Forewarmed
Mostly sunny and pleasant
today with a high of 70; low
of 45.
The Dodgers are champs
The Los Angeles Dodgers de
feated the New York Yankees
9-2 Wednesday night in New
York to take the World Series
in six games. The Dodgers
won four games to two.
Serving the students and the University community since 1893
Thursday, October 29, 1931
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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40 ijC
Volume O, Issue
AWACS
The Associated Press
WASH INGTON The Senate upheld President
Ronald Reagan's record $8.5-billion AWACS sale
to Saudi Arabia on a vote of 52 to 48 Wednesday,
crowning an intensive lobbying effort that reversed
long odds and delivered victory in his first major
foreign policy test.
At the White House, an exultant Reagan declared
the decision meant "the cause of peace is on the
march again in the Middle East."
With its vote, the Senate rejected a veto resolu
tion that would have scrapped the sale of the so
phisticated radar planes and F-15 jetfighter wea
ponry to the Arab kingdom. The president needed
five votes, since a tie would have gone to him.
The roll call was piped into the office of White
House chief of staff James A. Baker III, where
Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig Jr., national
security adviser Richard V. Allen, and Deputy
Chief of Staff Michael K. Deaver had gathered
around a conference table.
When the count got to Edward Zorinsky, a Ne
. braska Democrat who had a meeting with Reagan
earlier in the day, the senator voted with the presi
dent. "That's it!" said Haig, slapping the table. Baker
said later the Zorinsky vote was the one surprise.
Another of the deciding votes was that of Sen.
William Cohen, a Maine Republican and the son
of a Jewish baker.
He said he was not happy with the sale but that
if it were rejected, Israel would become "scape
goats" and give credence to those who say Ameri
can foreign policy is shaped by the Israeli lobby in
Washington.
A third critical vote came from Sen. Russell B.
Long, D-La., who had played his cards close to the
vest to the very end. He said he was swayed by the
thought that Congress should "support the presi
dent in this most crucial foreign-policy and
national-defense issue."
The House had voted 301- U 1 against the pack
age two weeks ago, and, as late as Tuesday, Senate
opponents remained confident they had more than
enough support to do the same.
But Reagan's personal powers of persuasion
Droduced a nail-biter that turned his way at the 5
p.m. EST showdown.
Earlier, the president told the Senate in a letter
that the sale was invaluable to U.S. security inter
ests "by improving both our strategic posture and
the prospects for peace in the Middle East."
But opponents called it a threat to Israel, fuel
for a Middle East arms race and a risk of losing
secret AWACS and missile technology to the
Soviets or radical Arab nations if the Saudi gov
ernment is overthrown.
"It's just about a perfect photo finish," said
Sen. Charles H. Percy, R-Ill., Reagan's floor leader
on the issue, as the climactic vote approached.
Reagan called it a test of his command of Amef
ican foreign policy. Opponents saw it as a threat to
the security of Israel and to the sanctity of
America's most advanced military technology.
The $8.5-billion package involved not only sale
of five Airborne Warning and Control Systems
radar planes to Saudi Arabia, but also 1,177 Side
winder missiles, 101 fuel pods and six flying
tankers to stretch the range and firepower of F-15
jets already in the possession of the Arab king
dom.
The president devoted the day to lobbying sena
tors, including two summoned for private persua
sion in the intimacy of the small study in the White
"House residence. His lobbying campaign on the
first major foreign policy debate of his presidency
rivaled the intensity of his successful effort to cut
government spending and taxes.
"He makes persuasive arguments based on the
fact that we only have one president of the United
States at a time," said Sen. Edward Zorinsky, a
conservative Democrat from Nebraska after 40
minutes with Reagan. "He indicated that it is diffi
cult for him to conduct foreign policy with a defeat
of this nature."
Hours before the vote, Reagan declared in a let
ter to the Senate that the sale of AWACS radar
planes and F-15 jet fighters would be no threat to
Israel and that Americans would be involved in the
Saudi operations well into the 1990s.
Ia the House, Speaker Thomas P. O'Neill ex
pressed amazement over how Reagan reversed the
tide in the Senate from what once seemed sure rejection.
"He is showing awesome power," O'Neill said.
The senators debated the issue right. until the
bells rang out summoning them to the vote.
Sen. Barry Goldwater, R-Ariz., said "I am ab
solutely convinced the turning down of this sale
could lead to war in the Middle East."
