Volume 72, Number 153
Saturday, May 2, 1964
. 71 Years of Editorial Freedom
Entered as 2nd class matter J t&e PwS
Office ta Chapel Hill, N. C. parsoant to
Act of JMarch 8, 1870.
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$8 per year.
Pofcllsbed daSy except Mondays, examinations periods and vacations, throughout the
demSe year toy the PnbHcatfoas J?eard of the University of North Carolina. Printed by the
Chapel fnt Publishing Company. Inc.. 501 West Franklin Street. Chapel Hill, N. C.
Who's On Second? Who Knows?
Lost in the hulabaloo surrounding the
gubernatorial race is one which is every
bit as interesting the campaign for
Lieutenant Governor.
Three candidates are battling it out,
and doing a pretty fair job considering
that they don't get any space in the
newspaper.
For the state papers have become
enamored with the actions of L. Rich
ardson Preyer, Dan K. Moore and I.
Beverly Lake that they have failed to
tell us much about those who seek the
state's second highest post.
The three are Clifton Blue, an Aber
deen newspaper publisher who was
Speaker of the House in the 1963 Gen
eral Assembly; Robert Scott, former
Master of the North Carolina Grange
and son of ex-governor W. Kerr Scott;
and John Jordan, one of Raleigh's rep
resentatives to the General Assembly
for many years and a prominent state
lawyer.
All have good qualifications for the
job, though in the case of Scott it is
more his drive and determination than
his experience he is only 34.
We have known Blue for several
years, and he produces an excellent
newspaper (The Sandhills "Citizen")
as well as a weekly newspaper column,
which is distributed statewide. He did a
capable job in the General Assembly,
and he is currently leading all the polls.
We have also known Jordan for sev
eral years. Last year he introduced a
bill in the General Assembly which had
a rider calling for civil court trials of all
students who had violated the honor
code at a state school.
We prodded him a bit at the time,
and it was taken out. We think that he
did not realize the full implication of
this rider, and he acted in good faith
when he learned exactly what it would
do to the student double jeopardy and
all that.
As we have said, the three are quali
fied. Now the trick is to find out, des
pite the efforts of the state press, ex
actly what the three stand for. .We know
that Scott is against the Gag Law,
which is nice but it's not really
enough to go on.
Blue did an excellent job in a tough
post, but that's not enough. And Jordan,
we are sure, is more than competent.
Perhaps the state press will calm
down enough to tell us about these
three. For all we know, they may be dis
cussing issues, which is certainly more
than Preyer, Moore and Lake are doing.
But there's always the chance that
if we ever do find out something about
the candidates for the state's second
post, it will be that they only stand for
more roads, more pay and less communists.
The Lone Ranger Rides North
The Cheraw Chronicle
Gov. Wallace has chosen his primary
targets with skill.
First, there was Wisconsin, home of
the late Senator Joe McCarthy, whose
liberal image has been blurred in recent
years.
Second, there is Indiana, northern
most outpost of the Ku Klux Klan dur
ing that organization's heyday of the
1920's. Indiana was a border state dur
ing the Civil War and many parts still
have a southern accent.
Third, there is Maryland, another
border state which has been the scene
of bitter racial strife in recent months.
Cambridge and parts of the Eastern
Shore may even give the Alabama gov
ernor a majority of the votes.
There are several factors weighing
in Wallace's favor. First, there is the
large "copperhead" vote which has al
ways existed in the North. Second, there
is the band wagon psychology. Third,
there is the inept quality of opposition
to his candidacy.
To the extent that Wallace's cam
paign unmasks the hypocrisy on civil
rights up North, it may be a healthy
thing. It takes the issue out of its
Southern regional setting and places it
squarely in the national arena where it
belongs.
The Democrats needn't grow too de
pressed over the Wisconsin showing.
That state went against Kennedy in
1960 by a wide margin. So did Indiana.
While Wallace's 240,000 votes looks
impressive, the fact remains that 75
percent of the people voted against him.
When a liberal politician runs for
national office, he has always gotten a
better percentage vote than that in Ala
bama. If the governor of Wisconsin had
run on a civil rights platform in Ala
bama, he probably would, given the
colored vote, won at least 25 percent. So
one can read in election results almost
whatever he wants to see. Since Gold
water apparently has lost his lead in the
race for the GOP nomination, and since
the convention apparently will settle
either for Ambassador Lodge or Rich
ard Nixon, and since both of these men
stand just as four-square for civil rights
as does Lyndon Johnson, there really
isn't much place for the Southern ex
tremist and his copperhead counterpart
in the North to go.
