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Page 2 - Saturday, April 24, 1965 mett -f Jiac bunFFemdleF CoiMmeinmoFc-: S3: . fes elp latly alar ileei P I 4 - Opinions of the Daily Tar Heel are expressed In its editor- ij ials. Letters and columns, covering a wide range of views, M iii J ohnston, Sherman Negotiate d In 1865 reflect the personal opinions of their authors. i i I DTH Awards Of The Week Most Comforting Fact of the Week: The value of the chemical elements in the human body have increased only from 98 cents to 99 cents since 1930. But science has not let us down. This is Chemical Progress Week, and to prove it a story in the Raleigh Times said that thanks to advanc ing technology the pound of special enzymes and nucleic acids in the body are worth $800. It did not say who was buying. . Comeback of the Week: L. Richardson Preyer, who was named to a four-man committee in Greensboro to "review the communications policies, procedures and prac tices of the North Carolina Heart Association." Quote of the Week: From Liz Carpenter, press secre tary for Mrs. Lyndon B. Johnson, to a meeting of the Women's Press Club in Washington: "Somebody asked me how I felt about the Civil Rights Bill and I said I wasn't sure, but if we owe it I think we ought to pay it.'V Most Significant Political Decision of the Week: Bruce (Bozo) Burleson, former wrestler and gubernatorial candi date, who announced he will run for mayor of his home town Bakersville. "I'm against drinking and gambling and will promote a program of health and recreation for young people." He said details of the program will be released after he is elected. Best Petition of the Week: Western Carolina College, where 500 students held a midnight rally on campus to support a petition to be presented to the college board Of trustees asking that the college be made a part, of the University of North Carolina. Best Squelch of the Week: Credited to Irving Carlyle, Winston-Salem lawyer and a Wake Forest graduate. The Charlotte Observer said Carlyle had just spoken to the General Assembly Wednesday, opposing a resolution call ing on Congress to convene a constitutional convention to overturn the recent one-man, one-vote ruling of the Su preme Court. An unidentified woman approached him afterward and took issue with his views, mentioning something about Communists." "There are some at the University," she said. "Do you know any Coiftmunists?" Carlyle. asked her. ''Would you give me their names?" asked Carlyle, reaching for a pen and paper. The woman turned and stomped away in anger. White Man of the Week: George Lincoln Rockwell, American .Nazi Party head. 'When he filed as a candidate for governor of Virginia he said, "Democratic and Repub lican politicians of the state have ceased to stick up for the white Christian majority arid are scrambling for the Negro and Jewish bloc vote." Man of the Week: Larry Atwater, the man who drove the tractor which plowed up Kenan Stadium. Godfrey's No Gadabout No, Dean of the Faculty James Godfrey didn't really fly all the way to Hot Springs, Arkansas, just to consult With Chancellor Paul Sharp about Jubilee. Unfortunately, the story in yesterday's DTH implied that he did and even more, that he ended up making the decision himself after going to all that trouble. Sharp had been out of town attending a meeting in Iowa since Monday. He was to go to the Southern Univer sity Conference in Hot Springs without returning to Chapel Hill. Godfrey, who represents the University in the Con ference, was to join him at the meeting. Godfrey has re signed as dean to return to teaching history. Sharp will represent the University in the Conference after this year. That is why Godfrey made the flight to Arkansas. When Graham Memorial Director Howard Henry found his Jubi lee site ruined early this week, he had to have a new one approved. The Chancellor was the man to do it, but he was between meetings and contacting him was next to im possible. Since Godfrey was joining Sharp anyway it was agreed that Godfrey could handle the problem best by ex plaining it to Sharp in person. But this rather complicated situation was not explained to the DTH reporter who talked to Henry Thursday about the final decision. He was told exactly what the story said; Apparently Godfrey had not beeri able to see Sharp Thurs day, and knowing that the decision had let be made, went ahead and took responsibility for it himself. The decision has oeen made and we hope that is the end of Jubilee's problems. Mention of the sequence of events is only made to set the record straight. Let the gnashing of taxpayers teeth cease. Godfrey certainly did not hop a plane to go discuss plans for a weekend of student entertainment with the Chancellor. rl II i Si i- m it II I id I 72 Years of Editorial Freedom The Daily Tar Heel is the official news publication f the University of North Carolina and is published by students daily except Mondays, examination periods and vacations. Ernie RIcCrary, editor; Mike Yopp, associate editor; Kerry Sips, managing editor; Joha Greenbacter, news editor, Fred Scely, sports editor; Jack Harrington, fcas. mgr.; Woody Sobcl, &d. mgr.; Tom Clark, subscription mgr. t Second Class postage paid at the post office in Chapel 1113, ft. C. Subscription rates: $4.50 per semester; $3 per ytz. Prizied by the Chapel Hill Pahllshing Co., Inc. The Associated Prc3 is esiUki exclusively to the use for repiUcstica cf local news printed in this newspaper as well as all AP news dispatches. . v - . i H i si il I ?i I I MFey ..Speak, At mind ay; : (Ceremony f S it 4 i 5 S. i ft II - - "UNITYV reads the fiiscription on the mon- ion Gen. William T. Sherman. . The theme ument which towers on the Bennett Place for tomorrow's ceremony will be "The Cen-, grounds, commemorating the surrender of tennial of National Unity.". Confederate Gen. Joseph E. Johnston to Un- Photo by Ernest Robl. ' ...... . ;( In The Mailbox Of Soldien-s