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Mild Today will be clear and mild with a high temperature near 70. The low last night was 32. There is a 10 per cent chance of rain. Beat Dook The annual Beat Dook parade cranks up this afternoon at 3. Former UNC and NBA basket ball star Billy Cun ningham will be Grand Marshal. Serving the students and the University community since 1893 Friday, November 19, 1976, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Volume No. 84, Issue No. 63 Please call us: 933-0245 V MM I Anderson: Watergate hurt press by Mark Lazenby Staff Writer DURHAM Often thundering and pointing emphatically at his spellbound audience, muckraking columnist Jack Anderson said Tues day that the American press is suffering from an opinion backlash in the wake of Watergate. Speaking before a packed Page Auditorium at Duke University, Anderson said too many people believe that the press deliberately distorts facts and takes them out of context. "Maybe I can take a minute or two to defend my profession," Anderson said. I think the United States has the purest press in the world and the most objective press in the world. "I tell my reporters that I want the facts and I want the facts as they are. Not as they hope they are, or wish they were. Not even as someone tells them they are. "I want the facts as they are." Anderson explained that the. task facing jour nalists of presenting facts is not easily ac complished. "Investigative reporting is high-risk journalism. We are constantly trying to dig out what the government is trying to cover up." Anderson said often the information reporters uncover can be compared to discovering the tail of an elephant. "And we will report as accurately as we can what the tail looks like," he added. "Our only hope is that we will get a hold on the tail and drag the elephant out into the open where you can see it." Anderson delighted his audience by describing bungled CIA and government surveillance of him and his family to discover the confidential sources of much of his incriminating information. "I brought along some of the CIA papers; I thought you might enjoy them," Anderson said as he proceded to describe "Operation Mudhead" a CIA attempt to discover Anderson's news sources. In this attempt, Anderson said, the CIA spent more than $250,000 and utilized a fleet of 1 8 radio cars to observe both him and his family at all times. He rocked the audience with laughter as he read secret reports filed by the surveillance teams. "This is the part I like," Anderson said as he read a report that described how the surveillance teams lost track of him when he took a taxi from work one afternoon. "I'm glad I wasn't going to blow up the country," he said to his laughing audience. "My friends, it would be comic opera if it wasn't so terribly serious," he said Anderson also expressed fear that reporters could be jailed for not revealing their confidential news sources. "You see, if we divulge our confidential sources in order to stay out of jail, we will lose them. And we won't be the loser, you will. "Because from that moment on, we will have to rely on official sources, and you will be told only what the government wants you to know." He repeatedly stressed the fact that America's founding fathers meant the press to be free. All governments, including the American govern ment, tend to become oppressive when in control, Anderson said. "The government doesn't own the news, the news belongs to you. The point is that there is a watchdog, and that's our function. The founding fathers intended that we should dig out the secrets of government and present them to those who own the government. He also stressed that, despite his revelations of governmental misdeeds, he felt compelled to emphasize the positive aspects of the American government. Noting that he has observed numerous governments and met leaders throughout the world, Anderson said that only America offers its citizens so many opportunities and standards so high. . i . v. if 1 5 fx v j?. v wWv.v.v.j5jJfc;.v.,.;.v1: :;o::..v o.'. v. it ' Ush ers to issue umbere etba me Jack Anderson, controversial syndicated columnist, spoke to a full house Wednesday in Duke's Page Auditorium. Though peppering his speech with amusing anecdotes, Anderson edical sc primarily discussed the serious subject of a post-Watergate backlash damaging the credibility of the press today. by Karen Millers Staff Writer Basketball ticket distributions will be strictly regulated this season to prevent line breaking problems that may result from the new bleachers in Carmichael Auditorium, according to Bill Strickland, who is responsible for ticket distribution. In the past, when arm chair seats were used, ushers could quickly tell if someone was not in his place, Strickland said. Now that new bleacher seats have been installed, it will be easier for students to save seats for friends or break in line themselves, he said. Students may sit in any of the eight sections in Carmichael, and ushers will make periodic checks to make sure that students remain in the lines. At the check times, ushers will give students numbered