North Carolina Newspapers

t iBuilp Uwc Heel j In its sixty-ninth year of editorial freedom, unhampered, by restrictions from either the administration or the student body. The Daily Tar Heel is the official student publication of the "Publications Board of the University of North Carolina. I All editorials appearing in The Daily Tar. Heel are the personal expressions of the editor, unless otherwise credited; they are not necessarily representative of feeling on the staff. April 13, 1962 Tel. 942-2356 Vol. XLIX, No. 140 Indent Government Where will student government at Carolina find itself in 10 years? Will it grow to keep pace with the new responsibilities that students must shoulder, or will it continue to confine itself to busy-work pro jects whose chief merit is citi2en'3 apprentice training. Long regarded as one of the most powerful and flourishing in the na tion, Carolina's system of student government is living on a reputa tion that is partly unearned. It is powerful and flourishing only in comparison with other student gov ernments about the country. And the competition isn't very stiff. True, student government, even at it new exists, it is an important part of campus life. The core of activity at its center is vital. Yet this core comprises only a small percentage of its scope. The remainder is sound and fury. Most student govern ment's myriad of committees and councils serve only as an afternoon diversion for tomorrow's PTA mem bers and Rotarians. Not that this is either unnecessary or silly; any governmental system must have its petty bureaus to handle trivia. Most of the work of student gov ernment goes into revising and im proving old institutions : the Judicial system, publications, . and so forth. The honor system movie, for in stance, was an imaginative and ex citing idea. Yet , it was new only in that it was a fresh approach to an old problem. In recent years the number of programs and projects of real scope to come from student government could be counted on the fingers of one hand. The spirit that .spawns new ideas has been conspicuously lacking. Hack work, perpetuation of the old order, manipulations by those with vested interests these have been too much in evidence. The last major project under taken by student government came some years ago with the purchase of dormitory television sets and washing machines. Since that time, the Student Legislature has been consistently wary of any truly new project of importance. As the enrollment at Carolina grows, the Student Legislature will find itself with more and more money. This fact in itself calls for undertaking more programs of a truly significant nature. The strength of youth lies in daring and imagination. Yet most of student government's programs are characterized by the lack of both. We do not suggest that caution should be thrown to the winds. But imagination need not breed reck lessness, nor courage foolhardiness. But in every really worthwhile pro ject there is an element of risk. As long as student government refuses to put its ability and courage on the line, it will continue to be out standing only in reputation. w ho Is The three-man City Commission of Birmingham, Ala., appears to have figured out a way to settle once and for all the ancient contro versy as to which is the superior race. It has chosen an interesting way to demonstrate to the world that the white people of its city excel the colored people in magnani mity, kindness, chivalry and general sensibility. The word got around Birming ham recently, you see, that Negroes were not patronizing those down town stores which refused to hire Stye -Barb $ar feel EDITORIAL STAFF 1 U Wayne Kdjo. JSdit&r m m m H II i it Mike RoBiNsoi...-Associate Editor Haery Lloyd, Hahve Harris r Managing Editors Lloyd Little Executive News Editor Jem Clotfelter, Bill Wuamett News Editors If Jim Wallace Photography Editor Chuck Moonet Feature Editor 11 I Ed Dvprte. Sports Editor f Cbbky Kthkpatrick 0 I Asst. Sports Editor Garry Blajj chard 1 I Contributing Editor j ( BUSINESS STAFF 1 Ttm Burjtett Business Manager f I Mike Mathers m I Advertising Manager I Jem EvAKsJSTubscription Manager f I Jim Esxrxdgs m Circulation Manager p except Monday, examination period I nd vacations. It la entered aa second- f ? f claaa matter la the post off ice la Chapel I Bill. N. C- pursuant with the act cf g Mafr"h 8, 1870. Subscription ratcai $ pen fiemester.ta per year. i torn Daily Tab Hob. Is a aubscrfber to I the United Presa International and , utilizes the aervicea of th News Bu- reau f Xhm University of North Caro- It f m i fifcHid bv the Publlcatiom Board I pf 'the University of NortH Carolina. f cnapes "! w uperior.' any members of their race as clerks or sales personnel and refused to serve any of them at lunch count ers. There was no open boycott, of course; Alabama law forbids two or more persons to conspire or act in concert for the purpose of boy cotting a lawful business. It amounts to nothing more than what some Negroes call "selective buying." It has hurt enough, however, to impel the Birmingham Chamber of Com merce to express a hope, unparallel ed in piety, that "thinking citizens" would not "seek to punish business concerns for community practices beyond their control." Some