Wi)t Qatlp Car ieel
n tfs seventieth year of editorial freedom, unhampered by
restrictions from either the University administration or the stu
dent body.
All editorials appearing in the DAILY TAR HEEL are the
indivdual opinions of the Editors, unless otherwise credited; they
do not necessarily represent the opinion of the staff. The edi
tors are responsible for all material printed in the DAILY TAR
HEEL.
November 29, 19G2
Tel. 942-235G
Vol. LXX, No. 54
'Extraordinary-Stains' And
Political Interference
Prior to the rioting, perhaps
somewhere in the middle of Gov
ernor Barnett's series of visits to
the "Ole Miss" campus, the South
ern Association of Colleges and
Schools has been vitally concerned
with the state of affairs at the
Univrsity of Mississippi.
Their primary concern was not
with the segregation policies of said
educational institution, but rather
with the nature of, if any, political
interference in the administration
of the University.
The Association apparently had
just cause to be concerned. On num
erous occasions events transpired
on the University campus which led
the nation to believe that Ross Bar
nett was indeed THE University
Administration. He had the power
to personally reject Meredith, and
apparently to determine what ac
tions the University would under
take in the event of Meredith's ad
mission. The board of trustees of
the University even went so far as
to designate Governor Barnett as
momentary-director-of -admissions.
However, the Association was
not limiting its interests to mere
political interference with adminis
trative policies. In the words of one
SACS delegate, who was to vote on
the commission's forthcoming pro
posals, "Our primary concern is the
over-all stability of the institutions
of higher learning in Mississippi.
We are deeply concerned with the
current attitudes and actions of the
university students, as well as the
state officials."
There has also been mention of
pressures brought to bear on facul
ty members, and published reports
that certain state legislators are
attempting to have .some professors
fired.
to hypothesize, that the Associa
tion apparently had some evidence
which would indicate that Gov
ernor Barnett and his cronies had
in fact tampered with the adminis
tration of one of those "institutions
of higher learning."
Prior to the hearing, Dr. William
II. McEniry, Dean of Stetson Uni
versity, and President of SACS,
had issued statements noting the
seriousness of the situation, and
the drastic results that would fol
low a possible loss of accreditation
for "Ole Miss." Supposing that this
was not mere "rocket-rattling," we
inferred that he was truly upset
over Barnett's interference, and
that he was upset because of known
political involvement.
But McEniry was not the only
member of the executive commit
tee of the Association to speak
prior to the hearings. Dr. Gordon
Sweet of Atlanta, executive secre
tary of the association's commis
sion on colleges, had indicated that
the association would be willing to
accept assurances from Governor
Ross (the "Hoss," as he is affec
tionately known by the "Ole Miss"
students) Barnett himself that
politics was not involved in the
administration of the University.
This was, to say the least, dis
concerting to many of us who had
come to believe that Governor
Barnett might just occasionally
"overlook" some facts about the
Meredith situation.
Sweet's .statement that, "I think
we would not question a governor's
word," certainly is the proper ap
proach in most dealings with elect
ed public officials, but this case
with Ross the Hoss .seemed to be
just a bit sticky, and quite a bit out
of the ordinary realm of normal
elected public officials.
"Well, To Start Willi. Of Course You Know He's A Nut"
-' SI? i
Certainly, action that might have
been taken against "Ole Miss" as an
act of vengeance or as threat to
other universities who might soon
face similar problems would have
been out of line. Any decision that
was to have been made was going
to be based strictly on fact, and was
going to reflect a sincere concern
for the "stability of the institutions
of higher learning in Mississippi."
We were led to believe, at least
JIM CLOTFELTER
CHUCK WRYE
Editors
BD1 Hobbs Associate Editor
Wayne King Harry Lloyd
Managing Editors
Art Pearce Dow Shepparl
News Editors
Ed Dupree Sports Editor
Curry Klrkpatrick - Asst. Spts. Ed.
Matt Weisman Feature Editor
Harry DeLung Night Editor
Jim Wallace Photography Editor
Mike Robinson Gary Blanchard
Contributing Editors
DAVE MORGAN
Business Manager
Gary Dal ton Advertising Mgr.
