Volume 72, Number 155
Tuesday, May 5, 1964
'Are You Prepared For Chapel Hill Weather?
Book Review'
9 1
Pete Wales
LBJ Image
Is Emerging
71 Years of Editorial Freedom
I I
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THE DAILY TAB HEEL Is a subscriber to United Press International and utilizes the
services of the University News Bare an.
The Fine Arts Festival Is On The Way
The - success of the Carolina Sym
posium brought many comments, not
the least of which was, "Why don't they
do this every year, instead of every
other?"
Student Government went to work,
and Shazam, we are to have a Fine Arts
Festival next year. The idea had been
kicked around ever since Bob Spearman
entered legislature it was one of his
pet ideas and work on it started then.
But the Symposium's success provided
the impetus to really get it into action,
and next year it will be a reality.
The festival is a joint project of Stu
dent Government and the Department
of Journalism, RTVMP, English, Dra
matic Arts, Music and Art. The propos
ed format is to have a performance dur
ing the evening and the following after- -noon
have a panel discussion with the
author, composer or director and a critic
or other authority in the field.
For example, a quality film, such as
"America, America", would be shown at
night and the following afternoon Elia
Kazan, the author and director, would .
be on a panel with, say Bosley Crow
ther, critic-at-large for the New York
Times.
Of course, Kazan is but an example, -for
"he once took the Fifth Amendment
before the House Subcommittee on
Un-American Activities, and you know
what that means.
The Festival would be held Sunday
through Thursday during the first full
week in April, roughly a comparable
time With the Symposium.
Spearman's appointments to head the
Student Government part of the pro
gram Henry Aid ridge and James
Meredith are excellent. They have had
exnerience with the- SvmDOsium, and
are highly qualified as judges of talent
the students would like to hear.
Their idea of having a jazz concert
the final night reflects this.
The Festival, as it now is planned,
will have about 15 prominent partici
pants such names as Crowther, Arch
ibald MacLeish and Roger Sessioms are
being considered.
It's going to cost a lot of money, per
haps as much as the Symposium. But it
will be worth it, and we hope the de
partments will throw their full support
behind the idea. If the Festival is a
success in its first year, then it has a
far better chance of being successful in
ensuing years.
It is projects such as this which make
Carolina great, and this is a project
worthy of Carolina. We hope it becomes
a reality.
Run Hard T o Stand Still'
The Charlotte Observer
It is often said that North Carolina
and other Southern states must "run
hard to stand still" in comparison with
other states in such vital concerns as
wealth and education.
The latest statistic to come out of the
Census Bureau underscores this solemn
fact.
Personal income for all North Caro
linians went up by $435 million in 1963,
raising the state's per capita income
figure from $1,742 to $1,813. That was
a considerable gain of 5 per cent for the
statebut the average gain for the na
tion as a whole was also 5 per cent.
Hence North Carolina stood still dur
ing 1963 with relation to her sister
states, ranking eighth from the bottom
again. Viewed from another direction,
Mr. Average Tar Heel is' about nine
years behind Mr. Average American in
personal income; in 1955 the per capita
figure for the United States was a mite
higher ($53) than the North Carolina
figure for 1963.
Simply put, this means that most
Americans live better at least in the
things that money can buy than most
North Carolinians do.
The last two state administrations
have kept the state "running hard," try
ing to improve the lot of our citizens.
Gov. Hodges launched a drive to bring
new jobs into the state. Gov. Sanford
has continued that drive, and has en
couraged the creation of more wealth by
upgrading all levels of education and ini
tiating a program to turn poverty
stricken people into effective, wage
earning citizens.
"Running hard," we have inched
ahead in some fields, held our own in
others. The promise is always there
that continuous effort and progressive
leaders will eventually thrust us into
what Sanford' calls "the mainstream of
America," so that North Carolinians
will be as well off as any other Ameri
cans. Yet even if we only inch ahead or
merely hold our own, it is infinitely bet
ter than backsliding. North Carolinians
should bear that in mind when they are
deciding who will get their vote for governor.
Windy But Serene
Fred Seely, Hugh Stevens
Co-Editors
Managing Editor John Montagu
522 r ra8:e Editor Pee Wales
rS Dennis Sanders
SSE?5 Nancy McCraeken
SSlf d-lt0r Larry Tarleton
wfcFPP-r---- Jim Wallace
lii-l11 Chip Barnard
Reviews ----------- Henry Mclnnis
BUSINESS STAFF
Business Manager . Art Pearce
If J McConnell
lffr ?Ianag:r Woody Sobol
Asst. Bus. Manager Sally Rawlings
Sales . Bob Vanderberry
Frank Potter
Dick Baddour
Special Assistant Becky Diggers
Those hurricane headlines in the daily
papers this weekend weren't kidding.