Aiftll .Politics 1 Editors: The Daily Tar Heel: ; If there is one thing which most people, and - particularly most students, would agree on, it is that the more knowledge one has of a particular situation, the better Viet Nam Debate Value Questioned Editors, The Daily Tar Heel: .While I very much enjoyed Mike Yopp's coverage of Selma, I have reservations concerning his article of April 21, "Taking the Protest Out Of The Teach-in." The im plication of this article is clearly that teach-ins, as they have been held on other campuses, have the sole function of pro test; i.e., that they are devoid of educa tional value. ; Regarding Viet Nam in particular tele vision and newspapers tend to agree in presenting one point of view: , the point of view of the President and the State De partment. ; Rather, we try to get other points of . view as well," and then make the conclu sions for ourselves. If professors give their views on Viet Nam at a teach-in, similar ly this could be educational for people who favor intervention. They don't have to be lieve everything they hear, as they can check the morning paper for a different perspective. Mr. Yopp calls for debates instead of teach-ins. In the first place it would prob ably ;be; impossible to have a teach-in on Viet-Nam here anyway (in the current sense of "teach-in") because there seem to be few people here opposed to interven tion; Perhaps debates, on the other hand, would be possible; I think that some de bates have already been held. I would only , like to urge that debating runs the risk v of becoming an academic exercise, the purpose being to win by spectacular oratory, and to point out that it is sophis tical to conclude from the fact that Smith beats Jones in a debate that Smith's point of view is better, or truer, than Jones'. That is taking the easy wav out." as op posed to doing one's own thinking. The use of textbooks, which often try to be value neutral, or devoid of commitment, tends I believe, to prejudice students against ex posing themselves to books or speeches which shamelessly take sides; but, if it weren't - for those primary sources' text book writers would have nothing to put through their meat-grinders to prepare for spoon-feeding to students. To ask that both, or many, points of view be. represented before one will listen may well amount to asking that every thing be ground up for painless digestion Timothy Ray able one is to. make a rational choice about the situation. It is in the interest of this knowledge that I point" out the obvious fal lacy on the editorial page , of the DTH of April 22. Mr. Barnard,' whose ability " of almost . obscene generalization will probably make him as successful a cartoonist as Herb lock, has gleaned the essence of the two "peacenik'? editorials brilliantly, so I will limit my discussion to his cartoon. First, it is clear and the "peaceniks" I assume would be the first to admit this that: the men who are fighting and being killed in Viet Nam are making a real sacrifice for their, country. No doubt if the war continues to escalate, many of us here at home will begin to feel guilty because other people are dying for us. Enlistments will increase due to this feeling, and there will be even more national unity than there already is. In 10 f years, . assuming- we "win;" there will be TV shows about the heroes of Southeast Asia. Before we become totally swept away by all this emotionalism however, let us consider one very important fact: There is a difference between personal sacrifice and political morality. For example there were no doubt individual Germans who acted as heroically in battle as individual Americans. . No doubt peace demonstrations are dis heartening to the American soldier who is committed body and soul to the possibility of violent death in combat. But the point is simply that personal heroism has absolute ly nothing to do with political right and wrong The hero is defined by his personal -'actions' not by the complex political mean tag or the war he happens to be engaged, m:The blurring of this fundamental dis tinction is Barnard's mistake, and unless we aS realize this distinction we wiU con tW to make choices (which not only vit Svffect each of us personally, but abo coLavely affect the country) miterately PerSnal morality does not make political m!4'--and" personal "courage does not SeS courage. Nor, for that mat ter does pohtical immorality justify more PtScy is based on Mach- nrinciDles (as in fact it seems .to LrSnTno one really believes we bG) ?nt South Viet Nam "free" in any are keeping SouUi V the ea-! should be concerned with. Before issue e shouia N WG 16f d! first decide whether or not our ;ff wbt Really justified. Bar ''ScIrLn way aids us in mak--ing this decision. w nkksnl ' 116 Avery By ERNEST ROBL DTH Staff Writer Two men, each with a small cavalry honor guard, rode toward each other on a small dusty road, and while still mounted, exchanged courteous greetings and shook hands. Then the two men dismounted and walked together into the nearby house. This encounter which took place April 17, 1865, at the farm house of James Ben nett, one mile from the present city limits of Durham, set the stage for the last major surrender of the Civil War. After extensive negotiations, Confeder ate General Joseph E. Johnston surrend ered to Union General William T. Sherman on April 26. Followed almost immediately by the surrender of two minor armies in Alabama and Louisiana, the Bennett Place surrender brought the Civil War to a com plete halt. . .'. .'