John Evans Circulation Mgr.
Dave Wysong Subscription Mgr.
Tn Daily Tab Hxzl la published dally
xeopt Monday, examination periods
and vacation. It is entered as second
class matter In the post office in Chapel
Bill, N. C pursuant with the act of
March S. 1870. Subscription rates i HH
per semester. IS per year.
Tn Duly Tam Ezbl Is a subscriber to
fcse United Press International and ,
nouzes we services ox ia mwi su
rest! of the University of North Caro-
. Published by the Publications Board
yt the University of North Carolina,
Chapel Bill, N. C.
Well, apparently the Southern
Association for Schools and Colleges
based their decision on a statement
from Barnett. The placing of six
Mississippi State colleges on "extra
ordinary-status" falls into a cate
gory of the absurd which must ap
parently be reserved for a state
that would elect a "Hoss" as gov
ernor in the first place.
Evidently something out of the
ordinary went on during the Mere
dith crisis, for the SACS did not see
fit to dismiss charges of interfer
ence. But that something must not
have violated a code of conduct
established for "institutions of
higher learning in Mississippi.'
Whv bother with a ridiculous label
of "extraordinary-status?"
When the president of the execu
tive committee of the Association
was asked to define the phrase, he
said, "Extraordinary-status means
status out of the ordinary." Now
that's certainly clever, and it means
absolutely nothing.
In fact, it is about as clever as
was the action that made Governor
Barnett momentary - directory - of
admissions at "Ole Miss." The only
difference in the two is that Gov
ernor Barnett's appointment by the
board of trustees meant something.
It meant that there was political
interference in the administration
of the University of Mississippi.
Wasn't that what the Southern
Association of Schools and Colleges
sought to avoid? (CW)
Peter Range ,
India Beset By
Poverty, Misery
&9&2- THfF- "5tittl&T&si -Post
Letters To The Editors
AAU Backed, Editor Hit
AAU President:
Tacts Wrong9
To the Editors,
It used to be that every time
things got dull around a newspaper
office somebody would suggest the
game of "Let's blast the A.A.U.".
Recently, however, the swing has
been the other way because the
general public is becoming educat
ed to the program of the A.A.U.
and the writers are beginning to see
the light.
I was just beginning to get used
to factual writing when someone sent
me a clipping of an editorial which
appeared in THE DAILY TAR
HEEL entitled "NCAA-AAU Con
fusion" and signed by (CW). Con
fusion was attributed to the wrong
parties.
First. The NCAA does not train
and turn out "the great majority of
Olympic-bound athletes", but on the
contrary supplied about 22 of the
American athletes in the past two
Olympic Games.
Second: There is no "revolt with
in the ranks of amateur athletes in
many sports". There has been pres
sure brought by certain individuals
who are interested only in their own
personal gain, but the athletes as a
whole are standing up for the A.A.U.
Third: Your statement that the
"latest A.A.U. stand (is) that no
individual who attends college on
an athletic scholarship is an ama
teur and therefore is not eligible
for international amateur competi
tion" is a complete untruth. The
A.A.U. has taken no such ridiculous
stand.
i At a meeting of the International
Amateur Athletic Federation this
fall at Belgrade, Yugoslavia, a reso
lution was introduced requesting the
A.A.U. to investigate athletic schol
arships in the United States in order
to determine whether such scholar
ships were given mainly for the
furtherance of the athlete's aca
demic education or solely for the
college to get the benefit of the
athlete's athletic ability. This reso
lution was passed unanimously with
the United State's representative
(the A.A.U.) abstaining its votes.
Because of the resolution it is en
cumbent upon the A.A.U. to investi
gate these scholarships and report
back to the IAAF, but each will be
considered upon its own merit, and
if the colleges are clean they will
have no worries.
This one thing can be a prize plum
for writers whose only wish is to be
sensational, because it lends itself so
easily to distortion. Athletic schol
arships are so important in the ed
ucational program and so close to
my heart that the distortion of the
facts disturbs me more than all the
belittling descriptions used in the
editorial.
