f
Warm
It will be partly cloudy today
and tomorrow with highs in
the mid 80s. The low tonight
will be in the mid 60s. The
chance of rain is 10 per cent
today and zero per cent
tonight.
No Friday paper
The staff has to recuperate
after this issue, so there
won't be a Daily Tar Heel
tomorrow. We will resume
publication with an issue on
Monday. Enjoy these 66
pages.
Please call us: 933-0245
Thursday, August 25, 1977, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Serving the students and the University community since 1893
Volume No. 85, Issue No. 11
Governors criticize HEW rules,
send revised desegregation plan
By NANCY HARTIS
Staff Writer
The UNC Board of Governors adopted a
desegregation plan Monday that disregards
many of the federal criteria issued by the U.S.
Department of Health, Education and Welfare
(HEW).
Julius Chambers, one of the board's black
members, resigned just prior to the adoption of
the plan as the result of his displeasure with the
board's actions. (See story on A4).
The 175-page document, entitled "The
Revised North Carolina State Plan for the
Further Elimination of Racial Duality in Public
Higher Education Systems, Phase II: 1978
1983," was approved almost unanimously, with
one abstention and one negative vote.
The board's action was in response to
guidelines issued last July by HEW ordering
UNC officials to make a greater effort to
desegregate North Carolina's racially dual
university system. Included were specific
numerical goals for black enrollment in
traditionally white institutions, such as UNC
CH. UNC's plan accepts some of the guidelines but
rejects others, including a ISO per cent increase in
black enrollment in traditionally white schools in
the next five years. Many of the guidelines, the
plan says, are "legally unnecessary or
educationally impracticable or defective."
The HEW guidelines came after a federal
court ruled in favor of a suit filed by the N A ACP
Legal Defense and Education Fund charging the
university systems of North Carolina and five
other states with failure to comply with the 1964
Civil Rights Act.
In the 1977 ruling, U.S. District Court Judge
John H. Pratt ordered HEW to include in its
guidelines plans to reduce the racial
identifiability of institutions through revised
admissions standards to gain more blacks, and at
the same time to enhance predominantly black "
institutions by upgrading academic programs
also offered by predominantly white institutions.
The General Administration, particularly
UNC President William C. Friday, maintains the
racial identifiability of North Carolina's
universities is the result of "racial duality." a
consequence of legal racial segregation of the
past.
Racial duality is not the same thing as legal
racial segregation, the University says.
Thus, the plan adopted by the 32-member
board, drafted by top officials in the
administration and backed by Gov. Jim Hunt is
actually an extension and revision of the first
state plan for desegregation adopted in 1974 and
still in use today.
The State Plan, Phase II, comprises the
following goals:
To increase enrollment of black students
generally.
To increase enrollment of black students at
traditionally white institutions and white
students at traditionally black institutions.
To increase the successful undergraduate
matriculation of black students.
To continue expanding graduate and
professional opportunities for black persons.
To increase the multi-raciality of staffs and
governing boards.
The UNC plan now must be combined with a
similar plan for the state's community colleges
being drafted for consideration by the State
Board of Education Sept. 1.
Both plans must be signed by the governor and
submitted to HEW by Sept. 5.
In the event HEW rejects the plan, the results
could be twofold. Extended bureaucratic
proceedings could result in the loss of $100
million in federal funds channeled annually into
the UNC system, or further federal court battles
could be fought. '
The difference between HEW's guidelines and
UNC's plan lies mainly in degree. For example,
H E W calls for a 1 50 per cent increase in minority
enrollment in the next five years; UNC's plan
aims for a 32 per cent increase.
Please turn to page 8.
Returning students up water use
by 1.5 million gallons per day
hrrtkft TiiPuHau hilt uf'tpr miir-L- run-nn 1
By KAREN MILLERS
and
JUDITH TILLMAN
Stafr Writers
The thousands of students returning to Chapel Hill
this week helped push the daily consumption l the
town's drought-stricken water supply up by almost 15
million gallons, according to statistics released by the
Orange Water and Sewer Authority (OWASA).
OWASA official W. H. Cleveland said Wednesdav
the normal daily consumption is approximately 3 f
million gallons, but Tuesday it rose to 5 million
gallons.
University Lake is still 78 inches below its normal
level, in spite of 2. 1 inches of rain last week that added
eight inches to the lake.
"A good steady rain for three or four days would
bring it back up," Cleveland said. In the meantime.
Chapel Hill is buying an average of 3.7 million gallons
of water daily from Durham. Cleveland said a pipeline
broke Tuesday, but alter quick repairs. 3..S nullum
gallons still flowed to Chapel Hill.
With negotiations for water purchase between
Chapel Hill and Hillsborough apparently stalemated.
