Judge Blasts Gag Law
Plge 2
Tuesday, March 30, 1965
t ?
1
1
f-5
Opinions of the Daily Tar Heel are expressed in its editorials. Letters and 1
si r r ! - n i
columns, covering a wiae range oj views r rejieci zne personal opinions oj
their authors. ' '
i
The Bonds: A: 'Must'
A proposed capital improvements
bond issue for higher education in North
Carolina may never see the light of day,
but at least it is going to go down fight
ing. '
State Senator L. P. McLendon Jr. of
Greensboro is trying to drum up sup
port for the $100 million program to fi
nance improvements at state-supported
colleges and universities, despite the re
luctance of Governor Dan Moore to sup
port the idea. In outlining his two bil
lion dollar budget last week, the. gover
nor threw his weight behind a $300 mil
lion bond issue for highways, but said a
$12 million windfall" had keen found
to support capital improvements for
higher education.
Even as he, spoke, the governor must
have known that he was selling higher
education shorth and with it the chil
dren of North Carolina. For example: .
College enrollment in North Caro
lina, public and private, will rise from
93,000 last year to 160,000 in 1970. Much
of the press for increased admissions
will be exerted upon' the state-supported
institutions. If the same student popula
tion ratio between public and private
institutions is maintained, state colleges
will be faced with a total enrollment of
97,000 more than the total enrollment
today. .:
Nearly 1 10,000 qualified students
Will be turned away from North Caro
lina colleges this September, including
several thousand who will be rejected
by state institutions. "" '
If westarti building today, many
facilities ? will not be available before
1970, bjr which time the crush Of admis
sions will cause-a total of 50,000 stu
dents to be rejected. The approximate
time require dto erect an average col
lege building,'? from planning to occu
pancy, is about five years. :
If 50,000 qualified students are re
jected between now and 1970, the ap
proximate loss of earning power to them
will be $7 billion.
The prestige and excellence of our
state's public educational system must
be upheld in the face of growing com
petition. Duke University's trustees re
cently announced a huge expansion pro
gram in excess of $150 million. Yet all
the campuses of the state-supported
schools are expected to meet their needs
from one-third that amount.
The awful truth, then, is that thou
sands of children who will someday at
tempt to enroll at state schools are being
cheated. . Money for their educational
betterment is not just desirable it is
necessary, and necessary right now.
North Carolina is a poor state, as
states go; but its people have long dem
onstrated hearty and widespread sup
port for education. It would be very
unlike them to reject an opportunity to
give their children a boost. Yet, Gover
nor Moore is apparently so unsure of
his political force that he has declined
to give the people such an opportunity.
This decision borders on hypocrisy,
since the governor has expended a heroic
effort on behalf of elementary and sec
ondary education while higher education
is allowed to go begging.
Now Sen. McLendon has shouldered
the difficult burden of campaigning for
the bond issue without the governor's
support. If North Carolina is to main
tain its. position in higher education, ' he
must succeed.
i The old cliche that "North Carolina
must " run hard j ust to stand still" has
never been more true than today, espe
cially in education. ,w
The Governor has chosen to walk
into the future; Sen. McLendon has,
chosen to run hard. .
. . We. should all run with him. ,Vf
Oli, Yes, There's More To Gome
For some reason, elections at UNC
breed re-elections, and last Tuesday's
vote-count proved to be no exception.
Three legislative districts will have
to go to the polls again one because of
an apparent fraud, another due to a tie':'
vote and a third because of carelessness
on the part of the Elections Board.
The Constitutional Council yesterday
ruled that new elections must be held in
Districts If II and VI. Their decisions
were wise and just, and we hope the vot
ers of the three areas will take the time
to cast a ballot. ,
, We suspect the members of the af
fected areas will turn out. One candi
date, who came out ahead the first time
around and now . must risk his victory,
commented yesterday he was against,
another - election because most of the
people who voted for him would not be
attracted to the polls. This: is hogwash,
of course. We do not know what attract
ed them in the first place, but apparently
it wasn't this particular candidate.
We d not know the full story of the
Tired, Tired, Tited
From The Charlotte Observer
The dating habits of presidential off
Spring ate fascinating, but we are tired,
tired, tired bf hearing about Luci Baines
and Paul Betz.
