'j October 11, 1970
THE DAILY TAR HEEL
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-Eleplhaelrs
3
A booklet designed to help prevent
unwanted pregnancies and venereal disease
will be available Monday from 2 to 5 p.m.
in suite B of the Student Union.
- Published and distributed by ECOS,
Inc., the booklet, entitled "Elephants and'
Butterflies...and Contraceptives," wUl be
sold for 25 cents.
- The booklet was compiled this summer
by a group of medical students. They are:
Thomas Blush, University of California;
Donald Rollins, University of South
Dakota; Richard Mier, University of
Chicago.
Also contributing was Dr. Takey Crist,
assistant professor in the Department of
Obstetrics and Gynecology of the UNC
School of Medicine.
-' The booklet was scheduled to appear at
the beginning of the semester, under the
copyright Qf the Carolina Population
Center.
However, due to mistakes in the
content and the tone of the booklet, the
first printing was withheld and destroyed.
The first printing of 10,000 copies was
funded primarily by the Population Center
with a total budget of S3,000.
Produced by the Student Union Print
Shop and by the University's Duplicating
Services, the first version of the booklet
was to made available without cost to any
student wishing a copy.
The covers of the first booklet were
salvaged to help reduce the cost of the
second printing.
The 1 0,000 copies of the revised version
were produced by a printing company in
Burlington, N.C., at a cost of S2300.
Funds for the second printing consisted
of advance orders from the Carolina
Population Center, fraternities, sororities,
dormitories and other student
organizations, and from anonymous
contributions.
The 24-page booklet is based on a
Medical Student Summer Research Project
sponsored this summer by the Population
Center. Funds from the project came from
a Rockefeller Foundation Grant.
The book's authors said their summer
project involved three stages of activity :
-Evaluation of the student population
of the University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, "our target population."
-pre-testing the booklet and
formulation of booklet tone and content.
printing and distribution of the
booklet.
The authors used Dr. Karl Bauman's
1968 survey of the University's student
community and other sources to
determine why there is inadequate
contraceptive practices among UNC
students.
Lack of facilities for obtaining
contraceptives was the main reason for the
booklet. Secondly, students may not know
enough about reproductive physiology and
contraceptive outlets. In addition, lack of
motivation or psychological deterrents is
noted.
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Ovulation usually occurs
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FEMALE ORGASM
The psychological and physical stimulation necessary for
successful orgasm is much more difficult to assess in the woman
than in the man. In general, during sexual intercourse, the penis is
inserted in a thrusting manner into the vagina and the massaging
sensation evokes the appropriate nerve reflexes that culminate in
female orgasm. This is, however, a gross oversimplification. Not
only are the anatomy and sensory areas more complex in the
woman, but the traditional role of women as passive, submissive
The Menstrual Cycle in a diagram from "Elephants and Butterflies."
(reprinted by permission of ECOS, Inc.)
1 Clinic- Aids'
'Sexually
I Active '
"It is our job as physicians not to decide
' .what is good or bad, but to decide what is
necessary. If an unmarried girl who has
r -established a sexual relationship and seeks
contraceptive information comes to a
physician, she is not asking for advice
about morality, instead, she is asking for
medical help.
1 "Girls who have never had a sexual
Experience but seek contraceptives
because they plan to do so may benefit
from counseling.
"The problems included in dealing with
young sexually active women include
getting them to assume the responsibility
that goes along with their desire for sexual
freedom."
This is the opinion of Dr. Takey Crist of
the Health Education Clinic in the N.C.
Memorial Hospital and one of the authors
of "Elephants and Butterflies."
The clinic was formed in May of this
year as a part of the Obstetrics and
Gynecology Department. It functions as a
place where UNC women interested in
obtaining information on contraceptives,
help with female personal and abortion
counseling can go.
"The people working in the clinic are
interested individuals who like to deal with
young people and give them information
when they seek it," Crist said.
Crist feels that the clinic is much more
than just a place to obtain contraceptive
information. He feels it is a place where
coeds can go and discuss their problems
openly with doctors, without the usual
moral lectures, and receive help with
whatever decisions they make.
