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Justice, In Virginia Where Is It? 23atlp tZtar wztl I I P I In its seventieth year of editorial freedom, unhampered by i restrictions from cither the University administration or the stu dent body. All editorials appearing in the DAILY TAR HEEL are the individual opinions of the Editors, unless otherwise credited; they do not necessarily represent the opinions of the staff. The edi- k tors are responsible for all material printed in the DAILY TAR HEEL. I March 5, 19G3 Tel. 942-2356 Vol. LXX, No. 107 McDevitt, Spearman & An All-Campus UP The University Party meets to night to sharpen its fangs for the sprint? elections and take a look at its prospective candidates. Between Tonight's meeting and the nomin ating convention next Tuesday UP members will have to make a choice between a slate of Larry Mc Devitt and Bob Spearman for president-vice president and one of Spearman and Ford Rowan for president-vice president. The UP must make a choice. The opposition Student Party has no choice it has one good candi date, Mike Lawler, and no one else. The choice for the UP partly has to do with personalities and, partly, with issues. Larry McDevitt favors a student government and campus University Party. Bob Spearman favors a "strong student government and campus University Party. What's the difference? We suggested in an editorial last week a grouping of the UP into Old Greeks and New Greeks. The Old Greeks are the remnants of that philosophy which said if-there-is-a-job-a-fraternity-man - can - do it - better - than - a-dorm-man-any-day. They are the fraternity and sorority members who most oppos ed Mike Chanin's dorm-supported election as UP chairman. They are "strong" an all- an all- the survivors of a University Par ty of the past, and are reluctant to accept an all-campus orientation in any more than name alone. The New Greeks are working pri marily in dormitory and all-campus areas. They refuse to fight what must be a losing battle against the dorm man. Spearman is the obvious choice of the New Greeks, the choice of those who have been most success ful at winning votes and building a good image for the party in the past year. McDevitt is not an "Old Greek" he has lived in a dormitory. But he is .supported by the Old Greeks, we feel, because of a combination of factors primarily resentment against Chanin and against Spear man and Rowan, and a vague feet ing that McDevitt is the "lesser of evils" for the Old Greeks. The real and substantial differ ences between McDevitt and Spear man lie in their concepts of the role and scope of student government with Spearman idealizing a broader and more penetrating entrance of Student government into the life of the students. The UP has one week to make a decision. The Student Party will be using that week to beg its one and only candidate Lawler to run, .and he probably will. (JC) "Try Him" As the election fever overcomes Graham Memorial, and the politi cal smoothies slither around cam pus lining up their potential back ers, as we notice an increased sincerity in the voice of all con cerned, before the election gets too close, and prior to the formulation of any real issues, the temptation to lump all politicians into one ugly pile is too overpowering to put off. So don't. At this stage of the game, they all sound alike; most of them look alike; and for all intents and pur poses, they think alike. They are politicians. Right now they want more than your vote. They want a "commit ment," that sacred, vital assurance that basically, deep down inside, where and when it really counts, you are for them. "Yes, I will back you." There are no words more sacred, no in tentions more put upon. JIM CLOTFELTER CHUCK WRYE Editors Chris Farran News Editor Wayne King Harry Lloyd ; Managing Edilors , Harry DeLung Night Editor Ed Dupree Sports Editor c Curry Kirkpatrick Asst. Sports Editor Jim Wallace Photog. Editor Mickey Blackwell , Gary Blanchard Contributing Editors as DAVE MORGAN Business Manager Gary Dalton .... Advertising Mgr. John Evans Circulation Mgr. Dave Wysong Subscription Mgr. THE DAILY TAR HEEL is published daily except Monday, examination per- ;s iods, and vacations. It is entered as p second class matter in the post office in s Chapel Hill. N. C. pursuant with the act of March 8. 