But Sen. John C. Danforth, R-Mo., said "It is
conceivable ... that the United States is in
advertently laying the foundation for the next war
in the Middle East."
Four of the 24 AWACS aircraft within the U.S.
inventory already are operating with American
crews in Saudi Arabia to guard against possible air
attack by Iran or other hostile powers. Under pro
visions of the proposed sale, the Saudis would re
ceive five AWACS in 1985, but they would be
models without advanced features such as jam
resistant communications devices.
Reagan, seeking to allay fears that a Saudi Arabia
See AWACS on page 3
Council targets cuts in services
By JOHN CONWAY
DTH SUTf Writer
In a heated debate Wednesday evening, candidates for the
Chapel Hill Town Council targeted possible, town services that
could be cut in order to lower property taxes.
In a candidate forum sponsored by the Chapel Hill Home
owners, at Culbreth Junior High School, incumbent Bill Thorpe
criticized the council for spending too much money on the resur
facing of streets. By dropping plans to resurface more than 10
miles of Chapel Hill streets, the council could have saved $257,000
in 1981 expenditures, he said.
Both candidate David Pasquini and incumbent Bev Kawalec
called for close examination of the town budget and stressed ef
ficient management of services.
"Taxes have gone high enough," Kawalec said. "I will contin
ue to justify every expenditure."
But incumbent Marilyn Boulton said the streamlining of pub
lic services also would be needed for future tax reductions. In
creasing both the revenue and the tax base would also be neces
sary, she said.
Candidate Lightning Brown agreed. He said the council has
in the past ignored the possibility of increasing the tax base by
not stimulating housing development in the town. If more hous
ing were built, not only would the housing crunch be alleviated,
but the property value of residents would increase, he said.
Candidate S. Douglas Ruff, a UNC student, suggested that
Chapel Hill could cooperate with Carrboro officials on the pur
chase of town commodities. For example, he said, if Carrboro
and Chapel Hill town officials purchased police cars together
they would save money.
Another way to save money, candidate Winston Broadfoot
said, would be to encourage the University to pay for some of
the costs for the transit systems. Both Broadfoot and William
Lindsay said the town council could cut some of the less produc
tive services. By maintaining and supporting new programs, the
council members have done an injustice to the residents of
Chapel Hill who must suffer the higher taxes, Lindsay said.
But incumbent Joe Herzenberg said the current level of ser
vices was what made Chapel Hill a unique town. One area which
could use the expansion of services, he said, would be the Public
Library.
In other discussion, the candidates argued over the benefits of
the new zoning ordinance which was approved in May. Lindsay
said the new ordinance, which calls for higher density housing in
certain areas, would benefit one group of people at the expense
of another. ..
But Kawalec, Herzenberg, Ruff and Boulton agreed the ordi
nance would restrict the urban sprawl and help control growth
of the citv.
r
STATION NAME - SELF-SERVE . FULL-SERVE
Reg Uald.ilnw.vPw.. Reg. , UW. Pre.
Brinkley'i Gulf 126.0 137.0 139.0 136.0 141.0 144.0
Eastgate Shopping Center
Eastgate Amoco 1.27.0 1.34.0 1.42.0 1.39.0 1.43.0 1.48.0
Eastgate Shopping Center
Eastgate Exxon . 126.0 137.0 145.0 148.0 150.0 153.0
1701 E. Franklin Street
Tar Heel 66 126.0 134.0 NA NA NA NA
Raleigh Road
Glen Lennox Gulf 125.0 133.0 140.0 141.0 146.0 150.0
Glen Lennox Shopping Center
Happy Store 120.0 129.0 134.0
100 East Franklin Street
East Franklin Union 125.0 136.0 144.0 125.0 147.0 152.0
1501 Franklin Street .
McFarling's Exxon 126.(7 137.0' 145.0 141.0 145.0 149.0
126 W. Franklin Street
Walker's Gulf .124.0 130.0 NA 1.45.0 151.0 154.0
1500 E. Franklin Street
The Pantry 1.26.0 1.31.0 1.36.0 NA NA NA
Jones Ferry Road
Average 125.0 134.0 141.0 139.0 146.0 150.0
DTHScott Sharps
Bev Kawalec, candidate for Chapel Hill Town Council at forum
Boycott:
ix states- for failure to ratify the ERA
Market surplus
Gas prices unchanged
By JOHN CONWAY
DTH StaH Writer
Motorists pulling up to the gasoline
pumps in October will be paying, on the
average, the same amount for fuel as they
did in August.