Luci and Paul are pinned. They date,
with the Secret Service lurking in the
background, and the nation drinks up de
tail's of the romance J
The age seems fo be one of-excesses:
overkill, oversell and also the phenome
non of overtelL We are told too much
about the Kennedy family, and the re
sulting public familiarity stored public
m
m
M
72 If cars ef Editcrfcl Freedom
fcJ Cfesaf pssizs pzX the! post office in
Chapel G3, M. C 8nbcri?tia rates: $4.50 per
semester $8 per, year. Printed j the Chapel
III3 PcSHstiss Ce. Ice. The Associated PTess
U earned exfchlsfvely ts Oe use f or ressica.
tfoat flf a3 Ideal cewsr printed fn tils ew9aper
s fred ef all AP ne dispatches.
1
1
I
alleged ballot box stuffing. From all ap
pearances, someone certainly cast 10 il
legal votes, and we hope further investi
gation will bring the culprit to light. We
are certain, however, the candidate who
benefitted from the fraud was not in
volved, as he is a man of integrity and
certainly would not stoop to such a feat.
The carelessness of the Elections
Board in not providing a polling place
with enough ballots is readily excusable,
and should not be a detraction from the
excellent job the board did during the
past year. Bill Schmidt should receive
the congratulations of all involved for
his dedicated and impartial work, and
the many hours put in by the board
should not be unnoticed.
So, again, we ask you to vote, if you
live in one of the three districts. It is
imperative to have a good Student
Legislature, and the people already elect
ed are of good quality. We hope the can
didates emerging victorious Tuesday
will be the same.
Of Luci And Paul
contempt-commercial mimicry, image
trading, general impertinence.
It is curious that while President
Johnson's own relations with the press
are somewhat distant, not to say ocasion
ally cool, his daughter apparently is
readily available as grist for the repOr
torial mill. Somewhat of an imbalance
there.
We know little about Lynda Bird, and
that's the way it should be. We know too
much about Luci. She is not a movie
star. She is the President's daughter, and
something raffish, gaffe-ish and unpresi
dential emerges from the sight of a 17-year-old
being bandied about in public
(evidently with parental consent) like a
piece of major legislation.
Presidential dignity has taken a severe
beating in recent years, and we hate to
see it all go completely to smash. As
far as we are concerned, all Betz are off
on Luci's love-life. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson
may be two of the town's most promi
nent and upstanding citizens, but we
wish they'd see it that way too.
Ban
Am InsiuLlt To Stadeiri
M
(Editors' Note: the following
are excerpts from a statement
by the resident judge of thei7th
Judicial District, Superior Court
of North Carolina. His home is
in Reidsville.)
By Judge Allen H. Gwyn
In the fading hours of the
1963 session, a patriotic legis
lature, in an effort to streng
then democracy against its
world enemy, took . a ; parting
shot at communism. It enact
ed Chapter 1027 of the public
laws, and in so doing ' lowered
an iron curtain against Com
munist speakers in state insti
tutions. The utility or futility
of such a law is still the sub- "
ject of debate through- the state.
We cannot afford at this late
day to pussyfoot with commun
ism. The ex - Communist,
Whittaker Chambers, warned
us that the two irreconcilable
faiths of our time, freedom and
communism, have ' come to
grips in a total conflict, and
that we stand in danger at all
points. If he was right, and 1
believe he was, it is time for
our best brains to do their best
thinking to straighten us out in
our quandary
As we approach the subject,
let . us lay aside any- notion
that extremists on one side are
are soft on communism on the
other Nobody can fail to re
spect the motives of the pro
txments of the Speaker Ban
Law. They do not believe-we
should afford the Communists a
platform from which, to 1 ex
pound the; Communist doctrine.
They do not believe that the
youth of our land should be
subjected to the insidious influ
ences of Communist propagan
da. They believe that by clos
ing Communist mouths, the
Communist ideas would have
less chance to take root and
grow in the minds of our peo
ple. .