1870. H Subscription rates: $4.50 per semester; $8 per vear. , THE DAILY TAP. HEEL is a sub- U scriber to the Un.ted Press Interna- y tional and utilizes the services of the News Bureau of the University of f North Carolina. . . . THE DAILY TAR HEEL is published by the Publications Board of the Un.s- ;3 versitv of North Carolina at Chapel s Hill. Chapel Hill, N. C. ;4 But, as we were saying, right about now, they all seem the same, and there just ain't no issues. Really, it is quite difficult to tell one from the other. So we of fer to all sincerely apathetic stu dents the following bi of nonsense, which might best be used as a "greeting" to future political pests. Yes, I am in this room. No, I will not shout "come in." Yes, I know that you will only take a minute. No, I don't have a minute to spare. Yes, I know that you are sin cere. No, I am not impressed. Yes, I care about the issues. No, you don't care more. Yes, I could be more informed. No, you are not the one to in form me. Yes, my vote is important. But so is the guy next door, why don't you try him. (CW) Bandwagon Back in September, we heard rumors circulating that the Univer sity Party was about to fall heir to the greatest political mind ever to grace this campus. A real "take charger" -was ready and willing to institute a golden age. Since that time there has been more political "bandwagoning" and more changing of horses than any one could have ever imagined pos sible. If the trend continues, the UP will pick up so many strays and so many potential heroes that pret ty soon Mike Chanin will have to shift gears to stay ahead of the leadership-starved kids that he pulled up out of the pits of a sup posed SP vacuum. (CW) HENRY MAYER Tension Within Muslims (Eds. Note: This is the first in a four-part series on the Black Muslin movement, written by UNC senior Henry Mayer, who worked with the U. S. Civil Rights Com mission last summer). The Black Muslims have been de scribed variously as "one of a ple thora of bizarre Negro cults that be gan just before the Depression end ed in the metropolitan slums of the North," "a dynamic social protest group that moves upon a religious vehicle," "a Separate black economy which can be dismissed as wilful and mischievous nonsense," "a fanatical, pseudo'Mosiem, all-Negro group ad vocating friendship with the USSR, disobedience to the laws of the Unit ed States arid death to all 'white devils," and a "self-conscious com munity whose members strive by hard work, self-discipline and sacri fice to live in accordance with a cen tral ideal Islam as they understand it. They have also been declared "a growing danger to our internal se curity" by Rep. Francis Walter. Given this wide range of opinion about the organization, it is not surprising that evaluating the Black Muslims (or more accurately, The Lost-Found National of Islam in North America) is a tricky and pre carious business. The Muslims op erate behind closed doors to a large extent. They advocate rigorous stand ards of personal morality for the achievement of economic and social identity as well as self-respect, but base this doctrine upon a paradoxi cal and muddled religious philosophy which includes the diverse elements of Islamic brotherhood, racial hatred, and revealed Truth (or charismatic quackery, depending upon your point of view). The Muslims, however, can not be categorically dismissed as racial medicine men, condemned as subversives, accepted as legitimate contributors to the national discus sion, or written of! as a fad without further discussion. In this series of articles attempts will be made to examine the content and practice of the Muslims ideology, consider its status as a religion, the position of force and violence in the Muslim credo, and its political orientation. The leader of the Black Muslims in America is Elijah Muhammed, born in Georgia 65 years ago as Eli jah Poole. Since 1933 Muhammed has been Allah's Messenger in this coun try, attempting to deliver the Ameri can Negro from bondage. Muhammed believes that "the Original Man is the Black Man," and by reconvert ing to Islam, the Negro thus regains the identity he lost centuries ago when he was shackled into slavery. The white man is literally the "dev il" of the piece, for his wickedness has subjugated, oppressed and de stroyed the Negro. Since the Negro is held to be the superior being, there is an elaborate system -which ex plains the infamous and devious ways in which the white man subdued the Negro. Allah has willed that the days of the whites are numbered, and hence the Muslims must prepare for their assumption of control. No date for this take-over has been established, and it is Elijah's responsibility to announce this date to his people, Since no upper time limit has been made clear, some observers view the Muslim movement as a type of religious millenialism, in which the promise of the not-too-distance future forces the acceptance of a current program. Elijah Muhammed advo-. cates a twelve point plan for the "de liverance and salvation of the Ameri can Negro." The points are listed as follows: (1) Separate yourselves from your slave masters. ' (2) Pool resources, education and other qualifications for independence. (3) Stop forcing yourselves into places where you are not wanted. (4) Make your own neighborhood a decent place in which to live. (5) Rid yourself of the lust of wine Letters Welcome The editors of the Daily Tar Heel gladly accept letters from students and other members of the Univer sity community. Letters must be free from libel, in good taste, and limited to 300 500 words. They should be typed, double spaced, if possible. Letters on any topic are welcome. All letters become the property of the Daily Tar Heel, and may be published unless the writer requests otherwise. No anonymous letters will be print ed, regardless of subject matter or worth. Every letter WTiter should include his signature with a cam pus address that can be verified. gv.v.