Newspapers / The daily Tar Heel. / Feb. 20, 1964, edition 1 / Page 1
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tJ.T.C. Library Serials Dept. Box 370 Chap.i AW EDITORIAL Chapel Hill's Great Myth Of '90-95 Integration' The notion has become firmly fixed in the public niind that Chapel Hill's Negroes already have the cake of civil rights and are now demanding the frosting as well. . It is indicative of the gravity of our situation that nothing could be farther from the truth. It is also indicative of the competency with which Chapel Hill's racial problem has been handled that no official body of the town has defined the scope of the problem, in terms of making a survey to see how much discrimination there is in, say, public accommodations, to cite one area of concern. Instead the magic figure of "90-95 integration" has been bandied about to the point where it is accepted , as the truth. If it were true, there would be good reason for the disenchantment which has set in among some people of good will, who profess to have become alienat ed from the Negro's cause in Chapel Hill because of his apparent unreasonableness in demands and tactics. , The first and most obvious fallacy in the integra tion claim is that desegregation is a far different thing than integration. It's the difference between grudigng admission and hearty acceptance. I So the claim must immediately be amended to read s'90-95 desegregation," and the question is, where did this figure come from ? Furthermore, what is the actual percentage of desegregation in public accommo dations? (Note that the areas of equal employment, housing and education are not included in this discussion, al though only in education has any real desegregation progress been achieved.) We checked into these questions early last month, and presented some answers in our January 12 edition. We found that the 95 figure came from a some what hit-or-miss survey performed last summer by the Chapel Hill-Carrboro Merchants Association, in answer to a request from Mayor Sandy McClamroch and The Chapel Hill Weekly. This is not to criticize the Associa tion's excellent executive director, Joe Augustine, who did the best job he could under the hurry-up circum stances. But he nevertheless did an inadequate job, which proved to be quite misleading. As Augustine was quick to admit when we talked with him, the Association surveyed some 250 retail establishments as opposed to places of public accom modation, the point at issue and found that 5-8 per cent of them discriminated in service to Negroes. What makes the percentage unreliable is not only that the establishments surveyed included such busi nesses as. heating contractors, which have never been known to discriminate on the basis of race anyhow and were thus beside the point. Also involved was, the fact that all retail establishments included in the survey were not even called, much less personally checked. As Augustine told us candidly, "We just called the places where we knew there was some question." Clearly, the inclusion of businesses with little, if any, relation to public accommodations as they are nor mally thought of, means that the percentage of busi nesses which do discriminate turns out to be exceed ingly small in overall terms. And the fact that all of these businesses were not even called in any event means that the 5-8 per cent discrimination figure is rendered even less reliable as an indicator of the degree of discrimination in Chapel Hill's public accommoda tions. We therefore took our own survey. It too turned out to be inadequate, due chiefly to the difficulty in defin ing a place of public accommodation and lack of man power to check all such places. But at least it gave a more accurate picture of discrimination in Chapel Hill's public accommodations. We selected eight types of retail facilities listed in the Yellow Pages of the town's phone book facilities which would seem to fall under the title of public ac commodation. In telephone interviews with managers and em ployees, we discovered that 25 of 116 such places practiced some form of discrimination in service to Negroes. Examples: 32 of the local restaurants discriminate in some way, ranging from stand-up or back-door service to Ne groes to complete refusal to serve Negroes. Five of nine establishments listed as serving beer and ale do not have equal -service. That's 55 7 dis crimination. Three, of five motels do not accept Negro lodgers. The other two are predominantly Negro, but do have some white patronage. Of 3 ice-cream businesses, one (Brady's Frozen Custard Drive-in) serves Negroes only at the back window. The other two apparently provide equal serv ice. There were some bright spots in the survey, such as the fact that only two of the 37 service stations have segregated rest-rooms. There also were some flagrant holes in our survey, such . as the inclusion of totally segregated