Man, what a wind!
We ventured to the beach for the
weekend to get some material for
term papers (don't laugh, it's true) as
well as relax, and immediately found
ourselves thrust into a howling gale.
Gusts approached 75 miles per hour, and
the sea looked as though Neptune had
found his eggbeater.
A pier near our motel took a fearful
beating it swayed and twisted, but
somehow it, and the idiots who were
fishing on it, withstood the blow.
Needless to say, there was no sun all
weekend. But there also were no tele
phone calls, ho meetings, no deadlines
or no irate people screaming at us. It
was great, and we heartly recommend
it.
Even during hurricanes.
Hidden Pdor
Are Revealed
, ' 4
By PETER RANGE
. "The Other American: Pov
erty In the United States" by
Michael Harrington; Penquin
Special Edition, 1963; 186 pp.;
$.95).
"To be sure, the other Amer
ica is not impoverished in the
same sense as those poor na
tions where millions cling to
hunger as a defense against
starvation. This country has
escaped such extremes. That
does not change the fact that
tens of millions of Americans
are, at this very moment, maim
ed in body and spirit, existing at
levels beneath those necessary
for human decency."
Michael Harrington is an an
gry young man (36), to fee sure.
Yet the substance of his re
search on the scaie of American
poverty discloses irrefutable
evidence that there are indeed
"two nations" within the borders
of the world's richest country.
The one nation is that which all
of us know, the world of com
fort, middle-class values and
various forms of super-affluence.
The other nation is comprised
of thirty to fifty million Ameri
cans (Harrington very adequate
ly acknowledges other views as
to the size of impoverished
America) who not only live far
below the standards of the rest
of us but below standards ac
ceptable anywhere in the twentieth-century
Western world.
The face of poverty has many
aspects: the- industrial poor, the
rural poor, the migrant workers,
the Bowery alcoholics, the xxr
intellectuals of the Village, the
racial minorities and worst of
all the aged poor. Yet all
these aspects are interrelated
and form a gargantuan, self-sus-staining
disease which must be
fought on many fronts.
And, tragically, welfare legis
lation (social security, minimum
wage, etc.) does least to help
those needing it most.
By-products of the whole sys
tem are greater psychological
disturbances among the poor and
the various system of replac
ing old slums with not enough
new . housing units, soon doomed
to the level of slum housing
again.
Most significant about the
other America, the huge shame
fully impoverished side , of a
wealthy nation, is (1) that it is
hidden from view and unknown,
swept under the carpet by a
blind, rich unsympathetic socie
ty, and (2) that poverty is a
way of life, an institutionalized
sub-culture with intricately re
lated aspects which augment .
one another and a system of
blocks which help keep the poor
poor and. worst of all, render
them hopeless, "maimed in
spirit."
Harrington's study is reveal
ing, shocking, moving and inti
mate. His factual reliability is
supplemented with wide first
hand experience with America's
poor. One feels personally in
volved with the human beings
bound by the culture of poverty.
While one might have wished for
more comparisons with the same
problems and their solution in
other Western countries, Har
rington's assertion that our
Federal government is the only
agent large enough to cope with
the problem is valid and his
specific suggestions make a vi
able basis for attacking "the
other America."
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Letters To The Editors
w
ellman Returns Bombs
Editors, The Daily Tar Heel:
Louis Schmier, in his strenuous
justification - of. mass area
bombing,, starts by assuming
that I have not "seen fit to in
dulge in1 some preliminary his
torical research." The comment
is particularly ill-timed, for his
letter discloses that he has read
none of the recent studies of the
joint Anglo-American air attack
that wiped out Dresden when
World War II was almost over.
den was not a tactical raid, but
an area bombing mission in
which we deliberately created
a firestorm that killed at least
120,00Q civilians in a night and a
day. The Dresden railroads were
in full operation three days
after the last bomb.
Schmier counsels me to "read
some very interesting docu
ments in the British Air Minis
try." I call his attention to a
memorandum which Winston
if T?o h read IrvinS's book, or, Churchill addressed to his chiefs
R.H.S. CrOssman's recent article
in Esquire, he would not proceed
to say: "Dresden '.and hemnitz
were military and civilian com
munication, centers, for the direc
ton of the German war effort
in the east." If hs really clings
to this argument, he should be
able to explain why Dresden was
never once bombed until Feb
ruary of 1945 when it was jam
packed with - eastern fugitives.
Prior to this;: the . R.A.F. had
left it completely alone, sim
ply . because there, was no ade
quate pretext for destroying a
city which had no war indus
tries. At the time of this massacre,
which would have disgraced At
tila, the R.A.F. spokesman
claimed that the city had sudden
ly been converted into a center
of troop movements. Our Amer
ican press encouraged rumors
that the Russians had requested
the attack. The first story is
demolished by General J. F. C.