"Prices will stay the same for the fore
seeable future," said Quentin Anderson,
public relations director of the Carolina
Motor Club. Anderson said the steady
gas prices are attributed to a current mar
ket surplus.
A Daily Tar Heel survey of local service
stations confirmed the predicted stability
of prices. In October, the average price of
unleaded and premium gasoline remained
constant. Regular fuel prices only fell an
average of 2 cents at both the self-service
and full-service pumps.
An3erson said there was an "unnatural
disparity between the cost of regular and
unleaded." He said some stations, in an
attempt, to attract customers, were lower
ing -the price of regular gasoline. In
Chapel Hill, the survey reflected a price
difference of 9 cents between the average
price of regular and unleaded fuel.
The survey showed the Happy Store
with the lowest prices regular at $1.20,
unleaded at $1.29 and premium at $1.34
for self-service. Brinkley's Gulf had
the lowest full service prices for regular,
unleaded and premium.
By SCOTT PHILLIPS
DTH Staff Writer
North Carolina is one of six states targeted for a major boy
cott by film and television directors because of its failure to
ratify the Equal Rights Amendment.
The Directors Guild of America announced Oct. 22 that it
was asking its members to refrain from filming in any of the 15
states which have not passed the ERA. All American directors
are members of the guild.
Because of their favorable filming conditions, North Carolina,
along with Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Oklahoma and Missouri,
are the primary targets of the effort. .
"We're asking the directors to keep from spending any pro
duction money in any of these states," guild spokesman Terry
Pullan said. "It is in these states that we feel ERA has the best
chance of passage."
Pullan said this would cost the states the money usually spent
on equipment and site rentals, hotels, restaurants and extras, as
well as the personal money spent by the crews.
Pullan said the guild issued a directive, not an order, "this is
not mandatory," he said. "We cannot do anything to those who
do not comply."
Judy Murphy, press secretary for the National Organization
for Women in Washington, D.C., said the boycott was a good
way to get to the heart of ERA since they were both economic
issues. .
Murphy said more than 300 national organizations had pass
ed resolutions not to hold national conventions in those states
which had not ratified the amendment. She said, this had had a
substantial financial impact on major convention sites such as
Chicago, Miami and Atlanta.
Sandy Mullins, director of the Committee to Ratify ERA,
said the source of the boycott was an industry-wide action group
composed mainly of actors. Within this group was a 12-member
task force of directors, and it was this group which formulated
the resolution passed by the guild.
"We're talking about large amounts of money," Mullins said.
"Georgia earned $102 million on film production last year. Al
ready this year, Florida has lost four movies."
Mullins said North Carolina had failed to take the ERA issue
seriously enough. "You never approach the issue on its merits,"
she said. "You will be voting on an issue that affects every single
person in this country."
Mullins said Gov. Jim Hunt's pro-ERA position had not been
as strong as it should be, and therefore would not hinder the
boycott of the state.
"The failure to ratify is the blame of the legislators and the in
ability of Gov. Hunt to take a strong leadership position,"
Mullins said. "Good intentions just won't work any more.
Hunt's lackadaisical position is going to.be held in account if he
runs for the Senate in 1984. Like most politicians, he's a lot of
talk.
Stephanie Bass, Hunt's deputy press secretary, said the
boycott had not affected the state yet, but that Hunt was con
cerned. Bass said the film Brainstorm, now being filmed in North
Carolina, , should bring $6 million into the state. She said the
film had brought as many as 100 crew workers into the state at
one time. "They're spending a lot of money here," Bass said.
Don Orlando, a production accountant at Metro-Goldwyn-Meyer
Studios, said no one in Hollywood was sure how sincere
the directors were. He said the boycott would not seriously im
pair the studios. If there is a disagreement between the studio
and the director, the director can be fired and a foreign or free
lance director hired. .
"The whole thing is absurd," he said. "Do the directors think
the production companies are going to go to the legislators and
tell them how to vote? There is nothing they can do. ,
The deadline for ratification is June 30, 1982.
Officials see
future cuts
to tobacco
By J.B. HOWARD
DTH StafT Writer
Although an amendment to the Farm
Bill to do away with the tobacco subsidy
program was defeated in the House last
week by a vote of 231-184, the program's
future is uncertain, state officials and in
dustry spokesmen said recently.