Strong men have spoken fer
vently for the law. Equally
strong men have spoken again
st it ... Of one thing we
may be certain: They are all
against communism ... As
we approach the issue, there
f orer let us accord to any oo
position full faith and credit
for their patriotism and their
good intentions. ,
If I had ever- entertained
doubt that. our public platforms
should be afforded to Commun
ist speakers, that doubt was
soundly laid to rest by the stu
dent body of Wake Forest Col
lege. While holding a session of
Superior Court in Winston-Salem
in 1962, I learned that two
Communist speakers were to
deliver public addresses at
Wake Forest. I attended. The
auditorium was , packed
jammed. . I got standing room.
The speakers expounded the
more favorable aspects of the
Communist philosophy.
Then followed the question
and answer period. The cross
examinations, the searching in
quiries,, the unanswerable
questions, were more than the
Communists . could stand,
Their evasions were often ac
companied by . smiles of em
barrassment. As I returned to my hotel
that night, even as a Duke
man, I was proud of Wake
Forest and her student body.
They had routed the Russians.
They had pried the lid off the
Communist ideology. The had
taken it apart and picked it
to pieces. They had exposed
its inherent evil. They were
searching for the truth.
Those fine young American
students had proved, to my
satisfaction, that they had done
their homework; that they had
learned somethings besides
what is written in books; that
they were capable of thinking
for themselves; that they knew
the meaning of freedom; that
they were sold on it. They had
proved, to my satisfaction, an
other thing: that the Russians
didn't have a chance with
them, except to learn the les
sons of freedom themselves to
be transmitted to the Russian
people.
I was more at ease there
after because they convinced
me that our young college stu
dents are more mature in their
thinking than we give them
credit for being. I had no fur
ther fear of exposing them to
known Communist speakers
A Time to Think
In turbulent times like
these, when the world strug
gle is at its height to capture
the minds of men, it seems to
me that the time honored pol
icy of academic freedom
'I've Been Looking for Tin Fleece for 3,000 Years, So
Hand It Over!'
ft
r
-I
K".sZw.&-sSs y.-:yy.---.-jz-s.-.-.'Srs.-.-s,-.--".-.-s x-.-x-.'.-.v-..-.-.-.-.c.-.v-.v
w.-,-.-.v...w...vw.wiw. ..-.vr. .-.-x-o : : :-:-:-:-x :-x-:-:-:-:-:-:-.-.-. -.w. ---'.----k-:-m- :-:
-. r '''- Ji '' ' " ' '' 1 1 , , ,
l :; -'. 11; 'M . -Sti?V .-. ' I
"',"1; ' v y- ? f'ff--. ''y -' : ':-: - - - i
- - , - .. y.. ', - - . : t , 9
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
' ' ' ' ' ' I
i
yy y-yyfay -VMV
mm
: '-..-it?" : y-
ftVvl
, '' - " - f ' jf T
. v --!.! L r I ' "
- A
I - ' " ' ' '
' ' ' , ' , " 'i
y f J : f
" ' ' '
Letters To The Editors
Pratt
T
hanks
Supporters
should receive its strongest
support. We think of academic
freedom as synonymous witji
dedication to the search for
truth. Is it not a fact that
what we need, and what the
world needs, is the truth?
Could there be any doubt what
we need, and what the world
needs, is the truth? Could
there be any doubt what the
verdict of mankind would be
if the truth were known about
communism and freedom? Is
it not true that the spirit of
man instinctively rebels
against a condition of servi
tude? Can there be any hope
for peace to settle upon this
earth until the- truth is estab
lished as between these two
irreconcilable doctrines? I s
it not true, then, that the de
cisive battle must be fought in
the minds of men?
Our strongest criticism of
the Communist curtain is that
it closes the ears and minds
of an enslaved people to the
truths of freedom. Does the
Speaker Ban Law not embody
the same principle? Is it not
based upon the assumption
that the less we hear from the
Communists, the stronger we
are? Is it not a confession to
the world that we are afraid
to hear the Cpmmunist side of
the controversy?
In this battle of the minds,
have, we found any better way
to settle issues than - to talk
them out? Can you kill an idea
with a gun? Is there any sub
stitute for open debate in the
public forum? Is there any bet
ter method of sifting evidence
and arriving, at the truth than
the- art of cross-examination?