I would appreciate it if you w'ould
afford me, as an alumnus of the
University of North Carolina and
not as the president of the Amateur
Athletic Union of the United States,
the courtesy of printing this state
ment in its entirety in your news
paper in as conspicuous a place as
you ran your editorial.
Louis J. Fisher
President, AAU
High Point, N. C.
'Have Mercy
On Your Soul'
To Co-editor Clotfelter,
I'm not very good at letter-writing
but I surely would like to state that
I think you have a warped sense of
values.
Thanksgiving is not meant for a
way to express your indignation at
the injustices you feel that you suf
fer at the hands of the University of
North Carolina. It is a time at which
we are supposed to give thanks
for the things that really count. I'm
sure you have SOMETHING to be
thankful for. Perhaps you might give
thanks to Almighty God for the
fact that you are able to receive an
education, that you have more op
portunities than millions do, that
you are able to force your opinions
on people through the medium of a
"newspaper."
I am simply unable to find words
for the contempt I feel for you and
your using one of the most important
and meaningful times of the year
as a tool for your narrow-mindedness.
God have mercy on your soul.
Worth M. Helms
Baptists Shirked
Responsibility
To the Editors,
I have been greatly disheartened
by the decision of the State Baptist
Convention to table the proposal to
go on record supporting the abolish
ment of capital punishment until
next year. How much longer can
organized religion "table" issues
that are of vital concern to the
Church? Perhaps my Baptist bre
thren might learn from Catherine
the Great of Russia who issued in
1767 her famous "Instruction" which
abolished capital punishment and
declared that, "It is moderation
which rules a people and not excess
of severity."
The moral responsibility for capi
tal punishment is society's respon
sibility and hence the church's who
is ostensibly society's moral leader.
Despite man's resistance to change,
lack of imagination and resistance
to reason and fact, the truth is that
the public is beginning to realize
that it no longer needs the execu
tioner's protection; that the delib
erate taking of a life by the State
is unjustifiable on religious or phil
osophic or scientific grounds; that
executions by mistake will go on as
long as capital punishment will go
on, because this risk is inherent in
its nature. We realize medically
that a vast number of murderers
are mentally sick, and an equal
number are victims of circumstance
who can be reclaimed for human
society. The substitution of the life
sentence for the death penalty ex
poses the peaceful citizen to no
greater risk than that of being
killed by lightning, and less than
the risk of being a passive accom
plice in the execution of an inno
cent or a mentally deranged per
son. It is not only a question of the
lives we offer annually as a sacri
fice to the stupid moloch of preju
dice. The electric chair is a symbol
of all the cruelty and terror of ear
lier ages, a symbol of irreverence
for life, an image of the beastly
man.
Lee Rainey
Brady Practice
Hit By Couple
To the Editors,
(Open letter to Mr. Brady McLen
nan) During the six years that we lived
in Chapel Hill, we have dined at
Brady's Restaurant, or carried out
box dinners on an average of once
or twice a month. Any business es
tablishment would have considered
us "good customers," and indeed,
we have always received excellent
service and courteous greetings
when we entered Brady's. Until last
Sunday evening.
On that occasion, we were dining
out with another couple, who are
Negroes. The smiles and greetings
we were accustomed to at Brady's
were frozen, and we were gruffly
told that we would not be served,
and were admonished like children
with the remark that we "should
have known better."
We have several regrets over this
incident. The main regret is learn
ing that your prejudice is more im
portant to you than a customer's
good will. We cannot return to Bra
dy's if we are welcomed with one
set of friends, and excluded with an
other. We regret also the embarass
ment caused our friends, since we
had no intentions of subjecting them
to such an incident when we sug
gested going to Brady's. Further,
we were shocked that in 1962 in
Chapel Hill, which is not Oxford,
Mississippi, such a thing can still
occur.
: When our patronage is not limit
ed to the times we dine alone or
with white companions, we shall look
forward to going again to Brady's.
Until such time, we cannot in good
conscience accept the terms under
which we are welcome there.