OWASA has renewed its search for other emergent;,
sources of water. The possibility of purchasing water
from Mebane is being explored by the authority.
The authority wanted to buy treated water 'from
Hillsborough with the option of drawing raw water
from Lake Orange, Hillsborough's water source, after
December 31. 1983. During three weeks of discussion,
the Hillsborough Board of Commissioners steadfastly
refused to consider present or future piping of raw
water from the lake.
OWASA members said they would like to continue
discussion with the Hillsborough commissioners if
possible. -Hillsborough Mayor Fred Cates cited the
necessity of protecting the town's water source and
said his board had no further comment.
Please turn to page 4.
M Y J
ILL ir; u w
''.'.... a
Staff photo by L C. Barbour
Dry weather has taken its toll on crops statewide and the water supply 9f Chapel Hill
Judge rules for Bernholz,
students in legal service
suit: statute struck down
By CHIP PEARSALL
Staff Writer
Student Atty. Dorothy Bernholz and
three other plaintiffs have won a court
suit allowing the Student Legal Services
(SLS) to operate under its present
system, thus freeing $ 1 ,750 of its budget.
Judge James B. McMillan of U.S.
District Court for the Western District
of North Carolina ruled
unconstitutional a N.C. general statute
restricting SLS's services. The statute
would not allow SLS to operate unless it
partially reimbursed students who
sought outside legal aid rather than use
SLS.
SLS began operation in April 1976,
and Bernholz set aside $1,750 from its'
$20,000 budget for possible outside
attorney fees.
The attorney hired by SLS can
represent students in such instances as
landlord-tenant, consumer and
discrimination matters. The attorney
can also give advice on other legal
problems but cannot handle cases
between two students or between a
student and a state agency.
The service began in April, 1976 after
the N.C. Bar Council approved it with
an amendment to its services giving
students an option of attorneys.
Bernholz, former Student Body
President Billy Richardson, student L.
C. Barbour and Student Government
(SG) filed suit against the council in
December, 1976.
The plaintiffs claimed that the statute:
Resulted in a more expensive plan
and fewer legal services for students.
Limited Bernholz from rendering
all possible services for students and
could cause a decrease in her $ 1 2,000 per
year salary if budgeted money had to be
paid for fees.
Restricted students' First and
Fourteenth Amendment rights to have
legal representation of their choice
under the kind of plan used by the SLS.
The SLS plan a "closed panel" plan
uses one attorney who is paid from
student fees. Although students could
seek outside legal advice, the plaintiffs
contended that SLS should not have to
III p
Freshmen living in tripled rooms
fall victim to housing shortage
i 1
:.- 11 I H j
Dorothy Bernholz
pay for outside attorney fees. Students
pay for SLS services with student fees.
Bernholz said that no students have
chosen outside legal advice since SLS
began.
The court decision frees SLS to
oeprate under its plan, which appears to
be more economical than an "open
panel" plan in which several lawyers are
retained for service.
McMillan's decision also could
provide a test case for organizations
considering closed-panel plans of legal
service for their members. Bernholz
said.
By AMY McRARY
StafT Writer
Freshmen Serita Marshall, Lori Stewart and Marianne
Stewart live in the cramped quarters of 204 Alderman. Stuffed
animals, cooking utensils, three twin beds, suitcases, a chest,
two desks and a fan fill a room built to house two people.
These three girls are victims of the UNC fall housing
crunch. But they are not alone in their uncomfortable
predicament. Three hundred and sixty-nine other freshmen
are also tripled in 126 double occupancy rooms across
campus.
In addition, 72 upperclassmen are housed in groups of two
and three in dorm study rooms. Twenty-seven of these have
been offered permanent spaces in dorms, however.
That adds up to 156 crowded rooms housing 444 UNC
students.
And the waiting list for campus housing contains 66 names,
said Peggy Gibbs, assistant to the Director of Housing.
Like other freshmen in their situation, the girls in 204
Alderman learned they were to be in a triple room about two
weeks before coming to school. And like most, they were not
too excited about the idea of doubling up on closet, drawer
and desk space or with the request to bring as few possessions
as possible.
"I'll feel great when I can move," Serita Marshall said. "I
feel like I'm imposing on Lori and Marianne. 1 thought it
would only be a couple of weeks before I got to move, but now
hear they're talking about it being months before we get
uncrowded."
The crowding situation for Serita, Marianne and Lori, as
well as for the other freshmen tripled in double rooms and
upperclassmen housed in residence hall study rooms, will not
be alleviated for two to three months, Gibbs said.
"Last year we had only 50 people crowded, and they were all
moved in two weeks," she said "But we were lucky then.