Can we make our best defense
without our knowing our en
emy? Can we win by sticking
our heads in the sand - and,
ostrich !- like, hoping that the
danger will go . away? Since
when do we have to fear for
truth in a fair fight with fal
sity? The Russians (those in au
thority who expoit the people)
are afraid of the truth. They
build walls and jam radios to
keep it out. They are fearful
that the truth might "make
them free". The Communist
ideas cannot stand the light of
intelligent scrutiny.- Like bats
that flit in darkness they van
ish in the light of day.
The American audience is
ready. Our people will back
freedom to the limit, and
ithere can be no doubt about
dt. Throughout: my long- years
of public service, I have been
dooking for people who are in
tentionally subversive. I have
mot found them. I tell you in
all sincerity that I don't believe
Ahey are here.
Of course, in any free so
ciety will be found a few fana
tics and crackpots; and any
body who would turn down
freedom for communism, if he
has had an opportunity to un
derstand the difference, is just
plain half crazy anyway. The
overwhelming, controlling core
of our people is sound . . .
The wise : and usually victo
rious general is the one who
is able to make his own se
lection of the field of battle.
We have the privilege of se
lecting the American forum for
this crucial intellectual con
flict, right here at home, in
freedom's backyard, where
the attributes of freedom may
be heard, seen and felt by ev
erybody. Cound we find a more
favorable arena to pit truth
against falsehood? Could there
be any place on the face of
this earth more advantageous
place of freedom's birth?
Our. enemies are p r o p 1 e
who do not understand us.
Khrushchev once promised to
bury us. Remember? That was
ff ft
aOTFMy
before he came to America.
After he came to the United
States and saw with his -own
eyes our millions of happy,
hustling people; after he sv
for himself that we were in
fact peaceful, having ill will to
ward nobody on earth; after he
visited our great industrial
plants and our vast corn and
wheat fields of the West; after
he ata hot dogs and hamburg
changed his mind. He return
ed to his native Russia, not
with renewed determination to
bury us, but with a purpose
to foster a brand new rela
tionship, a relationship there
tofore condemned by all Com
munist philosophy and Com
munist leaders a relation
ship of Peaceful Co - existence. ...
So much of the American
,way has been transmitted to
Russia through friendly com
munication that Russia's chief
ally, China, has become alar
med that Russia may become
a capitalist country and as
such an ally of the West. Should
we not continue to win the bat
tle of the minds, rather than
rely solely upon the battle of
bombs? "
It would-be difficult to con
ceive of a more favorable place
to bury the Communist idea
than the public forum in North
Carolina Ilere we have per
haps the staunchest citizenry,
the least subversion and the
most stable government of anv
state in the Union. We know
that the truth is on our side.
When the Communists come
with the Communist label, and
not as spies or underground
agents, we can work with them
in the open, as we did with
Mr. Khrushchev. We can let
them hear,' see and feel the
naked truth. We can fix in
ttheir minds the real meaning
of America. We can send them
back to Russia with a friend
ly and more powerful mes
sage than we could hope to
end by all the physical force
at our command. . .
Will any sane person con
tend that the ideological con
flict can be won by military
armaments? Can we hope to
reduce the back - breaking ex
penditures of billions of d o 1
lars for defense until we get
it through the heads of peo
ple that ours is the best sys
tem yet conceived for peace
and happiness of mankind?
I never attended our state
university, or any of our state
'institutions of learning,
i Throughout the years, howev
;,er, -I have worked with men
and women who were trained
in our state institutions. I know
of no better way to judge an
institution than be the charac
ter of its products. By this
standard, the University of
North Carolina, and other state
institutions stand ace high. Ev
ery patriotic citizen of the
should have pride in them.
It is popular, of course, to
speak up for the Speaker Ban
Law. It stamps one as being
opposed to communism. But
l.hose who have thought
through the subject see that
I't accomplishes . the exact op
posite of what we intended
So, away with the Gag Law.
It suggests that our trustees
and administrators are less
than competent to do the job.
They do not deserve to be
thus slapped in the face. They
are, indeed, in better position
than others to mobilize the in
telligence, of our land in this
all - out fight against commu
nism. After all, do they not
constitute our strongest defen
ders of freedom? As for me,
I am unwilling to impose upon
them statutory control of their
thought and action. Such con
trol smacks too much of comm
unism.
DTH Candidate
Praises Backers
Editors, The Tar Heel:
I want to thank every one
who supported me in the re
cent elections.