cards showing their position in line and will see that everyone who already has a card is present. Married couples must take two cards to keep the ticket count accurate. If a student misses a check time for any reason, he will lose his place in line. He must give the usher his card and take a new one for the next available seat in the rear of the section. No one will be allowed to save seats at any time, Strickland said. When the tickets are distributed, each section will go to a different distribution point. All tickets will be given randomly, so that a student's position in line will have no effect on what seat he will have at the game. Strickland said cards will be taken up as the tickets are issued. Check times during distributions will be: Monday and Wednesday 2:15, 2:45, 3:15, 3:45, 4:15, 4:45 p.m. Tuesday and Thursday 2, 2:30, 3, 3:30, 4, 4:30 p.m. Weekends every half hour. The first ticket distribution will be at 5 p.m. Nov. 22 for the Marshall game Dec. 1 . hools Study says too many being constructed; indicates more rural centers needed by Vernon Mays Staff Writer A recent Carnegie Commission report on education of doctors raised many questions about the effectiveness and availability of health care in the nation and in North Carolina. The report. Progress and Problems in Medical and Defttal Education, criticized the methods used to solve health care problems and shortages of medical care across the nation. "We are in serious danger of developing too many new medical schools, and decisive steps need to be taken by both federal and state governments to stop this trend," the report stated. The report maintained that existing medical schools supply the country with enough doctors and that money going into most new medical schools could be better used to solve the more pressing problem of maldistribution of physicians. The report also stated that concern for such geographic maldistribution of manpower and overspecialization in medicine will lead to ex cessive federal controls, rather than to policies emphasizing incentives to effect the required changes. In addition, it condemned the establishment of 13 developing medical schools in the country, including the East Carolina University medical school. "With respect to most of the developing schools..., we seriously question whether they should be established," the report stated. The following considerations were listed by the commission: The increase in med-school entrants and graduates was even more pronounced in the first half of the 1970s than has been predicted and will continue to be substantial for a number of years without the contributions of schools that have not yet enrolled any students. It is a virtual certainty that the physician population ratio will reach unprecedented levels by 1985. The cost of establishing a new medical school is exceedingly high. , Communities that lack a medical school can, in most cases, be served more effectively and at much more modest cost by an area health educa tion center (AH EC) than by a full-fledged medical school. Mention of the AH EC system becomes a major theme in the report, and the commission suggests an overall push for federal support of AH EC's as a major part of federal education policy. Each AH EC would be a small educational center which would "perform all of the functions of a university health science center except for the basic education of M.D. and D.D.S. candidates," the report stated. The centers would be affiliated with a university health science center, which would supervise its educational programs, according to the report. "The primary purpose of AH EC's is to improve the quality of heath care in their areas." North Carolina is cited as a particularly successful state for developing AH EC's, with nine centers now in operation. I n 1 970, the Carnegie Commission recommend ed a total of five AH EC's for North Carolina, and partly because of their proliferation, the ECU medical school is viewed as unnecessary. Glenn Wilson, North Carolina's AH EC director said "There is no disagreement that we need a better system of health care distribution in North Carolina." One of the problems faced by the AHECs is providing primary care doctors for people in isolated areas. "We are dealing effectively with that issue." Wilson said. "One of the key factors of doctors leaving rural areas, besides the lesser pay, is lack of association with other professionals in their field," Wilson said. "We think we're doing something about that professional isolation through AHECs because students and full-time faculty are always at the centers." One of the major health problems facing North Carolinians today is how to given doctors an incentive to settle in sparsely populated areas, said Cecil G. Sheps, vice chancellor for health sciences at UNC. "Everyone assumes that if we have doctors, all the problems will be solved," Sheps said. "That's an overly simplistic solution. It doesn't address itself to what are the forces that deter mines where a physician settles," Sheps said. Sheps said the major issue is not necessarily who gives the health care, but how it is organized. "The