The Referendum Bills And The People Behind Them
(Continued from Page 1)
fering on the basis of its wording.
So they did just that at Thurs
day night's session.
There was just one complica
tion left to develop. Arthur Hays,
one of the authors of Wilson's
bill, decided after talking with
a number of students that the
wording on the bill was unclear,
So he changed it, so much that
it hardly seems to be the same
bill at afl.
Now, then, after three rounds
the situation is this two bills
are currently in the committee
process, and will be discussed
in hearings next week. Out of
all the complications, someone
must extract a bill which is
worded in fair and clear terms,
yet win be passed in the legisla
ture by those who just might be
interested in slanting the ques
tion in one direction or another.
And still hanging over the whole
thing is the question of partisan
ship, There seems to have been ab
solutely so excuse for our ever
arriving at this snafu in the first
place. The referendum issue is
a vital one, for most of the stu
dents are clamoring for an op
portunity to be heard on the-civil
rights question. But the efforts
of many of our less astute legis
lators have so clouded the ques
tion that it has really gotten out
of the realm of a simple referen
dum. The parties seem to feel
that their entire futures rest on
this lone issue.
Hays Rewording
For instance, the rewording of
Wilson's bill by Hays is more
r
than it seems. He has taken a
carefully (and poorly) worded
set of questions and revamped
them so that they will meet the
approval of most students. Has
Mr. Hays compromised himself?
Probably not but for some rea
son he seems to be doing every
thing in his power that his con
science will allow to prevent the
bipartisan bill from being pass
ed. Knowing Mr. Hays, I am cer
tain that his primary aim is to
send the best possible referendum
to the students, but that aim
seems to be qualified by the re
striction that the bill must carry
his own, and his party's, label.
Such a restriction seems to be
supported by one significant fact:
even though he knew that his
original bill was a poor one and
that a number of legislators
wanted to introduce a bipartisan
bill, he declined to work with
them to obtain a good bill, and
revamped his own instead.
Hays, of course, has an an
swer. He steadfastly clings to
the statement that he cannot sup
port any bipartisan bills, of any
kind, for any purpose unless the
entire legislature is threatened
by an outside force. He says
that bipartisanship should come
in the voting process in the ac
ceptance by individual legislators
of the best proposals, whatever
their source.
As far as these thoughts go, I
must agree to a certain extent
with Mr. Hays and his logic.
However, there are occasions
when they become almost com
pletely unrealistic and this is
one of them. This referendum
issue has gone too far, too fast.
The student bodyw is rapidly los
ing, faith in the ability of the
Legislature to do anything con
structive about a referendum,
and the time has come for action
preferably through bipartisan
action.
It really doesn't matter, say
the students, who introduces the
bill, so long as one is passed.
The questions are probably go
ing to be amended to read as
the majority of legislators want
them to read anyway, and any
attempts to hold up a good bill
for personal reasons will con
sist of placing personal opinions
above the good of the students.
I sincerely doubt that a matter
so complicated and so contro
versial could be successfully ex
ploited by either party certainly
it should not be. And now that
each party has fallen over its
own feet while attempting to
kick the ball away from the
other, we would humbly suggest
that the Legislature try the game
as it should be played as a team
sport. Otherwise, there seems
to be no way to salvage either
a good referendum or the pres
tige of the body.
Finally, one other aspect of
the situation should be mention
ed. The talk among certain
legislators is now to put the
referendum off until next fall,
if indeed it is ever held at all.
In my opinion, any question post
poned that long, and entrusted
to the large number of new stu
dents who will arrive here next
fall uninformed and unconcerned,
is better off forgotten.
European Travel Easy And C,4P;
By PETER RANGE
D1H Survival Editor
I am continually astounded by
the notions most American stu
dents have about the cost of
travel in Europe. Doubtlessly
misled by travel agencies and
that gargantua of a world bank,
American Express, everyone
seems to think they cannot con
sider a journey to Europe on
less than $1500 as. a base.
As a rather radical point of
departure, let me say I'm plan
ning to return to Europe this
summer on $250. This does not
include the transatlantic pas
sage. First of all, transportation;
one can travel round-trip to
Europe for $300. Either you fly
with the Graham Memorial
planes ($325) or you book round
trip passage as a first-class
passenger on a freighter aver
age cost: $150 one-way. Accom
modations and food are excel
lent, the trip is quiet, and it
takes about ten days. (The place
to write is W. J. Browning Co.,
Royster Building, Norfolk).
So now you know that any
talk of $400 or $500 for the
transportation is based on ignor
ance or excess love of luxury.
