilizations that hitherto have barely existed in the Western mind. His duty, in short, is to teach new heavens and a new earth, to show his students into the world of Now, to drive himself toward that full consciousness of the times which is the only armor left against mere irony or mere wanness. Benjamin DeMott, in an article in ''Commentary," September 10.