assumption that only medical people are qualified to give health care is no longer a justified assumption," he said. There are cheaper ways of getting the same quality of health care that we enjoy now at a much higher cost, Sheps said. "The new medical schools in the last 15 years cost at least $100 million by the time they are finished," he said. "I'm not saying it's got to be that way, I'm saying it has been that way." Sheps said the AHECs are an alternative to more medical schools and that part of the solution to a scarcity of doctors in rural areas are rural health programs. James Bernstein, chief of the Office of Rural Health Programs, which addresses itself to the. maldistribution of resources between urban and rural areas, said that because of the strategy used in this state. North Carolina is much better off than other rural states. "This state has a long way to go, especially to equalize the access situation he said. ' The Rural Health Programs office performs four major functions for the state, primarily creating rural health centers in small communities. The centers are built only at the request of the community, Bernstein said. Each 'center is staffed by a full-time nurse practitioner and visiting doctors who come on a rotating schedule. Funded jointly by the state and the town, the centers can serve 75 to 80 per cent of the people in a town without having to refer them to a physician or specialist in another town, Bernstein said. There are now 13 such centers in the state and fqur more planned.- The Rural Health Programs office also serves to recruit physicians for rural practice, arrange loans for health science students who agree to practice in rural areas for a specified time, and provide information for a national personnel placement agency. Midweek end1 reading day UNC students are given one reading day at the end of the semester just before final examinations begin. In years past that reading day has been on a Friday, giving students an entire weekend to read, study, party or whatever they chose to do prior to exams. This year the reading day falls on a Wednesday. The day has been moved back so exams can start earlier and end without extending into the week of Christmas. In recent years, exams did not end until about Dec. 22. Registrar Lillian Lehman, a member of the calendar committee which makes up the school schedule, said this system often meant that faculty members had to spend Christmas Eve grading exams. The new schedule should ease the pressure on faculty members and allow students to begin their vacations a little earlier, Lehman said. I think it will give the students a better break," she said. The last day of classes this semester will be Tuesday, Dec. 7. Dec. 8 will be the reading day and exams will begin on Thursday, Nov. 9. The last exams are scheduled for Saturday, Dec. 18. Merton Vance Grey Culbreth to leave after 30 years as UNC utilities boss by Russell Gardner Staff Writer A man called the office at Grey Culbreth Junior High School a few months ago and asked to speak with - the principal. "Who's calling please?" one of the secretaries asked. "Grey Culbreth," the man answered. Dead silence. "Hello?... Hellor Just as the man started to hang up the phone, a different secretary came on the line. "Uh, Mr. Culbreth? I'm terribly sorry, but you see, you scared this poor little girl to death. She thought you were dead." Grey Culbreth still laughs when he recalls the conversation. "You'd be surprised at the reactions I get because a school is named after me. Most of the people who have schools named after them are gone, but I'm not dead!" Sitting at his desk at 9 a.m. on a Monday, Culbreth doesn't even look tired. In fact, he talks eagerly of life and his plans for the future. Those plans include Culbreth's first job change in more than 30 years. Since 1946, he has served as director of UNC utilities. On Dec. 3 1 , he will leave the University to become an assistant vice president for Duke Power Co. Culbreth admits that leaving the University is a little traumatic. "It's difficult to leave, I'll admit. But it's gone from a point of not wanting to go, to the point where I'm ready to get it over with." As director of utilities, Culbreth supervises operations ot the university-owned water, sewer, electric and telephone utilities serving Chapel Hill, Carrboro and parts of Orange County. . . m The UNC Board of Trustees last spnng voted to sell the electric utility to Duke Power Co. and the water and sewer utilities to the Orange Water and Sewer Authority (OWS A). Transfer of these utilities will take place Dec. 31. In addition, the trustees voted to sell the telephone utility to Southern Bell. Transfer of the telephone utility is expected early next year. Like most other utility employees, Culbreth has accepted a position with one of the new utility owners. . Culbreth probably knows more about the operation of the wf Iff i I. ' ' - I &L...n 'm Yt2ti T, I Staff photos by Allen Jemigan Grey Culbreth reminisces about his many years directing the water, sewer, electricity and telephone services for UNC. utility systems than anyone, having watched