While in Europe, you can
travel and live like most Euro
pean students for 60 to 80 days
on $250. And with that you'd
have twice as much as most of
them. But I'm allowing for mis
takes, one or two gifts and Am
erican difficulty in reducing
your living standards.
To live on this amount you
need to plan for yourself a
bread-wine-and-cheese - summer.
And, to my way of thinking,
this is half the reason for a
trip to Europe in the first place.
If you want a hotel-and-restau-rant
experience, you can get
that in these United States.
Bread-wine-and-cheese means
you make your own food all the
time or eat the stew served in
the youth hostels. I always car
ry some bread, cheese, sand
wich meat, fruit, butter and a
bottle of wine (or milk) when
traveling and survive rather well
on it. Occasionally one must
take a good meal in a restaurant
to retain ties with a balanced
diet.
For your accommodation you
should plan to stay in the youth
hostels all over Europe. This
costs $.25 to $.40 per night and
affords you countless contacts
with other students of every na
tionality who are engaged in the
European student's favorite sum
mer pastime travel.
In the hostels you get a double
decker in a huge room with
everyone else (boys and girls in
separate rooms, ef course), use
of the big, communal bath rooms
(usually no hot water), and the
option of supper and breakfast
(European) for another $.25. You
must have your annual youth
hostel membership card ($5) and
you'll need a traveler's dearest
friend, the International Youth
Hostel Handbook ($1), to find all
the countless hostels.
For transportation, hitchhiking
or cycling are least expensive
and as common in Europe as
combread in the South. This ap
plies, as does everything in this
article, equally to girls as well
as boys. Girls usually hitchhike
with another girl or a boy and,
in fact, get rides much faster
than a single boy does.
If one has some capital, motor
scooters and motorcycles are ex
cellent, slightly dangerous and
much fun. I had three during
my first sojourn in Europe. A
decent, used scooter would run
about $150 to $200 and could be
resold for almost the same price.
New ones are around $300.
Finally, if you are a real cap
italist and can buy a car, fine.
There are numerous systems for
YOU LOAD SIXTEEN TOU5. WHAT DO VOL! GET?
ANOTHER DAY OLDER AW DEEPER IU DEBT,.."
U dall Rouses
NS A Group
1
By STU EIZENSTAT
Rep. Morris Udall (D-Ariz.),
brother of the Secretary of the
Interior and a possible candidate
for Barry Goldwater's senatorial
seat in 1964, gave a stirring
speech on America in the 20th
century to the Carolinas-Virginia
NSA Convention, April 17-18.
America, he said, is a part of
a rapidly changing world whose
watchwords are revolution and
nationalism. The . 20th century is
witnessing a revolution in sci
ence; in population, with the
world's population increasing by
40 million a year; in politics, with
73 new nations in the United Na
tions since its inception; and in
economy, with two ,of the three
billion people in the world living
in poverty, their average in
comes around $100 a year. Al
though the Communists are ex
ploiting these revolutions, these
sweeping changes and the prob
lems they create would exist
with or without Communism.
Nationalism is the second key
to an understanding of the forces
shaping the world. The. "revolu
tion of rising expectations" in
the underdeveloped countries has
brought along with it an increas
ed sense of nationhood. Further
more, with the decreased fear of
a nuclear war, small nations are
finding they have a greater free
dom of movement in internation
al affairs and thus refuse to obey
the mandates of the superpowers
or of their former colonial mas
ters. Domestically, Udall felt two is
sues were of overriding import
ance to the United States. The
first of these is the assurance
that all citizens be given the
civil rights to which they are
entitled, so that there would be
no second class human beings in
our affluent society.
The second great problem is
the increasingly complex prob
lem of automation, jobs and pov
erty. He said that in one year
one million jobs would be elim
inated by automation with the
one and a half million more who
will be seeking work next year,
the economy must thus provide
two and a half million jobs just
to stay even.
Udall then castigated the myths
which existed in 20th century
America. The first was the myth
that the United States was going
down the road to socialism. He
stated that there was no majcr
nation in the world with less so
cialism, i.e., government control
of production and distribution,
than the United States.
The next myth he attacked was
the view that the Federal Gov
ernment was debt-ridden and
over-powerful. Although there
has been an increase of 30 mil
lion people in the United States
since 1952, all needing govern
ment services, there are actually
fewer Federal employees today
than in 1952. The debt per capita
in 1946 was $2100 while today it
has declined to $1600. The Fed
eral Government is thus not an
overly debt-ridden, monolithic,
bureacratic monster.
Congressman Udall was most
disturbed over the lack of know
ledge of democracy which exists.