There is nothing comparable to the
clinic in North Carolina, but throughout
the country similar clinics have been
established.
The clinic is open every Tuesday from 8
a.m. to 12 noon. It works closely with the
infirmary and there is easy referral to all
services in the hospital, including marriage
counseling and psychiatry.
Appointments for the clinic can be
made through the infirmary or through
- "Central Appointments of the hospital.
Stories by
Terry Cheek
and
Lana Starnes
Few publications undergo the degree of
scrutiny, revision and analysis which has
produced the booklet "Elephants and
Butterflies...and Contraceptives."
The authors pretested, prepared,
reviewed, corrected and revised five drafts
of the booklet before submitting it to the
printer.
Further improvements and corrections
made the second printing not only a work
of art, but a work of perfection.
Two kinds of information are not
necessarily equivalent. There are facts you
need to know and there are facts you want
to know..
"Elephants and Butterflies" contains an
abundence of both kinds of information. It
tells ypu the things we. all should. .know
about contraceptives, including .
information on where and how
contraceptives may be obtained.
In the words of the booklet's authors:
"The book is frank, person-to-person,
low-keyed, somewhat 'soft sell,' with very
little vertical sermonizing. Our advocacy of
effective contraceptive behavior, however,
is overt and fairly strong-worded.
"Honesty and frankness were virtues
placed high on our list of priorities and a
great effort was made to produce a text in
which our readers would put faith," said
the authors.
The booklet avoids "cumbersome
medical phrasing." Indeed, the text has
about the same readability as that of a
news magazine.
The booklet begins with a synopsis of
e.e. cummings' fairy tale entitled "The
Elephant and the Butterfly."
The body of the booklet is divided into
12 sections progressing from basic
physiology to the medical and
pharmaceutical services available in this
area.
The physiology section is divided into
two parts. The first, "The Elephants,"
describes the physiology of the male and
ends with a series of questions and answers.
The second part, "The Butterflies,"
deals with the sexual function of the
female and the menstrual cycle. A question
and answer series is also included in "The
Butterflies."
The physiology section is illustrated
with diagrams of the male and the female
reproductive systems, a chart of the
"perfect 28-day cycle" and a drawing of
the anatomy and sensory areas of the
female.
The material of methods of
contraception is by far the lengthiest
portion of the booklet.
"It is amazing," say the authors, "that
in this age of sexual revolution there are so
many unwanted pregnancies Let's be
.reahsjticintercourse causes babies. , .
"The inconvenience of contraception is
a small price to pay to prevent the tragedy
of an unwanted pregnancy," the authors
say.
The studies used in the medical
students' research revealed that the UNC
student population is sexually active-50
to 60 percent of those students surveyed
were non-virgins.
The researchers found that students
here practice poor contraceptive
technique. Thirty percent of all non-virgins
tested used the rhythm method,
withdrawal or nothing at all as their most
frequent method and only about 40 per
cent used an effective method such as the
pill, foam or condoms "always."
The section on contraceptives describes
each contraceptive and gives information
on the side effects, the availability, the
reasons for failure, the effectiveness and
the extent of use.
The short section on pregnancy gives
simple, to-the-point information on
medical detection of pregnancy and lists
the major indications of pregnancy.
Abortions may be obtained at Memorial
Hospital in Chapel Hill within the limits of
the state law. Specific instructions and
phone numbers are given in "Elephants
and Butterflies" for anyone wanting to
terminate her pregnancy.
"There is help available," say the
authors of the booklet. "Do not go to a
butcher. Further, there is absolutely no
safe way for you to abort yourself. There is
nothing you can take, including birth
control pills, quinine of other chemicals,
that will cause abortion without killing or
permanently maiming yourself in the
process.
"Hot baths, trauma to the abdomen, or
strenuous exercise will do nothing.
Insertion of a metal, plastic or wooden
tube or a coat hanger into the uterus will
more likely cause perforation, serious
infection, sterility or even death than an
abortion."
"" The section on venereal disease uses a
question and anwer format to present
information on detection, medication and
prevention of V.D.