"The strength of the support for the
amendment shows the supporters of the
program that some changes will have to
be made if they wish to salvage it," said
Eric Rozenman, press secretary for
Robert Shamansky, D-Ohio, the amend
ment's foremost advocate.
Ann Browder of the Tobacco Institute
in Washington, D.C., agreed. "We can't
afford to sit back on our laurels," she
said. "It is obvious that chances will have
to occur for instance, in the allotment
system. The only blessing is that Congress
has given us (the tobacco industry) the
chance to do it."
The allotment system was the program
feature that received the most criticism.
Under this system, tobacco can be grown
only on one of 550,000 allotments issued
in 1933 when the program began. The al
lotments have been handed down from
father to son over the years, and in many
cases tobacco farmers must lease allotted
land from the heir.
"The concept of an allotment system is
vulnerable because some people feel that
this amounts to a government franchise
that some have and some don't," said
Joseph Terrell, press secretary for the
Senate Agriculture Committee chaired by
Sen. Jesse Helms, R-N.C.
Shamansky attacked the allotment sys
tem last week, saying, "It doesn't benefit
the tobacco farmer ... It's the people in
our corporate board rooms who don't
want Jo lose this bonanza."
Rep. Charles Rose, D-N.C, the leading
defender of the program in the House,
told Shamansky after the vote that
hearings to recommend modifications to
the prograrn would be held, Rozenman
said.
"We hope Shamansky will be a witness
at the hearings," Rozenman said.
The hearings which have not yet
been scheduled will be conducted by a
subcommittee on tobacco and peanuts of
the House Agriculture Committee. Rep
resentatives Walter Jones and Charles
Whitley of North Carolina are on the
See TOBACCO on page 3
Student Spotlight
C arjp nt er le a ds ho nor y t em
(A
2
p.-raiofrooaoooaawa iti :
Student Attorney General Mark Carpenter catches up on paperwork in his office
a UNC senior math and political science major, he says anonymity is part of the job
By JOHN DRESCHER
Associate Editor
Of all the high-ranking officials in
Student Government, perhaps none op
erates as anonymously as the student at
torney general. While the Campus Gov
erning Council speaker and student
body president are easily recognized
campus' figures, the attorney general
traditionally has operated in the back
ground, out of the public eye and often
unappreciated.
But that doesn't bother Student Attor
ney, General Mark Carpenter. Carpen
ter, a senior math and political science
major from Charlotte, realizes relative
anonymity is not only part of his job,
but actually is essential to UNC's
student-operated Honor System. Be
cause the Honor System operates under
the Educational Rights of Privacy Act,
a student tried by the Honor Court re
mains anonymous, and the attorney
general is obligated to protect that stu
dent's identity. Cases are not open to
the public, and consequently, receive lit
tle student attention.
"No, the lack of recognition doesn't
bother me personally," Carpenter said '
in his Suite C office. "It doesn't bother
me because the act is a good one it
guarantees the right of an accused stu
dent. That right must be guaranteed."
Carpenter's first contact with the At
torney General's staff was as a
freshman, when he applied to be a staff
member. He was accepted, and a year
later was chosen by then-Attorney
General Louis Bledsoe to be one of four
assistants. In February, he was ap
pointed attorney general by Student
Body President Scott Norberg. .
Carpenter and his staff are responsi
ble for both prosecuting and defending
all students accused of violating UNC's
Honor Code. Carpenter, who manages
a staff of 34, shuns the idea that he and
his staffers are acting the role of high-
powered lawyers out to "get" students.
"As someone once said, it's not a
bunch of Perry Masons and Warren
Burgers," he said. "It's a cliche, but the
goal of , the . system is the pursuit of
justice."
Carpenter is quick to point out that
the Honor System is non-adversary.
The main job of his staff is to in
vestigate each case thoroughly and pre
sent that information before the Honor
Court, Carpenter said. Both the defense
and the prosecutor, who is primarily an
investigator, share the information they
gather.
"A lot of people once had the percep
tion that it was not credible. 1 think a lot
of people look at the system the way
they look at police. They see us as
somebody you have to look out for, in
stead of somebody that's out to protect
your interests. If that can be changed,
the battle will be won."
Finding the time to work a 30-hour
See PROFILE on paqe 2
i
j