of the colored citizens were evidently not "thinking," and in order to . teach them how to think the Commission, led by that excep tionally thoughtful Alabamian, the former police chief of Birmingham, Eugene (Bull) Connor, voted to withdraw its support from the county program of surplus food for the needy. It is estimated that 95 per cent of the persons receiving surplus food were Negroes. It is hardly likely, of course, that these Negroes on relief were the same as those whose "selective buying" was aimed at diminishing discrimina tion in the downtown stores. Well, it remains to be seen which group in Birmingham will be re garded as superior by the civilized world those who seek to force fel low hunlan beings into subservience by starvation or those who refuse to patronize stores where members of the group are not treated as hu man beings. Indonesia Impatient For rimitive Land By GERT VANLONKIIUYZEN AMSTERDAM (UPI) The dis pute over West New Guinea Is get ting hotter, with three conflicting ideas on the political future of the territory, generally considered the most backward place in creation. " Indonesia ' claims it ' outright, na tive leaders demand it as their own, and Holland hangs on to it as a reluctant administrator waiting for' a chance to bow out gracefully. When the colony of the Netherlands East Indies became the sovereign republic of Indonesia in 1949, West New Guinea was excluded from the deal pending a separate agreement between the Dutch government and Javanese revolutionaries. So many documents relating to the early Dutch-Indonesian indep endence talks still are secret so that nobody knows precisely for what reasons the territory remained un der Dutch administration. The Dutch argued, however, that the New Guinea papuans had noth ing in common with the Indonesians, ethnically or economically. In later years New Guinea's sep aration from Indonesia, in the Dutch view, was voted by the U.N. -endorsed principle of self-determination. Indonesia Threatens Force Indonesia, after initially agree ing to forego New Guinea for the time being, increased demands for the territory until last year President Sukarno threatened to annex the territory by force. Meanwhile, the Papuans were be ing educated towards voicing their own opinion. A legislative council was established a year ago as New Guinea's first "parliament." A two way fight thus became three-cornered. With an armed conflict threaten ing in their last remaining Pacific outpost the Dutch often wonder: How did we acquire this area? Why did we' decide to occupy a terri tory which is costing us some 100 million guilders a year? Naval Commander Jan Carstensz had his first look at New Guinea in 1623 when he glimpsed some "very high mountains, white with snow" and remarked thu was unusual for mountains so near the equator. The first Dutch flag was planted at the west coast 50 years later and another two centuries passed be fore New Guinea officially became an extension of the Dutch East Indian Empire. Gets A Capital New Guinea got a capital fifty odd years ago when a small party of Dutch explorers planted a red-white-and-blue flag in a jungle area on the north coast and christened it Hollandia. Hollandia first became widely known when American forces land ed there and used it as a repair base for their warships and a rec reation center for troops prior to Wold War II. 'Hollandia still shows traces of Americanization." A hill still bears the name "Mac- Arthur Hill." The former destroyer repair base is still the main harbor facility, with the old quonset huts and the pier still in use. In the past years a few modern facilities were added. But the gov- -ernment could not afford to replace the obsolete wartime installations. Three airstrips, built by the Jap anese and improved by the Ameri cans, are still in use today. The Papuans still remember the days that "Tuan Amerika" Tuan for mister was there. Those were days of incredible splendor. Shipshape Administration The Dutch set out to put the en tire coastal area under a shipshape administration. Officials started to interrogate Papuans, to duly register them. As far as "name" was con cerned, things went smoothly. "Age" proved to be a problem. Even such time-measuring as "last full moon" known to most primitive tribes was unknown in many parts of New Guinea." ' The question "married?" turned out to be answered "yes" by every mature male and female, but the question "How many children" left everybody groping in the dark, just like the question "How many times married." Today slightly more than half of West New Guinea's population is "put on paper." No matter how primitive certain tribes are and how much their ec onomy still depends on hunting swine, kangaroos and birds, spear fishing at sea as well as an the lakes and some agriculture, ban anas, sweet potatoes, sago, a good many Papuans are firmly settled as civilized people: Teachers, clerks, technicians, gardeners, patrolmen, businessmen and even a number of them holding a university degree. The Papuans have no patriotic aspiration. They admit this. But they are anxious to take on their shoulders the burden of leading their country, once independence is won. They reason that an independent West New Guinea will be able to get whatever