them grow from a $5,000 to $20 million gross income per year business. Oddly enough, Culbreth's knowledge of the utility business consisted of changing light bulbs and fuses when he began work with the University as a student in 1934. "I came here in '34 and enrolled in the old engineering school. I'd work between 50 and 60 hours every week changing light bulbs and fuses and also attend classes every day," Culbreth said. "For my efforts, the government magnanimously paid me 30 cents per hour, or about $12 a week. I didn't complain. In fact, I was grateful for that much money when so many others were out of work. If someone had told me at the time that I would ever make even $3,000 a year I'd have been ecstatic," he said. Culbreth's hard work eventually paid off. After graduating with the last class of the UNC engineering school in 1938, he became assistant superintendent of engineering for the University. "When I got out of school, I had two choices. I could have gone to work for General Electric for $125 a month and be sent to Schenectady or stay here for $1 16 a month. I stayed, and I've never regretted it." In 1946, he was promoted to utilities director. "There hasn't been a dull moment since. I was green when I took this job. The hardest thing to get used to was the telephone. About the only thing electricity and the telephone have in common is Ohm s Law." The utilities business grew along with the population of the area until it became too complex for the University to operate. "If the utilities sales hadn't taken place, I'd have eventually had to separate the utilities into separate departments," Culbreth said, "They have become too big for my department to handle." Culbreth admitted it is difficult to operate a utilities business within the University because those who control the pursestriugs of the University have little knowledge of how the utilities business operates. "There are no utilities experts between us and state government," he said, "We have to have the utility budget approved by the UNC budget officers, and .sometimes it's difficult to convince them that changes need to be made." Culbreth said the recent water shortage that crippled the Chapel Hill-Carrboro area might have been prevented had UNC administrators acted to upgrade the water system after a similar drought in 1968. "I sent letters urging the chancellor to approve plans to buy land to build a new reservoir, but there was absolute indifference on the part of the South Building. They were interested in selling the utilities, but it's a common fact that whenever you sell anything, you sell the liabilities as well as the assets." Culbreth testified two weeks ago before a hearing on filling the B. Everett Jordan Reservoir that the University has been negligent in progress toward building a new water supply. "Well, I always tell the truth to the best of my knowledge. But being under oath in a hearing isn't like carrying on a conversation. In a conversation I would have qualified my answer by saying I don't believe UNC officials were deliberately negligent. They held off in anticipation of the utility sales. But under oath I had to answer the questions directly." Culbreth has served under five chancellors in the past 30 years, but insists that for the most part they have had no influence on his job. "One of our difficulties has always been the indifference of South Building to utilities. I consider that my office operates the utilities and the powers up there (South Building) are responsible for administration, Culbreth said as he grinned and propped his feet up on an open desk drawer. "But like I said, leaving is a bit traumatic." He glanced around his immaculate office. When Culbreth stops to show a visitor a particular graph or page of statistics, he doesn't have to sort through piles of paperwork. He simply crosses the room, opens a filing cabinet and pulls out the desired information. After 63 active years, Culbreth says he is looking forward to eventually retiring in Chapel Hill. I'll only be a Duke Power for 18 months. I'll be 65 on March 5th of '78, and they have a mandatory retirement policy," he said. As director of utilities, Culbreth has often had to deal with unfavorable public opinion, particularly during this year's " water shortage. "I've always been very public relations conscious," he said, "You've got to remember that UNC has always been primarily a school of humanities. Even the old engineering school was geared toward humanities. I find that the older I get, the more sensitive I am to publich opinion. You know, it's not true that the older you get the more thick-skinned you become." Six months from now, Culbreth will be sitting behind a new desk, still organized and still involved in a variety of community projects. . And even though there's a school named for Culbreth, he is very much alive. If you have any doubts, call the secretaries at Grey Culbreth Junior High and ask them.
Daily Tar Heel (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
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Nov. 19, 1976, edition 1
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