Mr. and Mrs. Kurt W. Back
(Editor's Note: Mr. Range is a
former UNC student, now study
ing abroad. This is the first in a
series of articles on India.)
DHARWAR, INDIA This vast
land of 440,000,000 in habitants
makes such multifarious impres
sions upon the Western visitor, new
ones being added daily, that he hard
ly knows where to begin in relat
ing it all to his fellows in the charm
ed Occident.
The contrasts are so striking and
numerable, from the eating and
dressing habits of India to her basic
mentality (the European and Amer
ican ways of life now seem almost
one and the same, after experienc
ing the East), and yet certain strains
of common ideas and customs are
to be traced in Indian and Western
life.
Immediately upon arrival in Bom
bay after a 72-day, six thousand mile
trek from Europe my senses were
assailed by more impressions than
they could digest in the short two
days there. The teeming masses are
always about when one is in the city,
shouting, selling, spitting, eating,
sleeping, moving in all directions at
once. Long lines of poor, dark-skin,
white-clad Indian men pass their
days in the boiling sun on some
curbstone, evidencing the high un
employment prevalent in the cities.
The scrawny, undernourished "cool
ies" (common word attributed to all
manual laborers in India, from rice
pullers to street cleaners') who push
old loads barefooted through the
streets on their crude handcarts, as
well as the red-clad (wearing a red
turban instead of a red cap, as in
the U. S.) train porters who tote
your hundred-pound trunk on their
heads for six cents, spend many
hours sleeping on the cement, so
scarce are their jobs.
Nevertheless one sees businesses
of every kind in operation. Along
one street will be ten textile shops,
vending India's best product in their
small, open-front edifices, where
everyone sits on the floor on cush
ions and the customer may well be
brought a cup of tea while he waits.
Between two shops there often hangs
a big box, firmly attached to the
building wall. Opened up, this box
houses tiny shelves full of every
thing from combs to cigarettes and
incense; on a bare ledge projecting
from the box's bottom sits the pro
prietor, peddling his cheap wares
all day long to the passers-by, never
growing tired of squatting on his
wee square foot of board, for he
knows nothing else. Like as not he
will join the thousands who stretch
out on Bombay's sidewalks every
night (pedestrians respecffully re
main out in the street) for their
night's sleep they have nothing else.
Leaving the more orderly, pros
perous island called Ballard Estate,
with its large shipping companies,
the seaman's home, and the oTT com
panies, we pass through the shade
of the cool trees gracing the front
of the central post office and soon
find ourselves among the ever-moving
multitudes again. All along the
sidewalks ambitious tradesmen
spread their blankets and pile them
high with sweaters, shirts, plastic
wares, ball point pens, and an end
less variety of other goods. Their
varied, rapid-fire cries split the ears
of the crowds pouring from huge
Victoria Terminus, where Bombay's
commuter trains arrive loaded to
the very roofs with passengers.
Around another corner are a long
line of booths in which typewriter
armed men are sitting, prepared to
write letters for illiterates (80 of
India does not read or write) or fill
out deeds and other legal papers.
They work until late at night, each
placing a candle above his machine
and setting an incense stick to
burn, creating an errie effect on
the passer-by. In this part of town
you must expect a tap on the should
er and "Sir, you want money . . .
seven rupees I give you for dollar
. . . what about it?" where the black
market operates in many forms,
trying to sell smuggled goods and
money, especially to sailors and for
eigners (official rate: 4.75 rupees
per U. S. dollar).
A few blocks further brings one
into Bombay's pretty area, a long
mall of cricket fields, surrounded
by government, university, and com
mercial buildings ki the resplendent
Victorian style of sixty years ago,
all vestiges of the British colonial
period. Even today this English
sport as well as others such as rac
ing and dog-showing are practiced
almost daily by those very few who
can afford it.