Some 57 of those interview in a
high school survey felt the aver
age citizen should remain aloof
from "dirty politics," yet demo
cracy needs the best minds in
the nation in politics. He was al
so, concerned over the suspicion
and fear which existed . among
those who called such men as
Earl Warren or Dwight Eisen
hower Communists. He force
fully concluded with a quote
from Plato: "Th.e punishment of
wise men who refuse to govern
is to be governed by unwise
men."
Wallace Has Good
Chance In Mary land
By SAMUEL LUBE IX
Resentments stirred by the civ
il rights battle are building up
a heavy vote for Alabama's Gov
ernor George Wallace in Mary
land's presidential primary.
My interviews through much
of the state show Governor Wal
lace is drawing more than a
third of the registered Democrat
ic voters, with another 15 to 20
per cent still torn in conflict
about which way to go. This
would mean that, as of now, a
full majority against the segre
gated governor is not assured.
In Wisconsin the significance
of the Wallace vote was obscur
ed by a sizable cross-over of Re
publicans into the Democratic
primary. But in Maryland there
is little question of what is at
stake. The May 19 primary has
been transformed into a virtual
referendum on how Democratic
voters feel about the Negro and
the civil rights struggle.
None of the Wallace support
ers with whom I talked looks on
him as a serious contender for
the presidency. Many declare
flatly, "I'd never want a man
like that for President," but go
on to say, "This is a chance to
protest against Negroes pushing
too far" or, "Maybe a vote for
Wallace will cool those Negroes
down."
Continued Negro demonstra
tions, it seems clear, are likely
to alienate the more moderate
minded white voters and streng
then Governor Wallace's showing.
In every community I visited
some voters echoed the comment
of a 58-year-old seaman who
said, "Right now I'd go against
Wallace. But if the Negroes keep
making trouble, I'll give him my
vote. This has to stop."
Perhaps no state in the Union
could provide a more sensitive
testing ground for popular feel
ing on integration. A microcosm
of the national electorate, Mary
land has its "big city vote" in
Baltimore; growing suburbs out
side of Baltimore and Washing
ton, D. C, and a group of "little
Dixie" counties on the Eastern
Shore of the Chesapeake Bay,
which are Southern in tradition
and racial customs.
The reaction along the Eastern
Shore suggests that President
Johnson is in for much more
political trouble in the South
than is generally assumed. Two
of every three persons interview
ed in Salisbury, Cambridge and
Easton were going for Governor
Wallace. Of these Wallace sup
porters one in five threatened to
bolt the Democratic party in
November "if Johnson keeps
pushing the Niggers on us."
Many Eastern Shore voters
profanely reject the thought of
any integration. Others have been
upset by the rioting and demon
strations that have rocked the
Eastern Shore since last sum
mer. In Cambridge, where mar
tial law had to be declared, a
retired farmer pointed across the
street and said, "That store had
its window smashed when the
colored people rioted. We have
to stand fast against them."
One Cambridge merchant,
though, shook his head ruefully.
"They've invited both Wallace
and Malcolm X to come in here
and talk," he said. "We're just
tearing this community apart."
In contrast, opposition to Gov
ernor Wallace is quite strong in
the suburbs, with their concen
trations of better-educated, white
collar employes. Typical com
ments run, "Wallace is a nut"
or, "I'd never vote for a man
who defies the law" or, "Integra
tion is coming. The sooner to
accept it the better."
It is in Baltimore, with more
than a third of the state's total
Democratic registration, that
pro and anti-Wallace feelings
seem most evenly matched.
Among Negroes, who make up
35 per cent of the city's popula
tion, an intensive drive to regis
ter new voters is under way.
In white-collar neighborhoods
Wallace is pulling roughly one in
five Democratic voters; in work
er neighborhoods his support
mounts to two and three out of
every five voters.
A steelworker was so divided
in his emotions that he changed
his position even while we talk
ed. He began the interview by
saying, "I don't want a Negro
as my neighbor. I'd give Wal
lace my vote to stop that."
But as he talked he added, "I
wouldn't want to hurt President
Johnson. Negroes have a tough
time of it. Whenever we have
real dirty work at the mill we
yell for them.
"We ought, to ease up on
them," he concluded. "But we're
not ready to go as far as we'll
have to."
Weekend Dates
Should Go Dutch
Editors, The Daily Tar Heel:
I asked a student Wednesday
night when he got up to leave
the table, why he wasn't eating.
He said he had no money, that
the Jubilee weekend cost him
$25 to take a blind date out to
five meals. I said it was ridicu
lous to invite a blind date for
the whole weekend and to as
sume the expense of her meals.
One evening, either Friday or
Saturday, is all that he should
have obligated himself for. If
she wanted to stay on longer it
should have been at her own ex
pense and on her own.