-.-.w.ww. .v.-.-.- -v ,..vuv.v,v.w:.v)m:A:AV. and drink and learn to love your self and your kind before loving others. (6) Unite to create a future for yourselves. (7) Build up your own homes, schools, hospitals, and factories. (8) Do not seek to mix your blood through racial integration. (9) Stop buying expensive cars, fine clothes and goods before you have a fine home. (10) Spend your money among yourselves. (11) Build an economic system among yourselves. (12) Protect your women. Although the appeal is based upon racial hatred and religious mysticism, it is undeniably an exhortation to conform to the old "Protestant Ethic" of industry, hard work, thrift, self discipline and moral uprightness as the means of achieving success in this world. The movement attracts upwardly mobile, lower class Negroes who are motivated by a need for identity and a desire for self-improvement. Many of these people have few skills and are rejected by more prosperous Negroes as well as the white community. The Muslims have had considerable success in recruit ing in prisons; the celebrated Mal colm X first found Islam while in jail. These people have nothing that America is supposed to offer (includ ing hope), and the messianic flavor of racial separatism is a powerful attraction indeed. The inconsistency between the re ligion of mystic Islam and the pro gram of Yankee-Protestantism is recognized by Elijah, although he sees no reason to resolve the ten sion. Next: Religion, Recruitment and Growth. NEW REPUBLIC In Lynchburg, Virginia, on a rainy December day an unmarried white woman, aged 59, was raped and robbed of $1.36 by a Negro. She was the third woman in two months to hae been sexually assaulted, and from her descriptions, the Lynch burg papers pieced together and pub lished a sketch of the "Negro Rap ist." Two days later Thomas Carlton Wansley, 17, a Negro, was arrested and accused of the rape of two wo men, the attempted rape of the third, and of robbery. Though he was a minor, the city authorities exercised their option and tried him as an adult. In two different trials, a male, all-white jury found him guilty of the two rapes and of robbery. The judge sentenced the boy to die in the electric chair not once but twice an das an afterthought, gave him 20 years in prison. The day of the con viction, the Lynchburg papers ran a box score of the Negroes from that city who had been executed since 1958 three. Wansley has an IQ of 75. His teach ers said he never did anything at school but sit and stare out the window. He left at 16, not having completed the sixth grade. He has no criminal record. At both trials, Wansley's lawyer sought to have him sent to the Cen tral State Hospital in Petersburg fir psyduatric examination. The jude dismissed the requests, and a court appointed psychiatrist, making a cursory examination, found him sane. Attempts to change the venue be cause of newspaper publicity, and to dismiss the jury because it was all-white, were in vain. In the first trial, the white woman Wansley was said to have raped was not able to identify him. The burden of evidence consisted of alleged confessions he had made to the authorities nfter his arrest and a supposed re-enactment of tiie crime at the scene. Thereupon, the prosecutor, a former FBI aent Rcyston Jester III, urged the jurors to return the death penalty; if they did not, the residents could not walk safely on the streets. They complied in one hour, 41 minutes. In the second trial, Wansley was accused of raping a Japanese wo man. His defense" was that he was in her home at her request and that their sexual relationship was one in volving mutual concent. Again, he was found guilty and sentenced to death. Last year, in Lynchburg, a white used car salesman was convicted of the statutory rape of an 11-year-old Negro girl and received a 20-year sentence. Carolina And Duke Are Style-Setters By Hugh Russell Fraser t Durham Herald Chapel Hill and Duke University have become the college style cen ters of the nation. In other words, what the students at Chapel Hill and Duke are wear ing today will be the collegiate fash ion at America's colleges and uni versities next year, and the year af ter. Several experts, to my astonish ment confirm this. When I first heard it I was so puz zled, my natural question was ; Why Duke and Chapel Hill? And the an swer 1 received was enlightening and invariable: "I don't know, but it's a fact!" When I suggested to one of my informants, Eric Bradbery, who has traveled 13 states for nine years for a very popular brand of imported British-made sweaters (Alan Paine), that the University of Virginia had been credited in some quarters as the pace-setter, his answer was quick and emphatic: "Nonsense! True, one of the style magazines published in the" North, afraid to give credit to the Deep South, settled on Charlottesville, as sort of a half-way point between the North and the South, but I know the