I am especially grateful to
the many people who volunteer
ed their time and effort to help
me. When everything else about
the campaign has been forgot
ten, I will remember the kind
ness and enthusiasm of these
friends
Norwood Pratt
YMCA, Gardner
Not Connected
Editors, The Tar Heel:
Timothy Ray's second article
View of James Garnder" is
partly in error. He contends that
the YMCA Cainet decided to
sponsor James Gardner's
speech forum, but this is not
ture.
Whe.I made the motion in Y
Cabinet to sponsor a "YMCA
Open Platform," it was made
apparent that the Y had no in
tentions of becoming involved
in the Free Speech -Movement,
the Free Speech Forum, or any
of the organizations which
Gardner has created for the
UNC campus.
The Y wants to make the
opportunity available to anyone
Gardner, Clark Crampton
and Otelia Connor included
for free expression of thought.
However, the Y does NOT in
tend, as Pete Wales has said,
to "rise out of the askhes of
James Gardner's free speech
movement."
Sandy Hobgood
206 Joyner
New York Sam
Should Be Moved
Editors, The Tar Heel:
I just happened to stop over
in your pleasant village, and
nrjon reading vour newspaper
and asking questions, deter
mined that you were trying to
tear down your Confederate
monument.
So he was a New York po
liceman? What perversion!
Weren't there any good look
ing Carolina gentlemen? By
any m-e a n s , remove Yan
kee Sam!
George Wise.
Clayton, Ala.
Gliolson Newsweek
Article Defended
Editors, The Tar Heelr
In reference to John Gill's
letter concerning the March 22
article in Newsweek magazine
about UNC co - ed Matilda
Gholson:
I felt after having read the
article that Miss Gholson had
given an intelligent, moderate
and universal response to the
questions of the writer of the
article. And I don't necessar
ily feel that her views are con
fined to the mind of a South
erner as the article tends to
imply.
The writer, however, had a
real field day playing, up the
Old South image especially
with the description of t h e
"Chi O" house with its white
columns and magnolia tree. I
thought that part was rather
humorous myself, but what
sort of image does a college
student in New York get from
the article?
No thanks to the writer of
the article, Miss Gholson has
presented a fairly broad pic
ture of what represents the op
ion of the average Carolina
student concerning mixed cou
ples" not just the opinion
of one Carolina belle.
Tom Murray
E. Franklin Street
si
Shapiro To Open
Fine Arts Fes
I
Karl Shapiro, controversial
Pulitzer Prizewinning poet, will
open the University of North
Carolina Fine Arts festival with
a reading and discussion of his
poems. "To Have Been a Poet"
is the title he has chosen for
his initial event in Carroll
Hall, 4 p.m , March 30. The
reading will demonstrate his
development in the "prose
poem," and his challenge to
.American poets and their rea
ders to
Lower the standard: that's
my motto. Somebody is al
ways putting the food out
of reach. We're tired of
falling off ladders. Who says
a child can't paint a pro is
somebody who does it for
money. Lower the stand
pds. Let' all olay poetry.
Down with ideals, flags,
convention buttons, morals,
the scrambled eggs on the
admiral's hat. I'm talking
sense. Lower the st2nd
istic approach. Let weeds
ards. Sabotage the stylis
erow in the subdivision.
Putty up the incisions in
the library facade, those
names that frighten grade
school teachers, those na
ff
i wan
mes whose U's are cut like
V's Burn the Syntopicon
and The Harvard Clas
sics. Lower the standard
on classics, battleships,
Russian ballet, national an
thems (but they're low
enough). Break through to
the bottom. Be natural as
an American abroad who
knows no language, not ev
en American. Keelhaul the
poets in the vestry chairs.
Renovate the Abbey of
cold - storage dreamers.
Get off the culture Wagon.
Learn how to walk the way
you want.' Slump your
shoulders, stick your belly
out, arms all over the ta
ble. How many generations
will this take? Don't thick
about it, just make a start.
(You have mado a start).
Don't break anything you
caa step around, but don't
pick it up. The law of gra
vity is the law of art. You
first, poetry second, the
good the beautiful, the
true come "last. As the lad
said: We must love one an
other or die.
Karl Shapiro
"The Bourgeois Poet"
Random House