Boys don't have any more
money to spend at college than
girls have, and there should be
a general understanding that
when they go out together to
eat, the meals are "Dutch."
Girls are just as eager to get
together for social affairs as the
boys are. They could get to
gether more often if the girls
paid their own way, and. this
would work to the advantage of
both sexes.
This student said that his date
was all right, but he got bored
M
. Heelprints
2
With turtleneck T-shirts back
in style this year, Arboretum ac
tivity might better be termed
turtlenecking.
"This is WKIX, AM and FM
in Raleigh, bothering over two
million people."
Foreign Minister Babu of Zan
zibar announced the merging of
his country and Tanganyika re
cently. What will the Baby
Beatle do when Babu and Pre
mier Nyere get get together?
The sun rises in the west and
sets in the east Joe EisselL
x c ovo . . . . - . . , L
the end of the summer.
Most uninteresting of oil, ;
my opinion, is travel by p ,'-.:.
transportation mainly, of co-ir..
the train. mis memoci woukj
so change my $250 estimate f ,r
summer in Europe. The EurTa
pass runs more than $100 r,A
I understand.
We American students ter.l t
be so very unresourceful in :.
matter of travel when compare
to our European counterpart,
A German friend of mine ha
traveled 5UUU1CU1 tiunpc
month on $25. I personally hitch
ilUVCU OUUJL rkiiui . , iff
around Europe before invent
: . . ftfc-t cfnnicr Wo nrn
used to high standards mc;.--!;
and luxuries the European ?tj
dent would never dream of.
If you can get up the gumpt;::
t-- nu ' irnii iiii- s i i i )'r r rr !
in Europe as I have descnU j i
nere, you n iuu n uue ui u;e mo
exciting experiences of your 1 ;
T MnnfVirul Mill . ,
l0 Oilier iiieuiuu uuc.a uj m
manv human contacts as this.
No other method gives yoj a
really live and think.
I was invited home countless
times for dinner by families who
picked me up hitchhiking. I ma !o
friendships with students in youth
hostels which last still today. Ar.j
it puts you out of your own in a
unique way a healthy experi
ence for each of us to have be
fore settling down in our bour
geois affluency, begetting a fam
ily and resigning ourselves to
such respectable things as motels
and summer cottages.
Some important addresses:
For youth hostel membership
and handbook: American Youth
Hostels, Inc., 14 West 8th Strept.
New York 11, N. Y.
For an international student
identification card (this is essen
tial): USNSA, 20 West 3;:th
Street, New York 18, N. Y.
For further information: Coun
cil on Student Travel, 179 Broad
way, New York 7, N. Y.
I will be happy to talk with in
terested persons further (942-
'1
tt
Letters
The Daily Tar neel In
vites comments m current
topics from its readers re
gardless of viewpoint. All
letters to the editors should
be typewritten, double
spaced and of reasonable
length. All letters mast be
signed, with the address of
the author. No letter con
sidered libelous or in poor
taste will be printed.
f LETTERS I
ixJ:.
'4Lm
to death spending the whole
weekend with her. So what
should have been a gala week
end for him, and no doubt for
many other boys, left a bitter
taste in his mouth.
It would seem to me that the
next goal for the counselors and
student body is to work out a
plan that would relieve the male
of carrying the whole burden of
social occasions that he is not
able to pay for.
Great strides have been made
in promoting the general social
life at the University. Let's start
to work on the problem of get
ting more girls for these func
tions, and a sensible "pay your
own way" set up for the girls.
Otelia Connor
Conscientious
Objection Noted
Editor, The Daily Tar Heels:
We would like to bring atten
tion to the ridiculous ad which
appeared on page 3 of the April
22nd edition. The Chapel Hill
Freedom Committee's plea for
money to pay the fines of the
civil rights demonstrators is an
insult to the intelligence of the
students of this university. These
demonstrators, convicted of crim
inal violation against the laws
of our fair state, have the nerve
and audacity -to ask for our aid
in paying their debt to society.
Did not these "dedicated" cru
saders realize the stupidity of
their actions? Their deliberate
and malicious violation of the
law has already brought incon
venience and animosity to this
community and the nation. Now
it is their turn to suffer. Fully
aware of the criminal nature of
their actions, they foolishly pro
ceeded to break the law. We did
not take part in their crime and
we should not bear the burden
of their punishment. An editorial
in the April 22nd issue issues a
plea for assistance in retrieving
the "honor" of these convicted
students. What honor? An hon
orable man pays his own debts.
Scott Edwards
George Eeid
Bill Flynt
413 Ehrisg&aaj