kind of help it needs. (Many feel it would be stupid to declare themselves either pro-Dutch or pro-lndonesiah because that would only limit much needed aid and assistance. Best Sellers Of The Month (Compiled ty Publishers' Weekly) Fiction THE EULL FROM THE SEA Mary Renault FRAN NY AND ZOOEY J. D. Salinger THE AGONY AND THE ECSTASY Irving Stone THE FOX IN TjlE ATTIC Richard Hughes A PROLOGUE TO LOVE Taylor Caldwell TO KILL A MOCKINGBIRD Harper Lee DEVIL WATER Anya Seton CAPTAIN NEWMAN, M.D. Leo Rosten DAUGHTER OF SILENCE (Morris West THE IVY TREE 'Mary Stewart KIRKLAND REVELS Victoria Holt CHAIRMAN OF THE BORED Edward Streeter Non-Fiction CALORIES DON'T COUNT Dr. Herman Teller MY LIFE IN COURT Louis Nizer THE GUNS OF AUGUST Barbara Tuchman THE MAKING OF THE PRESI DENT, I960 Theodore H. White THE ROTSCHILDS Frederic Morton THE LAST PLANTAGENETS Thomas Costain OA, THE INSIDE STORY Andrew Tully THE NEW ENGLISH BIBLE: THE NEW TESTAMENT THE TRACHTENBERG SPEED SYSTEM OF BASIC MATHE MATICS Ed. by Ann Cutler and Rudolph McShane ISHI IN TWO WORLDS Theodore Koreber THE RISE AND FALL OF THE THIRD REICH William Shirer Capital Clubs Are Sep EDITOR'S NOTE: In the follow ing dispatch United Press Interna tional reporter takes a look at the situation caused by the integration issue in the clubs of the nation's capital. . . ' By HARRY FERGUSON WASHINGTON, (UPI) There was a time when a Washington club was a snug harbor for, a man seeking safety from family strife. No more. Nowadays he can become involved in an argument at his club just as quickly as he can in his own living room. The integration issue has set mem ber against member, caused a rash of resignations and made member ship in clubs a matter of White House concern. One of the by-laws of the Cosmos Club hear reads: "No person shall be permitted to recline at length in the public rooms of the club." There is no enforcement problem. The con versational buzz is too loud to per mit naps in the big building on Massachusetts Avenue. An archi tect modeled it after the Petit Tria non at Versailles where Queen Marie Antoinette held court. The Queen is best remembered for her reaction when informed that the people of Paris were in an ugly mood because they had no bread. "Let them eat cake," she said. . The Cosmos Club took no such high-handed attitude when it re jected a Negro for membership. He could eat anything he chose, but not on the premises of the club. His name is Carl Rowan, deputy assist ant secretary of state for public af fairs, a well known newspaperman and author of several books. Kennedy Withdrew Application Immediate results of Rowan's re- 1'. f p"i ' S? - r :. .-; is: r v : , A t - - - Y - V -a - J- -tm. j '.' " " m ijtiuM in ii i i ' " . 0 -----r-" -it",j- j.v.v.y? -- - r-..... . ' ' " :f.''' " ' w,".w.,iwy.w."wfflw X . . ..... . v.,,. ii;. :..:,::.0. v ' - . liSiilifllnlij v. v - I:.'"'- I " l";r " l-'-.'-v f ( y l j -vi i 1 M If people would use seat belts, we'd be out of work 50 per cent of the timet Japanese Wins Medal Am American Fume By LYLE C. WILSON WASHINGTON (UPI) The Hon. Timothy Tugbutton invaded the of fice half mad with anger. The old man banged his cane on the news desk, yanked down all plugged lines on the PBX swithboard and brayed a challenge to the government of the United States. "I ain't gonna stand for it," the old man shouted. "There was a friend of mine out there at Pearl Harbor on one of those battleships and he was knocked dead when those Japanese came over. It's an outrage." The old man paused. The slot man remarked that all of that wss 20 years ago and why-.be shouting it now. This sent Tugbutton into exclamatory orbit. Medal for Enemy "Why? I'll tell you why," he shouted. "That's why." The old fellow slapped the news desk with a folded copy of his favorite news paper, the Alton Kan. Empire, a weekly just arrived. It contained a Page One editorial protesting the award by the U. S. government of a high decoration, to a Japanese air officer who helped plan the Pearl Harbor strike. ' ' " "What knucklehead ordered that decoration to be pinned on this gen eral name of Minoru Genda? Wait until that young fellow in the White House hears about that. That young fellow in Ihe White House was not playing cribbage when the U. S. was fighting its way back from Pearl Harbor. What did FDR call it, 'the day of infamy, or something like that. "That young fellow in the White House was out there in the Pacific fighting the Japs and getting his ears pinned back some, too. I'll bet he hasn't forgotten about that and. I ain't either..,.. "Maybe we ought to dig up Hitler if we could find his body an dpin a medal on it or Mussolini's body, the bum. Americans are good fighters bnt they are better at forgetting. The next big thing after Pearl Har bor was the battle for Corregidor and the capture of the U. S. garrison there. Death of Captives "Then there was a death march of the prisoners that went on for days and a lot of them died. Now, if General MacArthur didn't get around to hanging the Jap general who commanded that death march and his whole damned staff then maybe the U. S. government will give him a medal. "They ain't gonna like this in Arizona, I'll tell you that." Some body wanted to know why Arizona would be interested. "Because