Watts Motel and Restaurant, which tech nically are outside of the town limits. But the holes were honest errors and we readily admit them. The important fact is that we at least made an ef fort to find out the extent of discrimination in public accommodations, and our findings are far more reveal ing than those of the Merchants Association. Our findings clearly indicate that racial discrimina tion in 'Chapel 'Hill is far more widespread than many good people realize, especially when you take into ac count the stubbornly woeful state of housing and em ployment opportunities. This is why we have supported, and will continue to support, racial protests in Chapel Hill. Despite what you hear to. the contrary, racial discrimination here is far from being a straw man. . " 7 Offices in Graham Memorial i r m, jf ? r 5- 4: , c. 4 i. 11 WZr'- 7 $ THE ATO's last night became the second Greek organization within the week to be picketed at The Pines Restaurant. Approxim ately 15-20 picketers representing the Wesley Foundation, Newman Club and St. Anthony Hall Fraternity marched outside The Pines around 6 p.m., while the ATO's were holding an old and new officers banquet inside. Reservations for the dinner were made after a boycott of segregated establishments was called by SG President Mike Lawler and the Student Legislature. The fraternity said in a statement that they felt Lawler, "has improperly used his position to express his personal beliefs and perhaps the beliefs of several of his friends." The fraternity also called for a student referendum on the boycott. Photo by Jim Wallace. DTH Salaries Slashed By Budget Committee VP Hears ! Jong Speak Monday The idea of residence colleges, long considered but never dis cussed, was brought into the open this week by Dean of Men William J. Long. Speaking at a meeting of the University Party, Long dis cussed the college system, which would divide the quads into "residence colleges" which would work as a team for in creased social, recreational and study activities. "'By this meth od I believe that UNC would have taken a large step in al leviating the feeling of anony mity created in a mass consti tution," he said. He also discussed some of the problems facing UNC today, in cluding the questioning of the effectiveness of the honor sys tem. He also commented on fra ternities and the parking situation. Preyer Molds Breal By HUGH STEVENS Gubernatorial hopeful L. Rich ardson Preyer told a group of about 300 Orange County resi dents yesterday that "there must be a new hope in education and agriculture in North Carolina." The Greensboro former judge spoke, appropriately, at Camp HI Ullll JtltWW''WWa'WU.-llq.W.WIIJ Ml ... ,,VV4,...fX.n..,..... Ml.JJUai.l..l...WIWWWMWMllllMMMMMMMlMMMMMMiMMMIMMMMMM - W fc ,-.. 1 ' ii I! &.xJ - l km r- s Xj rr Former Federal Judge and presently guberna torial candidate Richardson Preyer speaks to the crowd of approximately 300 at' Camp New Wkt CHAPEL o i ' " f , s , .-.mSS -1 -4k The Budget Committee of 'stu dent government has cut $4, 263.50 from the requested DTH budget for next year. Salaries were out and a re quest :to . increase, the number of copies delivered to Victory Vil lage and Glen Lennox residents was cut in half. Art Pearce, DTH business manager, asked for a total budg et of $71,218, an increase of $6,569 over this year. Pearce asked for an addi tional $4,600 to increase the num ber of copies printed daily by 1,000 and to circulate about one half of these door-to-door in Vic tory Village and. Glen Lennox. The committee cut his re quest to an increase of 500 copies and eliminated the idea of door-to-loor delivery. In its place, some of the money is designated for setting up more mail-boxes in these two areas. There are now two boxes in Victory Village and one in Glen Lennox. There are presently 8,500 copies printed daily. Of these 7,950 are circulated to students and faculty. The remainder go to . . (Continued on Page 4) New Hope near Hillsboro, where he greeted his supporters at an early-morning breakfasts He noted the recent growth of UNC, but reminded his audience that "growth for growth's sake is not necessarily a virtue." "The University," he said, "has a certain quality which I , f z. - , .y ..: S... . , z',-, -y - - , - in. Hope . yesterday morning. Preyer made the Orange County stop from 8-9:30. (Photo by Jim Wallace) HILL, NORTH CAROLINA, Mistake By JEFFREY DICK An instructor at the "Freedom School," set up by civil rights leaders - to serve members boy cotting Lincoln High School, said today he thought the boycott was a mistake. In a letter to the DTH, Dr. Joseph Straley said "In my opin ion, the boycottt is a mistake. I hope that the students will re turn voluntarily to their classes and that the authorities will ac cept them upon their return." Straley's letter will be publish ed in full in the next few days. In citing his reasons for parti cipating in teaching