situation like the back of my hand and I tell you it is Chapel Hill and Durham . . . the evidence for it is overwhelming and I can cite chapter and verse, and so can anyone else who knows the collegiate style world. "Chapel Hill," he continued, "may have a shade of a lead over Duke, but the two together the University of North Carolina and Duke set the pace, nationally speaking, and the rest of the cam uses follow. "You are talking about sweaters only?" I suggested. "Oh no, I'm not! It's also true in shirts and shoes and other key items." "Are you telling me," I asked, "that the college kids throughout the nation insist on certain brands aid styles?" "I am!", he said flatly. "This is an age of conformity and, as far as college styles are concerned, getting more pronounced every year. Why, did you know that even the trend among women students on the cam pus is to copy the men's styles? Take the button-down shirt, for in stance. The girls are asking for it now as well as the boys ... and the V-neck sweater! Wow! The girls are going for it now, because the boys have it. . . . Now that's some thing that started at Chapel Hill Durham two years ago and spread to every college campus in the country.- "Come on," I said, "let's be a little more specific. "All right," he replied, "in 19G1 the Shetland crew-neck sweater was at the peak of it's popularity in the colleges. Then, in that year, Chapel Hill and Durham switched to a V neck, flat-knit, lambs wool pullover . . within less than 14 months the craze for V-necks had spread, North, South and West. "Or take another instance," he continued. "The colors burgundy and navy suddenly became fav orites at Duke and Chapel Hill and now have spread all over the South and are already moving westward." From other sources I was surpris ed to learn that the college kids in sist on brand name favorites. In shoes . . . it's Bass-Weejuns; in shirts . . . it's Gant; in cologne for men . . . it's English-Leather and nothing else? I never heard of any of these before . . . which shows I'm not in the groove. "Are you sure?", I asked a col legiate store manager. "Sure!", ho exploded. "Listen, brother, if I didn't have 'em, I wouldn't be in business tomorrow!" Well, all I say is that if the college kids have to conform, it's something that Chapel Hill and Duke are the leaders . . . style centers of the collegiate world! Frosh Failout Points Out Needs RALEIGH TIMES Things good, and things bad, come form the grassroots. It may be that the members of the Visiting Committee of the Uni versity Trustees should look back to some of the grassroots for reasons as to why the academic failure rate for freshmen at Chapel Hill has been running 13 to 15 per cent. The Visit ing Committee worried about that rate in its latest report, and it should have so worried. No one can tell, to be sure, what caused that rate. There will be the usual number of freshmen who just didn't apply themselves. They had the academic background from high school, but just loafed away their freshman year, and failure was the result. There will be some freshmen who just didn't have what college takes, and shouldn't have been there in the first place. And, there will be right many of those freshmen who came from the smaller high schools in the state. Some of those freshmen just didn't have the kind of high school prepara tion they needed to make the grade, no matter how hard they might have tried. That, in all probability, would be the story the Visiting Committee could find if it dug name by name through the lists of freshmen who failed. And in these findings would be the real story of the real need of education in North Carolina. That is the need of a continuing program of Improve ment for all public school education in the State. So many trf the smaller local school units depend entirely on state appropriations for their sup port. Only as that minimum state support is increased will those schools be able to turn out more and more young people who can meet the grade at Carolina and the other institutions of higher learning. Children "who enter college from larger city school units, such as Ra leigh, have an academic advantage over those from the smaller high schools in the areas which don't have local school supplements. Undoubted ly that always will be the case, but the spread should be less and less as the state level of support is raised. This legislature has before it recom mendations from the Governor and the Advisory Budget Commission which will raise the minimum state support. The increase won't be nearly so large as it was two years ago, but it is an increase and it will help. As long as each legislature does all it can to provide more for schools, there will be improvement each two years. And along with the improvement, we should see a drop in the failure rate among freshmen at State, Caro lina and the other colleges.
Daily Tar Heel (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
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March 5, 1963, edition 1
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