Corregidor was defended by an Arizona outfit," Tugbutton replied, "and that outfit was cap tured. You try to pin a medal on this general in some Arizona town and they'd hang him and the medal pinner along with him .Dunno but that it would be a good thing, too. "This General Genda has been running the Japanese air force and his medal says he got it for excep tionally meritorius conduct in the performance of outstanding services since July 1959. "Exceptionally meritorious con duct: "Nuts." Poetical Potshots To an artist a husband called Bicket Said, "Turn your backside, and I'LL kick it. You have painted my wife In the nude to the life. Do you think for a moment that's cricket?" There was a young man from New York Whose morals were lighter than cork: "Young chickens," said he, "Have no terrors for me: The bird that I fear is the stork!" The limerick is furtive and mean; You must keep her close in quarantine. Or she sneaks to the slums And promptly becomes Disorderly, drunk and obscene. jection: President Kennedy's applica tion for membership in the Cosmos was withdrawn. Resignations were received from Edward R. Murrow, director of the U. S. Information Agency, historian Bruce Calton and U S Ambassador to India J. K. Galbraith who had sponsored Ken nedy's name. There are a dozen top-flight clubs in Washington and the heat now is on all of them. This is the city in which the Supreme Court ordere.1 the racial integration of the na tion's schools and a President of the United States sent federal troops into Little Rock, Ark., to enforce the decision. There is no doubt where the Ken nedy administration stands. Last fall George Cabot Lodge sounded out fellow members of the Metropolitan Club, the oldest in Washington, about extending a luncheon invitation to L P. Weaver, a Negro who was going to succeed him as under-sec-' retary of labor for international af fairs. He was told that some of the members might consider it offensive. The next voice head wa sthat of Atty. Gen. Robert F. Kennedy whose letter of resignation contained this sentence: "It is inconceivable to me, in this day and age, that the privileges of this club which holds such a unique position in the na tion's capital would be denied to any one because of his race." Ambassador Duke Resigned Another resignation came from Ambassador Angier Biddle Duke, the State Department's chief of proto col. His duties involve the enter tainment of diplomats, including Africans. That's the way things stood when the Cosmos rejected Rowan last January. The reaction shook the walls of the Massachusetts Avorne branch of the Petit Trianon. Of all the exclusive clubs here, the Cosmos would seem to be the least likely to bar a Negro. Its membership is heavily loaded with liberal egg-heads and, in fact, in tellectual achievement is a prime test for admittance. Most of the stories about its members fall into the absent-minded-professor cate gory. Some samples: When Woodrow Wilson was pro posed for membership, his sponsors were asked: "What are his qualifi cations." He got in when it was proved he was a competent histor ian. The fact that he was president of the United States was incidental. One day in 1) 17 news snread through the club that the United States had declared war on Ger many. This did not interrupt the discussion of two members, one of whom said: "Well, doctor, you have convinced me that the tapeworm cannot survive in the intestines of the fur-bearing seal." When the news of the bombing of Pearl Harbor reached the club, one scientist said to another: "I hate to dispute you, sir, but I think you will find the matter under dis cussion occurred after the Dinosaur age. New Resolution Approved After the reaction to the Rowan rejection reached gale force, the Cosmos promptly approved a resolu tion to the e'fect that exclusion of any person "on account of religion, color, race or national origin is in compatible with the principles of the Cosmos Club." In the election for the admissions committee the five newest members privately were pledged against segregation. The pre vailing opinion is that the next Ne gro proposed for membership will make it, although the club may proceed with what the Supreme Court integration decision called "deliberate speed." But other such . top clubs as the Metropolitan, the Chevy Chase Coun try, the Army and Navy and the University probably will hold the line, or at least try to do so. They have an argument in which Presi dent Kennedy, opposed as he is to segregation, can see some logic. A club is not a public carrier which is compelled to accept every body who has the price. It actual ly is an extension of a man's living room and he has the right to choose his friends .mi dinner companion No man could argue with much conviction that he has been depriv ed of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness because he does not belong to a club. At the risk of being executed at dawn by the combined chiefs of staff, let's have one more story about Washington clubs. It's about a guide who had worked out the.se capsule descriptions of clubs for the benefit of the tourists he was escorting: "Cosmos Club: All brains and no . money. 'Metropolitan Club: All money and no brains. "Army and Navy Club: No brains and no money." 4 V