students at the makeshift school, Straley said he hoped to help the students keep up with their work so they would not be at a loss when they re turned to school. J. V. Henry, spokesman for the Chapel Hill Freedom Commit tee, said he was certain Straley was in sympathy with the aims of the boycott but not in favor of the truancy advocated by the sup porters of the boycott. A group of parents initiating the boycott meet tonight to recon sider their actions. Henry added that the Chapel Hill Freedom Committee did not institute the boycott but was in support of it. The boycott started Friday when 55 students walked out of classes at Lincoln High School in pro test of racial discrimination. Since that time, 30 have returned to the school. The : remainder have been attending the "Freedom SchooL" ..One student, head: of the Stu dent Coordinating Committee of Lincoln High, which initiated the move, has been expelled by the school. Others face possible ac tion, pending the outcome of the next -meeting of the Chapel Hill School Board on Monday. Another student who has participated in the boycott was expelled for an unstated reason and is scheduled to appear before authorities to day. INTERVIEWS The Elections Board of Student Government will be holding inter views today from 3-4:45 p.m. in the Woodhouse Room of GM. Arthur Hays, chairman, an nounced yesterday that approxi mately 10 positions are open. The Elections Board is responsible for the supervision of All-Campus elec tions, including the arrangements and ballot-counting. hope it will not lose by growing too large, too fast." Preyer said this "spirit of the University" leads the state, and, a flood of students could cause the spirit to cease. He said the answer to this problem could lie in the proposed system of com munity colleges, which would Straley: Boy Mm THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 20, Attorney General Supports Town Picketing Amendmen State Assistant Attorney Gen eral Ralph Moody has advised Chapel Hill Town officials that he thinks the pending ordinance amendment to limit the hours of picketing here is constitutional. The opinion has been sent to Town Attorney J. Q. LeGrand and will be presented to the Board of Aldermen at its regu lar meeting next Monday night. Mr. r 'Moody described the amendment as the "fairest and most equitable proposal we have found in a long time." The amendment would limit picketing ki Chapel Kill to the hours between 7 a.m. and 7 p.m. It was passed on a 4-3 vote by the Aldermen at their meeting last week, but will have to be approved again since it failed to get a two thirds majority on first reading. A member - of the Board of Aldermen, Mrs. Adelaide Wal ters, raised the question as to the amendment's constitution KITTY MEOWS TONIGHT Katherine Carmichael, Dean of Women at UNC, will speak to night at 8 at Wilmington College as part of Fine Arts Week. Her topic is "Some Culture and Background of Southeast Asia." Dean Carmichael will speak on the invitation of Lloyd E. Oxen dine, chairman of the Fine Arts Committee which sponsors sem inars, recitals and lectures . for Wilmington College and for the community. Need A Job? The following companies will recruit on campus next week: Monday, February 24 U. S. Public Health Service; Associates Investment Company; Great American.- Insurance Company: Vick : Chemical Co. Division of Richardson-Merrill (summer also). Tuesday, February 25 Vick Chemical Co. Division of Richardson-Merrill; U. S. General Accounting Office; The Upjohn Company; The Pure Oil Co.; Furman Universitf (college teach ing); The Federal Systems Divi sion, IBM Corporation. Wednesday, February 26 The Federal. Systems Division, IBM Corp.; IBM Corporation; Mutual Insurance Company of New York; New York Life Insurance Co.; Detroit Civil Service Commis sion. Thursday, February 27 North Carolina Press Association (sum mer also); The Atlantic Refin ing Company; The Prudential In surance Company of America; Carnation Company; Lockheed Georgia Company; Pilot Life In surance : Company (summer); REA Express; G. C. Murphy Company; Cone Mills Corpora tion. take a burden off the University itself. "There is another problem, too," he said. "Figures show that 81 per cent of our students never go to college, and only 6 per cent graduate from college." "If our high schools don't serve the needs ' of this large group, then our school system is not flexible enough. We need to prepare those who don't go to college for a vocation." Preyer said f that our school drop-out rale is - currently de creasing but that the supply of unskilled jobs is also dropping. "We need to add another di mension to education in the form of vocational training," Preyer 5 said. "At the same time, though, we must not neglect to teach our boys and -girls about the nature of man and the universe and pro vide them with the governing principles which they will need." Judge Preyer