Fuller in at least one of his
books; the second is exploded by
Crossman. This attack on Dres-
oi statf on March 28, 1945: "It
seems to me that the moment
has come when the question of
bombing of German cities sim
ply for the sake of increasing the
terror, though under other pre
texts, should be reviewed. ... I
feel the need for more precise
concentration upon military ob
jectives . . . rather than on mere
acts of terror and wanton des
truction." The chiefs of the Air
Staff objected to this minute so
vigorously that the Pjime Minis
ter rewrote it, but the original
survived and is published in
David Irving's book. Churchill,
who apparently did not expect
the shock waves that swept
through the civilized world after
the bombing, seems to have
written this in the hope of escap
ing responsibility. But he played
a large part in planning the at
tack, and if he regretted it so
shortly afterwards, no comment
seems necessary.
I am frankly amazed by one of
Schmier's key paragraphs: "It
is very difficult to distinguish
soldiers from civilians, or to hit
a tank or any other military
vehicle without doing damage
to the people surrounding it, be
they soldiers or civilians. It is
true that the allied fighter pilots
were very skilled in their pro
fession, ' but it is too much to
ask of them the skill of a snip
er." On the face of it, that is
Schmier's defense of a bombing
mission the very purpose of
wrhich was to kill the maximum
number of civilians. That is his
justification for the special as
signment given to our Mustang
fighters, which machine-gunned
thousands of survivors in the
Elbe meadows. In this case they
displayed, if not the skill of a
sniper, at least the skill of
fighter pilots who knew how to
dive over refugee columns and
shoot them up. If Schmier's type
of thinking is still widespread,
David Irving's book was even
more of a necessity than I had
imagined.
Wade Wellman
It t
I Letters
ff The Daily Tar Heel In- I
vites comments on current
1 topics from its readers re- l
If gardless of viewpoint. All f
If letters to the editors should
be typewritten, double
spaced and of reasonable I
t an t jj .
m lentia. aw tellers must be m
f signed, with the address of
the author. No letter con- if
sidered libelous or in poor f
p taste will be printed.
m
i
m
m
Fidel, Lyndon And Hubert
'Bear Abby? Opens International Mail
I am a nine-year-old boy and
I live in a very nice yard that
I always play in. I fixed this
yard up all by myself. My
mother says that only certain
children can play with me in my
yard which I think is OK.
Howeer, some bad boys who
live up the street keep coming
over and teasing me. Every time
that I want to play with the new
toys that my Uncle Nick sent me
these boys keep teasing me. In
fact, these boys even told all the
other kids in the neighborhood
not to play with me and not to
talk with me. They said that I
was selfish and mean and threw
rocks into their yards. I only
want to have fun with the toys
that my uncle sent and I don't
throw rocks and all that nasty
stuff that these bad boys said
that I do. They won't let me
join their organization either.
I think that these boys are just
jealous because my toys are just
as good as their toys. Should I
try to play in my own yard with
my own toys or should I give
them back to my uncle until I
get older? These nasty boys even
tried to take my toys away once
But I fooled them and wouldn't
let them in the gate. Please help
me.
Fidel
Dear Fidel:
If these other other children
don't stop teasing you I'd give
those toys back to your ancle
and try to make friends with the
other children in the neighbor
hood. If you throw rocks they
may gang up on you and take
your toys away from you. Other
wise, maybe your uncle would let
you go and live with him and
these other children couldn't
tease you.
Dear Abby:
I'm so mad I just bad to sit
down and write to you before I
explode. A young man that
I've been dating, a tall good look
ing Frenchman, has started
hanging around with a group
here in the office that he knows
I don't like. We weren't engag
ed or anything but we have been
keeping company for a long
time.
He still comes around once in
awhile, usually when be wants
a couple of dollars until jiay day
or something, but be never pays
any attention to me any more. .
That sales department crowd is
fast and are only out for a good
time. ,1 don't want my friend
to get hurt and I don't want him
to take me for some sort of a
sucker. Pon't you think that he
owes me something for all the
time Tve spent with him?
Should I tell him to make a
choice between that fast crowd
and me, or should I hope that
he'll come to his senses in time.
I'm not getting any younger,
Abby. Is all I can see is red!
Lynda-A.
Dear Lyndon:
If this friendship means any
thing to this friend of yours he'll
come back as soon as he sees
that this sales department gang
is only oat for a good time.
Don't make too much of it, and
I wouldn't be so free with your
pocketbook until he does decide
to start seeing you again, and
on a more intimate basis.
Dear Abby:
Our school is planning to have
a big spring dance for all the
students, but we have a problem.