Undergraduate Admissions has a policy of accepting more
freshmen than we can house. This year they accepted 75 to 100
more people than we could handle."
Double occupancy rooms were tripled in Spencer, Cobb,
Whitehead and Alderman. And last week, freshmen began to
arrive without housing contracts, so six rooms in Parker were
tripled.
Every men's dorm on North Campus has some double
rooms that have been tripled, Gibbs said. And every study
room on campus is being used to house upperclassmen who
were closed out in their residence hall lottery or were on
previous waiting lists. Most of the study rooms housing these
students are in Morrison, she said.
The process of relocating students now in temporary triples
or study rooms will be done in order of when the Department
of Housing received their housing contract, Gibbs said. The
person in a temporary triple with the latest contract date of the
three will be the student to move. Any student has the option
to turn down the first space the Department of Housing offers
within 48 hours, but the student must accept the second offer,
Gibbs said.
Residence hall contracts cannot be sold until all crowding is
corrected, Gibbs said. But a student can cancel his contract
and give up his space in a room.
However, the student not only forfeits his room, but the $75
contract prepayment and approximately $2.30 for each night
he remained in his residence hall room.
INDEX
Arts and Entertainment. Section
B. Broadway is coming to the Hill
where the Playmakers have reigned
since 1918.
Sports. Section C. Dean Smith has
resisted the temptations of
Westwood, football is already in
swing. And Chapel Hill offers as
many places to play as it does to
drink.
Orientation. Section D. A look at
'art' films and products, the art of
waiting in line and the art of cooling
off.
Perspective. Section E. Advisors
are sometimes as scarce as water in
this town. And background on
desegregation, the perennial
controversy.
Freshmen nationwide have lowest scores
NEW YORK (UP1) - American freshmen
entering college next month will take with them
the lowest scholastic aptitude scores in half a
century, the College Board reported Wednesday.
The report was published by the Admissions
Testing Program of the College Board, a non
profit membership organization providing tests
and other educational services for students,
schools and colleges. The membership is
composed of more than 2,000 colleges, schools,
school systems and educational associations.
Average Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores
of youths headed for college dropped two points
in the verbal section of the test from 431 in 1976
to 429. The mathematical score dipped two points
also, from 472 to 470.
And that isn't all the bad news.
The average scores on all achievement tests
slipped from 538 to 533, down five points over the
previous year. The English composition
achievement test took the biggest dive, from 532
last vear to 5lf.
The lowest scores in the 5 1 -year history of the
test measuring college aptitude were part of a
report on the average profile of a million youths
planning to go to college, showing their plans,
skills and interests.
The report, "College-Bound Seniors, 1977,"
covers one-third of all 1977 high school graduates
and about two-thirds of the fall's college
freshmen.
A report on possible causes of the 14-year skid
in SAT scores was released earlier this week. It
cited among probable causes: relaxed teaching
standards, television competing with homework,
grade inflation, changes in the family and
"unprecedented turbulence in national affairs"
the Vietnam War and Watergate.
The profile also showed:
The percentage of minority students taking
the SATs increased for the second year in a row.
Sixteen per cent of the students who took the SAT
belong to an ethnic minority. Among them. 8.8
per cent were black: 2.4 percent were Oriental; 1.7
per cent were Mexican American; 0.8 per cent
were Puerto Rican; and 0.4 per cent were
American Indian.
Males had higher SAT scores, both verbal
and mathematical but women continued to excel
in the Test of Standard Written English. Women
report high school grade averages higher than men
except in mathematics and physical sciences. The
mean Grade Point Average for females was 3.17
and for men. 3.05.
The male edge in average verbal scores is 431
versus 427; in mathematical aptitude, 497 to 445.
Health and medical-related fields top
intended areas of study for women. Business and
commerce showed gains and were now the fastest
growing field in popularity for both sexes.
Engineering is the most popular major for men.
Education, physical science, English literature
and mathematics showed a decline in interest.
Only 70.000 of the million seniors have a SAT
score oer 500 and paren'.s able to contribute
i4,6U0 or more to their education. The test is
scored from 200 to 800, with the higher figure
being a perfect score. This means there are
limitations on the number of potential applicants
who can pay at most colleges and whose aptitude
is high enough to meet intellectual standards at
top colleges.
Median family income is $17,600, up 7.3 per
cent over last year. About one-fourth of the
students estimated their parents' income below
$12,000. More than two-fifths pegged it over
$20,000.
The median of estimated parental
contribution toward college expenses was $ 1 ,200.
About three-quarters of all families cannot
contribute fully to the costs of education at public
four-year institutions with average annual
expenses of $2,900.
The information for the Profile of Entering
Freshmen came from Student Descriptive
Questionnaires distributed in conjunction with
the aptitude and achievement tests.