.1 On April 25, 1965, this Sunday a ceremony commemorating - the surrender will be held at the rebuilt Bennett Place with Vice-President Hubert H. Humphrey as featured speaker. Centered around the theme "The Cen- tennial of National Unity," the ceremony will also feature ROTC units and military bands. Speakers will include local and state officials. Contrasts Evident Stark contrast between the past and the present century will be evident on Sunday: While the original participants in the sur render negotiations arrived on horseback, the vice president will arrive by helicopter." At the conclusion of his talk, a forma- tion of four Air Force F-105 jets will thun der over the site, Invitations have been extended to the governors of all 50 states, with requests that they present their state flags to be flown at the surrender site. .-- - - .. -. - -. 1 Late estimates predict attendance in the" thousands; the entire ceremony will be open to the public. . The events immediately leading to the surrender took place early in the March of 1865. Sherman, driving northeast from Geor gia, was moving to join Grant in Vir ginia. Johnston with his Confederate Army attempted unsuccessfully to halt the drive. The two armies clashed at Bentonville, 18 miles southwest of Goldsboro; Sherman commanded 60,000 men while Johnston had less than half : that number. After the . ensuing battle, March 19 through 21, both armies withdrew, and a short time later Sherman received a letter from Johnston requesting a "temporary suspension of operations . . .. the object, being to permit civil authorities to enter into the. needful arrangement to terminate . the existing war." . " ' . . . Meet At Bennett Place A meeting between the two opposing generals .was-proposed and on ' April 17, 1865, the adversaries met for the first; time at. the farm home of James Bennett, then midway between army lines.' ' ; :r ; 'Once inside the1 house, Sherman showed Johnston a telegram he had received tha t morning informing him of the . assassina tion of President Abraham Lincoln. The two generals were unable to agree on terms immediately and attempted, to' work toward a compromise. Sherman of fered, military terms similar to those which Lee had agreed to at Appomattox. John ston, however, wanted political as well as military terms. He hoped for guarantees ; to restore the rights and privileges of southerners. In an attempt to get Sherman to accept his terms, Johnston offered to surrender all remaining Confederate troops . in the field. -' ' After discussing the proposed terms, the generals returned to their respective ' camps to confer with aides Johnston to Hillsboro; Sherman to Raleigh. Meeting again the next morning, John ston asked that the Confederate Secretary of War be allowed to participate in dis cussions. Johnston presented a plan which he had prepared, after which Sherman wrote out a list of terms agreeable to both generals. These terms provided for an armistice terminable at 48 hours notice, disbanding of remaining Confederate armies, and the restoration of both property and political : rights. State governments would be recog nized after they had taken an oath of al legiance prescribed by the federal govern ment. Despite the inclusion of a general am nesty, Sherman was afraid that ihe terms ' might be challenged in Washington, and suggested that Confederate President Jeff erson Davis and his cabinet escape. Terms Rejected In Washington Washington officials rejected the terms agreed upon at the Bennett Place on April - 18, and Sherman was ordered to resume hostilities immediately. Although Gen. U. S. Grant arrived in Raleigh April 24, he did not interfere and merely urged Sherman to continue nego tiations. Johnston disobeyed orders from Jefferson Davis and arranged for a final meeting on the Bennett Farm on April 26. Simple military terms were signed at that time: Baggage, horses and side arms were to be retained by officers while all other arms and public property were to be turned over to the United States. Indi viduals were required to sign promises not to take up arms again. The Bennett Place surrender also brought about the surrender of two small er Confederate armies, bringing the war to a complete end. General Richard A. . Taylor surrendered at Citronelle, Ala., on May 4, 1865, and General E. Kirby Smith surrendered at New Orleans on May 2G, both to Union General E. R. S. Canby. Unoccupied and neglected after having changed hands several times after the sur render, the Bennett Place burned in 1S2I. Only the chimneys of the main and kitchen . houses remained standing. The land and the remains of the two buildings were given to the State of North Carolina in 1923 by the family of the late Samuel Tate Morgan in his memory. In cluded in the donation were funds for the construction of a monument on the site. Commission Established Upon accepting the gift, the state estab lished the Bennett Place Memorial Commis . sion to administer the site. By 1958, the commission had acquired sufficient funds from donations to begin the reconstruction of the main building and the kitchen as they existed in 1865. In July of 1961, the Bennett Place was designated as a "State Historic Site" and was incorporated into the Division of His toric Sites of the state Department of Ar chives and History. The buildings have been refurnished with period furniture and a rear room in . the main building is currently being used ; to exhibit some of the belongings of John- , ston and Sherman. The site is easily accessible and is open to the public on Saturday and Sunday afternoons. A site specialist is on hand at these times. Sunday's centennial observance climax several years of planning by the Bennett Place Memorial Commission, with the presence of Humphrey bringing the site into the state as well as national spotlight. The commission is currently headed by R. O. Everett Sr., a Durham attorney. THE HOME of James Bennett looked much burned in 1321, bnt the structure was rebuilt like this in 1SSS when terms of surrender by the Bennett Place Memorial Commission, were negotiated there. The original house Photo by Ernest Robl. nr
Daily Tar Heel (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
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April 24, 1965, edition 1
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