The section entitled "Medical and
Pharmaceutical Services" will perhaps be
the most useful part of the booklet in
accomplishing the primary goal of the
authors: to help prevent unwanted
pregnancies among unmarried college
students.
This section is devoted to information
where and how contraceptives may be
obtained, including names and telephone
numbers of people and organization to
contact and fees for such services.
Pregnancy testing and venereal disease
clinic services and places where
non-prescription contraceptives may be
purchased are listed. Fees and prices are
included.
"I hope this booklet will help," writes
Dr. Takey Crist, one of the booklet's
authors. "It was written by students not to
promote promiscuity, but rather, in
recognition of the fact that young people
are in fact risking pregnancy, and in hopes
of increasing their individual and social
responsibility. The language is theirs, the
questions are theirs and the answers are
theirs."
edical Facts Show
Need
ror
ooklet Exists
...In North Carolina last year there were
11,474 illegitimate pregnancies. Sixty per
cent of them were born to mothers under
20 years of age.
...Over a million illegal abortions are
performed annually in the U.S.
...In 1969 there were 165 therapeutic
abortions performed at the N.C. Memorial
Hospital.
...In September of this year there were
1,850 cases of gonorrhea reported in North
Carolina.
...Gonorrhea has now become the most
prevalent and communicable disease in the
nation and by the most conservative
estimates is clearly out of control.
These facts, released by Dr. Takey Crist
of the N.C. Memorial Hospital Health
Education Clinic, reflect the great need
that exists for adequate information
concerning sex education, birth control,
abortion and family responsibility.
"Elephants and Butterflies" is a booklet
written in response to this deficiency. It
was written in an attempt to give students
honest and factual information about sex,
said Crist.
The booklet was compiled this summer
when Crist was wroking as preceptor for
the N.C. Population Center in conjunction
with the Medical Student Research Center.
, Tne authors approached the task with
what Crist calls a "tell it like it is" attitude
and left no stone unturned in their search
for all available information.
Crist is optimistic about the acceptance
of the booklet.
"I think the students will like it and be
proud of it. We like to think of it as
something representative of what is
typically Carolina."
The need for sex education, Crist said,
has become apparent.
"Like it or not, we are living in a kind of
sexual revolution.. Books, films, magazines
and the TV media are exploiting sex for
commercial purposes. Sex and love are
often oversimplified, treating the, topic like
a combination of learning to play tennis
and buying life insurance," he said.
"Societal norms, on the other hand,
restrict the availability of accurate
information about sex. Many people are
unable to separate fantasy from fact, with
tragic results," Crist said.
The first reaction , of the "older"
generation," Crist believes, will be one of
shock, which he contends reflects their
own inadequacy about sex information.
"The older generation has invested in so
much sexual shame that it is prepared to
kill for it to protect it," Crist commented.
"It has already been shown that parents
have contributed unwittingly to their
children's lack of responsibility with
regards to contraceptive practices and
sexuality by avoiding frank discussions of
these issues and by handing their
adolescent children over to a college in
expectation that the college will teach
them, or by denying their questions
entirely on the assumption that it will take
care of itself."
Crist attended UNC where he lettered in
football - and graduated with an
undergraduate degree in philosophy.
After finishing the UNC School of
Medicine he served his internship in
Charleston, S.C. Crist returned to N.C.
Memorial Hospital in 1965 as a resident io
obstetrics and gynecology. He is presently
an assistant professor in the department
and staff member of the Health Education
Clinic.
Crist, who was originally interested in
becoming a general practitioner, entered
the field of obstetrics and gynecology
because he felt that the field would
become a significant one with definite
contributions to be made to medicine.
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Determining the effectiveness of different contraceptive
methods has always been a problem. Contraceptive
failure pregnancy may be the result of an ineffective method,
such as withdrawal or douching, incorrect usage of an effective
method, or occasionally, a method failure.
Contraceptives and the percentage relation to avoidance of pregnancy. Diagram
from "Elephants and Butterflies." (reprint by permission of ECOS, Inc.)
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