A magnificent, long, but ill-repaired
dual lane boulevard called "Ma
rine Drive" sweeps in a slow arch
around Bombay's unnavigahle,
beached northern bay, leading us in
to the "Hanging Gardens" and
"Breach Candy" sections, the weal
thy residential areas of India's fastest-growing
city. On a visit to a
family in one of the newest, most
modern apartment houses (there is
no room for private houses in Bom
one would expect in a wealthy Wash
ington suite, including a majestic
view of the harbor (enchantingly
lighted at night) and curving coast
linesuch a standard of living is so
rare as to be almost non-existent
in this country.
Huddled in tall apartment hous
es surrounding a battery of exclusive
swimming pools called "Breach
Candy" is Bombay's European com
munity (a subtle term for "the
white people"). Including Western
ers from Americans to Russians, the
Europeans pass most of their idler
hours within the confines of "Breach
Candy's" walls, bathing in the sun,
eating Western snacks, swimming
in one of the three pools lined by
an immaculate, verdant lawn. In an
effort to create a haven from the
filth and general primitiveness which
characterizes a large portion of In
dia, "Breach Candy" was set up ex
clusively for the Europeans; they
have momentarily pacified demo
cratization movements by ruling that
Indians could be brought in twice
a month as guests of season ticket
holders. My general impression of
the Europeans I saw and spoke with
in "Breach Candy" is a poor one
they seemingly consider themselves
immeasurably superior to the In
dians, many maintaining that the
"natives" are uneducable. Espec
ially among the British, most of
whom are connected with shipping
or import firms, I sense that they
still fancy themselves colonialist,
viewing it as the Indians' bad luck
to have taken away their "great
white man's burdens" and become
independent.
Although one becomes immunized
with time, the unforgettable fact is
that indian cities are filthy. Most
serious is the amount of both ani
mal and human waste matter lit
tering the streets. As animals are
used in huge number (mostly oxen)
for the transportation of goods, it
is inevitable that the streets be fil
thy. Only the well-to-do areas can
finance a cleaning campaign. The
presence of this contamination along
with indiscriminant spitting creates
a haven for the disease-spreading
flies. Sewage problems are great and
all drinking water must be boiled
for twenty-five minutes before use.
only a strong-willed, steel-stomached
American can visit the vegetable or,
worse-still, meat market I won't at
tempt here a description of the sight
and smell of it.
Making it easier for the forces of
insanitation and diseases are the
facts that for the masses the place
where you live is on the ground and
the most natural footwear is your
own tough skin. A spare moment is
never spent standing, the coolie who
meets a friend squats where he is
for a while; whole families are seen
sprawled on the bespitaled floor of
the tram station, countless children
and brass pots among them. In their
own huts, of course, there is no fur
niture. A trip into the suburbs by local
train or bus takes us past perhaps
the most distressing manifestation
of India's abject poverty the
shack villages. Built of cardboard,
pieces of scrap metal, reeds, and
other pieces of wood and rock to
hold them together, each shack may
he eight feet by eight feet and house
a family of four to ten members.
Literally squatting in their own
squalor, these villages appear on
any one-to-two-acre pieces of ground
left vacant, are provided with a sin
gle faucet, and are lined with nar
row, muddy alleyways. Here the
children run naked (even baby boys,
however, wear a symbolic leather
cord about their stomachs) and in
sanitation runs rampant.
I have come to leam, surprising
ly enough, that most Indians are
scrupulously clean in their personal
habits, especially regarding washing
their bodies, which they do with
religious zeal (for many Hindus, it
carries religious overtones). In every
pond or muddy well one sees the
coolies washing away; lack of soap
and hot water, of course, much re
duces the effects of this constant
washing. In middle- and upper-class
families, one or two showers per day
is the norm.
; There are beautiful and admirable
sides of India and her people, to be
sure (later articles). But the over
riding facts of the poverty, misery,
and insanitation which plagues In
dia's masses should never be let
out of sight. Fortunately she can
show a number of brilliant intellects
and dedicated individuals among her
somewhat inefficient and even cor
rupt political and economic leaders,
whose efforts to reverse the tide of
misery against the staggering odds
are admirable. Tragically, many of
the hard-won - economic gains since
Independence (1947) are rapidly be
ing canceled out by the costly Chin
ese invasion.
t