also advocated increased .intra-state cooperation to prevent, the flow of food dol lars from North.' Carolina. "There is an annual deficit of one billion dollars between the amount North Carolinians spend for food and the amount earned by our farmers," he noted. "Many of our stores which sell produce from other states sit in the "midst of unusued fields." Preyer spent approximately 2 hours chatting with voters, in cluding long-time Orange County legislator John Umstead. Um stead made one of his rare ap pearances on behalf of a can mi 1964 United ality. The amendment also has been protested by a group of citizens who have retained attor ney Barry Winston. Shortly after its initial pas sage, the amendment was test ed by a dozen pickets at Town Hall. The test was impossible to develop, however, after Town officials discovered that the amendment was not yet law. In the interim, the Attorney General's office and the In stitute of Government were ask ed for legal opinions. The Insti tute of Government has not yet presented its report. "I could see nothing wrong with it," Mr. Moody said yes terday. "It is a neutral ordin ance for all people and not aimed at any one person, race or color. "In my opinion, it does not deprive the people of their rights in the First and Four teenth Amendments." Mr. Moody said his opinion 'All Groups Needed In CPU' Spearman m I A group of politically interest ed students has banded together in an attempt to restore the Carolina Political Union. Bob Spearman, vice-president of the student body, is leading the movement. "I am very encouraged at the turnout at our first meeting," he said. "I. hope that we can get a fair representation of all political groups within the Union in order that discussion will be valuable to all." A reorganization meeting was held Tuesday in Graham Mem orial and a pilot committee, to study by-laws of the Union was set up. It was agreed that the Union would not vote or take any official stand on the subjects they discussed. The by-laws committee will present a constitution to the group at the next meeting. Joel Fleishman, legal adviser to Governor Sanford and former chairman of the CPU, addressed the group. He discussed the rea-' sons for the decline of the orig inal CPU, citing the McCarthy era as the main cause. The Union, founded in 1936 by political science students of Dr. E. J. Woodhouse, was discontinu ed in 1954. It consisted of a limited mem bership, which met weekly to discuss major political and so cial questions and hear distin guished speakers. - Franklin D. Roosevelt, Earl Browder and the Grand Dragon At New HoBe mi The politician's hand gets sore manage a smile. , Here Richardson Camp New Hope yesterday morning. a Press International Service ruled on the whole ordinance, and not just last week's amend ment. The original picketing ordin ance, passed in 1960, is regula tory, limiting the number of pickets to a block, the distance between pickets, and restrict ing size of signs. In addition to the requests fcr legal opinions, the Town asked the Human Relations Committee to consider the amendment. Earlier this week, (Mrs. George Taylor, chairman of the Human Relations Committee, and rep resentatives of a group opposing the amendment, discussed a possible compromise. Mrs. Taylor said she thought the opponents would "voluntari ly agree" to an amendment with a deadline later than 7 p.m. Mrs. Taylor was quoted by a daily newspaper as saying the constitutionality of the amend ment was "not terribly pertin- (Continued on Paee Three) II i.'i of the Ku Klux Klan were a few of the speakers secured by the Union. "I urge all persons interest ed in this to contact me,' Spearman said. "We are inter ested in having persons of all political views in this organiza tion." Those attending the meeting included Gerry Hancock, Chuck Neely, Mike Chanin, Phil Bad dour, Brick Ottinger, Neal Jack son, Don Curtis, Fred Seely, John Ulfelder, Don Carson, Lane Brown, Nick Nicholson, Warren Ogden, Harold Berry and Bob Spearman.- '-- Quarterly Needs Poetry Editor The Carolina Quarterly is in need of a poetry editor to handle verse for its Spring and sum mer issues. According to Edit or Louis Bourne, the job is "pro bably the most difficult on the magazine, due to the diversity of ' styles in modern poetry and the necessity for being conversant with a number of contemporary poets. "There is a $25 salary for each issue, but all interested parties better have butterfly souls to start with since the task is great er than the financial reward. We will probably appoint two peotry editors to offset each other's sub jective cravings." Applicants . are requested to drop by the Quarter ly office 3-5 p.m. Wednesday or call the editor nightly at 942-3382. "V. if after awhile, but he can still Preyer greets a supporter at (Photo by. Jim' Wallace). ; i
Feb. 20, 1964, edition 1
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