The faculty said that they will
make up the guest list and some
students will not be able to come
to the dance. The teachers said
that the students who don't dance
and aren't too smart and who
have caused trouble in classes
should not be allowed into the
dance. All of us kids want the
whole student body to come.
The teachers keep changing the
guest list every day and now no
one knows if all the kids will be
invited or not or who will not be
invited. I keep telling the teach
ers, I'm the dance committee
chairman, that it is our dance
and we can invite whom we
want. They just keep saying
the same thing over again that
the roughnecks and the poorer
students shouldn't come. I think
that this is ridiculous.
The dance is only a week away
and I'm afraid that the kids who
don't get invited are really go
ing to be mad and they will
blame the committee. What
should we do? I don't think
teachers have this right!
Hubert
Dear Hubert:
You really do have a prob
lem. I would ask all of the
kids who feel the same way
that you do to make their feel
ings known to the teachers. I
would also speak to the rough
necks and tell them that they
won't get invited if they con
tinue to act up in class. If they
show the faculty that they can
behave maybe the teachers will
change their mind. Maybe some
of your friends can teach these
non-dancers a few basic steps so
that they could attend and have
a good time with everyone else.
Good luck, those teachers sound
tough.
A noticeable chreige has come
over the American press in its
attitude toward President Jam
son and with it new understand
ing. The American public is just
ocw beginning to grasp the
image that Johnson has been
buildiag for himself over the
last six months that of the
homespun, folksy second-generation
frontierscan.
The odd thing about it is that
it has taken us this long to
figure him out.
The to the matter seems to be
the fact that we are enly just
now getting over the deep-seated
shock of the Kennedy assas
sination. I, and I'm sure many others,
will never forget the first aw
ful disillusionment in our Presi
dent when I first heard him
speak in public as President
last November. His nasal, back
woods twang combined with the
lack of anything exciting in the
content of his speech, was dif
ficult to adjust to after the
noble dialectic of our former
leader.
Kennedy, like all the strong
Presidents before him, had es
tablished an indelible image on
the minds of all Americans and
of all Americans and of the
world. It was. a highly popular
image not easily forgotten, for
both Republican and Democrat.
Johnson's speaking voice and
the content of his speeches were
emblematic of the dramatic dif
ference in the characters of the
two men.
The nation soon found itself
with an entirely different sort of
leader, one who got things done
in Washington without dramatiz
ing his causes for the people
through rousing speeches. He
arose as an old hand at the old
game of pressure and influence
cn Capitol Hill, a skill which had
bought him fame as Senate
majority leader.
The press too was continually
surprised and occasionally
shocked at the casual behavior
of the new President. Being
formerly accustomed to the
formality and almost-awe of a
Kennedy press conference, they
were somewhat baffled when
asked to breakfast by the new
President or taken on beer
swigging mad-cap Sunday drives
. through the Texas countryside.
".He danced with theii Njwes awi
'shot the breeze on the balcony
until the wee small hours, com
ing up with a new surprise every
minute.
Kennedy, on the other hand,
was the closest thing to a king
America has had not in the
sense that he tried to perpetu
ate a "reign" or attempted to
grab absolute power. Rather he
had some of the aura about him
that onlv a reat leader can
possess. He demanded that ex
tra bit of universal respect.
He could thrill the people with
a Sorensen cliche or merely
by appearing in public. He had
that chairismatie quality that
only the best actors and politi
cians are blessed with.
He had also the qualities of
youth and vitality. One had
trouble being convinced by
President Eisenhower on the
merits of the national physical
fitness program, but with Ken
nedy it was more believable.
Johnson has already been com
cowboy, comedian and senator
pared with Will Rogers, the old
from Oklahoma. Although the
likeness is not that strong, it's
not a bad analogy.
Johnson has that folks-back-homey
quality that Rogers had,
that same casual wit. He likes to
talk to just about anyone and
on the subject of just about any
thing. One can picture him sit
ting on the cracker barrel of the
old country store weaving a
yarn about the strange folks
over in the next county or the
local bootlegger.
He's a 19th century frontiers
man with a 20th century political
education the sort of man who
might have learned his culture
from Mark Twain and his poli
tics from the Great Depression
the latter, in fact, is pretty
close to the Iruth).
He is in many respects a latter-day
New Dealer who has had
the time and experience to learn
the mistakes of that period while
reaping all the good ideas and
programs off the top.
Certainly his war on poverty
legislation resembles some of
the New Deal pump-priming.
He received his political educa
tion from Franklin D. Roosevelt
and has applied it to the pro
blems of the '605.
The Kennedy intellectual ap
proach has vanished and the
much less exciting pragma tic
method has replaced it. Scholars,
young people and the press, the
traditional liberals, have all
sought to understand that re
placement for six months. Final
ly they have found the right
pigeon-hole in their minds, and
they are able to comprdhend
their new President